Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On Muscular Strength And Power Development In Well-Trained Football Players, Josef D. Mcquain

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of creatine supplementation on strength and power performance in well-trained football players. Twenty-one subjects were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: 1) creatine monohydrate, 2) creatine monohydrate+dextrose, or 3) placebo utilizing a double-blind design. Prior to assignment, subjects were matched according to lean body mass. After a five day loading dose, a maintenance dose was administered for 12 days. Test protocols included three anaerobic work bouts: l) two 30 s Wingate bike tests interspersed with five minutes recovery were used to ascertain relative and absolute power, 2) two 100 yard …

Relationship Of Resting And Submaximal Cardiovascular Measures To Vo[2]Max In Untrained Children, Thomas A. Cappaert

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Participation by children in organized sport continues to increase. A 1994 survey of 10,000 households by the National Sporting Goods Association (1994) found that approximately 40,000 children between the ages of 7-17 years participate in an organized sport or recreational activity annually. In the realm of organized sports, especially endurance activities, there continues to be interest in how cardiovascular fitness is attained and how it can be maximized. Measurement of cardiovascular fitness is an important piece to that puzzle.

The most common and most descriptive measure for children and adults, is the maximal oxygen uptake or max (Astrand & Rodahl, …

Radiant Rewarming For Hypothermia: Pilot Canine Study Model, Linda M. Shecterle, John A. St. Cyr

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The purpose of this feasibility study was to determine if a radiant heat device could be used to rewarm hypothermic canines. Twenty canines were first cooled to varying degrees of hypothermia and then rewarmed. An ice water bath was used to create mild (> 32' C), moderate (29 to 32' C), or severe ( < 29· C) hypothermia, as assessed by measuring the animal's core body temperature. Two radiant heat devices, an IAD450 animal device or a thermal recovery unit (TRU), suitable for humans, were used for rewarming animals. There were no deaths or lasting significant complications during the treatment or follow up interval. Rewarming rates were: mild- 2.2· C during the first hour and 4.9' C during the second hour, moderate- 2.1" C during the first hour and 5.5' C during the second hour, or severe- 0.8' C during the first hour and 4.4' C during the second hour and 4.1' C during the third hour. Rewarming rates were comparable in either mild or moderate hypothermic conditions, however, in the severely hypothermic state, a slower rate of rewarming occurred during the first hour. Both devices proved capable of rewarming animals within acceptable time frames with no lasting clinically significant toxicity. Data accumulated and monitoring done during this study included: complete blood count, serum chemistries, blood gases, physiological hemodynamic parameters, and multiple temperature site assessment. This technique should be further explored as an alternative method of rewarming from a hypothermic to a normothermic state.

Ephedrine: An Herbal Toxicological Hazard, Jeffrey Peeke

Capstone Research Projects

Many individuals are currently using herbal products that are toxicologically unsafe due to inaccurate dosages and/or addition of harmful substances of which the consumer is unaware. This is primarily because the health supplement industry has failed to supply adequate research and regulation on its products. This paper makes a brief review of the general field of toxicology, but ultimately narrows its scope to an in-depth consideration of ephedrine, an ancient Chinese medicinal herb capable of concerted stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Ephedrine use has resulted in negative reactions in a number of cases.

Pcr Amplification Of Three Kilobase Segments Of Mitochondrial Dna Of Larval Drosophila Melanogaster, Doug Sammer

Capstone Research Projects

No abstract provided.

The Culture Of Dermal Replacements, Kristine Peterson

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

Collagen-based wound dressings have been used to prevent excessive fluid loss and infection in individuals with severe skin damage, as well as to promote the re-growth and healing of the patient's own skin. In this study, problems encountered with cryopreservation of collagen-based wound dressings were researched.

A fibroblast cell-line was expanded in culture and seeded onto collagen sponges. The sponges were then cultured for varying lengths of time before freezing them at -80 degrees C. The sponges were analyzed to assess the total number of cells as a function of time in culture.

Toxicity tests were performed using varying concentrations …

Behavioral Response Of The Crayfish Procambarus Clarkii To The Crustacean Molting Hormone 20-Hydroxyecdysone, William D. Hornsby

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Selective Predation On The Seeds Of Woody Plants, Scott J. Meiners, Edmund W. Stiles

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Selective predation on the seeds of woody plants. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 124: 67-70). 1997.-Seed predation may be an important factor influencing the structure of successional plant communities. We used a cafeteria-style experiment, placed in an old field and an early successional forest, to determine predator preferences for seeds of nine species of woody plants. Intensity of seed predation was equivalent in both sites. Seed predators preferred Acer saccharum, flex vertic illata, and Viburnum dentatum, but this was not related to seed mass. Predation intensity was more variable in the old field than in the forest, possibly related to the …

Comparative Leaf Anatomy And Systematics In Dendrobium, Sections Aporum And Rhizobium (Orchidaceae), Barbara S. Carlsward, William Lois Stern, Walter S. Judd, Terence W. Lucansky

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The specialized leaf anatomy for species of Dendrobium within section Aporum is similar to that of species in section Rhizobium. In both sections leaves are characterized by a unifacial or nearly unifacial surface where the exposed surface is abaxial. However, leaves in section Rhizobium also feature a lacuna submerged in the mesophyll and surrounded by an adaxial epidermis. In contrast, leaves in section Aporum merely present an internal suture that divides the leaf into bilateral halves. These two sections of Dendrobium are hypothesized to be sister taxa because of synapomorphies in their foliar anatomy. A cladistic analysis performed with various …

Comparative Leaf Anatomy And Systematics In Dendrobium, Sections Aporum And Rhizobium (Orchidaceae), Barbara Carlsward, William Stern, Walter Judd, Terence Lucansky

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The specialized leaf anatomy for species of Dendrobium within section Aporum is similar to that of species in section Rhizobium. In both sections leaves are characterized by a unifacial or nearly unifacial surface where the exposed surface is abaxial. However, leaves in section Rhizobium also feature a lacuna submerged in the mesophyll and surrounded by an adaxial epidermis. In contrast, leaves in section Aporum merely present an internal suture that divides the leaf into bilateral halves. These two sections of Dendrobium are hypothesized to be sister taxa because of synapomorphies in their foliar anatomy. A cladistic analysis performed with various …

Palmer Lter: Stable Interannual Successional Patterns Of Phytoplankton Communities In The Coastal Waters Off Palmer Station, Antarctica, Mark A. Moline, Barbara B. Prezelin, Oscar Schofield

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Review Of A Manual Of California Vegetation By J. Sawyer & T. Keeler-Wolf, David J. Keil

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

How Stream Fungal Biodiversity Affects Ecosystem Functions, Vale J. Miller, Dev Niyogi

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

There was an observable impact on leaf decomposition and respiration rate. Respiration was much higher among the biodiverse microcosm compared to the other treatments, and the biodiverse treatment had the least amount of biomass remaining.

Regulation Of The Expression Of Hmn-Sod At The Level Of The Mitochondrial Processing Of Precursor Hmn-Sod, Gary Leslie Wright

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The mitochondrion imports and processes the vast majority of the proteins which comprise its structural elements and metabolic pathways. Studies in the last decade have been successful at defining the mechanism and protein machinery responsible for recognizing, importing, and processing cytosolic precursor proteins into the mature mitochondrial proteins. Little is known, however, about physiological factors which might influence or compromise mitochondrial protein processing. The objective of this work was to develop a novel approach to study mitochondrial import and assembly of precursor proteins as a process within the context of the cellular environment. To these ends we employed the baculovirus …

In Vivo Incorporation Of Tritium To Measure Lipogenesis In Red Skeletal Muscle: Significance Of A Nonlipogenic Diet In La/N-Fa(K)("Corpulent") And Zucker Fa Rat Strains, Karin Traci Mann

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Skeletal muscle lipogenesis in rodents may equal that of liver but its importance in the obese animals is not known. We evaluated the rate of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis and storage content in red skeletal muscles, liver, inguinal fat, and retroperitoneal fat of the LA/N-fa^k (“corpulent”) and Zucker fa obese rat strains. Obese-lean pairs of both rat strains, weaned at 32 days, fed a nonlipogenic diet (54% starch for 21 days) were either dosed with 2 µCi 3H-H² O per gram of body weight and tested after 60 minutes for whole body 3H-incorporation into fatty acids and …

Conidial Germination And Infection By Diplocarpon Rosae On Susceptible And Resistant Rose Species, Robert J. Wiggers, J. G. West, Josephine Taylor

Faculty Publications

Conidial germination and infection by Dipplocarpon rosae, the causal organism of rose blackspot, were examined on two resistant species of roses, Rosa roxburghii and R. wichuraiana and two susceptible hybrid tea roses (R. hybrid cv. Chicago Peace and Garden Party). Fungal conidia germinated and gave rise to subcuticular mycelium that formed haustoria within epidermal cells of all four roses tested. On the resistant rose species, epidermal cells associated with the infection site became necrotic, indicating that a hypersensitive response is involved in conferring their resistance D. rosae.

Responses To Prey Odors In Juveniles Of The Snake Elaphe Obsoleta Spiloides, A Predatory Generalist [Abstract], Stephen J. Mullin, William H. N. Gutzke

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Selective Predation On The Seeds Of Woody Plants, Scott Meiners, Edmund Stiles

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Selective predation on the seeds of woody plants. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 124: 67-70). 1997.-Seed predation may be an important factor influencing the structure of successional plant communities. We used a cafeteria-style experiment, placed in an old field and an early successional forest, to determine predator preferences for seeds of nine species of woody plants. Intensity of seed predation was equivalent in both sites. Seed predators preferred Acer saccharum, flex vertic illata, and Viburnum dentatum, but this was not related to seed mass. Predation intensity was more variable in the old field than in the forest, possibly related to the …

Shortfin Mako, Isurus Oxyrinchus, Impaled By Blue Marlin, Makaira Nigricans (Teleostei: Istiophoridae), Harry L. Fierstine, Gregor M. Cailliet, Julie A. Neer

Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

An Atlantic Blue Marlin, Makaira Nigricans, Impaled By Two Species Of Billfishes (Teleostei:Istiophoridae), Harry L. Fierstine

Biological Sciences

Billfishes (Istiophoridae and Xiphiidae) are notorious for driving their rostra into animate and inanimate objects, a behavior usually resulting in transverse fracture of the bill and leaving the distal segment embedded (Gudger, 1940; Frazier et aI., 1994). Some billfishes recover from this loss because there are records ofapparently healthy fish with missing rostra (Frazier et aI., 1994). Generally only one rostral fragment is found in each object, but multiple stabbings have been reported. For example, fragments of three swordfish bills were discovered in a whale during flensing (Jonsgard, 1962), several "marlin" spears were found impaled in bales of rubber that …

Instar Susceptibility Of The Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) To The Neogregarine Parasite, Ophryocystis Elektroscirrha, Kingston L. H. Leong, Michael A. Yoshimura, H. K. Kaya, H. Williams

Biological Sciences

The susceptibility of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) larvae to the neogregarine parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha, was tested in the laboratory. Spore loads recovered from infected monarch butterflies were directly related to the inoculum level, larval stage of the host, and spore age. There was a linear relationship between spores ingested by first instar larvae and spore concentration. Larvae feeding on leaves treated with 0, 50, 500, 5000, or 50,000 spores averaged 0, 0, 193, 457, or 1,255 spores, respectively, on the abdomens of the adult butterflies. When first, third, and fifth instar larvae were given 14.5 spores/mg …

Ua66/6/3/1 Biennial Report, Kentucky Gamma, Alpha Epsilon Delta

Student Organizations

Biennial report created by and about the Kentucky Gamma Chapter of Alpha Epsilon Delta premedical honor society sponsored by WKU Biology.

Sidescan Sonar Image, Surficial Geologic Interpretation, And Bathymetry Of The Long Island Sound Sea Floor Off Hammonasset Beach State Park, Connecticut, Roman Zajac, Larry J. Poppe, Ralph S. Lewis, David C. Twichell, Mary L. Digiacomo-Cohen, Eric A. Schmuck, Kenneth F. Parolski

Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications

Ongoing research by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States, is building upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. During the initial phase of this cooperative program, geologic framework studies in Long Island Sound were completed and results published (Lewis and Needell, 1987; Needell and others, 1987; Lewis and Stone, 1991). Emphasis of the present program in Long Island Sound is shifting from framework studies toward studies of the sediment distribution, processes that control this sediment …

An Analysis Of The Variation Within Cratoxylum Arborescens (Clusiaceae) In Malesia, A.C. Church, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

The variation within the widespread West Malesian species Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Blume was analyzed and three distinctive variants were found. These are recognized formally as varieties, var. arborescens, var. miquelii King, and var. borneense A.C. Church & P.F. Stevens. A key and full descriptions are given. The characters employed to delimit the three taxa are discussed and the selection of varietal rank is justified.

The Ability Of Cladophora To Adapt To Nutrient Changes In The Watab Watershed, Julie Schanilec

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

Over the past several years, excessive algal growth has occurred in the lakes associated with Saint John's University campus. To assess the causes of this growth, the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Lower Stumpf Lake were monitored for approximately four months. Environmental parameters of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients were assessed to determine which parameter influenced growth of the green alga Cladophora. Based on these results, controlled laboratory culture experiments were conducted to determine the nitrate and phosphate requirement and uptake for Cladophora. This alga grew well in nutrient rich Lower Stumpf Lake. However, in culture, …

"Glial Islands" Promote Survival And Regeneration Of Neurites From Chick Embryo Retinal Neurons, Mithra Ghaffari

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

G Protein Mechanisms: Insights From Structural Analysis, Stephen R. Sprang

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

This review is concerned with the structures and mechanisms of a superfamily of regulatory GTP hydrolases (G proteins). G proteins include Ras and its close homologs, translation elongation factors, and heterotrimeric G proteins. These proteins share a common structural core, exemplified by that of p21(ras) (Ras), and significant sequence identity, suggesting a common evolutionary origin. Three-dimensional structures of members of the G protein superfamily are considered in light of other biochemical findings about the function of these proteins. Relationships among G protein structures are discussed, and factors contributing to their low intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis are considered. Comparison of …

Conservation Implications Of A Multi-Scale Study Of Flammulated Owl (Otus Flammeolus) Habitat Use In The Northern Rocky Mountains, Usa, Vita Wright, Sallie J. Hejl, Richard L. Hutto

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Our multi-scale analysis of Flammulated Owl (Otus flammeolus) habitat use in the northern Rocky Mountains indicates some landscapes may be unsuitable for this species. As a result, there may be less habitat available for Flammulated Owls than thought based on the results of microhabitat studies. Thus, we suggest Flammulated Owl habitat conservation measures be based on the results of landscape-level, as well as microhabitat studies. Habitat conservation and restoration efforts in the ponderosa pine ecosystem should retain large trees, large snags, understory tree thickets, and grassland openings within landscapes that contain an abundance of suitable forest types.

Recovery Of Crenarchaeotal Ribosomal Dna Sequences From Freshwater-Lake Sediments, Christa Schleper, William E. Holben, Hans-Peter Klenk

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

We report several novel environmental sequences of archaea from the kingdom Crenarchaeota, recovered from anaerobic freshwater-lake sediments in Michigan. A nested PCR approach with Archaea- and Crenarchaeota-specific primers was used to amplify partial Small-subunit ribosomal DNAs. Phylogenetic analysis of seven sequences shows that these DNAs represent a monophyletic lineage diverging prior to all recently identified crenarchaeotal phylotypes isolated from temperate environments. Including our lineage, all uncultured crenarchaeotal sequences recovered from moderate or told environments form a distinct, monophyletic group separate from the ''genuine'' thermophilic crenarchaeota. Our finding extends the emerging picture that crenarchaeota, thought until recently to be solely extreme …

Xantusia Vigilis (Desert Night Lizard) And Sceloporus Magister (Desert Spiny Lizard). Predation And Diet., Stephen C. Adolph, Marc Perkins '98, Stephen Granite '97, Wendy Hein '97

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

Here, we report evidence of predation on Xantusia vigilis by Sceloporus magister. We collected a yearling female S. magister (71 mm SVL, mass = 13.6 g) on 24 July 1996, 5 km SE of Llano, Los Angeles County, California, USA (34°29'N, 117°46'W, elevation 1120 m). In the laboratory, on 29 July, the S. magister deposited a fecal pellet that contained part of a Xantusia vigilis body, including sections of dorsal and ventral integument and both hind limbs.