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Effect Of Exogenous Application Of Ascorbic Acid On Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Proline Contents, And Growth Parameters Of Saccharum Spp. Hybrid Cv. Hsf-240 Under Salt Stress, Batool Ejaz, Zahoor Ahmad Sajid, Faheem Aftab Jan 2012

Effect Of Exogenous Application Of Ascorbic Acid On Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Proline Contents, And Growth Parameters Of Saccharum Spp. Hybrid Cv. Hsf-240 Under Salt Stress, Batool Ejaz, Zahoor Ahmad Sajid, Faheem Aftab

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of exogenous application of ascorbic acid (AA) through different modes on growth and associated biochemical parameters in Saccharum spp. hybrid cv. HSF-240, under salt stress. In a pot experiment, AA was applied through irrigation or foliar-spray at the concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM with or without 100 mM NaCl concentration. Vegetative growth measurements, antioxidant enzyme activities (POD and SOD), and protein and proline contents of plants were recorded to study the effects of these treatments. The presence of salt reduced the growth of sugarcane plants. The AA application not …


Biological Screening Of Various Medicinal Plant Extracts For Antibacterial And Antitumor Activities, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Arzu Yildirim, Arzu Türker Jan 2012

Biological Screening Of Various Medicinal Plant Extracts For Antibacterial And Antitumor Activities, Fatma Pehli̇van Karakaş, Arzu Yildirim, Arzu Türker

Turkish Journal of Biology

Bioassays of 2 types (antibacterial and antitumor) were performed to show the biological activities of 16 different plants grown in Bolu, Turkey: Clinopodium vulgare L. subsp. vulgare L., Salvia verticillata L. subsp. amasiaca (Frey & Bornm.) Bornm., Salvia tomentosa Mill., Mentha pulegium L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr., Melilotus alba Desr., Medicago lupulina L., Galega officinalis L., Xeranthemum annuum L., Cichorium intybus L., Plantago lanceolata L., Plantago major L. subsp. major, Fumaria officinalis L., Galium palustre L., Echium vulgare L., and Sambucus nigra L. For each plant, 3 different extracts (aqueous, ethanol, and methanol) were obtained, and a total of 48 …


Effect Of Cell-Conditioned Media On Biomass Production Of Leishmania Parasites, Melahat Bagirova, Rabi̇a Çakir Koç, Adi̇l Allahverdi̇yev, Meli̇ke Ersöz Jan 2012

Effect Of Cell-Conditioned Media On Biomass Production Of Leishmania Parasites, Melahat Bagirova, Rabi̇a Çakir Koç, Adi̇l Allahverdi̇yev, Meli̇ke Ersöz

Turkish Journal of Biology

A large amount of parasite biomass production necessitates a higher volume of culture media, and this further increases the overall cost. For this reason, novel and alternative culture supplementary materials have been continuously investigated. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of cell-conditioned media, collected as waste material during routine cell culture, on the growth and development of Leishmania parasites in vitro. In this study, for the first time, we show that cell-conditioned medium obtained from MCF-7 culture increased the growth of Leishmania parasites in vitro. These results show that the metabolites that are present in …


Isolation, Culturing And Characterization Of Rat Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Simple Technique, Mehmet Ni̇yaz, Özer Ayli̇n Gürpinar, Serdar Günaydin, Mehmet Ali̇ Onur Jan 2012

Isolation, Culturing And Characterization Of Rat Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Simple Technique, Mehmet Ni̇yaz, Özer Ayli̇n Gürpinar, Serdar Günaydin, Mehmet Ali̇ Onur

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, our aim was to develop a new simple technique for isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue. For this purpose, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from rat adipose tissue by using the primary explant culture technique. When the cells became confluent, they were passaged 4 times by using the standard trypsinization method with trypsin/EDTA solution. Cells at second passage were characterized by using immunofluorescence staining against CD13 and CD29 markers. The results showed that these cultured cells were positive for CD13 and CD29 markers. Flow cytometry analysis was also done against CD29, CD90, CD54, MHC Class …


Assessment Of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antimycobacterial, And Antifungal Activities Of Some Plants Used As Folk Remedies In Turkey Against Dermatophytes And Yeast-Like Fungi, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Sanem Hoşbaş, Meci̇t Vural Jan 2012

Assessment Of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antimycobacterial, And Antifungal Activities Of Some Plants Used As Folk Remedies In Turkey Against Dermatophytes And Yeast-Like Fungi, Di̇dem Deli̇orman Orhan, Berri̇n Özçeli̇k, Sanem Hoşbaş, Meci̇t Vural

Turkish Journal of Biology

Twenty-seven aqueous extracts obtained from 21 plants used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections as folk remedies in Turkey were investigated for their relative total phenolic contents and antioxidant, antibacterial, antimycobacterial, and antifungal activities. Antibacterial and antifungal activities against dermatophytes and yeast-like fungi were determined using the microdilution method. Antibacterial activity of all extracts was more pronounced against gram-positive bacteria than against gram-negative bacteria. These extracts also exhibited higher antifungal activity against Candida krusei than ketaconazole. Six extracts displayed antidermatophytic activity against Epidermophyton floccosum, while only 3 extracts were highly active against Trichophyton rubrum. The extracts showed strong activity …


Adam10: A Novel Regulator Of Mast Cell Function And Activation, Travis Faber Jan 2012

Adam10: A Novel Regulator Of Mast Cell Function And Activation, Travis Faber

Theses and Dissertations

In this study we show, to our knowledge, the first description of the role ADAM10 plays on mast cells. ADAM10 is abundantly expressed on mast cells both in vitro and in vivo. Its expression is inhibited by IL-10, a suppressive cytokine. siRNA depletion of ADAM10 on bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) caused decreased IL-6 production following IgE cross-linking and also impaired BMMC stem cell factor (SCF)-induced migration through collagen IV. Mast cells and T helper cells (Th cells) in the peritoneum were reduced in ADAM10 KO mice. In addition, ADAM10 KO BMMC produced significantly less of all cytokines measured following …


Biochemical Studies Of Abce1, Lynn Sims Jan 2012

Biochemical Studies Of Abce1, Lynn Sims

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The growth and survival of all cells require functional ribosomes that are capable of protein synthesis. The disruption of the steps required for the function of ribosomes represents a potential future target for pharmacological anti-cancer therapy. ABCE1 is an essential Fe-S protein involved in ribosomal function and is vital for protein synthesis and cell survival. Thus, ABCE1 is potentially a great therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Previously, cell biological, genetic, and structural studies uncovered the general importance of ABCE1, although the exact function of the Fe-S clusters was previously unclear, only a simple structural role was suggested. Additionally, due to …


Slave Drivers; Increased Foraging By Host Workers Under The Slave-Making Ant Plotomognathus Americanus, Kevin Purce Jan 2012

Slave Drivers; Increased Foraging By Host Workers Under The Slave-Making Ant Plotomognathus Americanus, Kevin Purce

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Pleistocene Climatic Change On The Phylogeography Of Euploea Mulciber (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae; Danainae), Elva Yang Jan 2012

The Effects Of Pleistocene Climatic Change On The Phylogeography Of Euploea Mulciber (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae; Danainae), Elva Yang

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.


The Role Of Clay Minerals In The Transformation Of E. Coli, Ekaterini Porttellou Jan 2012

The Role Of Clay Minerals In The Transformation Of E. Coli, Ekaterini Porttellou

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.


Role Of Glia Subsets In Neurodegeneration And Life Span Reduction; Gain-Of-Function Phenotypes Following Glia Specific Overexpression Of Rap/Fzr, An Activator Of The Anaphase-Promoting Complex, Amandeep Kaur Jan 2012

Role Of Glia Subsets In Neurodegeneration And Life Span Reduction; Gain-Of-Function Phenotypes Following Glia Specific Overexpression Of Rap/Fzr, An Activator Of The Anaphase-Promoting Complex, Amandeep Kaur

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.


Anatomical Analysis Of The Feedback Projections From Extrastriate Cortex To Area 18 In Ferret Visual Cortex, Moody Saint Louis Jan 2012

Anatomical Analysis Of The Feedback Projections From Extrastriate Cortex To Area 18 In Ferret Visual Cortex, Moody Saint Louis

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to characterize the cortical inputs to area 18 of ferret visual cerebral cortex. Contrary to feedforward connections, feedback connections are presumed to have a modulatory influence on the responses of lower order neurons providing information already processed. Input from feedback connections can supposedly elicit changes in the response to stimuli within the receptive field and may be involved in the role of discriminating objects relative to the background. The aim of our set of experiments was to fully analyze and compare the anatomical characteristics of feedback connections to area 18 from extrastriate areas as …


The Molecular And Genetic Characterization Of L(3)Hem2 And L(3)Hem1, Putative Novel Alleles Of The Neurogenic Gene, Neuralized, Maria A. Otazo Jan 2012

The Molecular And Genetic Characterization Of L(3)Hem2 And L(3)Hem1, Putative Novel Alleles Of The Neurogenic Gene, Neuralized, Maria A. Otazo

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.


Morphological And Neuroanatomical Changes Associated With The Induction Of Neurodegeneration And Life Span Reduction In Drosophila Melanogaster By Glia Targeted Expression Of Cdh1/Rap/Fzr, An Activator Of The Anaphase Promoting Complex, Israel Nnah Jan 2012

Morphological And Neuroanatomical Changes Associated With The Induction Of Neurodegeneration And Life Span Reduction In Drosophila Melanogaster By Glia Targeted Expression Of Cdh1/Rap/Fzr, An Activator Of The Anaphase Promoting Complex, Israel Nnah

Dissertations and Theses

"The retina aberrant in pattern (rap) gene encodes the Fizzy-related protein (Fzr), an activator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex: the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C). APC/C facilitates the cell cycle stage-specific degradation of cyclins and other mitotic regulators, resulting in the inactivation of Cdk (Cyclin Dependent Kinase) complexes, thus promoting completion of mitosis. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that Rap/Fzr (the Drosophila homolog of the mammalian Cdh1) regulates glia differentiation and promotes neuron formation. Recent studies have shown that the glia specific over expression of Rap/Fzr causes progressive neurodegeneration and life span reduction preceded by temperature sensitive paralysis, …


Whatchu Breathin'?: Sick Building Syndrome And Seasonal Occurrence Of Fungi, Jessica Stapleton Jan 2012

Whatchu Breathin'?: Sick Building Syndrome And Seasonal Occurrence Of Fungi, Jessica Stapleton

Masters Theses

This study was designed to evaluate the presence of sick building syndrome in a classroom at Unity High School (Mendon, Illinois) and contrast differences in the number of fungal spores per cubic meter of air in different rooms in the building and between seasons. Air and surface samples were taken to analyze the number of fungal spores per cubic meter and to evaluate generic fungal diversity. Factors influencing the number of fungal spores per cubic meter and genera of fungal isolates were year-round temperature control in the classroom and the presence or absence of students. Some of the fungi isolated …


Bioavailability, Bioaccumulation, And Trophic Transfer Of Trace Metals In The Tims Branch-Steed Pond Tributary, Paul Gethyn Edwards Jan 2012

Bioavailability, Bioaccumulation, And Trophic Transfer Of Trace Metals In The Tims Branch-Steed Pond Tributary, Paul Gethyn Edwards

Masters Theses

The Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS) is a 777 km2 former nuclear weapon material production and current research facility located along the Savannah River in west-central South Carolina. In 1954, direct environmental discharges were released from "M-Area", a fuel and aluminum-clad Uranium (U) nuclear reactor target manufacturing facility through a drainage ditch into the Tims Branch-Steed Pond water system. The wastewater discharges released into Tims Branch contained large volumes of inorganic wastes including depleted and natural U, aluminum (Al), and Nickel (Ni) along with smaller quantities of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and …


Egg Recognition And Cowbird Egg Ejection Behavior In The American Robin (Turdus Migratorius), Allison Karlien Lang Jan 2012

Egg Recognition And Cowbird Egg Ejection Behavior In The American Robin (Turdus Migratorius), Allison Karlien Lang

Masters Theses

American Robins (Turdus migratorius) typically eject parasitic cowbird eggs from their nests. In order to successfully remove parasitic eggs, robins must first be able to differentiate between their own and foreign eggs and then remove the unwanted egg(s). This study addressed these behaviors. A robin's ability to recognize its own eggs was tested by adding artificial cowbird eggs to robin nests at various parasite-tohost egg ratios which created three treatments: (1) a majority of robin eggs in the nest, (2) an equal number of robin and cowbird eggs, and (3) a majority of cowbird eggs. At 89% of nests (51 …


Comparison Of Silver Carp Population Demographics In An Impounded And A Free Flowing River, Jason G. Stuck Jan 2012

Comparison Of Silver Carp Population Demographics In An Impounded And A Free Flowing River, Jason G. Stuck

Masters Theses

The silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, is an invasive species that has received increased attention due to the proximity of the population in the Illinois River to the economically important Great Lakes and the species ability to dominate the aquatic biomass of an ecosystem. We sought to assess the population demographics of silver carp on two different river ecosystems, the Illinois River and Wabash River. The Illinois River is channelized and dammed for commercial barges, whereas the Wabash River is the longest free flowing river east of the Mississippi River and is still connected to its natural flood plain. Silver carp …


Effect Of Predation Risk And Food Availability On Parental Care And Nest Survival In Suburban And Wildland Florida Scrub-Jays, Joseph M. Niederhauser Jan 2012

Effect Of Predation Risk And Food Availability On Parental Care And Nest Survival In Suburban And Wildland Florida Scrub-Jays, Joseph M. Niederhauser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Individual organisms often use cues from their natural environments to determine many behavioral and life-history "decisions." These "decisions" are usually adaptive, i.e. a response to selection, because the environmental cues on which they are based reliably correlate with increased fitness over time. When the selected behavioral response to a natural cue no longer provides a fitness benefit, then selection for a new response may occur but individuals maintaining the previously selected response may suffer reduced survival and reproduction. Especially in human-modified landscapes individuals making a maladaptive behavioral or life-history choice based on those formerly reliable environmental cues may be faced …


Fine-Scale Geographic Variation Of Stable Isotope And Fatty Acid Signatures Of Three Fish Species In The Indian River Lagoon, Fl, Jennifer Fletcher Odom Jan 2012

Fine-Scale Geographic Variation Of Stable Isotope And Fatty Acid Signatures Of Three Fish Species In The Indian River Lagoon, Fl, Jennifer Fletcher Odom

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Indian River Lagoon, Florida, is a unique closed “bar built” estuary system that has little interchange with the Atlantic Ocean and which is home to many resident species. Three fish species were investigated to see if their isotopic and fatty acid signatures differed based on geographic location. The goal was to assess the degree of resolution of spatial variation that is possible when using stable isotope and fatty acid signature analysis to interpret feeding habits and potential linkages between feeding habits and health status. Spotted seatrout (n=40), pinfish (n=60) and white mullet (n=60) were collected over a 4 week …


Conservation And Population Biology: Genetics, Demography And Habitat Requirements Of The Atlantic Coast Beach Mice, Haakon Myklevoll Kalkvik Jan 2012

Conservation And Population Biology: Genetics, Demography And Habitat Requirements Of The Atlantic Coast Beach Mice, Haakon Myklevoll Kalkvik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The conservation biology field seeks to preserve biodiversity and the processes shaping that variation. Conservation biology is intimately tied to evolutionary research, in order to identify evolutionary distinct lineages that may be in danger of disappearing. Interestingly, patterns and processes of lineage divergence and persistence change with respect to spatial and temporal scale. I seek to evaluate biodiversity, the factors that have shaped this heterogeneity, and how this variability persists. To accomplish this I used a phylogeographic approach as well as niche and population modeling on the Peromyscus maniculatus species group found widely distributed in North America. My emphasis was …


Beyond Building A Tree: Phylogeny Of Pitvipers And Exploration Of Evolutionary Patterns, Allyson Fenwick Jan 2012

Beyond Building A Tree: Phylogeny Of Pitvipers And Exploration Of Evolutionary Patterns, Allyson Fenwick

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As generic and higher-scale evolutionary relationships are increasingly well understood, systematists move research in two directions: 1) understanding specieslevel relationships with dense taxon sampling, and 2) evaluating evolutionary patterns using phylogeny. In this study I address both foci of systematic research using pitvipers, subfamily Crotalinae. For direction one, I evaluate the relationships of 96% of pitvipers by combining independent sets of molecular and phenotypic data. I find the inclusion of species with low numbers of informative characters (i.e. less than 100) negatively impacts resolution of the phylogeny, and the addition of independent datasets has no effect on or a small …


Biophysics, Environmental Stochasticity, And The Evolution Of Thermal Safety Margins In Intertidal Limpets, W. Wesley Dowd, M. W. Denny Jan 2012

Biophysics, Environmental Stochasticity, And The Evolution Of Thermal Safety Margins In Intertidal Limpets, W. Wesley Dowd, M. W. Denny

Biology Faculty Works

As the air temperature of the Earth rises, ecological relationships within a community might shift, in part due to differences in the thermal physiology of species. Prediction of these shifts – an urgent task for ecologists – will be complicated if thermal tolerance itself can rapidly evolve. Here, we employ a mechanistic approach to predict the potential for rapid evolution of thermal tolerance in the intertidal limpet Lottia gigantea. Using biophysical principles to predict body temperature as a function of the state of the environment, and an environmental bootstrap procedure to predict how the environment fluctuates through time, we create …


In Vivo Evaluation Of Microfibrous Bioactive Borate Glasses For Use In Wound Healing, Yinan Lin Jan 2012

In Vivo Evaluation Of Microfibrous Bioactive Borate Glasses For Use In Wound Healing, Yinan Lin

Masters Theses

"This project consisted of two parts focused on in vivo evaluation of microfibrous bioactive borate glasses for use in wound healing. Part one of the project involved subcutaneous implantation of two types of borate glass microfibers and 45S5 glass micro fibers in the dorsum of rats and histologically evaluating the soft tissues at the implant sites at 2 to 4 weeks post surgery. The primary objective was to assess the angiogenic response to the implanted materials. The 13-93B3 and 13-93B3Cu glass microfibers were found to significantly increase the microvascular density in soft tissue, an outcome that suggests these simple and …


Leptin Promotes Glioblastoma , Johnathan Lawrence, Nicholas J. Cook, Richard A. Rovin, Robert J. Winn Jan 2012

Leptin Promotes Glioblastoma , Johnathan Lawrence, Nicholas J. Cook, Richard A. Rovin, Robert J. Winn

Journal Articles

The hormone leptin has a variety of functions. Originally known for its role in satiety and weight loss, leptin more recently has been shown to augment tumor growth in a variety of cancers. Within gliomas, there is a correlation between tumor grade and tumor expression of leptin and its receptor. This suggests that autocrine signaling within the tumor microenvironment may promote the growth of high-grade gliomas. Leptin does this through stimulation of cellular pathways that are also advantageous for tumor growth and recurrence: antiapoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and migration. Conversely, a loss of leptin expression attenuates tumor growth. In animal models …


The Freshwater Crabs Of Ethiopia, Northeastern Africa, With The Description Of A New Potamonautes Cave Species , Neil Cumberlidge, Paul F. Clark Jan 2012

The Freshwater Crabs Of Ethiopia, Northeastern Africa, With The Description Of A New Potamonautes Cave Species , Neil Cumberlidge, Paul F. Clark

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.


Life History Response To Infection And The Potential For Dishonest Signals In The Ground Cricket, Allonemobius Socius, Emily Copeland Jan 2012

Life History Response To Infection And The Potential For Dishonest Signals In The Ground Cricket, Allonemobius Socius, Emily Copeland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In order to maximize fitness, individuals must partition their limited resources among competing physiological processes, creating negative statistical associations between processes known as “life-history trade-offs”. Evidence indicates that individuals tend to decrease their reproductive investment when confronted with a significant immunological challenge in order to increase investment in immune defense. This trade-off is often accompanied by a significant decrease in the sexual signal, which provides an honest signal of the male’s infection status to potential mates. However, if individual residual reproductive value is low, they may instead increase their reproductive investment to maximize reproductive success before the end of their …


Effect Of Low Maternal Aldosterone On Offspring Cardiovascular Development, Travis Dean Mckee Jan 2012

Effect Of Low Maternal Aldosterone On Offspring Cardiovascular Development, Travis Dean Mckee

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Maternal conditions are well known to affect fetal cardiovascular development. This study was designed to investigate in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the effects of maternal aldosterone suppression on the development of hypertension in the offspring. A sham procedure or a right adrenalectomy combined with cryodestruction of the zona glomerulosa of the left adrenal gland was performed on SHR females. The rats were mated and male offspring were implanted at 11-13 weeks of age with a PA-C40 remote monitoring device placed into the femoral artery to record cardiovascular parameters for 4 weeks. Systolic (mmHg), diastolic (mmHg), and mean blood pressure (mmHg), …


Influences Of Adjacent Land-Use On Avian Community Structure In Sub-Boreal Peatlands Of The Midwest, Lucas J. Wandrie Jan 2012

Influences Of Adjacent Land-Use On Avian Community Structure In Sub-Boreal Peatlands Of The Midwest, Lucas J. Wandrie

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Surrounding land use influences avian community structure; moreover, anthropogenic manipulation of habitat can alter bird species richness and composition. In the first chapter of my thesis work, I conducted avian surveys at 20 sub-boreal peatlands in eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin to detect correlations between land development and bird community structure. Peatlands are wetlands that accumulate decaying organic plant material (peat) and provide valuable and diverse habitats to a variety of flora and fauna. I measured urban and cropland development at three spatial scales (500 m, 1000 m, and 2500 m radii). Effects of development on avian communities also were …


Direct Fitness Correlates And Thermal Consequences Of Facultative Aggregation In A Desert Lizard, Alison R. Davis Rabosky, Ammon Corl, Heather E.M. Liwanag, Yann Surget-Groba, Barry Sinervo Jan 2012

Direct Fitness Correlates And Thermal Consequences Of Facultative Aggregation In A Desert Lizard, Alison R. Davis Rabosky, Ammon Corl, Heather E.M. Liwanag, Yann Surget-Groba, Barry Sinervo

Biology Faculty Publications

Social aggregation is a common behavioral phenomenon thought to evolve through adaptive benefits to group living. Comparing fitness differences between aggregated and solitary individuals in nature – necessary to infer an evolutionary benefit to living in groups – has proven difficult because communally-living species tend to be obligately social and behaviorally complex. However, these differences and the mechanisms driving them are critical to understanding how solitary individuals transition to group living, as well as how and why nascent social systems change over time. Here we demonstrate that facultative aggregation in a reptile (the Desert Night Lizard, Xantusia vigilis) confers …