Digital Commons Network^™

The Impact Of Board Heterogeneity On Corporate Internationalization Strategy, Yi Qiang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This study analyzes the relationship between board heterogeneity and the company’s internationalization strategy to determine the internal mechanism through which board heterogeneity affects the company’s internationalization strategy. Based on the analysis of the primary effect, the moderating effects of contextual factors at various levels, such as individual, organization, and environment, are introduced. Subsequently, this study empirically tests the proposed research hypothesis using the data of Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020.

The empirical results indicate that board heterogeneity has a positive impact on the company’s internationalization strategy. When the board chairman is female or has a longer tenure, board …

Deceptive Appeals And Cognitive Influences Used In Fraudulent Scheme Sales Pitches, Rafael J. Toledo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fraud schemes exploit the complex interplay that results from utilizing deceptive appeals to activate underlying cognitive influences. This study was designed, first, to identify the deceptive appeals present in the messaging of fraudulent schemes and, second, to identify the underlying cognitive influences being exploited by the deceptive appeals utilized. Findings reveal that effectively used deceptive appeals work to keep viewers’ mental processes in a state of cognitive ease. This state allows cognitive influences--such as heuristics, cognitive biases, and the System 1 mind--to remain in control of mental processing; however, System 1 is prone to accept deceptive beliefs. The results of …

P-01 Financial Reporting Fraud: How Merger And Acquisition Complexity Provide Greater Opportunities For Ceos To Engage In Wrongdoing, Carmelita J. Troy, Jong Chool Park, Madeline Domino

Celebration of Research and Creative Scholarship

Using mergers and acquisitions (M&As) as a proxy to increase organizational complexity, we build upon Schnatterly et al.’s (2018) framework to addresses the gap in the management literature relating to how major firm disruptions, such as M&As, provide greater opportunities to entrenched CEOs for financial statement fraud due to higher levels of complexity. We extend the research on complexity-based information asymmetries (Ndofor et al. 2015) by empirically investigating whether accounting fraud is linked to M&As using a diverse set of variables. We propose the complex nature of M&A transactions result in higher information asymmetry, which provides a “veil” for self-interested …

The Implications Of Fraud On Non-Shareholder Stakeholders, Chasen P. Spicer

Senior Theses

Popular news outlets such as The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal frequently release articles detailing the financial losses incurred by shareholders of a company that have recently been publicly exposed for their fraudulent activities (Shumsky, 2018; Whitmire, 2005). Given that shareholders are visibly impacted by fraud, it is also reasonable to believe that other stakeholders experience repercussions from the fraudulent activities carried out by the company (Velikonja, 2013). To provide more insight into the implications of fraud incurred by non-shareholder stakeholders, I conduct a case study analysis of HealthSouth’s various fraudulent activities between the years of 1997 …

Does The Financial Experience Of Sec Regional Directors Impact Sec Investigations Into Reporting Entities?, James Justin Blann

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The SEC’s Division of Enforcement is frequently criticized for its lack of oversight effectiveness, and certain vocal critics attribute this to a lack of financial experience within the SEC. Using hand-collected data on SEC regional directors, I find that the majority of these SEC officials lack financial experience. I then examine whether the financial experience of SEC regional directors impacts SEC investigations into reporting entities. Consistent with financial experience equipping directors to better process complex financial transactions and reports, I find that directors with financial experience open public company investigations 29 percent more often and conduct these investigations 34 percent …

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques, Nermin Samy Elhusseny, Shimaa Mohamed Ouf, Amira M. Idrees Ami

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

This is a systematic literature review to reflect the previous studies that dealt with credit card fraud detection and highlight the different machine learning techniques to deal with this problem. Credit cards are now widely utilized daily. The globe has just begun to shift toward financial inclusion, with marginalized people being introduced to the financial sector. As a result of the high volume of e-commerce, there has been a significant increase in credit card fraud. One of the most important parts of today's banking sector is fraud detection. Fraud is one of the most serious concerns in terms of monetary …

Hexagon Fraud In Fraudulent Financial Statements: The Moderating Role Of Audit Committee, Dwiyanjana Santyo Nugroho, Vera Diyanty

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This paper aims to examine the effect of the fraud hexagon on fraudulent financial statements (FFS), and the audit committee (AC)'s role in moderating this relation. The research model uses logit regression with data on all non-financial companies in Indonesia ranging from 2016 to 2020, which were obtained from annual reports and Thomson Reuters. The sensitivity test uses a coefficient difference test based on the Overall Manipulation Index. This study shows that the probability of FFS is higher when the manager has the stimulus, opportunity, and capability. On the other hand, rationalization and collusion do not affect the probability of …

2022-06-16 Board Of Regents Bylaws - Revised, Morehead State University. Board Of Regents.

Morehead State Board of Regents Agenda Books and Meeting Minutes

Revised Morehead State University Board of Regents Bylaws approved on June 16, 2022.

White-Collar Crime: Diversity And Discrimination In Sentencing, Rachel Labrie

Honors Projects

White-collar crimes cause businesses and individuals to lose billions of dollars a year. This paper discusses the criminal justice system in regard to the white-collar crime and discrimination by the basis of gender and race within sentencing. First an analysis is given on who commits white-collar crimes, by looking at the rates and motives of those committing white-collar crimes on the basis of first gender and race. An analysis through literature review compares sentencing of females and people of color compared with the rates of white males who make up the majority of those committing white-collar crimes. The findings suggest …

Earnings Management In Response To Fair Treatment: The Roles Of Organizational Identity And Moral Identity, Kimberly M. Bates

Management Dissertations - Archive

Fraud continues to be an issue that organizations face globally, losing an estimated 5% of annual revenue for a total of $4.5 trillion globally. However, fraudulent behavior is difficult to study due to the unacceptable nature of it. I provide researchers with an adapted measure of earnings management that mitigates the socially undesirable act of earnings management which can suppress findings in self-reported studies. Additionally, based on the target similarity model, my dissertation considers accountants’ perception of fair treatment by the organization on willingness to engage in earnings management benefiting the organization. I survey 123 financial and managerial accountants to …

In Sickness And In Health: Effects Of Covid-19 On Felony Crime In Washington County, Arkansas, Layne Roberts

Economics Undergraduate Honors Theses

This research explores potential connections to the COVID-19 pandemic and felony crime levels, as seen in the categories of business crimes, domestic violence, and theft. The COVID-19 pandemic has rearranged what was previously known about the world, in every aspect of life. From jobs to public life to even government, at every level worldwide there was a fundamental change. Therefore, it stands to reason that crime was also affected by this massive shift in the overall state of being. This research examines how much of an effect there was on crime rates in Washington County, Arkansas by measuring amounts and …

Analyzation Of Audit Procedures In The Wake Of The Early 2000s Accounting Scandals, Zachary Byar

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

Enron, WorldCom, and Tyco International were companies that operated in different industries and had different levels of net profit for decades. However, these companies had one pivotal thing in common: accounting fraud. In the early 2000s, accounting scandals from large companies created a major impact on the financial markets, causing Congress to take action to increase investor protection through the origination of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Act was meant to restore investor confidence through strengthened disclosures and auditing requirements for public corporations. However, even with the creation of this new Act from Congress, fraud is still prevalent today, …

Corporate Directors: Who They Are, What They Do, Cyber Risk And Other Challenges, Lawrence J. Trautman, Seletha Butler, Frederick R. Chang, Michele Hooper, Rom Mccray, Ruth Simmons

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Financial Literacy And Consumer Protection: A Road Map To Digital Financial Access By Smes In Kenya, Salome M. Musau Dr., Stephen M. Muathe Dr., Lucy W. Mwangi Dr.

The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

This paper seeks to ascertain the influence of financial literacy and financial consumer protection on digital financial access. The objectives of the study were to find out the effect of financial literacy on digital monetary access, and to find out the effect of f consumer financial protection on digital access of finances of SMEs in Sub County of Ruiru in County government of Kiambu, Kenya. Financial Literacy Theory, Information Asymmetry Theory and Social Learning Theory are the theories that guided formulation of study’s objectives. Descriptive research design was used with the population of interest comprising of all SMEs owners in …

Integrating Machine Learning Algorithms With Quantum Annealing Solvers For Online Fraud Detection, Haibo Wang, Wendy Wang, Yi Liu, Bahram Alidaee

Faculty and Student Publications

Machine learning has been increasingly applied in identification of fraudulent transactions. However, most application systems detect duplicitous activities after they have already occurred, not at or near real time. Since spurious transactions are far fewer than the normal ones, the highly imbalanced data makes fraud detection very challenging and calls for ways to address it beyond the traditional machine learning approach. This study has proposed a detection framework, and implemented it using quantum machine learning (QML) approach by applying Support Vector Machine (SVM) enhanced with quantum annealing solvers. To evaluate its detection performance, we have further implemented twelve machine learning …

Effective Internal Control Strategies For An Enterprise Resource Planning System, Tatara Ratliff

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The lack of effective internal control over enterprise resource planning (ERP) increases risks associated with financial reporting and erroneous transactions. Business leaders who develop effective enterprise resource planning internal controls reduce the risk of fraud and improve the quality of financial reporting. Grounded in the COSO internal control framework, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies business leaders use for adequate internal controls. The participants were seven business leaders from a single business in Mississippi, the USA, who successfully employed enterprise resource planning and internal control strategies. Data were collected using semistructured interviews, observations, and …

Strategies That Financial Managers Use To Effectively Conduct Corporate-Responsible Financial Reporting, Wendelin Parker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The primary role of financial managers is to produce accurate financial reporting that shows financial health. Financial managers may experience negative effects on the financial stability of their business organizations if they do not conduct corporate-responsible financial reporting effectively. Grounded in the international accounting standards board’s framework, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies financial managers use to conduct corporate-responsible financial reporting to achieve financial stability. The participants comprised three financial managers in Georgia, US, with strategies to conduct corporate-responsible financial reporting to achieve financial stability. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, organizational documents, and …

Strategies For Banks Anti-Money Laundering/Counter-Terrorism Finance Compliance Programs To Protect Financial Systems, Pamela L. Connell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective implementation of anti-money laundering (AML) compliance programs exposes the vulnerability of banks’ and increases the threats of money laundering and terrorist financing. The banking community must address the threat of money laundering and terrorism finance to protect the global financial system from abuse. Grounded in the fraud management lifecycle theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies to reduce threats of money laundering and terrorist financing. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, a review of bank policy documents, and previous Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) cases. The participants comprised six BSA/AML compliance officers at banks …

Strategies For Developing And Implementing Internal Controls For Mitigating Retail Consumer Fraud, Anna Marie Foye

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The lack of consumer fraud internal controls can destroy a small business. Small retail business owners who do not practice good internal controls are susceptible to early failure. Using the fraud triangle theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies small retail business owners use to develop and implement internal controls for mitigating retail consumer fraud. Participants consisted of four small retail business owners in the Southeastern United States who practiced effective internal controls. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and financial documents and analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes emerged: financials, monitoring, and segregation …

Strategies For Improving The Effectiveness Of Internal Control Processes In Nonprofit Organizations, Annie Selorm Dumoga

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some leaders of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) lack financial strategies to develop and implement effective internal controls for their financial health and the continuation of their organizations’ provision of humanitarian services. The failure of leaders in NPOs to implement adequate internal controls results in insolvency, the inability to pay off debts, and threatens the ability to provide needed social services. Grounded in the Committee of Sponsoring Organization's internal control integrated framework, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies NPO leaders used to develop and implement effective internal controls for their organization's financial health and ability to …

Strategies Small-Business Leaders Use To Prevent Employee Fraud, Israel Chand

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee fraud is a crime committed against an employer and results in the loss of a small business's assets, revenues, and reputation. Leaders of small businesses who fail to prevent employee fraud may experience decreased profitability and reputational loss in their community. Grounded in Bandura’s social cogitative theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies that leaders of small businesses use to prevent employee fraud. Data were collected from five small-business leaders in the southeastern United States who applied strategies to prevent employee fraud through interviews and reviews of business documents and archival records. Applying Akinyode …

Board Gatekeepers, Yaron Nili

Faculty Scholarship

For the last decade, investors, scholars, and regulators have turned to independent directors in key leadership positions as a means to safeguard corporate boards’ ability to serve as a robust check on management’s power. As a result, a vast majority of public companies’ boards are now led by an Independent Chair, or, alternatively, include a Lead Independent Director.

These ostensible outsiders—which this Article calls “board gatekeepers”—are meant to be even more empowered and detached from management compared to the rest of the board. This allows them to serve an independent gatekeeping function—a necessary guardrail against management’s ability to exert undue …

Leveraging Maching Learning In Financial Fraud Forensics In The Age Of Cybersecurity, Md. Ariful Haque, Sachin Shetty

VMASC Publications

Financial sectors are lucrative cyber-attack targets because of their immediate financial gain. As a result, financial institutions face challenges in developing systems that can automatically identify security breaches and separate fraudulent transactions from legitimate transactions. Today, organizations widely use machine learning techniques to identify any fraudulent behavior in customers' transactions. However, machine learning techniques are often challenging because of financial institutions' confidentiality policy, leading to not sharing the customer transaction data. This chapter discusses some crucial challenges of handling cybersecurity and fraud in the financial industry and building machine learning-based models to address those challenges. The authors utilize an open-source …

Strategies To Decrease Unethical Financial Management Behavior In Nonprofit Organizations, Cristi Michelle Hargrave

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Unethical financial management leadership conduct in nonprofit organizations threatens organizational mission accomplishment. Leaders of nonprofit organizations who fail to decrease unethical financial management conduct can observe a lack of mission accomplishment in their organizations. Grounded in the stakeholder and agency theories, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies nonprofit leaders use to decrease unethical financial management conduct. Participants were three nonprofit leaders from organizations on the East Coast of the United States who implemented strategies to reduce unethical financial management conduct. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and a review of nonprofit regulatory reporting documents. …

Value Creation And The Internal Goods Of Business, Caleb Bernacchio, Robert Couch

College of Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In his early work, Moore argues that business itself was a MacIntyrean practice. He later rejected this view in response to criticisms from Beadle and others. Most subsequent work, including that of Moore, adopted a view of organizations, including firms, as institutions that house a core practice. We first recount Moore’s early view, defend and it from various criticisms. We then briefly review research in management and finance arguing that this research supports a view of business consonant with Moore’s early view. Thus, we argue that business is a distinct practice that integrates various productive and auxiliary practices to facilitate …

Social New Retailing Business Model And Its Applicable Regulatory Pattern, Rui Wang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

With the booming development of mobile Internet in China, social platforms have unlocked new channels for commodity supply chain and retailing and promoted business model innovation. Online social networking has fundamentally changed the way the entire society communicates. Social networking is no longer constrained by space, social platforms have become a stage for many ordinary people to showcase themselves, and the popularity of mobile payment has made mobile phones the wallets of Chinese residents as well. The innovative contents and interaction styles delivered by social software have triggered a qualitative change in the efficiency of everyone's communication and interaction, making …

Strategies That Retail Business Owners Use To Prevent And Reduce Employee Theft, Mohammed Alcobary

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Retail business owners suffer billions of dollars in financial loss from employee theft and fraud activities, which impacts a retail business owner’s ability to remain financially stable and profitable. Retail business leaders are accountable for employee theft because employee theft goes beyond the financial loss to impact business failure and the organization’s loss of reputation. Grounded in Cressey’s fraud triangle theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies retail business leaders use to prevent and mitigate employee theft. Participants included six retail business leaders in Nigeria who had successfully used strategies to prevent and reduce …

The Moderating Effect Of Stock Price On The Relationship Between Earnings Quality And Dividend Payments : A Study Of Thai Listed Companies, Jirayu Boonyuen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research paper has the objective to investigate and examine the basic relationship on the dividend policy and the earnings quality of companies in Thai stock market, by covering all the industries. The proxies for the earning qualities include a total of four proxies which are earnings persistence, accruals quality, earnings informativeness, and timely loss recognition. Moreover, this research paper also further examines the incentive of dividend policy of companies under Thai stock market by applying the dividend signaling Theory and the information content of dividends hypothesis. The incentive of dividend policy can be viewed as the signal sending by …

A Qualitative Study On Predictive Models In Accounting Fraud Detection, Anthony Cecil

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Companies lose an estimated 5% of revenue each year due to occupational fraud. This level of fraud can significantly disrupt the capital markets and cause companies to go bankrupt. Unless organizations, the government, and the accounting profession develop a systematic approach for accounting fraud detection, investors and employees will continue to lose money. This study explored subject matter experts’ perceptions of building and deploying artificial intelligence and predictive models to detect accounting fraud. This case study consisted of interviews with 10 participants with expertise in predictive modeling, auditing, and investigating, as well as a systematic literature review of research and …

An Exploration Of Internal Control Deficiencies And Their Impact On Fraud In Local Churches In Nigeria, Samuel Eze

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This research study explores the impact of internal control deficiencies on fraud in local churches in Nigeria and provides church leaders, trusted church members, employees, and volunteers with the necessary tools to guard church funds and assets from fraud and waste of resources. The researcher designed the study to answer six research questions addressed with 16 semi-structured interview questions and the outcome was obtained from 17 church leaders, ministers, employees, and volunteers of local churches in the Enugu area, Nigeria. The six themes that emerged from the study include accountability and stewardship, good internal control procedures, segregation of duties, disciplinary …