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Noncoding Rnas In Apoptosis: Identification And Function, Özge Tüncel, Merve Kara, Bi̇lge Yaylak, İpek Erdoğan, Bünyami̇n Akgül Jan 2022

Noncoding Rnas In Apoptosis: Identification And Function, Özge Tüncel, Merve Kara, Bi̇lge Yaylak, İpek Erdoğan, Bünyami̇n Akgül

Turkish Journal of Biology

Apoptosis is a vital cellular process that is critical for the maintenance of homeostasis in health and disease. The derailment of apoptotic mechanisms has severe consequences such as abnormal development, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, there exist complex regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes to preserve the balance between cell growth and cell death. Initially, protein-coding genes were prioritized in the search for such regulatory macromolecules involved in the regulation of apoptosis. However, recent genome annotations and transcriptomics studies have uncovered a plethora of regulatory noncoding RNAs that have the ability to modulate not only apoptosis but also many other biochemical processes …

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Modeling Of C-Terminal Tail Of Human Sting And Its Interaction With Tank-Binding Kinase 1, Rahaf Ata Ouda Al-Masri, Hajara Audu-Bida, Şebnem Eşsi̇z Jan 2022

Modeling Of C-Terminal Tail Of Human Sting And Its Interaction With Tank-Binding Kinase 1, Rahaf Ata Ouda Al-Masri, Hajara Audu-Bida, Şebnem Eşsi̇z

Turkish Journal of Biology

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a significant role in a cell's intracellular defense against pathogens or self-DNA by inducing inflammation or apoptosis through a pathway known as cGAS-cGAMP-STING. STING uses one of its domains, the C-terminal tail (CTT) to recruit the members of the pathway. However, the structure of this domain has not been solved experimentally. STING conformation is open and more flexible when inactive. When STING gets activated by cGAMP, its conformation changes to a closed state covered by 4 beta-sheets over the binding site. This conformational change leads to its binding to Tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). TBK1 …

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Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 Maintains Pluripotency Of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Through Stabilization Of Ss-Catenin, Taha Bartu Hayal Jan 2022

Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 Maintains Pluripotency Of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Through Stabilization Of Ss-Catenin, Taha Bartu Hayal

Turkish Journal of Biology

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are derived from the undifferentiated inner cell mass of the embryo, can differentiate every cell type of the body regarding their pluripotency. Therefore, human or mouse ESCs can be used as an unlimited cell source for numerous researches or therapeutical approaches. However, pluripotency maintenance of ESCs during in vitro culture is challenging because of their endless differentiation capacity. In the current study, the effect of USP7 on pluripotency maintenance of mouse ESCs (mESCs) has been investigated with the help of cell viability assay, morphological analysis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, qPCR analysis, and Western Blotting. 600 …

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P110Α Activity At The M-To-G1 Transition Is Critical For Cellular Proliferation And Reentry Into The Cell Cycle, Onur Çi̇zmeci̇oğlu Jan 2022

P110Α Activity At The M-To-G1 Transition Is Critical For Cellular Proliferation And Reentry Into The Cell Cycle, Onur Çi̇zmeci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is essential for normal physiology and is impaired in diseases such as premalignant hyperproliferative disorders, primary immunodeficiency, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Although the core PI3K pathway components are known today, a long-standing gap in our knowledge of PI3K signaling concerns how distinct PI3K isoforms and their activity patterns contribute to the functional consequences of pathway upregulation. In order to address this issue, we devised a molecular genetic cell model, which allowed temporal regulation of the indispensable PI3K isoform, p110α in distinct stages of the cell cycle. We found that late M and early G1 …

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Cytoplasmically Localized Trna-Derived Fragments Inhibit Translationin Drosophila S2 Cells, Syed Muhammad Hamid, Bünyami̇n Akgül Jan 2022

Cytoplasmically Localized Trna-Derived Fragments Inhibit Translationin Drosophila S2 Cells, Syed Muhammad Hamid, Bünyami̇n Akgül

Turkish Journal of Biology

Transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) serve not only as amino acid carriers during translation but also as a template for the biogenesis of short fragments that can regulate gene expression. Despite recent progress in the function of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), their intracellular localization, protein partners, and role in regulating translation are not well understood. We used synthetic tRFs to investigate their localization and function in Drosophila S2 cells. Under our experimental setting, all synthetic tRFs tested were localized at distinct sites within the cytoplasm in a similar manner in Drosophila S2 cells. Cytoplasmically-localized tRFs were positioned in close proximity to GW182 …

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Sirna-Mediated Stathmin1 Silencing Inhibits Proliferation Of Prostate Carcinoma Cell Line, Asude Aksoy, Safi̇ye Selcen Vi̇cdanli, Ebru Önalan, Ahmet Tektemur, Gökhan Artaş, Asuman Orhan Varoğlu, Mustafa Koç Jan 2022

Sirna-Mediated Stathmin1 Silencing Inhibits Proliferation Of Prostate Carcinoma Cell Line, Asude Aksoy, Safi̇ye Selcen Vi̇cdanli, Ebru Önalan, Ahmet Tektemur, Gökhan Artaş, Asuman Orhan Varoğlu, Mustafa Koç

Turkish Journal of Biology

Stathmin1 (STMN1) has been proposed as a possible prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target for some cancers. We aimed to analyze the changes in autophagy, invasion, apoptosis-related genes in prostate cancer (PCa) cell line (PC-3), after small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated STMN1 silencing, and also the relationships of STMN1 expression, clinicopathological parameters, and survival (OS) in PCa cases. The STMN1 expressions were analyzed, immunohistochemically, in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded 75 PCa and 15 benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) tissues. The correlation between the levels of expression STMN1, clinicopathological features, and OS was determined in PCa cases. The siRNA-mediated STMN1 incubated PC-3 cells were …

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Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Circrna Expression Profile In Parkinson's Disease-Like Mice After Aerobic Exercise, Tianlun Fan, Xiating Li, Chuan Fu, Lichun Sun Jan 2022

Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Circrna Expression Profile In Parkinson's Disease-Like Mice After Aerobic Exercise, Tianlun Fan, Xiating Li, Chuan Fu, Lichun Sun

Turkish Journal of Biology

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common complex neurodegenerative disease, and aerobic exercise (EX) has potential to improve motor dysfunction. This study aimed to explore whether EX acts on PD in mice mode. Mice were administered 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and subjected to a 4-week physical exercise regimen (EX-PD group) and underwent RNA-Seq. Here, MPTP caused PD, which was characterized by neuron shrinkage and behavioral deficits, whereas EX improved PD by rescuing neuronal survival and motor function in mice. Moreover, circRNA expression profiles identified a total of 142 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) between PD and EX-PD group. These DEcircRNAs were mainly involved …

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Aurintricarboxylic Acid Is A Canonical Disruptor Of The Taz-Tead Transcriptional Complex, Kepeng Che, Ajaybabu V. Pobbati, Caleb N. Seavey, Yuriy Fedorov, Anton A. Komar, Ashley Burtscher, Shuang Ma, Brian P. Rubin Jan 2022

Aurintricarboxylic Acid Is A Canonical Disruptor Of The Taz-Tead Transcriptional Complex, Kepeng Che, Ajaybabu V. Pobbati, Caleb N. Seavey, Yuriy Fedorov, Anton A. Komar, Ashley Burtscher, Shuang Ma, Brian P. Rubin

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Disrupting the formation of the oncogenic YAP/TAZ-TEAD transcriptional complex holds substantial therapeutic potential. However, the three protein interaction interfaces of this complex cannot be easily disrupted using small molecules. Here, we report that the pharmacologically active small molecule aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) acts as a disruptor of the TAZ-TEAD complex. ATA was identified in a high-throughput screen using a TAZ-TEAD AlphaLISA assay that was tailored to identify disruptors of this transcriptional complex. We further used fluorescence polarization assays both to confirm disruption of the TAZ-TEAD complex and to demonstrate that ATA binds to interface 3. We have previously shown that cell-based …

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People-Powered Research And Experiential Learning: Unravelling Hidden Biodiversity, Melanie Pivarski, Matt Von Konrat, Tom Campbell, Numerous Other Co-Authors Jan 2022

People-Powered Research And Experiential Learning: Unravelling Hidden Biodiversity, Melanie Pivarski, Matt Von Konrat, Tom Campbell, Numerous Other Co-Authors

Biology Faculty Publications

Globally, thousands of institutions house nearly three billion scientific collections offering unparallelled resources that contribute to both science and society. For herbaria alone - facilities housing dried plant collections - there are over 3,000 herbaria worldwide with an estimated 350 million specimens that have been collected over the past four centuries. Digitisation has greatly enhanced the use of herbarium data in scientific research, impacting diverse research areas, including biodiversity informatics, global climate change, analyses using next-generation sequencing technologies and many others. Despite the entrance of herbaria into a new era with enhanced scientific, educational and societal relevance, museum specimens remain …

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Leveraging Herbaria Specimens: A New 3d Imaging Protocol And Analyses Of Diversity Of West Virginia Rosids, Zachary Scott Shamblin Jan 2022

Leveraging Herbaria Specimens: A New 3d Imaging Protocol And Analyses Of Diversity Of West Virginia Rosids, Zachary Scott Shamblin

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Herbaria are repositories of plant natural history, whose data can provide insights into the life histories of plant taxa over space and time. Recent initiatives to digitize herbarium data have made studies over broad geographic and taxonomic extents possible, with the ability of scientists to access data from large databases of herbaria. Most of the digitization initiatives have focused on flat 2D herbaria sheets, but herbaria also include 3D collections, such as fungi, mosses, lichens, and dry fruits. In Chapter 1 we propose an easy and cost-effective workflow that uses free photogrammetry software to produce 3D images of 3D herbaria …

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The Future Of The Big Sagebrush Ecosystem: Plant Community Response To Grazing, Wildfire, And Invasive Annual Grass In A Changing Climate, Margaret Eleanor England Jan 2022

The Future Of The Big Sagebrush Ecosystem: Plant Community Response To Grazing, Wildfire, And Invasive Annual Grass In A Changing Climate, Margaret Eleanor England

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Climate change is increasingly affecting the plant communities across the world. In the Western United States, these changes are affecting plant communities and their risk of invasive species, as well as the frequency and severity of wildfire. Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) ecosystems of the Western United States are facing threats of increasingly frequent wildfire and invasion of the annual grass cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), which may be exacerbated by global climate change. Past studies have found cheatgrass to exhibit a positive feedback loop with wildfire, and climate change is expected to facilitate expansion of the cheatgrass …

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Assessment Of The Negative Role Amur Honeysuckle Has On Urban Forest Diversity, Hayley Schlabowske, Paige Lundborg, Jason Koontz, Michael Reisner Jan 2022

Assessment Of The Negative Role Amur Honeysuckle Has On Urban Forest Diversity, Hayley Schlabowske, Paige Lundborg, Jason Koontz, Michael Reisner

Independent Research Projects

Lonicera maackii (Amur Honeysuckle), an invasive shrub species, has out-competed native species in urban riparian zones for decades due to its ability to receive more sunlight and it also secretes an allelochemical from its leaves that negatively impacts the ecosystems. Our research question is how does Lonicera maackii affect native plant species in the herbaceous understory? Five forest communities were sampled in Northwest Illinois. Sites were separated into four different categories with L. maackii only, Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) only, Neither invasive species, and sites where both occur. There were 12 sites for each of the four categories resulting in …

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The Use Of Probiotic Applications In Early Life Stages To Mitigate Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis Infections In Rana Luteiventris (Columbia Spotted Frogs), Autumn N. Holley Jan 2022

The Use Of Probiotic Applications In Early Life Stages To Mitigate Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis Infections In Rana Luteiventris (Columbia Spotted Frogs), Autumn N. Holley

2022 Symposium

Chytridiomycosis, an amphibian skin disease caused by a chytrid fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been linked to global amphibian declines. Some amphibian populations are resistant to severe infection due to symbiotic antifungal skin bacteria, but attempts to develop probiotics from these bacteria have been inconsistently successful because bacteria fail to persist on the skin. Studies have largely been conducted on adult and juvenile amphibians, despite amphibians having fewer known mechanisms for microbiome regulation prior to metamorphosis. We hypothesize that probiotics will persist longer and thus be more effective against pathogen infection if they are applied at an early life …

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Does Aphid Feeding Trigger The Production Of H202 In Wild Barley?, Richard Justin Holewa Jan 2022

Does Aphid Feeding Trigger The Production Of H202 In Wild Barley?, Richard Justin Holewa

All Zyzzogeton Presentations

In an in vivo experiment to see if the oxidative burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is utilized as a defense mechanism in barley against the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), aphids were pre- starved then allowed to feed on cultivated (Hordeum vulgare) and wild barley (H. spontaneum) accessions. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated in barley leaves in response to aphid feeding was quantified with DAB (3,3'-diaminobenzidine) staining. Stained leaves were digitized and analyzed using Fiji. Proportions of stained areas were statistically tested for significance (with pooled t-tests and ANOVA at 5%). No significant differences were detected between wild and cultivated …

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Myosin 8 Recombinant Plasmid Within Tetrahymena Thermophilla, Evan T. Meagher Jan 2022

Myosin 8 Recombinant Plasmid Within Tetrahymena Thermophilla, Evan T. Meagher

All Zyzzogeton Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Xenotransplants: The Risks And Benefits, Sima Langner Jan 2022

Xenotransplants: The Risks And Benefits, Sima Langner

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

This literature review discusses how xenotransplants from animals, especially pigs, can serve as viable alternatives to allotransplants. There are many ways of ensuring the health of the host, including testing the donor pig for cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, simian agent 8, and other viruses linked to transmitted infections. The Galα-1,3-Gal epitope and N-glycolylneuraminic acid are both recognized by human antibodies and induce rejection. To remedy this, double knockout pigs have been developed that lack both. The human complement system serves as another potential pitfall for xenotransplants that can be neutralized by introducing human complement regulatory proteins into transgenic animals pre-transplant. …

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Full Issue: Volume 16, Number 1, Fall 2022 Jan 2022

Full Issue: Volume 16, Number 1, Fall 2022

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Complete .pdf file of Volume 16, Number 1 of The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences. Published Fall 2022.

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Crohn’S Disease: Risk Factors As Pathways To Treatment, Yonina Wallerstein Jan 2022

Crohn’S Disease: Risk Factors As Pathways To Treatment, Yonina Wallerstein

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Objective: This paper discusses the research available regarding risk factors of Crohn’s disease. Risk factors are analyzed to determine which are the most likely to cause pathogenesis. Discussion includes a definition of the disease, including new ways to diagnose and treat it. Prevalence amongst different populations is reviewed to consider a broad variety of environmental and genetic factors. Risk factors and research of affected populations lead to the study of the microbiome and how that must be further studied to broaden understanding and treatment options.

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How Is H. Pylori Implicated In The Etiology Of Cancer?, Chaya S. Lowy Jan 2022

How Is H. Pylori Implicated In The Etiology Of Cancer?, Chaya S. Lowy

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Gastric cancer is a major public health concern due to the many deaths it is associated with. H. pylori is present in almost all gastric cancer patients; thus, it is fundamental to understand how H. pylori is implicated in the etiology of gastric cancer. The research in this paper is primarily based on studies acquired from Touro College Online Libraries. The bacteria have the means to survive the harsh environment of the stomach by creating a safe microenvironment and propelling themselves toward safer territory. If the bacteria attach to host cells, H. pylori injects cytotoxin-associated protein A (CagA) and vacuolating …

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Software Choice And Sequencing Coverage Can Impact Plastid Genome Assembly–A Case Study In The Narrow Endemic Calligonum Bakuense, Eka Giorgashvili, Katja Reichel, Calvinna Caswara, Vuqar Kerimov, Thomas Borsch, Michael Gruenstaeudl Jan 2022

Software Choice And Sequencing Coverage Can Impact Plastid Genome Assembly–A Case Study In The Narrow Endemic Calligonum Bakuense, Eka Giorgashvili, Katja Reichel, Calvinna Caswara, Vuqar Kerimov, Thomas Borsch, Michael Gruenstaeudl

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Most plastid genome sequences are assembled from short-read whole-genome sequencing data, yet the impact that sequencing coverage and the choice of assembly software can have on the accuracy of the resulting assemblies is poorly understood. In this study, we test the impact of both factors on plastid genome assembly in the threatened and rare endemic shrub Calligonum bakuense. We aim to characterize the differences across plastid genome assemblies generated by different assembly software tools and levels of sequencing coverage and to determine if these differences are large enough to affect the phylogenetic position inferred for C. bakuense compared to congeners. …

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Human Otop1 Proton Channel Can Function As A Monomer, Gabriella Abigail Ulloa Jan 2022

Human Otop1 Proton Channel Can Function As A Monomer, Gabriella Abigail Ulloa

Theses and Dissertations

Otopetrins (OTOP) represent a new family of eukaryotic proton channels that do not share structural similarities with other renowned ion channels. Otop1 was initially known for its involvement in vestibular function and its significance for otoconia formation before it was established as a bona fide sour taste receptor. The cryo-EM structures for several Otop channels have been determined and demonstrated Otop1 as a homodimer comprised of two subunits. Each subunit constitutes twelve transmembrane helices that can be further partitioned into two structurally similar six transmembrane domains designated as the N and C domains. Molecular dynamic simulations have also previously shown …

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Retinal Detachment: What Are The Types And Potential Causes?, Mera Skoblo Jan 2022

Retinal Detachment: What Are The Types And Potential Causes?, Mera Skoblo

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Retinal detachment is one of the few ocular emergencies. Depending on the extensiveness of the detachment, and whether it is macula on or macula off, will affect the patient’s visual acuity after treatment. Therefore, it is vital that after experiencing any common retinal detachment symptoms, the patient sees an ophthalmologist immediately. High-risk factors for retinal detachment include aging, ocular trauma, high myopia, and prior eye surgery. Statistically, the cause of a given retinal detachment often determines the specific type of detachment that occurs. There are three forms of retinal detachment, categorized separately based on their anatomical characteristics.

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Gene Therapy For Cancer Treatment, Nechama Grossman Jan 2022

Gene Therapy For Cancer Treatment, Nechama Grossman

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Cancer is a genetic disease in which cells grow uncontrollably and can spread throughout the body. Cancer cells have distinguishing traits which facilitate their unlimited growth; these traits can be used in the development of gene therapy cancer treatment, which includes: CRISPR, a gene-editing tool that can precisely modify human DNA; Kymriah, which induces T cells to kill cancer cells; Gendicine and zinc metallochaperones, which utilize p53, a protein vital for the destruction of cancer cells. Scientists continue to improve gene therapy treatments, making them available to more patients and decreasing the toxicity of treatments.

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Physical Therapy In The Treatment And Prevention Of Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions In Women, Tova Feigenbaum Jan 2022

Physical Therapy In The Treatment And Prevention Of Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions In Women, Tova Feigenbaum

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Pelvic floor dysfunctions are a widespread health issue that significantly disrupts the quality of life of those afflicted. This paper aims to present the research that proves how physical therapy, specifically pelvic floor muscle training, is an effective way to treat and prevent pelvic floor dysfunctions in women. Extensive research was done on the topic by exploring numerous scholarly databases and analyzing relevant articles on experimental trials, studies, and their results. After gaining an understanding of pelvic floor dysfunctions, studying the methodology of pelvic floor physical therapy, and examining numerous successful clinical trials, it has been determined that physical therapy …

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Recombinant Ahpc Antigen From Mycobacterium Bovis Boosts Bcg-Primed Immunity In Mice, Özgün Firat Düzenli̇, Sezer Okay, İnci̇ Kazkayasi Bölük, Ayşe Fi̇li̇z Öner Jan 2022

Recombinant Ahpc Antigen From Mycobacterium Bovis Boosts Bcg-Primed Immunity In Mice, Özgün Firat Düzenli̇, Sezer Okay, İnci̇ Kazkayasi Bölük, Ayşe Fi̇li̇z Öner

Turkish Journal of Biology

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the most common infectious diseases around the world despite the widespread use of BCG (bacille Calmette-Guerin) strain of Mycobacterium bovis as a vaccine. This vaccine does not always protect people from TB, and, thus, new effective vaccines or vaccination strategies are being investigated. In this study, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (AhpC) from M. bovis was evaluated as a new candidate vaccine antigen against TB in BALB/c mice model. The ahpC gene was amplified from M.bovis genome, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Vaccine antigen AhpC was formulated with Montanide ISA 61 VG, an oil-based emulsion …

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Characterization Of The Northern Star Coral, (Astrangia Poculata) Behavioral And Physiological Response To Microplastics, Alice Ball Jan 2022

Characterization Of The Northern Star Coral, (Astrangia Poculata) Behavioral And Physiological Response To Microplastics, Alice Ball

Biology Honors Papers

Preliminary studies have shown that corals ingest microplastics mistaken as food or co-ingested as food, and that ingestion can have effects on physiology. Coral plastic feeding preferences and egestion times are still not well understood. In a series of experiments, I investigated how exposure to microplastics impacts Astrangia poculata, the Northern Star coral, behavior in response to microplastics (feeding and egestion), and whether microplastic exposure and ingestion has any physiology effects. In the first behavioral experiment, I exposed corals to either brine shrimp eggs, or 500 μm polyethylene spheres, and did not find a significant difference in feeding rates. In …

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Uv Exposure Causes Energy Trade-Offs Leading To Increased Chytrid Fungus Susceptibility In Green Tree Frog Larvae, Rebecca L. Cramp, Michel E. B. Ohmer, Craig E. Franklin Jan 2022

Uv Exposure Causes Energy Trade-Offs Leading To Increased Chytrid Fungus Susceptibility In Green Tree Frog Larvae, Rebecca L. Cramp, Michel E. B. Ohmer, Craig E. Franklin

Faculty and Student Publications

Levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation have increased in many parts of the world due to the anthropogenic destruction of the ozone layer. UV radiation is a potent immunosuppressant and can increase the susceptibility of animal hosts to pathogens. UV radiation can directly alter immune function via immunosuppression and photoimmunotolerance; however, UV may also influence pathogen defences by affecting the distribution of energy resources among competing physiological processes. Both defence against UV damage and repair of incurred damage, as well as the maintenance of immune defences and responding to an immune challenge, are energetically expensive. These competing demands for finite energy …

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Design And In Vitro, In Vivo Evaluation Of Antioxidant Bioadhesive Gelsfor Burn Treatment, Göksel Gökçe, Si̇nem Yaprak Karavana, Hüsnü Alper Bağriyanik, Çeti̇n Pekçeti̇n, Evren Alğin Yapar, Gülşen Aybar Tural, Evren Homan Gökçe Jan 2022

Design And In Vitro, In Vivo Evaluation Of Antioxidant Bioadhesive Gelsfor Burn Treatment, Göksel Gökçe, Si̇nem Yaprak Karavana, Hüsnü Alper Bağriyanik, Çeti̇n Pekçeti̇n, Evren Alğin Yapar, Gülşen Aybar Tural, Evren Homan Gökçe

Turkish Journal of Biology

Burn wounds are frequently encountered health problems, which need a new treatment approach especially in terms of good patient compliance. Availability of use of antioxidant agents and bio-adhesive gels in tissue healing can be an alternative as a new approach for wound healing. Antioxidant taurine containing bio-adhesive gels were prepared by using carbopol (CP) 940 and 934. Rheological and texture analyses were carried out on bio-adhesive gels for in vitro characterization. Wound model on Wistar rats was used to evaluate the in vivo evaluation of gels. Rheological and texture analyses showed that a carbopol bioadhesive gel has acceptable topically use …

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Microplastic Abundances In The Guana River Estuary In Northeast Florida, Mckenna Keplinger Jan 2022

Microplastic Abundances In The Guana River Estuary In Northeast Florida, Mckenna Keplinger

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Plastic never fully disappears, but instead breaks into smaller pieces referred to as microplastics (< 5 mm length). Microplastics are common worldwide, and more studies are needed to understand the accumulation and diversity of microplastics found in various environments. In this study, six locations were sampled for one year in the Guana River Estuary, a partially impounded system with heavily urbanized headwaters. This study was conducted in conjunction with the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTM NERR) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) at their water sampling stations. The objectives of this study were to investigate: 1) distribution patterns across sample sites over time, 2) the color, size, and shape of microplastics found, and 3) polymer composition. Water samples were collected from surface waters in 1-L bottles, with five replicates at each site. Sampling occurred once a month, at the beginning of each month from August 2020-August 2021. Samples were analyzed for abundance and characteristics of microplastics using a dissecting microscope and the polymer composition was determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. No pattern was found in the distribution of microplastics from north to south or over time. Variations in plastic color, size, and polymer composition suggests that there are multiple sources of pollution into the Guana River Estuary.

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Predicting Gene Function Of Unknown Yeast Orfs Through Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis, Lewis Barr Jan 2022

Predicting Gene Function Of Unknown Yeast Orfs Through Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis, Lewis Barr

Graduate Research Showcase

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been an instrumental model system for an extraordinary diverse array of research applications for over a century now. The S. cerevisiae genome was fully sequenced in 1996, and, as a result, 6,753 potential proteins were identified. These putative proteins were established by investigating likely open reading frames within the genome. Over the past few decades, nearly 5,000 open reading frames (ORFs) and their expressed proteins have been described, and the remaining undefined open reading frames are labeled as open reading frames of unknown function (ORFans). To better understand the remaining gaps within the S. …

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