Digital Commons Network^™

Ua66/7/2 Hilltopper News, Wku Chemistry

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Chemistry department.

Theoretical Calculation Of The Transport Properties Of Monatomic Lithium Vapor, Paul M. Holland, Louis Biolsi Jr., James C. Rainwater

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Transport properties of dilute monatomic gases depend on two body atom-atom interaction potentials. When two ground state (²S) lithium atoms interact, they can follow either of two potential energy curves corresponding to the Li₂ molecule in the X¹Σ⁺_g or ³Σ⁺_u state. Transport collision integrals for these states have been calculated by accurately representing quantum mechanical potential energy curves with the Hulburt-Hirschfelder potential. The excellent agreement of calculated viscosities with experimental results provides further evidence that this potential can be used to estimate accurately transport properties under conditions where experimental data …

The Synthesis And Evaluation Of The Cardiovascular Activity Of Novel Imidazole Ring Systems, Joseph E. De Los Angeles

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

An investigation was undertaken to synthesize and evaluate the cardiovascular activity of two imidazole ring systems. Imidazoles with hypotensive activity would provide novel potential antihypertensive drugs. These novel structures may also find use as chemical probes in the study of the cardiovascular system and as prototypes for other potential cardiovascular agents.

The histamine derivative, 7,7-dipyridyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroimidazo-[4,5-c]pyridine (ligand l), was demonstrated to possess significant hypotensive activity in laboratory rats. A 15 mg/Kg dose of ligand 1 produces a statistically significant decrease in blood pressure when injected IP. This hypotensive effect is also associated with marked increase in heart rate. Although compound 1 …

Redox Chromophore Compounds And Electrodes Of Metal Containing Substituted Bipyridines, Cecil M. Elliott, Jody G. Redepenning

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Chromophoric compounds, each having a wide range of distinct color changes in response to changes in the oxidation states thereof, are provided in the form of polymerizable monomers, and polymers thereof, of certain metal containing, and electron group substituted, 2,2'-bipyridine compounds.
United States Patent Number 4,611,890

Weihnacht And Its Variants As Personal And Place Names, David S. Wulfman

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

28th Rocky Mountain Conference

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program and abstracts from the 28th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference, co-sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy and the Rocky Mountain Chromatography Discussion Group. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 3-7, 1986.

Alkali Extraction Test As A Predictor For Self-Heating In Coal, Arshad Parvez

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The self-heating of coal is a serious problem that has always affected the coal industry. Self-heating has been studied around the world for more than 100 years by many investigators, yet no accurate method of predicting self-heating in coal has been developed.

The objective of this research was to investigate the factors contributing to the self-heating in coal and to develop methods to predict the self-heating in coal and to develop methods to predict the self-heating susceptibility of various coals. A data bank containing analytical data, transportation histories, and results from laboratory tests was established at Western Kentucky University. A …

The Esterases Of The Galleria Mellonella Larvae, Salmah Juraimi

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Some properties of esterases of the greater wax moth larvae, Galleria mellonella (L.) were examined and the enzyme partially purified. Tris buffer was chosen as the buffer system over veronal buffer. The former causes less hydrolysis of the acetylsalicylic acid. Esterase activities were determined with acetylasalicylic acid in tris buffer (00.05 M, pH 7.85 with 0.1 M EDTA) and with acetyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the same buffer. The enzyme was partially purified by combination of acetone powder preparation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration.

The starting enzyme preparation was obtained from aceton powder preparation. The ratio of esterase activity …

Reactive Counterion Surfactant Catalysis Of Hydroxamic Acid Hydrolysis With Perfluorooctanoic Acid, Mohamed El-Sayed Ayoub

Masters Theses

A micellar effect upon the rate of hydrolysis of hydroxamic acids in aqueous perfluorooctanoic acid has been demonstrated for hydroxamic acids with chain lengths of six , eight, and ten carbons. In this system the counterion, hydrogenion, is a catalyst. Typical rate constant-surfactant concentration profiles for micellar catalysis were obtained. The results for these hydrolyses are consistent with the pseudo-phase model for micellar effects.

In addition the Arrhenius activation energies were determined for the reaction of octanohydroxamic acid at surfactant concentrations above and below the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant. The activation energy is lower for reaction in the …

The Chemistry Of Novel Chromium(Iv) Systems And Fluorinated Hypochlorites, Joseph Onuorah Udeaja

Dissertations and Theses

Chromium(IV) has been of interest for some time because of its role as an intermediate in chromic oxidation reactions. Since there are not a great number of stable tetravalent chromium complexes known, and the use of such species as oxidizing agents has not been widely explored, the preparation, isolation and characterization of new stable tetravalent chromium species may allow chemists the opportunity to more fully understand the role which tetravalent chromium plays in oxidation reactions. The present study thus involves the synthesis of Cr(OC₄H₉)₄ and other Cr(IV) derivatives and the use of Cr(OC₄H …

The Vapor-Phase Dehydrogenation Of Ethylbenzene Using Polymeric & Polymer-Supported Quinones, Simeon Pickard

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Polymer-supported and polymeric quinones were synthesized and evaluated in their ability to dehydrogenate ethylbenzene in the vapor phase. The polymeric quinones were found to be more useful agents for dehydrogenation than the polymer-supported quinones, probably due to the higher concentration of quinone per given mass of polymer.

The factors that affected the yield of styrene using the polymeric quinone were the nature of the polymer, the space velocity in the column, and the reaction temperature. The space velocity was evaluated by holding constant the flow rate of the carrier gas and varying the concentration of ethylbenzene in the gas stream. …

Geometric Photoisomer Investigation Of Bilirubin (Z,Z)-Ixα, Robert Howe Walker Iii

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Numerous investigations of bilirubin have been reported in the literature. Correlation among these investigations can not be made because of multiple behavioral changes characteristic of the solubilized pigment. This research was initiated to evaluate bilirubin and its associated isomers in identical chemical environments.

Two different solvent systems were experimentally selected to study chemical behavior of bilirubin and occurring photoisomers. A ternary solution consisting of 1:3:1 chloroform:methanol:water was used exclusively in visible spectrophotometric analyses. Also, a pH 10.00 buffer was utilized. This latter system has successfully been used in spectrophotometric and voltammetric work.

Four different photochemical processes have been detected spectrophotometrically, …

Identification Of Fibroblasts As A Major Site Of Albumin Catabolism In Peripheral Tissues, Jeffrey L. Strobel, Susan G. Cady, Thomas K. Borg, Louis Terracio, John W. Baynes, Suzanne R. Thorpe

Faculty Publications

Rat serum albumin has been labeledw ith dilactitollZ5I- tyramine,( 12‘I-DLT) a radioactive tracer which remains entrappedw ithin lysosomes following cellular uptake and degradation of the carrier protein. Similar kinetics of clearance from the rat circulation were observed for albumin labeled conventionally with lZsI or 12‘I-DLT-albumin, both proteinhsa ving circulating half-lives of -2.2 days. In contrast, the recovery of whole body radioactivity had half-lives of -2.2 and 5.1 days, respectively, for the two protein preparations, indicating substantial retention of degradation products derived from catabolism of ”‘I-DLT-albumin. Measurement of total and acid-soluble radioactivity in tissues 2 or 4 days after injection of …

Data Collection And Presentation Procedures For The U.S. Army's Chemical Hazard Assessment Warning System (Chaws), Michael H. Merry

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This report describes the basic procedures and references more detailed documents for the operation of meteorological and air quality sensing instrumentation, data depiction and analysis systems for an incinerator pilot plant located at the Tooele Army Depot site near Salt Lake City, Utah. It discusses the site topography and climatology, sensor configuration, calibration, quality assurance and data reporting procedures for the monitoring system and demonstrates their compliance with applicable environmental regulations of United States Federal Government and the State of Utah.

Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies Of Hemoglobin And Its Isolated Subunits, G. R. Hoy, D. C. Cook, R. L. Berger, F. K. Friedman

Physics Faculty Publications

Samples of 90% enriched ⁵⁷Fe hemoglobin and its isolated subunits have been prepared. Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements have been made on three such samples. Sample one contained contributions of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and carbonmonoxyhemoglobin. This sample was studied from a temperature of 90 K down to 230 mK. Measurements were also made at 4.2 K using a small applied magnetic field of 1.0 T. In general, the measured quadrupole splittings and isomer shifts for each component agreed with previous measurements on single component samples in the literature, and thus demonstrated that chemically enriched hemoglobin has not been altered. The second and …

Crystal Structure And Charge Transfer Energies Of Complexes Of The Donor Biphenylene With The Acceptors Tcnb And Pmda, John J. Stezowski, Rolf-Dietrich Stigler, Norbert Karl

John J. Stezowski Publications

Biphenylene:tetracyanobenzene (BPN:TCNB), C₁₂H₈:C₁₀H₂N₄, crystallizes in a monoclinic lattice, space group P2₁/a, Z = 2, with a = 15.215(2) Å, b = 7.260(1) Å, c = 7.573(1) Å, β = 90.05(1)° at 296 K. The BPN donor and TCNB acceptor molecules form two symmetry-related mixed linear [001] stacks with the donor and acceptor molecular planes tilted to each other (within the individual stacks) at an angle of Φ = 7.6°. Biphenylene:pyromellitic-dianhydride (BPN:PMDA), C₁₂H₈:C₁₀H₂O₆, crystallizes in two …

Identification Of N Epsilon-Carboxymethyllysine As A Degradation Product Of Fructoselysine In Glycated Protein, Mahtab U. Ahmed, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

The chemistry of Maillard or browning reactionosf glycated proteins was studied using the model compound, Nu-formyl-W-fructoselysine(f FL), an analog of glycated lysine residues in protein. Incubation of fFL (15 mM) at physiological pH and temperature in 0.2 M phosphate buffer resulted in formation of lVcarboxymethyllysine (CML) in about 40% yield after 15 days. CML was formed by oxidative cleavage of fFL between C-2 and C-3 of the carbohydrate chain and erythronic acid (EA) was identified a s , the split product formed in the reaction. Neither CML nor EA was formed from fFL under a nitrogen atmosphere. The rate of …

Magnesium, Copper And Zinc Concentrations In Blood From Children With Diabetes Mellitus, Linda Lowers Jenkins

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Trace element levels in blood from diabetic children were investigated and compared to control children. Plasma, erythrocyte, mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells were analyzed for magnesium, copper, and zinc content. Leukocyte separation was performed by density gradient centrifugation on Ficoll-Hypaque, followed by washing steps to remove platelet contamination and hypotonic lysis to remove red cell contamination. Polarized Zeeman-effect atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for trace metal analysis.

Decreased plasma magnesium levels were observed in the diabetic children. This finding is well documented and probably due to increased urinary magnesium loss from glycosuria. Lymphocyte magnesium levels in the diabetic children were also …

Simultaneous Knudsen- And Torsion-Effusion Measurements Of The Vapor Pressures Of Triphenyl Aluminum And Triphenyl Boron, Steven Wayne Govorchin

Masters Theses

The sublimation pressures of triphenyl aluminum and triphenyl boron have been determined from simultaneous measurements of the rate of mass effusion and torsional recoil. For triphenyl aluminum the measured vapor presures are expressed by the equations:

logio (P_k/P°) = (12.76 ± 1.25) - (8214 ± 572) (K/T)

logio (P_t/p °) = (12.83 ± 1.34) - (8206 ± 615) (K/T)

where P_k and P_t are the pressures measured by the Knudsen-effusion and torsional-recoil techniques, respectively, and p° = 101.325 kP_a. For triphenyl boron the measured vapor pressures are expressed by the equations:

log …

Laser Pump And Probe Excited State Absorption Measurements, Shawpin Jong

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A pump and probe technique was used to investigate triplet-triplet excited state absorption in solutions of the scintillators 2,5 diphenyloxazole (PPO) and 2,1 naphthyl,5 phenylzole (a-NPO) in several solvents.

KrF excimer radiation (248 nm) was used to pump the samples under investigation as well as a tunable dye laser which was used as the probe. Time-resolution was obtained by changing the optical path difference between the pump and probe beams.

Transient excited state absorption was measured in a wide spectral region between 330 nm and 600 nm, showing a peak at 400 nm for PPO solutions, and two …

Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Analysis Of Catalysts: Comparison And Evaluation Of Models, H. Brumberger, F. Delaglio, Jerry Goodisman, M. Whitfield

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can be used to obtain interphase surface areas of a system, such as a supported-metal catalyst, composed of internally homogeneous phases with sharp interphase boundaries. Measurements of SAXS for samples of porous silica, alumina, platinum on silica, and platinum on alumina are reported. A variety of models and forms for the correlation function, the Fourier transform of which gives the X-ray scattering, are considered, and theoretical and measured intensities are compared. A criterion of fit for comparing models with different numbers of parameters is proposed. It is shown that values for the single interphase surface area …

Analysis Of Slit-Distorted Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Intensities Without Desmearing, Jerry Goodisman, F. Delaglio, H. Brumberger

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Experimental small-angle X-ray scattering intensities, generated from a primary beam of known intensity profile, are often 'desmeared' to obtain point-collimated intensities. A much simpler way is shown of using the known beam intensity profile to derive, from the experimental scattering intensity, the quantities required for calculation of surface areas.

Anomalous Concentrations Of Co-58 And Cs-137 In Dardanelle Reservoir, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The unforseen occurrence of significant concentrations of Co-58 and Cs-1 37 in a quiescent backwater of Dardanelle Reservoir provided an opportunity to observe the equilibrium distribution of Cs-1 37 between solution and suspended solids. This equilibrium has not been observed in other areas of the reservoir because small amounts of this nuclide are regularly injected into the lake by the AP&L Nuclear I facility. The systematics of the Co-58 concentration lead to the conclusion that significant amounts of these two nuclides had been injected into the sampling area from a source unknown.

Chemical Applications Of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Paul West, John Kramer, David V. Baxter, Robert J. Cave, John D. Baldeschwieler

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The development of a scanning tunneling microscope at the California Institute of Technology is well under way. Electron tunneling has been demonstrated, and preliminary surface images of gold films have been obtained. Additional instrumental development is required to achieve the atomic resolution which is required for the study of chemical processes on surfaces. A theoretical model is also being developed for the study of tunneling of electrons from the probe to surfaces with molecular species absorbed, and with atomic and molecular species intervening between the probe and the surface. These experimental tools and theoretical models, which are being developed concurrently, …

Mutual Orientation Effects On Electron-Transfer Reactions Between Porphyrins, Robert J. Cave, Paul Siders, R.A. Marcus

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

Mutual orientation effects on the rate of nonadiabatic electron transfer between several diporphyrin pairs of experimental interest are examined. The electronic matrix element for electron transfer is calculated within a one-electron spheroidal model for a variety of states and orientations which are relevant to both biological and synthetic electron-transfer systems. Both the mutual orientation of the pairs and the nodal structure of the donor and acceptor orbitals can have large effects on calculated rates.

Electrochemical Studies Of Transition Metal Carbonyls, Dwayne Edward Cooper

Masters Theses

The electrochemical oxidation of (OC)₅MP-PM'(CO)₅ (M=Cr, Mo, W; M'=Cr, Mo, W; M=M' or M≠M'; P-P=Ph₂PCH₂CH₂PPh₂) and the reduction of the oxidized products in a 0.1 M tetrabutyl-ammonium perchlorate methylene chloride solution at a platinum disc working electrode with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode have been studied. The number of electrons in the oxidation step was determined by comparison with the one electron oxidation of ferrocene which had a peak potential at +0.15 V.

The cyclic voltammograms of the homobimetallic and heterobimetallic complexes display two general chacteristics: quasi-reversible or irreversible one …

Synthesis Of Phosphine Trans-Substituted Derivatives Of Iron Pentacarbonyl, Karl Heinz Hecker

Masters Theses

The synthesis of trans-Fe (CO)₃(PR₃)₂ (PR₃ = PPh₃, PPh₂Me, PPh₂CHCH₂, P(c-C₆H₁₁)₃, P(n-C₄H₉)₃, PPh₂H) can be achieved by refluxing iron pentacarbonyl under reducing conditions in the presence of ligand in 1-butanol. Addition of iron pentacarbonyl to a 1-butanol solution of sodium borohydride at room temperature results in a quantitative conversion of the iron carbonyl complex to the corresponding mononuclear formyl complex. Upon heating the initially formed formyl species decomposes to form the …

Syntheses And Electrochemistry Of Monosubstituted Carbonyl Complexes Of Low Valent Ruthenium, Nor Azowa Ibrahim

Masters Theses

The reactions of Ph₂MeP and PhMe₂P with (PPh₃)₄RuCl₂ yield (PPh₂Me)₄RuCl₂ and (PPhMe₂)₄RuCl₂, respectively. These complexes have been shown by conductivity studies to be dissociated in acetonitrile and exist as [(PPh₂Me)₄RuCl(CH₃CN)]Cl and [(PPhMe₂)₄RuCl(CH₃CN)]Cl. When carbon monoxide was bubbled into these solutions, monocarbonyl complexes were obtained. Elemental analyses, ¹H NMR, ³¹P NMR, infrared spectroscopy, conductivity measurements, and polarography were used to analyse the products, (PPh₂Me)_{2 …}

Enhancement Of Ether Cleaving Reactions By Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding, Nobumi Takemura

Masters Theses

Rate constants of cleavages of fourteen alkyl-aryl ethers with HI, KI, or LiI in pyridine at 50-150°C were determined under pseudo first order conditions. The following ethers which have a six-membered ring intramolecular hydrogen bond underwent a bimolecular nucleophilic displacement by iodide ion in pyridine: 8-methoxy-1-naphthalenol, 8-ethoxy-1-naphthalenol, 2-methoxybenzoic acid, and 2-hydroxybenzyl methyl ether. The following ethers which lack a six-membered ring hydrogen bond were not cleaved or underwent cleavage slowly compared with the hydrogen bonded compounds: 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene, 1,8-diethoxynaphthalene, 1-methoxynaphthalene, 4-methoxybenzoic acid, methyl 2-methoxybenzoate, 2-methoxybenzyl methyl ether, and 4-methoxybenzyl methyl ether. The pattern of ether reactivity indicated that a six-membered ring …

Biomarker Geochemistry Of The Miocene Monterey Formation, West San Joaquin Basin, California: Implications For Petroleum Generation, Michael A. Kruge

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Much of the Miocene Monterey Formation of California is rich in biogenic sediment, especially organic matter and silica. Because of the geologic structure, the Monterey in the subsurface near Lost Hills in the San Joaquin Basin forms a natural laboratory for the study of the diagenetic responses of these materials. Rocks of similar age and lithology are buried to depths ranging between 500 and 3500 m, and are thus exposed to a temperature range of 45–130°C. The diagenetic progression of silica from opal-A to opal-CT to microquartz is well-documented in Monterey burial history studies. However, diagenetic indicators need to be …