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The Effects Of Intracerebral Injections Of Substance P, And A Substance P Fragment (5-11) Into The Medial Preoptic Nucleus On Lordosis Behavior In The Female Rat, Kellie S. Jones '90

Honors Projects

In this study either substance P (SP), SP 5-11, an analogue resistant to enzymatic degradation, or acidified saline was injected bilaterally into the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of the medial preoptic area (MPOA) in ovariectomized (ovx) estrogen-primed female rats. The lordosis quotient (LQ) and the lordosis intensity scale (LIS) were recorded using a steroid regime that produced a slow increase of sexual receptivity. In experiment 1, when receptivity was low, bilateral injections of 2 different doses of SP (100 ng,1000 ng/ cannula), had no effect on lordosis behavior when compared to those injected with acidified saline. In experiment , however, …

A Comparison Of Radar Observations Of Bird Migration At Haizhou Bay, China, And Guam, Marianas, Timothy C. Williams , '64, M. Ying

Biology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of The Protein Content In Selected Tissues At Different Feeding Stages In The American Dog Tick Dermacentor Variabilis (Say), Mark John Beveridge

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Selected tissues from Dermacentor yariabilis (Say) were collected at different feeding stages (unfed, part-fed, and replete) and examined by several different protein analyses to determine soluble protein content, protein or polypeptide molecular weights, and pI values. Results showed a relationship between the salivary gland, ovary and hemolymph and evidence indicates the synganglion produces and secretes substances that may control oocyte development.

The Effect Of Plant Growth Regulators On The Growth Of Closterium Moniliferum, Cynthia Lehua Warnock Christensen

Dissertations and Theses

Physiologic responses to Gibberellic Acid (GA), 1-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and Abscisic Acid (ABA), suggest that Closterium moniliferum has the ability to utilize these plant growth factors. The growth promoters NAA and GA both increased growth when added to the media. The cell division regulator BAP (a synthetic cytokinin). also had a promotive effect on growth. Abscisic acid was found to be inhibitive to growth.

Approximate Solutions Of The Boltzmann Equation For Secondary Electron Emission: Results And Comparisons To Experiments, A. Dubus, J. Devooght, J. C. Dehaes

Scanning Microscopy

The aim of the present paper is to survey the theoretical work performed in Brussels about secondary electron emission (SEE). Two new approximate solutions of the Boltzmann equation for internal secondary electrons are applied to both electron and ion induced SEE. Using a realistic set of interaction cross sections, most calculated characteristics of electron emission compare fairly well to experiments.

The "improved age-diffusion" model can be used to calculate the electron yield, the energy and angular spectrum and also the depth and radial distributions of outgoing electrons for incident electrons and ions.

The "transport-albedo" model assumes an uniform internal electron …

'Eve' In Africa: Human Evolution Meets Molecular Biology, Robert D. Seager

Faculty Work

Recent advances in the study of human origins have increased our understanding of our ancestors. There have been new, major fossil finds. WT 17000, a 2.5 million-year-old robust Australopithecus found in Kenya (Walker et al. 1986), led to a revision of early hominid phylogeny (Delson 1986; 1987). Existing fossil materials have been reassessed. For example, Tattersall (1986) maintains that at least two unrecog­- nized hominid species (Homo neanderthalensis, H. hei­ delbergensis and possibly H. steinheimensis ) existed be­ tween the times of H . erectus and fully modern H . sapiens.

Multielement Analysis Of Biological Materials By Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission (Pixe), Willy Maenhaut

Scanning Microscopy

An analytical particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) procedure for the multielement analysis of biological materials consists of various stages. These include sample and specimen preparation, specimen bombardment, spectral data processing, quantification and correction for matrix effects. Critical aspects of the procedure are contamination and/or losses during sample and specimen preparation and the danger of radiation or heat-induced losses during specimen bombardment. With optimized PIXE procedures precisions of 1-2% and an accuracy of better than 5% are obtainable, whereas the detection limits are down to 0.1 μg/g. Because of its inherent characteristics, PIXE offers great potential for trace element analysis in the …

Scanning Electron Microscope Study Of Wohlfahrtia Magnifica (Schiner, 1862) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) I. Structures With Parasitic And Possible Taxonomic Meaning, I. Ruíz-Martínez, M. D. Soler-Cruz, R. Benítez-Rodríguez, J. M. Pérez-Jiménez, C. Adalid-Fuentes, M. Díaz-López

Scanning Microscopy

The larval development of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (the most important dipteran causing sheep myiasis in the Palearctic region) has been studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. The ultrastructure of mouth-hooks, oral ridges, labial lobes, body spines and anterior and posterior peritremes is described for the first time. Their possible adaptations to a parasitic lifeway are also discussed. Thus, the use of new structures in the Sarcophagidae taxonomy is proposed from the point of view of their ultrastructure and adaptative morphology.

Responses Of Astrocytes In Culture After Low Dose Laser Irradiation, David T. Yew, D. R. Zheng, C. Au, W. W. Y. Li

Scanning Microscopy

The effect of Helium-Neon low dose laser on astrocytes was investigated in cultures of isolated astrocytes from albino neonatal rats. The laser appeared to inhibit the growth of astrocytes as exemplified by the smaller sizes of the cells and the decreased leucine uptake in each cell after treatment. Temporary decrease in the number of mitoses was also observed, but this trend was reversed soon after. Electron microscopic studies revealed an increase in buddings from cell bodies and processes (branches) after irradiation.

Detector Arrays In Confocal Scanning Microscopes, T. Wilson

Scanning Microscopy

We consider the use of detector arrays in scanning microscopes and show that confocal operation may be achieved in a variety of ways. We base our analysis on a consideration of the form of the optical transfer function or transmission cross coefficient. This reveals that the Fourier transform of the detector sensitivity function is the function of importance. It is not necessary that this function be constant over the whole space and hence a variety of detector sensitivity functions will give fully confocal imaging. The traditional method of a limiting point-like detector is a special case, but one which has …

Hplc Analysis Of Myoglobin Tryptic Peptides From Selected Species Of Cetaceans, David Lawrence Hayteas

Dissertations and Theses

Due to the large gaps in the fossil record, the evolutionary history of the mammalian order Cetacea is incomplete and controversial. Increasingly researchers are utilizing molecular and biochemical procedures to supplement cetacean paleontology. One of these methods is the comparison of amino acid sequences of myoglobin among species of this order. since this method is time-consuming and expensive, an alternative procedure is desirable.

As a candidate for such an alternative, peptide mapping was performed on selected species of cetaceans. This mapping was done utilizing High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Myoglobin was extracted from skeletal muscle, purified, digested with trypsin, the …

Bird Flight - Insights And Complications, G. E. Goslow Jr., Kenneth P. Dial, F. A. Jenkins Jr.

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimal Heat-Induced Expression Of The Drosophila Hsp26 Gene Requires A Promoter Sequence Containing (Ct)N.(Ga)N Repeats, R Glaser, Graham H. Thomas, Ester Siegfried, Sarah C.R. Elgin, J Lis

Biology Faculty Research

We report here the analysis of the sequence requirements for the heat-induced expression of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp26 gene using germline transformation. Heat-induced expression is augmented fivefold by a homopurine/homopyrimidine region from -85 to -134 that is devoid of heat-shock elements but contains numerous (dC-dT).(dG-dA) repeats. Sequences within this interval have been shown to assume a nuclease S1-hypersensitive structure in vitro. In this paper, we extend those in vitro observations, demonstrating that the S1-hypersensitive structure is triple-helical H-DNA formed by a symmetric (dC-dT).(dG-dA) sequence. Thus, the sequences that form H-DNA in vitro are also required in vivo for optimal hsp26 …

Crystal Growth Of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate And Calcium Carbonate From Dilute Solutions, Sergio Deganello, Livia Di Franco

Scanning Microscopy

By controlling evaporation, calcium carbonate (calcite) is precipitated together with calcium oxalate monohydrate from equimolar (1 x 10^-5 M) solutions of calcium chloride and sodium oxalate under decreasing (37.5° - 32.7°C) and increasing temperature (22°-42°, 22°-45°, 22°-50°C), and initial pH's of 6.6 and 6, respectively. If, however, the pH of the solutions is, respectively, 8 and 8.5 and the temperature is 32°C, oxalate breaks down to carbonate and calcium precipitates solely as calcite. This process materializes as the pH of both solutions initially adjusts to about 7.5. Both the quality and the size of the crystals of calcite and …

Particle Induced X-Ray Emission Elemental Analysis: Sample Preparation For A Versatile Instrumental Method, N. F. Mangelson, M. W. Hill

Scanning Microscopy

Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) has found extensive application as a multi-element analysis tool. The energetic nature of both the incident particle beam and the emitted characteristic X-rays has lead to considerable versatility in regard to samples which may be analyzed by the PIXE technique. This paper does not deal with the theory, equipment, or data analysis for PIXE, but it should bring to the reader a broad perspective of methods for sample preparation and should point the way into the literature where more complete details are given. Both physical and chemical processes for sample preparation are outlined. Preparation often …

Evidence That A Major Portion Of Cellular Potassium Is "Bound", Ivan L. Cameron, W. Elaine Hardman, Keithley E. Hunter, Christine Haskin, Nancy K. R. Smith, Gary D. Fullerton

Scanning Microscopy

In this report we briefly review recent evidence which shows that a substantial proportion of intracellular K⁺ is "bound" or perturbed from the physicochemical properties expected in dilute aqueous solutions. In addition, we present evidence from electron probe x-ray microanalysis of thin cryosections of cells which indicates that the binding of K⁺ to anionic groups either carboxyl groups (HCO₂) on proteins or to phosphate groups in creatine phosphate (CrP) , in adenosine triphosphate, (ATP), in protein and in nucleic acids, are the main determinants of the maintenance of (as differentiated from the generated of) the well …

Dna Fingerprinting Analysis Of Captive Asian Elephants, Elephas Maximas, Laura Louise Bischof

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis examined the effectiveness of DNA fingerprinting analysis for paternity ascertainment and the establishment of relatedness of captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximas). Eighteen Asian elephants from three North American zoos were examined. Thirteen of these elephants were wild caught. Relationships between these elephants and the remaining elephants born in captivity were known.

Composition Depth Profiles Of High Temperature Superconducting Materials By Energetic Elastic Backscattering, C. R. Gossett

Scanning Microscopy

A review is given of the application of high energy elastic backscattering spectrometry techniques for profiling high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) materials in thin film form. The use of higher bombarding ion energies provides most of the advantages of the more common lower energy or Rutherford backscattering (RBS) but additionally allows profiling to a greater thickness and, by a much larger sensitivity for light elements, permits profiling carbon and oxygen in the presence of heavier substrates. Examples for HTSC materials are given.

Changes In Rat And Mouse Salivary Glands And Pancreas After Chronic Treatment With Diuretics: A Potential Animal Model For Cystic Fibrosis, Samuel Sagström, Edward B. Mcmillan, Monique Marijianowski, Helmy Mulders, Godfried M. Roomans

Scanning Microscopy

Defective transepithelial chloride and water transport is thought to be the cellular basis of the disease cystic fibrosis (CF). Therefore, it was attempted to develop an animal model for this disease by chronically inhibiting transepithelial chloride transport in experimental animals by long term treatment with high doses of diuretics. In the present study, changes in the salivary glands and pancreas after such treatment were investigated by X-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy.

Treatment of rats for one month with diuretics caused a significant decrease in chloride and an increase in calcium in the acinar cells of the submandibular gland. This increase …

Studies Of Irritant Reactions On Epidermis: The Application Of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis, Magnus Lindberg

Scanning Microscopy

Modern man is exposed to an increasing amount of chemicals in the environment. The skin is a complex tissue with regards to both structure and function. Contact with external stimuli can lead to various responses in the skin depending on the type of stimuli, the dose and time of exposure and the status of the exposed individual. The electron probe microanalytic technique can be used to obtain information on physiological alterations within the skin and especially the epidermis when the normal homeostasis is disturbed by contact with external stimuli. The present paper presents a review of some aspects of contact …

Correlative Light, Transmission, And High Resolution (Se-I) Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies Of Rhesus Adrenocortical Vascular Morphology, R. P. Apkarian, N. L. L' Hernault

Scanning Microscopy

A detailed correlative morphologic description using light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution SE-I scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted on the capillary endothelium of the zona-fasciculata (Z-F) in juvenile male rhesus monkeys. The glucocorticoid synthesis and release phenomena, associated with stress stimulated release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, intimately involves capillaries of the Z-F. A comprehensive study of all the ultrastructural features implicated in the transendothelial uptake of steroidogenic precursors and release of glucocorticoids in perfused rhesus adrenals has not previously been made. This report presents correlative images of transendothelial openings that include …

Surface Corrections To Bulk Energy Losses In Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Of Spheres, A. Rivacoba, P. M. Echenique

Scanning Microscopy

The interaction of a fast electron penetrating a spherical target is studied, in the frame of the classical dielectric theory. Expressions for ω the Fourier component of the induced scalar field and energy loss probability are obtained. The reduction in the bulk loss probability due to the surface boundary correction is calculated to all orders in a multipole expansion. The dependence of this correction on the impact parameter and on the radius of the sphere is also studied and compared with the results for films.

Azimuthal Variations Of Sensitivity In The Coaxial Scanning Auger Microprobe, L. Frank

Scanning Microscopy

Experiments with the PHI 595 Multiprobe have revealed a pronounced asymmetry of the energy filtered image (the shape of the line-scan curve) obtained with an isolated sphere lying on a flat surface. The effect is explained as a consequence of transmission efficiency variations along the circumference of the ring-shaped detector assembly, and is probably caused by deviations from coaxiality of the adjustable parts of the entrance annular aperture controlling the energy resolution. A quantitative model provides realistic results and has indicated the emission anisotropy of Auger electrons as being much larger than that of the energy filtered background emission at …

Comparative Analysis Of The Proliferative Response Of The Rat Urinary Bladder To Sodium Saccharin By Light And Scanning Electron Microscopy And Autoradiography, Samuel M. Cohen, Maria J. Fisher, Takao Sakata, Martin Cano, Gerald P. Schoenig, Clifford I. Chappel, Emily M. Garland

Scanning Microscopy

Three methods used to detect proliferative changes in the rat urothelium, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and autoradiography, were compared for their sensitivity in detecting changes produced by administration of sodium saccharin. Weanling male F344 rats were fed sodium saccharin as 0, 3, 5, or 7.5% of the diet, and the bladders were evaluated after 4, 7, and 10 wks of feeding. Light microscopic changes and an increase in labeling index were seen at all time points in rats fed 7.5 % sodium saccharin, but not at the lower doses. A slight increase in labeling index was also observed at …

The Genera Of Arundinoideae (Gramineae) In The Southeastern United States, Gordon Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

The Genera Of Arundinoideae (Gramineae) In The Southeastern United States, Gordon C. Tucker

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Morphological Asymmetry And Interspecific Hybridization: A Case Study Using Hylid Frogs, Trip Lamb, James M. Novak, Diane L. Mahoney

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The limited studies addressing developmental stability of interspecific hybrids suggest a positive association between the level of fluctuating asymmetry and 1) the degree of divergence between parental species, and 2) the recency of the contact zone. To evaluate these associations, we examined asymmetry in a recentlyestablished hybrid population of treefrogs (Hyla cinerea and H. gratiosa) that show marked structural gene divergence. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), directional asymmetry, and antisymmetry were assessed for eight paired osteometric traits in allozymically-defined parental and hybrid categories. FA levels varied considerably among traits. Nonetheless, for any given trait, the hybrid categories did not demonstrate elevated levels …

Scattering From Atoms And Molecules In The Free State By Electrons With Energies Below 10 Kev., Russell A. Bonham

Scanning Microscopy

A survey of electron scattering from a free atom or molecule by incident electrons with energies below 10 keV is best accomplished by viewing a Bethe surface. This surface presents a global picture of nearly all observable phenomena obtained from the investigation of the angular and energy dependence of scattered electrons. An absolute, comprehensive and accurate surface for molecular nitrogen, obtained from electron energy loss spectroscopic experiments, illustrates the major points to be made. Two general uses of such scattering information are: (i) the inference of various aspects of the electronic structure of the target through the observation of spectral …

Monte Carlo Calculations Of Secondary Electron Emission, Suichu Luo, David C. Joy

Scanning Microscopy

Monte Carlo calculations of secondary electron (SE) generation have been performed using a hybrid model of the exponential decay law and cascade multiplication process. The contributions of both valence and core electron excitations, and the production of secondaries by the volume plasmon decay, have been included. The calculation has been extended to include SE's with energies up to half the incident beam energy. The SE yield δ_SE1 component due to excitation by primary electrons, the SE yield δ_SE2 due to excitation by backscattered electrons, and the β coefficient are estimated using this model. Calculated SE yields, energy distributions, …

Murphy's Law And The Uncertainty Of Electron Probes, Linn W. Hobbs

Scanning Microscopy

The electron microscope has brought over the last fifty years a wealth of information about the structure of solids, from surface topography to the details of atomic arrangements. Like any probe, however, the electron beam is subject to the epistomological constraint that the investigator inevitably perturbs what is being investigated, and from its beginnings questions were raised about the integrity of the ·images generated in the microscope from a specimen which was subjected to such an aggressive probe. A fast electron is about as likely to be scattered inelastically as elastically from a collection of atoms, and the density of …