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Characterization Of A Novel Filarial Serine Protease Inhibitor, Ov-Spi-1, From Onchocerca Volvulus, With Potential Multifunctional Roles During Development Of The Parasite, Louise Ford, David B. Guiliano, Yelena Oksov, Asim K. Debnath, Jing Liu, Steven A. Williams, Mark L. Blaxter, Sara Lustigman

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

A novel filarial serine protease inhibitor (SPI) from the human parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus, Ov-SPI-1, was identified through the analysis of a molting third-stage larvae expressed sequence tag dataset. Subsequent analysis of the expressed sequence tag datasets of O. volvulus and other filariae identified four other members of this family. These proteins are related to the low molecular weight SPIs originally isolated from Ascaris suumwhere they are believed to protect the parasite from host intestinal proteases. The two Ov-spi transcripts are up-regulated in the molt- ing larvae and adult stages of the development of the parasite. Recombinant Ov-SPI-1 is an …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: U V, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

uliginose, uliginous ultradextral ultrasinistral ultrasonic ultrastructure umbel umbilical suture umbilicus umbilicate umbo umbones umbos beak umbonal umbonal angle umbonal cavity umbonal depression umbonal fold umbonal pole umbonal reflection umbonal region umbonal spine umbone umbo umboniform rotelliform umbonuloid umbo-veliger umbraculate umbraculiferous umbrella exumbrella subumbrella umbrella organ sensillum campaniformium unarmed unarticulate uncate unci uncus unciform uncinal plate radula uncinal seta uncinate uncinate mastax uncini uncinus uncus unci undate underbridge undifferentiated undose undulate ungual unguiculus unguiculi unguiculate unguis unguifer unguiferate unguiflexor unguiform unguis ungues ungual uguiculus homodactyl unguitractor unguitractor tendon ungula unguis uniauriculate unibranchiate unicameral unicapsular unicarinate unicellular uniciliate unicolonial unicolorate unicornous unicuspid …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: Q R, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

Q-technique quacking quadrangle quadrat quadrate plates quadricapsular quadricolumella columella quadridentate quadrifid quadrilateral quadrimaculate quadripartite quadripinnate quadriprostatic quadriradiate quadrithecal quadrivalve quartet tetrad quasisocial queen queen control queen substance Quenstedt muscles quick muscle phasic muscle quiescence quiescent quincunx xes quincuncial quinone biochrome cochineal quinones quinquedentate quinquefarious quinquelocular race racemose racemose glands rachidian rhacidian rachiform rachiglossate rhachiglossate rachis rachides rachises radial radial radial apophysis radial cell radial gashes radial growth radial lirae carapace costae radial masses radial-medial cross vein radial muscles radial plates radial processes radial ribs radial sector radial skeleton radial symmmetry bilateral symmetry radial vein radianal plate radiate radiate radiate veins …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: S, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

sabulose sabulous sac saccate saccharobiose sacciform saccule saccus sacoglossa saddle Saefftigen's sagittae sagittocysts saliva salivarium salivary saltation Saltatoria saltatory saltigrade sanguinivorous sanidasters sapphirine saprobe saprobiont saprobiotic saprophagous saprophyte saprozite saprozoic saprozoite sarcobelum sarcode sarcolemma sarcolysis sarcomere sarcomeric sarcophagous sarcoplasm sarcoplasmic sarcosomes sarcostyle sarcotheca sarothrum saxicavous saxicolous scabellum scabrous scalariform scalaroid scalids scalpellum scalpriform scansorial scape scaphe scaphiform scaphium scaphocerite scaphognathite scaphoid Scaphopoda scapula scapus scarabaeiform scarabaeoid scarified scariose scatophagous scavenger scent sceptrules schemochrome schistosomula schizeckenosy schizocele schizochroal schizocoel schizodont schizogamy schizogenesis schizolophe schizopeltid schizopod schizorhyses Schmidt's Schwann scissorial scissure sclerification sclerite scleroblasts sclerocyte sclerophagous sclerosepta sclerotic scoleces scolecid scoleciform scolecoid …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: T, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

tabula tabular tachyauxesis tachyblastic tachygen tachygenesis tachytelic tactic tactile tactoreceptors taenia taeniate taenidium taenioglossate tagma tagmata tagmosis tail tailfan Takakura's talon talus tandem tangent tangoreceptor tanylobous tapetal tapetum tapinoma-odor Tardigrada tardigrades tarsal tarsation tarsite tarsomere tarsungulus tarsus taste tautonomy tautonym taxa taxes taxis taxis taxodont taxometrics taxon taxonomic taxonomist taxonomy tectiform tectostracum tectum teeth teges tegillum tegmen tegmentum tegula tegular tegulum tegumen tegument tegumentary tela telaform telamon telegonic teleiochrysalis telenchium teleoconch teleodont teleology teleotrocha telepod telescope telescopic teletrophic telioderma teliophan telmophage telocentric telodendria telofemur telogonic telolecithal telomitic telophase telophragma telopod telopodite telorhabdions telosonic telostome telosynapsis telosyndesis telotarsus telotaxis telotroch telson …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: W X Y Z, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

Wagener's larva waggle dance walking leg pereopod wall warm-blooded homoiothermal warning coloration sematic aposematic pseudaposematic wart verruca tubercle water pore hydropore Waterston's organ water vascular system wax wax gland wax layer wax-plate wax scale web weighting Weismann's ring ring gland wheel organ white body Hensen's gland white cuticle yellow cuticle wholemount whorl width wild type wing ala winter egg summer egg With's organs workers worker jelly xanthic xanthophyll xanthopterin xanthopterine X-chromosomes xenagones xenic axenic polyxenic synxenic trix¬enic xenobiosis xenoecic xenogamy cross-fertilization xenogenesis heterogenesis xenomone allelochemic xenomorphism xenoparasite xerarch succession xeric xerophilous xerophobous xerosere lithosere hydrosere xerothermic fauna xiphidiocercaria microcotylate cer¬caria …

Taxol-Stabilized Microtubules Can Position The Cytokinetic Furrow In Mammalian Cells, Katie Shannon, Julie C. Canman, C. Ben Moree, Jennifer S. Tirnauer, Edward D. Salmon

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

How microtubules act to position the plane of cell division during cytokinesis is a topic of much debate. Recently, we showed that a subpopulation of stable microtubules extends past chromosomes and interacts with the cell cortex at the site of furrowing, suggesting that these stabilized microtubules may stimulate contractility. To test the hypothesis that stable microtubules can position furrows, we used taxol to rapidly suppress microtubule dynamics during various stages of mitosis in PtK1 cells. Cells with stabilized prometaphase or metaphase microtubule arrays were able to initiate furrowing when induced into anaphase by inhibition of the spindle checkpoint. In these …

Dominant Processes Controlling Water Chemistry Of The Pecos River In American Southwest, Fasong Yuan, Seiichi Miyamoto

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Here we show an analysis of river flow and water chemistry data from eleven gauging stations along the Pecos River in eastern New Mexico and western Texas, with time spanning 1959–2002. Analysis of spatial relationship between the long-term average flow and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration allows us to illuminate four major processes controlling river chemistry, namely saline water addition, evaporative concentration with salt gain or loss, dilution with salt gain or loss, and salt storage. Of the 10 river reaches studied, six reaches exhibit the process dominated by evaporative concentration or freshwater dilution with little change in salt load. …

An Investigation Of The Changes Of Species Richness And Distribution Of The Unionidae (Bivalvia: Molusca) Within The Pamunkey Watershed, William Robert Lees

Master's Theses

A survey of the Unionidae within the Pamunkey Watershed was conducted to investigate changes in distribution and species richness compared to a previous survey (Riddick, 1973) conducted over 30 years ago. Species richness decreased from 10 species in the previous survey to four species in the present survey. Notable increases of species richness were found in the upper South Anna and the lower North Anna regions, while sizable decreases were found in the lower South Anna and the upper and middle regions of the Pamunkey River. Regression analyses and t-tests comparing mussel survey data with habitat parameters were conducted to …

Evolution Of Morphological Integration: Developmental Accommodation Of Stress-Induced Variation, Alexander V. Badyaev, Kerry R. Foresman, Rebecca L. Young

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Extreme environmental change during growth often results in an increase in developmental abnormalities in the morphology of an organism. The evolutionary significance of such stress-induced variation depends on the recurrence of a stressor and on the degree to which developmental errors can be accommodated by an organism's ontogeny without significant loss of function. We subjected populations of four species of soricid shrews to an extreme environment during growth and measured changes in the patterns of integration and accommodation of stress-induced developmental errors in a complex of mandibular traits. Adults that grew under an extreme environment had lower integration of morphological …

The Let-7 Microrna Family Members Mir-48, Mir-84, And Mir-241 Function Together To Regulate Developmental Timing In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Allison L. Abbott, Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra, Eric A. Miska, Nelson C. Lau, David P. Bartel, H. Robert Horvitz, Victor R. Ambros

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The microRNA let-7 is a critical regulator of developmental timing events at the larval-to-adult transition in C. elegans. Recently, microRNAs with sequence similarity to let-7 have been identified. We find that doubly mutant animals lacking the let-7 family microRNA genes mir-48 and mir-84 exhibit retarded molting behavior and retarded adult gene expression in the hypodermis. Triply mutant animals lacking mir-48, mir-84, and mir-241 exhibit repetition of L2-stage events in addition to retarded adult-stage events. mir-48, mir-84, and mir-241 function together to control the L2-to-L3 transition, likely by base pairing to complementary sites in the …

Investigating Hydrologic Alteration As A Mechanism Of Fish Assemblage Shifts In Urbanizing Streams, Allison H. Roy, Mary C. Freeman, Byron J. Freeman, Seth J. Wenger, William E. Ensign, Judith L. Meyer

Faculty Articles

Stream biota in urban and suburban settings are thought to be impaired by altered hydrology; however, it is unknown what aspects of the hydrograph alter fish assemblage structure and which fishes are most vulnerable to hydrologic alterations in small streams. We quantified hydrologic variables and fish assemblages in 30 small streams and their subcatchments (area 8-20 km 2) in the Etowah River Catchment (Georgia, USA). We stratified streams and their subcatchments into 3 landcover categories based on imperviousness (20% of subcatchment), and then estimated the degree of hydrologic alteration based on synoptic measurements of baseflow yield. We derived hydrologic variables …

Atypical Pkciota Contributes To Poor Prognosis Through Loss Of Apical-Basal Polarity And Cyclin E Overexpression In Ovarian Cancer, Astrid M. Eder, Xiaomei Sui, Daniel G. Rosen, Laura K. Nolden, Kwai Wa Cheng, John P. Lahad, Madhuri Kango-Singh, Karen H. Lu, Carla L. Warneke, Edward N. Atkinson, Isabelle Bedrosian, Khandan Keyomarsi, Wen-Lin Kuo, Joe W. Gray, Jerry C. P. Yin, Jinsong Liu, Georg Halder, Gordon B. Mills

Biology Faculty Publications

We show that atypical PKCι, which plays a critical role in the establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell polarity, is genomically amplified and overexpressed in serous epithelial ovarian cancers. Furthermore, PKCι protein is markedly increased or mislocalized in all serous ovarian cancers. An increased PKCι DNA copy number is associated with decreased progression-free survival in serous epithelial ovarian cancers. In a Drosophila in vivo epithelial tissue model, overexpression of persistently active atypical PKC results in defects in apical-basal polarity, increased Cyclin E protein expression, and increased proliferation. Similar to the Drosophila model, increased PKCι proteins levels are associated with …

Soy Isoflavone Glycitein Protects Against Beta Amyloid-Induced Toxicity And Oxidative Stress In Transgenic Caenorhabditis Elegans, Astrid Gutierrez-Zepeda, Ross Santell, Zhixin Wu, Marishka Brown, Yanjue Wu, Ikhlas Khan, Christopher D. Link, Baolu Zhao, Yuan Luo

Faculty Publications

Background

Epidemiological studies have associated estrogen replacement therapy with a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, but a higher risk of developing breast cancer and certain cardiovascular disorders. The neuroprotective effect of estrogen prompted us to determine potential therapeutic impact of soy-derived estrogenic compounds. Transgenic C. elegans, that express human beta amyloid (Aβ), were fed with soy derived isoflavones genistein, daidzein and glycitein (100 μg/ml) and then examined for Aβ-induced paralysis and the levels of reactive oxygen species.

Results

Among the three compounds tested, only glycitein alleviated Aβ expression-induced paralysis in the transgenic C. elegans. This activity of …

Rna Turnover: Unexpected Consequences Of Being Tailed, James T. Anderson

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

In eukaryotic cells, the 3′ poly(A) tails found on mRNA influence their stability and translation. The discovery of a second nuclear poly(A) polymerase complex has fueled a series of reports defining a new and unexpected role for 3′ end poly(A) tails in the nuclear surveillance and turnover of noncoding RNAs and intergenic mRNAs of unknown function.

Ua3/9/5 Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (Crep), Wku President's Office

WKU Administration Documents

Talking points used by WKU president Gary Ransdell regarding WKU's partnering with Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program.

Toward Sequencing The Sorghum Genome: A U.S. National Science Foundation-Sponsored Workshop Report, Stephen Kresovich, Brad Barbazuk, Joseph A. Bedell, Andrew Borrell, C. Robin Buell, John Burke, Sandra Clifton, Marie-Michéle Cordonnier-Ptratt, Stan Cox, Jeff Dahlberg, John Erpelding, Theresa M. Fulton, Bob Fulton, Lucinda Fulton, Alan R. Gingle, C. Tom Hash, Yinghua Huang, David Jordan, Patricia E. Klein, Robert R. Klein, Jurandir Magalhaes, Richard Mccombie, Paul Moore, John E. Mullet, Peggy Ozias-Akins, Andrew H. Paterson, Kay Porter, Lee Pratt, Bruce Roe, William Rooney, Patrick S. Schnable, David M. Stelly, Mitchell Tuinstra, Doreen Ware, Ujwala Warek

Faculty Publications

Members of the worldwide sorghum (Sorghum spp.) community, including private sector and international scientists as well as community representatives from closely related crops such as sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and maize (Zea mays), met in St. Louis, Missouri, on November 9, 2004, to lay the groundwork for future advances in sorghum genomics and, in particular, to coordinate plans for sequencing of the sorghum genome. Key developments that made this workshop timely included advances in knowledge of the sorghum genome that provide for the development of a genetically anchored physical map to guide sequence assembly and annotation, the …

Structural And Molecular Characterization Of A Preferred Protein Interaction Surface On G Protein Beta Gamma Subunits, Tara L. Davis, Tabetha M. Bonacci, Stephen R. Sprang, Alan V. Smrcka

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

G protein betagamma subunits associate with many binding partners in cellular signaling cascades. In previous work, we used random-peptide phage display screening to identify a diverse family of peptides that bound to a common surface on Gbetagamma subunits and blocked a subset of Gbetagamma effectors. Later studies showed that one of the peptides caused G protein activation through a novel Gbetagamma-dependent, nucleotide exchange-independent mechanism. Here we report the X-ray crystal structure of Gbeta(1)gamma(2) bound to this peptide, SIGK (SIGKAFKILGYPDYD), at 2.7 A resolution. SIGK forms a helical structure that binds the same face of Gbeta(1) as the switch II region …

Two-Dimensional Gel Analysis Of The Heat-Shock Response In Marine Snails (Genus Tegula): Interspecific Variation In Protein Expression And Acclimation Ability, Lars Tomanek

Biological Sciences

The degree to which temperature acclimation modifies the acute synthesis of the entire heat-shock protein (Hsp) complement is still unknown, but it may constitute an important mechanism for understanding the differences in acclimation ability among closely related ectothermic species that occupy widely varying thermal environments. In general, eurythermal (heat-tolerant) species modify physiological function in response to an increase in acclimation temperature to a greater extent than stenothermal (heat-sensitive) species. In the present work I used ³⁵S-labelled amino acids and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to test this assumption for how acclimation affects acute Hsp expression (referred to as phenotypic plasticity) in …

Geographical Distributions, Relative Abundance And Coexistence Of Drosophila Aldrichi And Drosophila Buzzatii In Australia, J. S.F. Barker, Robert A. Krebs, H. I. Davies

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Climatic data and collection records for the cactophilic Drosophila aldrichi and Drosophila buzzatii for 97 localities were used to examine the effects of geographical location, season, host plant species and climatic factors on their range and relative abundance. Temporal variation in relative abundance was assessed from monthly collections over 4 years at one locality. Effects of weather variables over the 28 days before each collection were examined. A generalized linear model of the spatial data showed significant geographical variation in relative abundance, and significant climatic effects, with the proportion of D. aldrichi higher in the warm season, and increasing as …

Genetic Analysis Of Two Bile Salt Hydrolase Activities In Lactobacillus Acidophilus Ncfm, Olivia Mcauliffe, Raul J. Cano, Todd R. Klaenhammer

Biological Sciences

Two genes, bshA and bshB, encoding bile salt hydrolase enzymes (EC 3.5.1.24) were identified in the genome sequence of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Targeted inactivation of these genes via chromosomal insertion of an integration vector demonstrated different substrate specificities for these two enzymes.

Elevated Levels Of Trace Elements In Cores Of Otoliths And Their Potential For Use As Natural Tags, Benjamin I. Ruttenberg, Scott L. Hamilton, Michael J.H. Hickford, Georges L. Paradis, Michael S. Sheehy, Julie D. Standish, Ofer Ben-Tzvi, Robert R. Warner

Biological Sciences

Variation in the chemical composition of fish otoliths has been used in recent years to address a range of ecological questions, including levels of stock mixing, variation in habitat use, and rates of larval exchange. While some of these questions have been answered with varying success, the degree to which discrete populations are connected via larval exchange remains unknown. To identify larval sources using natural variation in otolith chemistry, we must distinguish and measure the chemical composition of the otolith core, the portion of the otolith formed at the spawning site. Using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS), …

Human Activity Mediates A Trophic Cascade Caused By Wolves, Mark Hebblewhite, Clifford A. White, Clifford G. Nietvelt, John A. Mckenzie, Tomas E. Hurd, John M. Fryxell, Suzanne E. Bayley, Paul C. Paquet

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Experimental evidence of trophic cascades initiated by large vertebrate predators is rare in terrestrial ecosystems. A serendipitous natural experiment provided an opportunity to test the trophic cascade hypothesis for wolves (Canis lupus) in Banff National Park, Canada. The first wolf pack recolonized the Bow Valley of Banff National Park in 1986. High human activity partially excluded wolves from one area of the Bow Valley (low-wolf area), whereas wolves made full use of an adjacent area (high-wolf area). We investigated the effects of differential wolf predation between these two areas on elk (Cervus elaphus) population density, adult …

Using Airborne Multispectral Imagery To Evaluate Geomorphic Work Across Floodplains Of Gravel-Bed Rivers, M. S. Lorang, D. C. Whited, Richard F. Hauer, J. S. Kimball, Jack Arthur Stanford

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Fluvial processes of cut and fill alluviation and channel abandonment or avulsion are essential for maintaining the ecological health of floodplain ecosystems characteristic of gravel-bed rivers. These dynamic processes shape the floodplain landscape, resulting in a shifting mosaic of habitats, both above and below ground. We present a new and innovative methodology to quantitatively assess the geomorphic work potential necessary to maintain a shifting habitat mosaic for gravel-bed river floodplains. This approach can be used to delineate critical habitats for preservation through land acquisition and conservation easements, often critical elements of river restoration plans worldwide. Spatially explicit modeling of water …

Feasibility For Utilization Of A Freshwater Pulmonate Snail, Physa Acuta, As A Model Organism For Environmental Toxicity Testing, With Special Reference To Cadmium Ion Toxicity, Valerie Woodard

Biology Dissertations - Archive

The benefits of developing the pond snail, Physa acuta, as a model species for testing acute and chronic toxicity of aquatic pollutants include its wide North American distribution, ease of field collection and laboratory maintenance, and efficacy in testing toxicity responses including mortality, crawling behavior, reproduction and metabolism under both field and laboratory conditions. Mortality, as 50 % sample lethal concentration (LC50) and 50 % sample lethal time (LT50) values with increased cadmium chloride (CdCl2) concentration in both acute 192 h and chronic 672 h tests. A new endpoint of 50 % sample crawl-out response (CO50) proved to be a …

Use Of Reovirus Monoreassortants To Define Lysis Of Transfomed Cells, Christine Nora Mutsoli

Biology Theses - Archive

Reovirus is known to selectively destroy transformed cells while establishing a persistent infection in normal cells. For this study the transformed cell lines used were L929, WI-38 VA13 2RA, T1, N1, and MYC-3. Additionally, the normal cells WI-38 and MMEC were used to examine differential sensitivity to reovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3. Reovirus is able to replicate efficiently in L929 cells because it induces a transition from capped to uncapped translation of viral mRNA. Reovirus maintains a persistent infection in WI-38 cells, but lyses WI-38 VA13 2RA cells. Reovirus has also been demonstrated to lyse and produce more virus …

Implications Of Spatial Autocorrelation And Dispersal For The Modeling Of Species Distributions, Volker Bahn

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Modeling the geographical distributions of wildlife species is important for ecology and conservation biology. Spatial autocorrelation in species distributions poses a problem for distribution modeling because it invalidates the assumption of independence among sample locations. I explored the prevalence and causes of spatial autocorrelation in data from the Breeding Bird Survey, covering the conterminous United States, using Regression Trees, Conditional Autoregressive Regressions (CAR), and the partitioning of variance. I also constructed a simulation model to investigate dispersal as a process contributing to spatial autocorrelation, and attempted to verify the connection between dispersal and spatial autocorrelation in species’ distributions in empirical …

Hedgehog Regulated Slit Expression Determines Commissure And Glial Cell Position In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Michael J.F. Barresi, Lara D. Hutson, Chi Bin Chien, Rolf O. Karlstrom

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Three major axon pathways cross the midline of the vertebrate forebrain early in embryonic development: the postoptic commissure (POC), the anterior commissure (AC) and the optic nerve. We show that a small population of Gfap+ astroglia spans the midline of the zebrafish forebrain in the position of, and prior to, commissural and retinal axon crossing. These glial 'bridges' form in regions devoid of the guidance molecules slit2 and slit3, although a subset of these glial cells express slit1a. We show that Hh signaling is required for commissure formation, glial bridge formation, and the restricted expression of the guidance molecules slit1a, …

Determining The Phylogenetic Relationship Of A Collection Of Hydra Strains And Species Using The Mitochondrial Genes : Lrrna, Trna-Trp And Coii, Jacob Zuckman

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The discovery of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the early 1960’s ushered in the field of organellar genetics. Evidence from both genetic and physical techniques has demonstrated that mtDNA are generally circular in structure, and that they represent the vestigial structure of the ancestral prokaryotic endosymbiont genome (Nosek et al., 1998). The more than 90 vertebrates and invertebrates sequenced to date have been found to have a remarkably constant gene content. With few exceptions, each contains the genes for 13 energy pathway proteins, the 2 RNA components of mitochondrial ribosomes (23S and 16S rRNA), and 22 transfer RNAs (Pont-Kingdon et …

Habitat-Specific Diet Of The Mottled Sculpin And Its Impact On Benthic Invertebrate Community Structure, Brendan M. Earl

Masters Theses

The relationships between predators and their prey are important and influential components in the structure of ecological communities. These interactions not only impact the species involved, but can also have a wide range of direct and indirect effects that resonate throughout the community. In Michigan trout streams, one of the main predators of benthic invertebrates is the mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi) whose diet and selective predation may influence benthic invertebrate community structure. Using gastric lavage, the stomach contents of sculpins from both erosional and depositional habitats were collected and analyzed to determine the main prey types, prey preference, …