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The Effects Of 17Β-Estradiol And Tamoxifen On Cell Cycle Distribution And F-Actin Expression In Mcf-7 Cells, Kirk Kangaloo, Latoya Jenkins, Nicole Clarke, Samir S. Raychoudhury

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Using Microenvironmental Effects: Loading, Activity, And Stereoselectivity Relative To Polymer Bound Nabh4 Reagents, James R. Blanton

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Schweinitz’S Sunflower Helianthus Schweinitzii Torrey And Gray, (Asterales: Asteraceae) In Upper Piedmont South Carolina, Steven E. Fields

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Listing Of The Flora And Fauna Of Saint Helena Island, South Carolina With Emphasis On Historic Penn Center, Steven E. Fields, Harriet Speer, Joshua S. Castleberry,, Michael W. Hook, Rebecca Hunsucker, David M. Lambert

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Comparative Genotoxic Potential Of Mercury And Cadmium In Soybean, Girjesh Kumar, Priyanka Rai

Turkish Journal of Biology

Genotoxic effects of two heavy metals viz. mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) on somatic and gametic cells of soybean were investigated. Seeds were treated with different doses of these heavy metals. Treatments with Hg and Cd not only reduced the frequency of dividing cells but a wide spectrum of chromosomal abnormalities were also recorded. Pollen fertility was found to be significantly correlated with meiotic irregularities found in the metal treatment sets. It was found that both of these heavy metals are capable of inducing chromosomal aberrations, but Hg is much more genotoxic than Cd, since it induces greater abnormalities.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity And Phytochemical Analysis Of Some Indian Medicinal Plants, Jigna Parekh, Sumitra Chanda

Turkish Journal of Biology

The antibacterial effect of some selected Indian medicinal plants was evaluated on bacterial strains like Bacillus cereus ATCC11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Escherichia coli ATCC25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM2719. The solvents used for the extraction of plants were water and methanol. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. The most susceptible Gram-positive bacteria was B. cereus, while the most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria was K. pneumoniae. The extracts of Abrus precatorius, Cardiospermum halicacabum and Gmelina asiatica could not inhibit any of the bacterial strains investigated. The most active antibacterial plant …

Life In The Absence Of Oxygen: Alternative Electron Acceptors For Anaerobic Microorganisms In A Petroleum Environment, Meli̇ke Balk

Turkish Journal of Biology

Anaerobic microorganisms derive energy by transferring electrons from an external source or donor to an external electron sink or terminal acceptor and often have the capacity to reduce 2 or more terminal electron acceptors. The well-known type of microbial respiration, in which oxygen serves as an electron acceptor for the oxidation of organic carbon and/or hydrogen, has been studied elsewhere in detail. Anaerobic microorganisms are widely distributed in oil-producing vents, hydrothermal vents, volcanic hot springs, non-volcanic geothermally heated subsurface aquifers, and soil. In this study, anaerobic, thermophilic, and fermenting microorganisms in a petroleum sample from the Adıyaman region of Turkey …

Maternal Transfer Of Photoperiodic Information Regulates The Postnatal Reproductive System Development Of The Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones Unguiculatus), Alper Karakaş, Bülent Gündüz

Turkish Journal of Biology

We investigated whether photoperiodic information is transferred from mother to young and whether the pineal gland and its hormone, melatonin, are involved in this transfer in Mongolian gerbils. Adult female gerbils were paired with males and housed in photoperiods of 12L:12D or 8L:16D. Three groups of pregnant gerbils in each photoperiod were prepared: one group was the sham-operated control, one group consisted of pinealectomized gerbils, and one group consisted of pinealectomized gerbils that were treated with melatonin. Pinealectomy was performed before pairing the animals and melatonin injections were applied to the pinealectomized group from day 8 of gestation until parturition. …

Effect Of 28-Homobrassinolide On Salinity-Induced Changes In Brassica Juncea, Shamsul Hayat, Barket Ali, Syed Aiman Hasan, Aqil Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Biology

Seedlings of Brassica juncea Czern & Coss cv. Varuna generated from seeds soaked in 0, 50, 100, or 150 mM NaCl for 6 h were treated with 0, 10^{-10}, 10^{-8}, or 10^{-6} M 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) after 14 days of growth. Plants that received only NaCl treatment exhibited a decrease in nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase activity, chlorophyll content, and P_N 60 days after sowing (DAS), and decreased seed yield at harvest (140 DAS). Subsequent treatment with HBL significantly increased all of the above parameters. The 10^{-8} M concentration of HBL generated the best response and also overcame the detrimental effects …

Purification And Partial Characterization Of Intracellular Fructosyltransferase From A Novel Strain Of Aureobasidium Pullulans, Agbaje Lateef, Julius Kola Oloke, Siddalingaiya G. Prapulla

Turkish Journal of Biology

The intracellular fructosyltransferase (FTase) of a novel strain of Aureobasidium pullulans (CFR 77) capable of producing 59% of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) within 9 h of reaction time was obtained by wet-milling, and then purified and characterized. The purified FTase revealed 2 bands of 147 and 170 KD; its activity was optimum at an approximate pH of 5.0 and temperature of 55 °C. The specific activity of the final purified material was 42, representing a purification factor of 79.44 and yield of 43%. The enzyme is very stable, retaining more than 80% of its original activity at the optimum reaction conditions after …

Determination Of Mercury Levels In Edible Tissues Of Various Fish Samples From Sır Dam Lake, Özlem Turgay

Turkish Journal of Biology

Mercury (Hg) levels in Cyprinus carpio (carp) (n: 20) and Siluris glanis (wels) (n: 13) from Sır Dam Lake, Kahramanmaraş, were measured during 2002 and 2003. The fish samples were obtained from fishermen. Hg levels ranged from 0.03 to 0.18 µg/g dry weight in carp samples and from 0.16 to 0.38 µg/g dry weight in wels samples. Even though no high levels of Hg were determined in the fish, a possible hazard may occur in the future depending on the agricultural and industrial development in this area.

Cell Cycle Analysis Of Atrazine-Treated Human Fibroblast Cells Using Flow Cytometry, Andrea L. Austin

Honors Program Theses

Atrazine is the most frequently used triazine herbicide in the United States. Studies have shown an association between herbicide exposure and increased levels of DNA damage, reproductive and endocrine problems, and an increased risk for certain cancers. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEP A) has set a maximum allowable limit at 3 parts per billion (ppb ). Previous work from our lab has shown decreased cell proliferation of normal human fibroblasts after low-level atrazine exposure for 72 hours at 0.8-100 ppb without a corresponding increase in apoptosis or necrosis.

The objective of the current study is to determine a …

Preference And Performance Of The Wild Indigo Duskywing (Erynnis Baptisiae) On Its Native Host Yellow Wild Indigo (Baptisia Tinctoria) And On The Introduced Plant Crown Vetch (Securigera Varia), Susan D. Mcmahon

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The Wild Indigo Duskywing butterfly (Erynnis baptisiae) shifted from its native host plant Yellow Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria) to the introduced plant Crown Vetch (Securigera varia). This study examined the effects of this host shift by comparing butterfly preference (larval feeding and female oviposition) and performance (pupal weight and pupation success) of two distinct butterfly populations, on both native and introduced plants. Caterpillars reared on the native plant had significantly greater pupal weight regardless of the population origin. Larval feeding preference was significantly affected by the plant fed upon; larvae from both populations strongly …

Corticular Photosynthetic Dynamics For A Coastal Evergreen Shrub: Myrica Cerifera, Jaclyn K. Vick

Theses and Dissertations

I quantified seasonal variations in corticular photosynthesis in 1st through 5th order branches of Myrica cerifera L. (Myricaceae) in order to determine whether corticular photosynthesis contributes to whole plant carbon gain by reducing respirational CO2 loss. Maximum % refixation was 110 ± 39 % of CO2 efflux in the dark (Rd) in 1st order branches during winter, minimum was 18 ± 3 % in 5th order branches during summer. Variations in % refixation paralleled changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). As light attenuated with increasing branch order % refixation decreased. Increased PAR in the winter due to a more sparse …

New Records Of Alien Mollusca In The Hawaiian Islands: Non-Marine Snails And Slugs (Gastropoda) Associated With The Horticultural Trade, Kenneth Hayes, C. Tran, Robert Cowie

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

The  nonmarine  snails  of  the  Hawaiian  Islands  have  been  cataloged  by  Cowie  (1997),reviewed by Cowie (1998a), and subsequent new records reported by Cowie (1998b, 1999,2000). The horticultural industry has been implicated in the transport and introduction ofsnails and slugs in various parts of the world (e.g., Robinson 1999; Barrientos 2000; Cowie&Robinson 2003; Robinson & Slapcinsky 2005), including Hawai‘i (e.g., Cowie 1998b,1999, 2000). Therefore, between 2004 and 2006 we undertook field surveys of nurseries,botanical gardens, and other similar facilities involved in the cultivation of plants, includ-ing aquatic plants, for sale, recreation or research on the six largest of the main HawaiianIslands, …

Juvenile Hormone And Reproductive Tactics In Romalea Microptera, The Eastern Lubber Grasshopper, Raime Blair Fronstin

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Isolated populations that inhabit various geographic and climatic ranges tend to diverge in their life history tactics. When development time is constrained by unfavorable seasons, often an organism must trade-off the investment of resource allocation between somatic and reproductive growth. The variation in reproductive tactics and juvenile hormone titers were studied among three populations of Romalea microptera from Athens, GA, Jacksonville, FL, and Miami, FL, all of which exist on a latitudinal cline. The Athens population was significantly younger at oviposition and gained significantly less body mass than both the Jacksonville and Miami populations, which did not differ from each …

Cyp26 Enzymes Generate The Retinoic Acid Response Pattern Necessary For Hindbrain Development, Aaron P. Putzke

Biology Faculty Scholarship

Retinoic acid (RA) is essential for normal vertebrate development, including the patterning of the central nervous system. During early embryogenesis, RA is produced in the trunk mesoderm through the metabolism of vitamin A derived from the maternal diet and behaves as a morphogen in the developing hindbrain where it specifies nested domains of Hox gene expression. The loss of endogenous sources of RA can be rescued by treatment with a uniform concentration of exogenous RA, indicating that domains of RA responsiveness can be shaped by mechanisms other than the simple diffusion of RA from a localized posterior source. Here, we …

Volatile Compounds Of Therapeutic Importance Produced By Leuconostoc Paramesenteroides, A Native Laboratory Isolate, Rani P. Shobha, Renu Agrawal

Turkish Journal of Biology

Probiotics are a community of nutraceuticals. Their potential in functional foods serves to promote health or to prevent diseases. Ramping up of flavor profile is an ongoing trend in modern dairy, so designer products are at the forefront towards desired health, wellness and sensorial enjoyment of everyday life. In the present work, volatile compounds of a potentially beneficial culture, Leuconostoc paramesenteroides, isolated from cheddar cheese were studied for 21 days. Culture grown in MRS broth was taken out periodically and was extracted in dichloromethane in order to study the formation of volatile compounds over time. The results showed the presence …

Protective Potential Of Glimepiride And Nerium Oleander Extract On Lipid Profile, Body Growth Rate, And Renal Function In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Maged M. Yassin, Saleh N. Mwafy

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study aimed to assess the protective potential of glimepiride and Nerium oleander extract on lipid profile, body growth rate, and renal function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 50 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin. Rats with glucose levels >200 mg/dl were subdivided into 3 sub-groups. Rats in the first sub-group remained without treatment and were considered diabetic. Those in the second and third subgroups were orally administered 0.1 mg/kg body weight daily glimepiride and 250 mg/kg body weight daily …

Planktonic Diatom (Bacillariophyta) Composition Of Lake Kaz (Pazar, Tokat), Esra Zai̇m

Turkish Journal of Biology

The composition, density, and seasonal variations of the planktonic diatoms of Lake Kaz were studied using samples taken from the surface and 1.0 m depths between May 2005 and April 2006. Some physical and chemical properties of the lake water were also determined. Planktonic algae communities were identified, with 143 belonging to Bacillariophyta. Aulocoseira granulata, Aulocoseira italica, Cocconeis placentula, Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Navicula radiosa, and Synedra ulna from the Bacillariophtya were dominant. Seasonal variations in the planktonic flora were observed during that period. According to the chemical and physical analyses performed, the lake has low alkali soft …

Two Yeast Plasmids That Confer Nourseothricin-Dihydrogen Sulfate And Hygromycin B Resistance In Neurospora Crassa And Cryphonectria Parasitica, Robert P. Smith, Myron L. Smith

Biology Faculty Articles

Two plasmids that were previously used with yeast, pRS41N and pRS41H, were found to confer clonNAT and hygromycin B resistance, respectively, in the filamentous fungi Neurospora crassa and Cryphonectria parasitica. These plasmids are suitable for routine cloning and for use in forcing heterokaryons and are available through the FGSC.

Screening New Cytokinesis Genes And Investigation Of Regulation Of Hof1 In Cytokinesis, Jung Eun Park

Masters Theses

"In 1996, a complete sequence of the budding yeast genome was completed and numerous studies begun to discover the function of genes. A primary concern of this study was to identify genes that may function in cytokinesis. Seven candidate genes were chosen, which were previously shown to localize to the bud neck, the site of cytokinesis, or interact with a protein that is involved in cytokinesis. Six of those uncharacterized genes, YHR149C, YLR187W, YOL070C, YMR124W, YPL158C, and YOR304C-A, were identified by data generated by GFP tagging of the yeast proteome. Data from a large-scale two-hybrid screen was used to identify …

Lifetime Reproductive Effort, Eric Charnov, Robin Warne, Melanie Moses

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

The concept of lifetime reproductive effort[LRE] is defined for arbitrary age structured populations. Optimal life history theory with metabolic production constraints is developed to predict the numeric value of LRE; This is tested with large data sets for mammals and lizards.

The Diatom Flora Of Phosphorus-Enriched And Unenriched Sites In An Everglades Marsh, Jennifer E. Slate, R Jan Stevenson

Biology Faculty Publications

Diatoms are used as environmental indicators in the Florida Everglades, a large subtropical wetland highly impacted by phosphorus pollution. However, the taxonomy of the diatom flora, a mix of temperate and tropical diatoms, is understudied. Therefore, we analyzed the taxonomy of 71 diatom taxa collected in Water Conservation Area 2A (WCA-2A). Diatoms were analyzed from sediment cores and from floating algal mats collected in phosphorus-enriched northern WCA-2A and in relatively unenriched southern WCA-2A. In addition, diatoms were analyzed from experimental mesocosms in southern WCA- 2A dosed with 0-126 µgL^-1 P-PO₄. Total phosphorus optima were calculated for dominant …

Life Without Water : Expression Of Plant Lea Genes By An Anhydrobiotic Arthropod., Steven Hand, Dana Jones, Michael Menze, Trudy Witt

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Anhydrobiotic animals protect cellular architecture and metabolic machinery in the dry state, yet the molecular repertoire supporting this profound dehydration tolerance is not fully understood. For the desiccation-tolerant crustacean, Artemia franciscana, we report differential expression of two distinct mRNAs encoding for proteins that share sequence similarities and structural features with late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins originally discovered in plants. Bioinformatic analyses support assignment of the LEA proteins from A. franciscana to group 3. This eucoelomate species is the most highly evolved animal for which LEA gene expression has been reported. It is becoming clear that an ensemble of micromolecules and macromolecules …

Seasonal Variation In Dune Vegetation At South Padre Island, Texas., Frank W. Judd, Robert I. Lonard, Kenneth R. Summy, Ruben A. Mazariegos

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Seasonal variation in vegetative cover, species richness, species composition and species importance were compared in the backshore and primary dunes topographic zones at a dune protection area and an unprotected site on South Padre Island, Texas, from May 2004 to April 2005. Cover was greatest in fall, but there was no significant variation among seasons in percent cover in the backshore or primary dunes at either site. Species richness was significantly greater at the dune protection site, but there was no significant seasonal variation in species richness in either topographic zone at either site. Species composition differed between topographic zones …

Chemical Defenses: From Compounds To Communities, Valerie J. Paul, Koty H. Sharp

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine natural products play critical roles in the chemical defense of many marine organisms and in some cases can influence the community structure of entire ecosystems. Although many marine natural products have been studied for biomedical activity, yielding important information about their biochemical effects and mechanisms of action, much less is known about ecological functions. The way in which marine consumers perceive chemical defenses can influence their health and survival and determine whether some natural products persist through a food chain. This article focuses on selected marine natural products, including okadaic acid, brevetoxins, lyngbyatoxin A, caulerpenyne, bryostatins, and isocyano terpenes, …

Molecular Identification Of Chironomid Species Based On Its-1 And Its-2 Regions Of Rdna, Monita Sharma

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Of all major aquatic invertebrate groups, members of family Chironomidae are most abundant and show a wide range of habitat preferences. The importance of correct identification of Chironomids has been realized in many bioassessment studies mainly because of their worldwide distribution, substrate specificities and predictable responses to various pollutants in the water sources. This study establishes that the sequence data from the Intergenic Spacer Regions (ITS) of ribosomal DNA could be used as molecular markers to distinguish between different Chironomidae species and also to identify them. The need to use molecular approaches, to identify various Chironomidae species, comes from the …

Tree Seedling Establishment Under The Native Shrub, Asimina Triloba, Marilyn Cabrini Baumer

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Species that form forest understory layers affect canopy tree seedling establishment worldwide. In the Eastern United States, shrub understories like Rhododendrom maximum, a native evergreen species, and Lonicera maackii, an exotic, invasive species, diminish tree seedling survival. I compared the density and survival of canopy tree seedlings under and outside patches of the native shrub, Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal (Annonaceae) (pawpaw). I also conducted a manipulative experiment to determine whether above ground or below ground competition was more important in seedling growth and survival. Above ground competition was manipulated by tying back the leaves of the pawpaw and below ground …

Acute Toxicity And Immunotoxicity Testing Of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Aquatic And Terrestrial Organisms, Andrea Renee Handy

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The acute toxicity and immunotoxicity of JP-8 jet fuel on Chironomus tentans, Hyallela azteca, Lactuca sativa, Eisenia foetida, and Lumbricus terrestris was assessed using standard USEPA acute toxicity and static renewal toxicity tests. Three methods of spiking test soil with jet fuel were evaluated. In one method acetone was utilized as a carrier and the soil was dried in the fume hood; in another the soil was spiked directly with jet fuel and also was dried; and in the last the soil was spiked directly without drying. There was low survival in C. tentans in all treatments, including controls. There …