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Examining A Regulatory Flexibility Framework Of Psychological Distress: Integrating Distress Tolerance, Emotion Differentiation, And Emotion Regulation Flexibility, Germaine Yue Qi Tng Jul 2024

Examining A Regulatory Flexibility Framework Of Psychological Distress: Integrating Distress Tolerance, Emotion Differentiation, And Emotion Regulation Flexibility, Germaine Yue Qi Tng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Several theoretical accounts identify emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, including poor abilities to withstand or distinguish negative emotions, as a transdiagnostic risk factor for symptoms of psychological distress. Considering this, nascent evidence hints that ER flexibility may be a mediating mechanism that explains the relationship between specific ER abilities (i.e., distress tolerance, negative emotion differentiation) and distress symptoms. Across time-lagged (Study 1) and three-wave longitudinal (Study 2) investigations of college-aged adults, a regulatory flexibility framework of distress was examined in which ER flexibility mediates the respective pathways from distress tolerance and negative emotion differentiation to psychological distress symptoms. Furthermore, we explored …


The Effects Of Relational Human Resource Management: A Moderated Mediation Model Of Positive Affective Climate And Collective Occupational Calling, Pingshu Li, Yuanmei (Elly) Qu, Mengwei Li, Patrick E. Downes, Guofeng Wang Jul 2024

The Effects Of Relational Human Resource Management: A Moderated Mediation Model Of Positive Affective Climate And Collective Occupational Calling, Pingshu Li, Yuanmei (Elly) Qu, Mengwei Li, Patrick E. Downes, Guofeng Wang

Management Faculty Publications

Relationship-oriented human resource management (HRM) contributes to organizational functioning by promoting employee relationships, coordination, and cooperation. We propose unit-level positive affective climate as a motivational mechanism through which relationship-oriented HR systems can positively influence unit service quality and relationships with beneficiaries, and prevent individual emotional exhaustion. Moreover, we propose collective occupational calling serves as an alternative motivational source that can substitute for the positive effects of positive affective climate. In analyzing a sample composed of 742 nurses from 48 nursing units of two hospitals in China with data collection at three time points before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, our …


Three Essays On Environmental, Social, And Governance (Esg), Zhengwei Fu Jul 2024

Three Essays On Environmental, Social, And Governance (Esg), Zhengwei Fu

Theses and Dissertations

This abstract synthesizes findings from three studies examining the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG). In essay one, using environmental regulatory enforcement data from EPA, I find that facility-level political connections are positively related to the likelihood of experiencing environmental regulatory enforcement. The effect is mainly driven by political connections related to Democratic senators. Consequently, politically connected facilities reduce their air pollution. The effect of political connection is diminished when the authority of senators over environmental regulatory enforcement becomes weaker after the 2017 presidential election. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that the impact of political connection is stronger in states with …


Work-Life Balance Fantasy Logics Of Mothers Working In Community Colleges: A Glitch Methodology Using Intimate Inquiry And Aesthetic Mediation, Emily Hanson Moore Jul 2024

Work-Life Balance Fantasy Logics Of Mothers Working In Community Colleges: A Glitch Methodology Using Intimate Inquiry And Aesthetic Mediation, Emily Hanson Moore

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Theses & Dissertations

This post-qualitative study explores work-life balance as a sustaining fantasy produced by neoliberal, patriarchal, productivity-driven systems and how this fantasy manifests affectively for mothers who work in community colleges. The study began by contextualizing the work-life balance fantasy within higher education as a gendered workscape. Using intimate inquiry (Laura, 2013) and aesthetic meditation as the primary approaches, the researcher engaged in conversations with participants about their experiences mothering and working in community colleges. The primary data sources were these conversations, participant artifacts, researcher self-reflection and artifacts, and a range of contemporary cultural texts including podcasts, poetry, television, social media posts …


Who Profits From Trading Options?, Jianfeng Hu, Antonia Kirilova, Gilbert Seongkyu Park, Doojin Ryu Jul 2024

Who Profits From Trading Options?, Jianfeng Hu, Antonia Kirilova, Gilbert Seongkyu Park, Doojin Ryu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We use account-level transaction data to examine trading styles and profitability in a leading derivatives market. Approximately 66% of active retail investors predominantly hold simple, one-sided positions in only one class of options, whereas institutional investors are more likely to use complex strategies. Hypothesizing that the complexity of trading styles reflects investors' skills, we examine the effect of options trading styles on investment performance. We find that retail investors using simple strategies lose to the rest of the market. For both retail and institutional investors, selling volatility is the most successful strategy. We conclude that these style effects are persistent …


A Comparative Study Of Local And Global Construction Materials Sourcing Strategies For Road Projects In Nigeria, Araoye Olarinkoye Ajiboye, Micaiah Zhitsu Silas, Chinedu Chimdi Adindu, Elijah Aina Alhassan, Stephen Sunday Kolo Jun 2024

A Comparative Study Of Local And Global Construction Materials Sourcing Strategies For Road Projects In Nigeria, Araoye Olarinkoye Ajiboye, Micaiah Zhitsu Silas, Chinedu Chimdi Adindu, Elijah Aina Alhassan, Stephen Sunday Kolo

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This study is a comparative analysis of local and global sourcing strategies to determine the impact of strategic material sourcing on road construction project performance. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of material-sourcing strategies on the performance of road construction companies in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was used, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative research. Data collection involved sampling techniques using structured questionnaires and oral interviews. Regression analysis evaluated the relationship between strategic material sourcing and road construction performance. The results revealed that 87.5% of the materials used by road construction companies in the study areas were sourced from the …


The Use Of Sustainable Energy Resources In Accommodation Businesses: The Case Of Hakkâri, Murat Tamer Jun 2024

The Use Of Sustainable Energy Resources In Accommodation Businesses: The Case Of Hakkâri, Murat Tamer

Journal of Mediterranean Tourism Research

This study addresses the utilization of sustainable energy resources. It aims to uncover the initiatives taken by the accommodation businesses in Hakkâri to use sustainable energy resources. To achieve this, a field study was carried out in the Center, Çukurova, and Yüksekova Districts of the city by employing qualitative research methodologies involving interviews. In-depth interviews were conducted with a study group comprised of five managers selected through non-random snowball sampling. The data collected from the field were subjected to descriptive analysis and presented within the thematic framework. The findings revealed that accommodation businesses are not only concentrated on water conservation …


The Influence Of Social Media Marketing On Repurchase Intention Through Brand Awareness And Perceived Value In Haus Product, Ogan Kaiwa, Lilik Noor Yuliati, Popong Nurhayati Jun 2024

The Influence Of Social Media Marketing On Repurchase Intention Through Brand Awareness And Perceived Value In Haus Product, Ogan Kaiwa, Lilik Noor Yuliati, Popong Nurhayati

ASEAN Marketing Journal

Manuscript type: Research article

Research Aims: This research aims to analyze the influence of social media marketing on repurchase intention through brand awareness and perceived value of Haus products

Design/methodology/approach: Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires online using Google Forms. This research method uses quantitative with a total of 200 respondents who are at least 17 years old, have purchased Haus products, are Instagram users, and know or have visited the Haus Instagram social media account. Sampling was carried out using the voluntary sampling method.

Research Findings: The result shows that social media marketing has a positive and …


Comparison Of The Accuracy Of Contour Data In Photogrammetric And Terrestrial Surveys, Hendra Saputra, Roma Rizki, Marhadi Sastra Jun 2024

Comparison Of The Accuracy Of Contour Data In Photogrammetric And Terrestrial Surveys, Hendra Saputra, Roma Rizki, Marhadi Sastra

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Understanding and accurately representing the Earth's surface is crucial in various scientific and practical fields. Over the past decades, measurement technology has seen remarkable advancements, offering an array of methods for recording and analyzing Earth's surface with increasing precision and efficiency. Two primary approaches have risen to the forefront of this field: the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and terrestrial measurements using a Total Station. Although both technologies offer unique advantages and constraints, a comprehensive direct comparison between these two methods often remains an underexplored area. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) represents the height of the ground surface resulting from acquisition …


Critical Success Factors In Pump Production To Increase Lean Manufacturing Project Performance, I Bayu Dwianditya, Leni Sagita Riantini, Yusuf Latief Jun 2024

Critical Success Factors In Pump Production To Increase Lean Manufacturing Project Performance, I Bayu Dwianditya, Leni Sagita Riantini, Yusuf Latief

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Floods represent a significant global disaster, occurring more frequently and causing severe damage. The effective production of pumps is crucial in supporting flood infrastructure projects. Lean Manufacturing (LM) and Project Management (PM) approaches must be incorporated to improve pump production manufacturing. Therefore, this study aims to identify the critical success factors that enhance LM performance in pump production projects for flood management through surveys conducted among pump manufacturers, governmental bodies, and relevant stakeholders engaged in flood infrastructure projects. The study's results highlight the importance of understanding and analyzing project complexity, aligning pump design with project requirements, and mastering processes and …


Analyzing The Effect Of The Construction Safety Audit Model Using The Business Process Model And Notation (Bpmn) Method On Improving Communication And Collaboration Between Stakeholders., Muhammad Ghazali, Danang Budi Nugroho, Yusuf Latief Jun 2024

Analyzing The Effect Of The Construction Safety Audit Model Using The Business Process Model And Notation (Bpmn) Method On Improving Communication And Collaboration Between Stakeholders., Muhammad Ghazali, Danang Budi Nugroho, Yusuf Latief

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The significant increase in infrastructure development is directly proportional to the rising accident rate in the construction sector, making it one of the highest-risk sectors for accidents. This phenomenon indicates that existing construction safety audits have not been effective in preventing accidents, largely because audits are generally conducted only at the construction stage. Audits at the design stage, however, have the potential to impact accident prevention significantly. Therefore, this research aims to develop a construction safety audit model using the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) and analyzes the impacts on stakeholder communication and collaboration. BPMN was chosen because it …


Investigating The Relationship Among The Construction Safety Plan, Knowledge Management, Audit Process, Information System, Web, And Bim With Construction Safety Performance, Zafira Alysha Fadli, Yusuf Latief, Danang Budi Nugroho Jun 2024

Investigating The Relationship Among The Construction Safety Plan, Knowledge Management, Audit Process, Information System, Web, And Bim With Construction Safety Performance, Zafira Alysha Fadli, Yusuf Latief, Danang Budi Nugroho

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The rapid growth of high-rise building construction in Indonesia has led to a significant increase in accidents, necessitating a robust audit process for construction safety. This research investigates the relationship between construction safety plans (CSPs), audit processes, knowledge management (KM), information systems, the web, and BIM on construction safety performance, aiming to develop a BIM-based KM audit process. To analyze the significance level of various indicators for each variable considerable importance, a mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative insights from expert interviews with quantitative analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SmartPLS. The findings in the study reveal that the …


The Confluence, Volume3, Issue 2, Full Issue Jun 2024

The Confluence, Volume3, Issue 2, Full Issue

The Confluence

No abstract provided.


واقع ضوابط الاستثمار, Safa Fleih Jun 2024

واقع ضوابط الاستثمار, Safa Fleih

Al Jinan الجنان

This study came under the title of the reality and controls of investment in investment funds in Islamic banks in Iraq, and the problem was summarized by the following main question: What is the reality and controls of investment in investment funds in Islamic banks in Iraq? The importance of the topic is highlighted by not singling out this topic for independent research in this way according to the researcher’s knowledge, and the need of Islamic societies to study these urgent topics and know the position of Islamic Sharia regarding them, and the large number of types of investment funds …


The Impact Of Performance Management System On Learning & Development In Saudi Arabian, Moetaz Soubjaki Jun 2024

The Impact Of Performance Management System On Learning & Development In Saudi Arabian, Moetaz Soubjaki

Al Jinan الجنان

There is potential need and importance to have performance management system in Saudi Arabia among the organizations since there is more than 20 million eligible workers in all organizations and sectors this concept makes many organizations in Saudi Arabia to ignore performance management and learning and development of employees. This ignorance limits many Saudi organizations from realizing their full performance potentials because many of these expatriate workers, for instance, lack good workplace communication due to lack of many necessary skills. Professional performance management systems can have a positive impact on employee development and enhance the overall performance of an organization. …


Machine Learning For Nonprofit Organizations, Justin Holzer Jun 2024

Machine Learning For Nonprofit Organizations, Justin Holzer

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Nonprofit organizations are often looking for ways to increase efficiency while operating with limited resources. With data more readily available than in the recent past, machine learning provides powerful tools for unlocking valuable insights and enabling nonprofits to do more with limited resources. This paper explores various machine learning techniques to enhance nonprofit operations with an overview of machine learning approaches, including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, and reinforcement learning, and their potential benefits for nonprofit organizations. A practical use-case of donor prediction for fundraising is presented to demonstrate how supervised learning can be employed to identify potential repeat donors. The neural …


Nutrien V. Agreeta, Order On Def's Renewed Motion To Seal Records & Allow Redacted Filings, John J. Goger Jun 2024

Nutrien V. Agreeta, Order On Def's Renewed Motion To Seal Records & Allow Redacted Filings, John J. Goger

Superior Court of Fulton County: Metro Atlanta Business Case Division Opinions

No abstract provided.


The Impact Of Servqual On Consumers’ Satisfaction, Loyalty, And Intention To Use Online Food Delivery Services, Denni Arli, Patrick Van Esch, Scott Weaven Jun 2024

The Impact Of Servqual On Consumers’ Satisfaction, Loyalty, And Intention To Use Online Food Delivery Services, Denni Arli, Patrick Van Esch, Scott Weaven

Marketing and Hospitality, Resort and Tourism Management

Over the past five years, customer visits to restaurants have stag- nated, while online deliveries have grown significantly. Many restaurants have adapted by adopting third-party food delivery services. However, online food delivery services (OFDSs) are underrepresented in the current retail literature. This study aims to address this gap by assessing the impact of service quality on consumers’ satisfaction, loyalty, and intention to use food delivery services. Specifically, we investigated whether customers were more loyal to restaurants or online food delivery services (OFDSs). We recruited 475 respondents who had used online food delivery services. This study analyzed the data using partial …


Influencers: The Power Of Comments, Cristina Nistor, Matthew Selove Jun 2024

Influencers: The Power Of Comments, Cristina Nistor, Matthew Selove

Business Faculty Articles and Research

Many customers choose products based on information from social media influencers. Companies can pay these influencers to promote their products. We develop a model in which customers read an influencer’s sponsored post for a mix of entertainment and product information, and those who purchase the product can leave comments for future customers. We derive conditions in which a large celebrity influencer endorses all products, whereas a microinfluencer adopts a policy of endorsing only high-quality products. In equilibrium, the microinfluencer screens for high-quality products so his followers do not waste time reading informative comments about low-quality products. By contrast, the celebrity …


Where's My Compass? Navigating Uncertainty With Business Planning Tools For Performing Arts Graduates - A Teaching Case Study, Steven Sparling Jun 2024

Where's My Compass? Navigating Uncertainty With Business Planning Tools For Performing Arts Graduates - A Teaching Case Study, Steven Sparling

Journal of Arts Entrepreneurship Education

This teaching case study looks at the phenomenon of musical theatre students graduating in spring 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic shut down both their graduation showcase opportunities and the majority of the audition and work opportunities that would normally be available to graduate performers. In both cases presented, the actors set up small businesses-- in bookkeeping and video production, respectively-- that allowed them to generate income to keep themselves afloat while preserving their primary identity as artists despite challenging market conditions. The accompanying Instructor's Manual uses SWOT Analysis and the Ansoff Matrix as tools to assist students in analyzing the …


Am I Underpaid Because I Am An Immigrant? Exploring The Lived Experiences Of The Skilled Temporary Worker Visa Holders In Stem Occupations In The American Workplace, Aynur Charkasova, Ahmed Al-Asfour Jun 2024

Am I Underpaid Because I Am An Immigrant? Exploring The Lived Experiences Of The Skilled Temporary Worker Visa Holders In Stem Occupations In The American Workplace, Aynur Charkasova, Ahmed Al-Asfour

Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development

Whether documented or undocumented, migrant workers have always been in the center of significant debate in the United States. The presence of high-skilled immigrant workers receives constant attention amid immigration policy discussions. In the United States, the demand for temporary workers has doubled since the 1990s, particularly in the wake of the technology boom. Many employers have found temporary worker visa programs useful for hiring foreign talent in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) occupations. While skilled immigration provides benefits for the American workforce, there are concerns about the impact of skilled immigration on native workers and wage inequality.This study …


The Impact Of Human-Ai Relationship Perception On Voice Shopping Intentions, Marisa Tschopp, Kai Sassenberg Jun 2024

The Impact Of Human-Ai Relationship Perception On Voice Shopping Intentions, Marisa Tschopp, Kai Sassenberg

Human-Machine Communication

In the emerging field of voice shopping with quasi-sales agents like Amazon's Alexa, we investigated the influence of perceived human-AI relationships (i.e., authority ranking, market pricing, peer bonding) on (voice-)shopping intentions. In our cross-sectional survey among experienced voice shoppers, we tested hypotheses specifically differentiating voice shopping for low- and high-involvement products. The results emphasized the importance of socio-emotional elements (i.e., peer bonding) for voice shopping for high-involvement products. While calculative decision-making (i.e., market pricing) was less relevant, the master-servant relationship perception (i.e., authority ranking) was important in low-involvement shopping. An exploratory analysis of users’ desired benefits of voice shopping reinforces …


Sentiment Analysis In Relation To Jordan’S Churches - For The Promotion Of Christian Pilgrimage And Religious Tourism In Jordan, Malek Bader Jun 2024

Sentiment Analysis In Relation To Jordan’S Churches - For The Promotion Of Christian Pilgrimage And Religious Tourism In Jordan, Malek Bader

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Jordan has many famous tourist destinations of Christian importance, but it is unable to attract many Christian pilgrimage tourists. With churches being the epicenter for Christian pilgrimage tourists, an effort was made to understand the sentiments of the people towards the churches of Jordan. A VADER sentiment analysis was performed on 1,758 tweets after biased data removal and data pre-processing of Twitter data for one year. The results showed that 56% of people had positive sentiments, 27% had neutral sentiments, and only 17% had negative sentiments towards the churches of Jordan. The most frequently appearing words in the total word …


Business Operators’ Perception Of The Impact Of The Portuguese Way Of St. James, Paula Remoaldo, Eduardo Duque, Vítor Ribeiro, José Cadima Ribeiro, Hélder Silva Lopes, Sandro Ferreira, Cátia Faria Jun 2024

Business Operators’ Perception Of The Impact Of The Portuguese Way Of St. James, Paula Remoaldo, Eduardo Duque, Vítor Ribeiro, José Cadima Ribeiro, Hélder Silva Lopes, Sandro Ferreira, Cátia Faria

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This research aims to analyse business operators’ perception of the impact of the Portuguese Way of St. James and to assess the landscape situation along a total section of 115 kilometres. Perceptions were collected in a survey of 112 small operators between 2020 and 2021. The diversity and singular components of the landscape make it a pleasant route to experience, where pilgrims have the possibility to improve wellbeing, and enjoy the landscape. Operators have profited from the significant increase in the number of pilgrims walking along the Way and claim that they aim to continue their operations.


Emerging Themes Regarding Customer Perception Of A Third-Party Online Food Delivery Provider And The Implications For Operators, Shian-Lih Chen Mccain, Jeff Lolli, Emma Liu Jun 2024

Emerging Themes Regarding Customer Perception Of A Third-Party Online Food Delivery Provider And The Implications For Operators, Shian-Lih Chen Mccain, Jeff Lolli, Emma Liu

Journal of Applied Marketing Theory

This study discusses third-party online food delivery providers' (OFDPs) continuing dominance post-pandemic and provides recommendations for providers and foodservice operators by analyzing customer comments regarding a third-party OFDP. Thematic Analysis, a data-driven inductive approach, was applied in this study to identify four emergent themes. 1) App Technology- Oriented Quality Attributes, 2) App Service-Oriented Quality Attributes, 3) Delivery Person’s Performance, and 4) Restaurant Food Quality. Technology-Oriented Quality Attributes had the highest frequency of mentions (533), followed by Deliverer’s Performance (531), Service-Oriented Quality Attributes (524), and Restaurant Food Quality (115) for a total of 1,703 mentions of which 461(27%) were positive and …


When Consumer Brand Advocacy Goes Bad: A Study Of Key Drivers Of Extreme, Negative Activism, Esta D. Shah, Julia E. Blose, Reagan C. Kilpatrick Jun 2024

When Consumer Brand Advocacy Goes Bad: A Study Of Key Drivers Of Extreme, Negative Activism, Esta D. Shah, Julia E. Blose, Reagan C. Kilpatrick

Journal of Applied Marketing Theory

This paper uses an active, two-party political landscape in the U.S. as a testing ground to study the effects of an individual’s level of perceived political identification, fantasy proneness, and conspiracy mentality as possible antecedents of extreme, negative activism (e.g. attacking a police officer) undertaken to protect one’s brand community. Two independent, national surveys conducted one week prior to the November 2020 presidential election (N=481) and again in March 2021 after the presidential transition (N=465) allowed us to study the relationship between the three variables among U.S. citizens with liberal or conservative perceived political identifications, and measure likelihood to engage …


The New China Model: Combating Economic And Political Order, Jack R. Swords Jun 2024

The New China Model: Combating Economic And Political Order, Jack R. Swords

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Contemporary world politics centers around the actions of the two largest powers on Earth, the United States and China. They are both each other’s greatest adversary yet at the same time are each other’s largest trading partners. This thesis explores the nature of China’s economic climate that has seen it grow to one of the world’s foremost powers. However, the East Asian Nation faces economic challenges centered around the three D’s: Debt, Deflation, and Demographics. This thesis analyses what the nature of these challenges are and how China is responding to them within the ever-advancing world of economic and political …


Assessing Smart Nation Singapore As An International Model For Ai Responsibility, Philip L. Frana Jun 2024

Assessing Smart Nation Singapore As An International Model For Ai Responsibility, Philip L. Frana

International Journal on Responsibility

While AI and other smart technologies greatly contribute to material aspects of well-being, there are concerns that they threaten quality of life in Singapore. Smart technologies and digital governance have freed up labor for activities where human empathy and understanding are unique and indispensable, but also threaten to undermine human dignity and accountability. This paper undertakes a comprehensive assessment of Singapore as an international model for AI responsibility from the perspective of the history and philosophy of technological governance. It examines the evolution of regulatory frameworks, ethical considerations, and key legal documents and social initiatives shaping the nation’s approach to …


The Perpetual Challenges Of Nonprofit Board Governance And Its' Impact On Operations, Gala U. Harvell Jun 2024

The Perpetual Challenges Of Nonprofit Board Governance And Its' Impact On Operations, Gala U. Harvell

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) exist to provide societal benefits to the community and improve the quality of life. The chief executive officers (CEO) or executive directors (ED) are the executive leaders who ensure the organization follows the strategic direction the board of directors developed. The directors have a fiduciary responsibility to the organization and stakeholders to provide financial oversight, strategic management, and guidance on policies and procedures. Ensuring effective board governance occurs requires members to understand their roles and responsibilities as directors. This qualitative constructivism study included determining the effects of board governance on operations. The participants comprised two groups: (1) …


The Nexus Of Passive-Avoidant Leadership And Deviancy: Exploring Job Embeddedness, Anthony Maurice Da Silva Jun 2024

The Nexus Of Passive-Avoidant Leadership And Deviancy: Exploring Job Embeddedness, Anthony Maurice Da Silva

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, employers have experienced unprecedented changes in the workforce, including labor shortages and new legislation. As a result, many organizations, known as second-chance employers, proactively seek alternative talent sources to mitigate staffing shortages, including hiring candidates with criminal backgrounds, either voluntarily or as mandated by law. However, this approach has challenges; individuals with criminal records often lack essential support upon reentry and experience an increased risk of reoffending. Although existing literature indicates that the appropriate leadership style is crucial for behavior correction, there is a gap in the literature addressing employees who work for …