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Identification Of Mushroom Mycelia Using Dna Techniques, Mhs Muruke, Ak Kivaisi, Fss Magingo, E Danell

Tanzania Journal of Science

The suitability of using DNA techniques in the determination of relatedness of mushroom fruiting bodies to isolated mycelia was examined. Nine isolates of edible mushroom mycelia of general Oudemansiella, Coprinus and Pleurotus were identified using fruiting bodies as references. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in conbination with Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RLFP) analyses were carried out on fruiting bodies and mycelia of the isolates. The internally transcribed spacer region (ITS) and ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) was amplified using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The RLFP analysis was carried out on the regions amplified by PCR from fruiting bodies and the mycelia was …

Sources And Diagenetic Alteration Of Organic Matter In Coastal Waters At The Vicinity Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Ann Muzuka

Tanzania Journal of Science

The stable isotope compositions of organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen, contents of OC and nitrogen, and C/N ratios for four short cores, which were recovered from Msansani Bay (WO 57), off Msimbazi River (WO 76) and Dar es Salaam harbour (WO 62 and WO 74), are used to document temporal variation in the sources and diagenetic alteration of organic matter (OM). The δ15N and δ13C values at sites WO 57, WO 62 and WO 74 show a trend of down-core decrease to the base of the core, and such a down-core trend could be related to diagenetic loss of compounds …

The Occurrence Of Digenean Larvae In Freshwater Snails At Mbezi-Temboni Pond, Dar Es Salaam, Esp Esp Kigadye, G. Nkwengulila

Tanzania Journal of Science

The abundance of digenean larvae in snails at a pond in Mbezi-Temboni, Dar es Salaam, was investigated from July 1996 to June 1997. A total of 2,112 snails belonging to three species, Bulinus globosus Morelet 1866, Bulinus forskalii Ehrenberg 1869, and Melanoides tuberculata Müller 1774 were examined, and 28 (1.3%) were found infected by four species of digenean trematodes. Trematodes were recovered only from Bulinus species; none of the examined M. tuberculata was infected. B. globosus was infected by Schistosoma haematobium Bilharz 1852 (1.14%), unidentified furcocercous cercariae (0.4%), and echinostome cercariae (0.76%). B. forskalii was infected by echinostome cercariae (0.25%) …

Experimental Spat Collecting Of The Edible Oyster, Saccostrea Cucullata Born (Bivalvia) In The Kundichi Creek, Dar Es Salaam, Y. D. Mgaya

Tanzania Journal of Science

A one year study was carried out at Kunduchi Creek, Dar es Salaam, to determine spat settlement using the three different substrates (clutches): coconut shells, asbestos and cockle shells, set at three different depths, 0.5 m, 1 m, and 1.5 m. The experiment was set up at three different sites within the creek. There were no significant differences among treatments (sites, depths, clutches). However, spat settlement exhibited seasonal differences, with peak spatfall recorded during the long rains (April to May). There were significant differences in the number of spat between the upper and lower surfaces of the substrates, with more …

Production Of Cell Wall Enzymes In Pepper Seedlings, Inoculated With Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Glomus Etunicatum, A C Odebode, A O Salami, O Osunubi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Pepper seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal AM fungus, Glomus etunicatum, produced cellulase, polygal-acturonase and pectin methylestrase enzymes. The activities of the enzymes increased as the pepper seedlings matured in age, showing that the activity of the enzymes in the seedlings was age mediated. The pectinases showed higher activity than the cellulase enzyme which may indicate establishment of the mycorrhizal in the host. The significance of this finding is that there is an initial infectivity factor in (AM) fungi interactions with plant just like in other host-parasite interaction.

Occurrence And Activity Budget Of The Leopard Tortoise, Geochelone Pardalis, In Northern Tanzania, J Kabigumila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Occurrence and activity budget of the leopard tortoise, Geochelone pardalis were studied in northern Tanzania between October 1993 and June 1996. Tortoises occurred most frequently in short grass (51.5%) and along roads and track verges (33.9%), but only occasionally in the bush undergrowth (6.7%) and shambas (3.6%). Walking (46.3%) and feeding (37.2%) were the most frequent activities. Resting was observed only occasionally (13.6%) while courtship (1.9%) and drinking (0.9%) were rarely recorded. Activity budget differed significantly between the age classes and habitats, but not between the sexes. Juveniles walked more frequently (59.3%) than other age classes. Walking was most frequent …

D13c Signatures Of Flora, Macrofauna And Sediment Of A Mangrove Forest Partly Affected By Sewage Wastes, J F Machiwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Stable carbon isotope ratios (d13C) of sediments, suspended particulate matter, and crab gut content from Maruhubi mangrove forest, Zanzibar, were determined. Stable carbon isotope ratios were used to determine sources of organic matter in the forest. Mangrove organic carbon (d13C±SD = - 27.97±0.25) was found to be an important component of the sediment organic matter except at the marine fringe zone (d13C±SD = - 17.26±0.83). The areal distribution of d13C values show that the marine fringe zone was rich in organic carbon of marine origin. The terrestrial fringe zone was dominated by a mixed source of sediment organic carbon (d13C±SD …

Spermatogenesis In The Mosquito Eretmapodites Quinquevittatus, Robert Daniel Hunter Jr.

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Various stages of spermatogenesis in pupal testes of the mosquito Eretmapodites quinquevittatus (Theobald) were determined by 2% 1acto-aceto-orcein and silver nitrate staining techniques. Temporal relationships of stages were demonstrated and behavior and appearance of meiotic chromosomes were described.

Pupal testes were most active meiotically for the first 12-14 hours after onset of pupation. The prepachytene stage of leptotene and a nucleolus were observed with the use of silver nitrate staining. Experimental observations demonstrated the first spermatids and visible mature sperm at 6-8 and 18 hours, respectively, after onset on pupation. E. quinquevittatus mean sperm size was reported (head = 50 …

Chromosome Numbers Of Angiosperms In Tanzania, L.S. Gill, F.L. S

Tanzania Journal of Science

Chromosome Numbers of 30 taxa of angiosperms from Tanzania are reported. Of these, counts of 8 species are new. The occurrence of B-chromosome in Ornithogalum longibracteatum is reported for the first time.

Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Mydis (Crustacea) From The Tanzanian Waters, Mihai Bacescu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This is the first study on Mysids from the Tanzanian coast waters, in which, on the basis of material captured by himself, the author deals with some species belonging to the subfamily of Gastrosaccidae and Mysinae. Of the about 20 species identified so far in the collected material, five are new, namely: Gastrosaccus  msangii n.sp.; Anisomysis kunduchiana n.sp.; Tenagomysis tanzaniana n.sp.; Anisomysis sirielloides n.sp. and Mysidopsis coralicola n.sp. and six others are new to the area. Ecological and ethological data concerning all species mentioned are given.

Electrochemical Machining (Ecm) With Alternating Current, S. J. Shine

Tanzania Journal of Science

Electrochemistry has had several practical uses in industry for a long time; but one of the more recent applications is the machining of metals. Direct current ECM has been applied in industry for the last two decades. However, ECM with alternating current is still in the early stage of research and development. This paper shows that ECM with normal a.c supply is feasible and practicable if special tools are used. ECM with d.c. is first introduced to provide a better insight for the machining with a.c.

The Surveillance Of Rodent Populations In East Africa In Relation To Plague Endemicity, S. Msangi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Plague has been endemic in East Africa from very early times. The fact that the plague organism occurring in the area is mostly Pasteurella pestis var. antiqua which is said to have been associated with the Justinian pandemic of the 6th century A. D. would seem to support the contention that this endemicity was established during that pandemic. The maintenance of this endemicity has been made possible by the presence in the area of suitable rodent reservoirs, efficient flea vectors and favourable climatic and ecological conditions. The main reservoirs of plague in East Africa are Rattus rattus, Praomys natalensis and …

The Kunduchi Mangrove Basin, Alison Mccusker

Tanzania Journal of Science

The pattern of tidal submergence and exposure in the Kunduchi mangrove basin is determined by contour mapping and by relating the contours to published tide predictions. Salinity of the creek effluent is measured at spring and neap tides in both wet and dry seasons. The vegetation of the basin, up to the highest high water level, is described briefly.

Proboscipedia, A Homeotic Mutant In Aedes Aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae), John Roach Roberts Jr.

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.