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Results Of Three Small Excavations At Nahf, Upper Galilee (Pp. 87–101), Howard Smithline Jan 2025

Results Of Three Small Excavations At Nahf, Upper Galilee (Pp. 87–101), Howard Smithline

'Atiqot

The village of Nahf is located north of Karmi’el, on the lower southern slope of the Mount Meron Massif. The three areas excavated revealed occupational levels from Early Bronze Age IB, Early Bronze Age II, Middle Bronze Age II, Iron Age I–II and the Persian period. Large quantities of Hellenistic-period potsherds, including many storage vessels and a stamped Rhodian amphora handle, point to the site’s important role as a commercial center for the production of oil and wine during this period. The Hellenistic settlement ceased to exist during the second half of the second century BCE, probably following the Hasmonean …

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Excavations At Ḥorbat Malta, Lower Galilee (Pp. 5–79), Karen Covello-Paran Jan 2025

Excavations At Ḥorbat Malta, Lower Galilee (Pp. 5–79), Karen Covello-Paran

'Atiqot

Excavations at Ḥorbat Malta, located in the Nazareth Hills, exposed evidence of occupation dating to Middle Bronze Age II (potsherds), Iron Age II and the Persian and Roman periods. The Iron II occupation included a massive fortification wall and many rock-hewn installations, including channels, grinding and pounding stones and possibly, winepresses (Area A), as well as a four-room house (Area C). The Iron Age settlement reveals intra-site planning, familiar from other contemporary sites in the central hill region. The architectural elements of the Persian period are chiefly of a domestic nature, including stone buildings, numerous rock-hewn installations (Area B), pits …

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Pottery Production At Ḥorbat Rodem Near Bet She’An (Pp. 37*–46*), Karen Covello-Paran, Dina Avshalom-Gorni Jan 2025

Pottery Production At Ḥorbat Rodem Near Bet She’An (Pp. 37*–46*), Karen Covello-Paran, Dina Avshalom-Gorni

'Atiqot

The site is located north of Bet She’an and sits on brown basaltic soil. Two occupational layers were revealed, dating from the Late Hellenistic–Early Roman (Stratum II) and the Late Roman–Early Byzantine (Stratum I) periods. Most of the potsherds retrieved were attributed to the later phase. A study of the frequency of the pottery types indicates that a workshop operated at the site, specializing in the production of storage vessels. As few analogous vessels are known from contemporary sites outside of Bet She’an, it would seem that the urban center at Bet She’an was large enough to support the pottery …

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A Late Roman Period Burial Cave And Dump At Tell Qasile (Hebrew, Pp. 29–36; English Summary, Pp. 54–55), Etan Ayalon, Semadar Harpazi-Ofer Jan 2025

A Late Roman Period Burial Cave And Dump At Tell Qasile (Hebrew, Pp. 29–36; English Summary, Pp. 54–55), Etan Ayalon, Semadar Harpazi-Ofer

'Atiqot

On the southwestern fringes of Tell Qasile, a burial cave hewn in sandstone (kurkar) was exposed. It was almost completely destroyed in the past, and only the lower eastern part was preserved. The pottery and coins found in the cave dated to the Late Roman period (third–fourth centuries CE). The upper parts of some of the jars had been purposely removed, attesting that they may have served as ossuaries. The numerous animal bones and rampant disorder indicate that the cave was used a dump in a later phase. The finds from the cave point at either a Jewish or Samaritan …

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Tel Hazor: Areas Q (The Eastern Spur) And N (Pp. 17*–42*), Karen Covello-Paran Jan 2025

Tel Hazor: Areas Q (The Eastern Spur) And N (Pp. 17*–42*), Karen Covello-Paran

'Atiqot

Excavations in the eastern Lower City of Tel Hazor revealed part of a courtyard building (Area Q2) and a rampart (Area Q3), as well as a drainage channel and a rampart system (Area N). The building, dating to the Late Bronze Age, exhibited three building phases. Beneath the Phase II floor, two storage-jar burials were found, one of which contained fragmentary bones of a child. The finds in the building were sparse, including decorated ware, Bichrome ware and Chocolate-on-White ware. Also found were a zoomorphic figurine, an anthropomorphic(?) object and an alabastron. The building was of public (administrative?) character, as …

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A Middle Bronze Age Iia–B Tomb At Bet She’An (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–20*; English Summary, Pp. 195–196), Michael Cohen Jan 2025

A Middle Bronze Age Iia–B Tomb At Bet She’An (Hebrew, Pp. 11*–20*; English Summary, Pp. 195–196), Michael Cohen

'Atiqot

The tomb, uncovered beneath the Bet She’an Youth Hostel, was hewn from the local travertine. At least four individuals were interred in the cave, each with their associated burial goods—pottery vessels and metal artifacts. The finds date from the end of Middle Bronze Age IIA to the transition to Middle Bronze Age IIB. It seems that the tomb served the population of a nearby settlement located about 800 m from Tel Bet She’an.

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The Medieval Ceramics From Khirbat Ka‘Kul (Pp. 75–104), Adrian J. Boas Jan 2025

The Medieval Ceramics From Khirbat Ka‘Kul (Pp. 75–104), Adrian J. Boas

'Atiqot

The ceramic assemblage from Khirbat Ka‘kul is typical of village sites from the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries CE, reflecting on the regionalism of certain wares and the broad distribution of others. Some imported wares from Cyprus were found as well, probably indicating trade in imports. Handmade painted wares are numerous amongst the finds, as are coarse handmade cooking pots. A small quantity of metal, bone and stone finds was recovered, the most exceptional being a small bronze cross.

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An Intermediate Bronze Age Cemetery At Azor (Hebrew, Pp. 1–28; English Summary, Pp. 53–54), Eli Yannai Jan 2025

An Intermediate Bronze Age Cemetery At Azor (Hebrew, Pp. 1–28; English Summary, Pp. 53–54), Eli Yannai

'Atiqot

A total of 39 single-chambered shaft tombs were excavated on a flat kurkar hill south of Tel Azor. The pottery finds from the tombs are locally produced, forming part of a unique regional group, typical of the central coastal plain during the Intermediate Bronze Age. The wide distribution of the tombs over the entire area of the Azor cemetery, and the lack of evidence of a settlement there, suggest that the hill was only used for burial. This distinction between the burial ground and the settlement is known from elsewhere in the country during this period, and therefore, must have …

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Subterranean Storage Chambers From The Early Bronze Age Ib At Giv‘At Qesem (Pp. 1*–12*), Deborah A. Sklar-Parnes, Emanuel Eisenberg Jan 2025

Subterranean Storage Chambers From The Early Bronze Age Ib At Giv‘At Qesem (Pp. 1*–12*), Deborah A. Sklar-Parnes, Emanuel Eisenberg

'Atiqot

Some 2 km east of Tel Afeq, an excavation was conducted in three subterranean chambers exposed during construction works. The chambers, which were accessed by vertical shafts, probably served as storerooms for a nearby settlement. The pottery and flint objects, found in fills within the caves, date to Early Bronze Age IB. The surface treatment of the pottery reflects aspects of the northern EB IB culture, while the shapes of the vessels reveal a southern influence. These finds shed light on domestic and storage activities in the fourth millennium BCE.

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Be’Er Sheva‘, Ramot Neighborhood, Site 49 (Hebrew, Pp. 1–14; English Summary, Pp. 59*–60*), Oded Feder, Nimrod Negev Jan 2025

Be’Er Sheva‘, Ramot Neighborhood, Site 49 (Hebrew, Pp. 1–14; English Summary, Pp. 59*–60*), Oded Feder, Nimrod Negev

'Atiqot

The site, located on the southern spur of the Goral Hills, overlooks the Be’er Sheva‘ Valley. Two structures were discovered dating to Iron Age IIB–C: a dwelling and an adjacent storage building. The dwelling is of the four-room house type, fronted by a courtyard. A staircase south of its opening led to a second story. The pottery finds included mainly tableware, as well as storage vessels. The adjacent storage building is elongated and oriented east–west. It was filled with a layer of collapse overlying an ash layer that contained production waste. The debris probably originated in a pottery workshop or …

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Jerusalem, Khirbat Ka‘Kul (Pisgat Ze’Ev H): Early Roman Farmsteads And A Medieval Village (Pp. 1–73), Jon Seligman Jan 2025

Jerusalem, Khirbat Ka‘Kul (Pisgat Ze’Ev H): Early Roman Farmsteads And A Medieval Village (Pp. 1–73), Jon Seligman

'Atiqot

The extensive survey and excavations at the site revealed remains from the late Hellenistic and Early Roman periods, including structures and installations—two ritual baths (miqva’ot), winepresses(?), cisterns, tombs and a columbarium—representing various aspects of rural life. These were probably part of a Jewish village set within the agricultural hinterland of Hasmonean and Herodian Jerusalem. The remains of the medieval village covered a small area on the summit. The economy of this village was based on oil production, as attested by the large oil press that was uncovered. Stone quarrying and the production of lime were also practiced at this site. …

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The Archaeozoological Finds From The Shoham (North) Caves (Hebrew, Pp. 161–168; English Summary, Pp. 64–65), Moshe Sade Jan 2025

The Archaeozoological Finds From The Shoham (North) Caves (Hebrew, Pp. 161–168; English Summary, Pp. 64–65), Moshe Sade

'Atiqot

The archaeozoological findings from Shoham (North) originated in three caves and are associated with the Chalcolithic period, Early Bronze Age IB and the Intermediate Bronze Age. The main domestic mammal in the Chalcolithic period was the donkey, representing an outstanding percentage, probably reflecting its importance during this period.

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Faunal Remains From A Late Chalcolithic–Bronze Age Dwelling And Burial Caves At Shoham (North), Lod Valley (Pp. 1*–15*), Liora Kolska Horwitz Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From A Late Chalcolithic–Bronze Age Dwelling And Burial Caves At Shoham (North), Lod Valley (Pp. 1*–15*), Liora Kolska Horwitz

'Atiqot

Four Late Chalcolithic burial caves were excavated at Shoham (North). Within these caves, 1052 identifiable animal bones were recovered: 712 bones originated from Chalcolithic deposits; 179, from Early Bronze Age I deposits; 9, from Intermediate Bronze Age deposits; and 152, from mixed Chalcolithic/EB I sediments. The identified species were similar in both Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age samples, representing mainly domestic animals, e.g., sheep, goats, pigs and dogs, as well as large-sized equids (wild ass?). The samples differ, however, in their relative frequencies, which might represent different activities in the cave. The data presented in this article suggest that both …

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A Sacred Mountain And Storytelling About Pilgrimage: Contemporary Religious Practice Of Incense Associations At Mount Tai, Ziqi Xuan Jan 2025

A Sacred Mountain And Storytelling About Pilgrimage: Contemporary Religious Practice Of Incense Associations At Mount Tai, Ziqi Xuan

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

As a form of pilgrimage in China, the Chaoshan jinxiang (朝山進香, ‘offering incense towards the mountain’), is a ritual that has garnered significant academic attention. However, research on contemporary incense offering practices remains inadequate. Grounded in fieldwork conducted from September 2023 to January 2024, this paper delves into the pilgrimage practices of local incense associations at Mount Tai, a historical site steeped in profound religious significance for centuries. Within the framework of collective memory studies, the paper posits that the contemporary practices of incense offering used to connect with spiritual beings during the pilgrimage to Mount Tai highlight a shift …

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Punish Yet Cannot Discipline: Two Iraqi Prison Novels, Hanan Jasim Khammas Jan 2025

Punish Yet Cannot Discipline: Two Iraqi Prison Novels, Hanan Jasim Khammas

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

Al-Munāḍil (The Militant) (1972) by ʿAzīz al-Sayyid Jāsim, and Iʿjām (Iʿjaam) (2004) by Sinan Antoon are two prison novels about the historical turning points which mark the rise and fall of the Baʿth regime in Iraq. While the first employs imprisonment as a lens through to expose the corruption and injustice exercised by the monarchy against the emergent revolutionary power, the second shows the Baʿthist government applying similar methods of surveillance, and of physical and psychological torture. Reading these texts by al-Sayyid Jāsim, who died in the Baʿth prisons, and by Antoon who wrote Iʿjaam …

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Terrorists, Spies, And Diplomatic Crises: The Birth Of Morocco’S Multimedia Prison Literature, Brahim El Guabli Jan 2025

Terrorists, Spies, And Diplomatic Crises: The Birth Of Morocco’S Multimedia Prison Literature, Brahim El Guabli

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

This article captures the literary shift that accompanied the transformation of the nature of political imprisonment in Morocco in the last twenty years. Focusing on the new victims of state violence, who fall within two categories: prisoners accused of terrorism and those accused of heinous sexual crimes, this article argues that the emergence of these new criminal profiles has led to the establishment of a transnational “Multimedia Prison Literature” (MPL). Drawing on the cases of Ali Arras, a Belgian-Moroccan whom Spain delivered to Morocco for terrorist charges, and Mohamed Hajib, a German-Moroccan citizen whom Germany extradited to his country of …

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Captivity, Resistance And Political Consciousness In Walid Daqqa’S Prison Literature, Ashjan Ajour Jan 2025

Captivity, Resistance And Political Consciousness In Walid Daqqa’S Prison Literature, Ashjan Ajour

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

This article examines the prison literature of the Palestinian intellectual Walid Daqqa who has been serving a life sentence for resistance since 1986 in Israeli prisons. From the depth of his experience he writes about his conceptualization of captivity, colonial violence, the resistance of the Palestinian political prisoners in the Israeli prison system and the construction of Palestinian national imagination in his book Consciousness Molded: or The Re-Identification of Palestinian Torture (2010) Published in Arabic and his first young adults novel The Story of the Oil’s Secret (Ḥikayat Sir al-Zeit) published in 2018 in Arabic. Daqqa has become …

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Palestinian Prisoners: Smuggling Freedom, Writing From Captivity, Basil Farraj Jan 2025

Palestinian Prisoners: Smuggling Freedom, Writing From Captivity, Basil Farraj

CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture

This article discusses writings by Palestinian political prisoners and the broader body of prison literature situating them as practices of ‘smuggling freedom’ from Israel’s carceral regime, shedding light onto their political and social meaning. Through discussing writings by prisoners, the article points to a long history through which Palestinian prisoners confronted the Israeli regime’s torture and violent practices, and its broader project of eliminating the political nature of captivity. The article argues that prisoners’ writings reveal much about the dynamics of carceral power and violence, and the logic behind the confrontation practices used by prisoners in Palestine and beyond. These …

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An Early Bronze Age Tomb Of The ‘Common People’(?) In The ‘En Esur (‘Ein Asawir) Cemetery (Pp. 85–112), Amir Gorzalczany, Jacob Sharvit Jan 2025

An Early Bronze Age Tomb Of The ‘Common People’(?) In The ‘En Esur (‘Ein Asawir) Cemetery (Pp. 85–112), Amir Gorzalczany, Jacob Sharvit

'Atiqot

Within the boundaries of the ancient cemeteries associated with the protohistoric settlement of ‘En Esur, another tomb (T80), dated to EB IB–EB II, was discovered. A close examination of the burial gifts reveals a notable regionalism, in contrast with the imported and luxurygoodsdiscovered in other tombs in the ‘En Esur cemeteries. The local nature of the finds and lack of prestige items, as well as the anthropological analysis of the interred, might suggest that a less-affluent group of people was buried here.

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Faunal Remains From Tel Malot (East) (Pp. 83–84), Ron Kehati Jan 2025

Faunal Remains From Tel Malot (East) (Pp. 83–84), Ron Kehati

'Atiqot

A small assemblage of 36 animal bone fragments was retrievedfrom loci dating to the Pottery Neolithic period and the Middle and Late Bronze Ages at Tel Malot (East). The predominant species were sheep and goats, exploited for husbandry and for secondary products at the site, and probably also for meat.

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Remains From The Late Prehistoric To Early Islamic Periods At The Foot Of Tel Malot (East) (Pp. 25–77), Giora Parnos, Ianir Milevski, Hamoudi Khalaily Jan 2025

Remains From The Late Prehistoric To Early Islamic Periods At The Foot Of Tel Malot (East) (Pp. 25–77), Giora Parnos, Ianir Milevski, Hamoudi Khalaily

'Atiqot

This report presents the results of two separate salvage excavations conducted east of Tel Malot in the region of ‘Emeq Ayyalon. The earliest presence at the site dates to the early Pottery Neolithic period, comprising an occupation horizon and pits. Several other pits contained artifacts of the Chalcolithic period. The excavated area was also settledduring Middle Bronze Age II, and possibly through Late Bronze Age I, when the area served for agricultural and industrial activities. Remains from the Iron Age and Persian period are meager. A winepress from the Hellenistic period suggests the existence of a farming community at the …

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Prehistoric Investigations Along The Cross-Israel Highway: State Of Research (Pp. 5–23), Hamoudi Khalaily, Ofer Marder Jan 2025

Prehistoric Investigations Along The Cross-Israel Highway: State Of Research (Pp. 5–23), Hamoudi Khalaily, Ofer Marder

'Atiqot

Prehistoric research along the Cross-Israel Highway was undertaken from the earliest planning stages of the archaeological surveys along the intended route. During this survey, much data was accumulated concerning site function, economics, intra-site interaction etc. In the systematic survey and the subsequent excavations, 31 prehistoric sites were identified, dating from the Lower Paleolithic period to the Chalcolithic period, covering a time span of c. 500,000 years. This review presents a brief description of the surveyed and excavated sites for which there is available data, as well as a comparison with other sites from the same period.

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Pottery From The Late Byzantine Remains Near Shiqmona (Pp. 183–208), Rivka Calderon Jan 2025

Pottery From The Late Byzantine Remains Near Shiqmona (Pp. 183–208), Rivka Calderon

'Atiqot

The pottery from the Byzantine monastery near Shiqmona was found in three loci, sealed beneath the chapel floor; they date the construction of the floor to the sixth–seventh centuries CE. The finds from the buildings include bases with impressed decorations—male figures, a rabbit and a cross—common in the late fifth–early sixth centuries CE. The pottery from the winepress was found in the collecting pits, which later became waste dumps, comprising vessels from the sixth century CE, most of which continued until the seventh century. The finds from the tombs, although robbed or disturbed prior to the excavation, also date to …

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Late Byzantine Remains Near Shiqmona: A Monastery, A Cemetery And A Winepress (Pp. 147–182), Raz Kletter Jan 2025

Late Byzantine Remains Near Shiqmona: A Monastery, A Cemetery And A Winepress (Pp. 147–182), Raz Kletter

'Atiqot

Excavation at the site of Shiqmona, east of the Tel Aviv–Haifa highway, revealed finds from the late Byzantine period, including a monastery, a large winepress, a dozen rock-cut tombs and two large buildings. The monastery is a large building, incorporating the chapel excavated by Makhouly in 1940, which was re-discovered. The monastery was dated on the basis of the meager pottery finds to the sixth century CE. North and south of the chapel were found marble and stone fragments, probably originating from the chapel, adorned with motifs known from mosaics of the same period. The finds here point that Shiqmona …

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A Bronze Age Site At Naḥal Rimmonim In The Jezreel Valley (Pp. 53–74), Karen Covello-Paran Jan 2025

A Bronze Age Site At Naḥal Rimmonim In The Jezreel Valley (Pp. 53–74), Karen Covello-Paran

'Atiqot

In salvage excavations carried out at the site of Naḥal Rimmonin, in the southwestern part of the Jezreel Valley, three superimposed strata were revealed: two dating from the Intermediate Bronze Age and one, to Middle Bronze Age IIA. The pottery repertoire of the Intermediate Bronze Age is typical of contemporary sites in the Jezreel Valley, dominated by bowls, holemouths, cooking pots and storage jars; flint tools were found as well. The MB IIA stratum revealed a domestic structure, beneath the floors of which were interments of infants. The pottery assemblage from this period represents two archaeological contexts: accumulations and burials. …

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The Early Bronze Age Site Of Ashqelon, Afridar—Area M (With Contributions By Hamoudi Khalaily, Moshe Sade And Elisabetta Boaretto) (Pp. 19–51), Amir Golani Jan 2025

The Early Bronze Age Site Of Ashqelon, Afridar—Area M (With Contributions By Hamoudi Khalaily, Moshe Sade And Elisabetta Boaretto) (Pp. 19–51), Amir Golani

'Atiqot

Two strata dating to Early Bronze Age IA were discerned in Area M in the Afridar neighborhood at Ashqelon. Both EB IA strata revealed settlement remains, featuring typical curvilinear architecture; however, the earlier buildings were built of stone, while the later ones were made of mudbricks. The Stratum I habitation level contained several copper-melting installations. The pottery assemblage is characteristic of EB IA in southwestern Canaan, including V-shaped bowls and holemouth jars. Also found were ground-stone artifacts and flint tools, dominated by the Canaanean Industry.

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Excavations At Khirbat Marmita (Pp. 139–178), Lilly Gershuny Jan 2025

Excavations At Khirbat Marmita (Pp. 139–178), Lilly Gershuny

'Atiqot

Three building complexes were uncovered at the site, as well as various installations that were quarried into bedrock. The buildings date from the first half of the first century BCE (Building 20/23), from the Hellenistic–Early Roman period (Building 84) and from the Herodian period (c. 30 to at least 67 CE; Building 104). Among the installations were five simple winepresses, typical of the Roman and Byzantine periods; a lever-and-weights oil press; cisterns with square or circular shafts; 33 cupmarks; caves; quarries; and a miqweh. The finds include pottery vessels, stone and basalt vases, glass vessels and metal artifacts. It seems …

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Archaeozoological Finds From The Excavations West Of Tell Qasille (Pp. 135–137), Moshe Sade Jan 2025

Archaeozoological Finds From The Excavations West Of Tell Qasille (Pp. 135–137), Moshe Sade

'Atiqot

Animal bones were found inside four of the tombs dated to Middle Bronze Age II. Each tomb contained the remains of one sheep/goat, usually within vessels. It seems that the people at this site raised cattle. A large number of donkey bones were also found. Sea shells were also present, probably due to the proximity of the site to the Mediterranean shore. Many animal bones were found in the Hellenistic-period assemblage.

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A Middle Bronze Age Ii Site West Of Tell Qasille (Pp. 65–128), Raz Kletter Jan 2025

A Middle Bronze Age Ii Site West Of Tell Qasille (Pp. 65–128), Raz Kletter

'Atiqot

The site remains comprise a cemetery, two pottery kilns and a settlement dating to Middle Bronze Age II. Ten burials were excavated, all except one (T800) were rectangular pit-graves dug into kurkar sandstone. Each grave contained one to three individuals; T800, which was round, contained seven individuals in secondary deposition. The average grave assemblage comprised about ten pottery vessels, which were usually placed in a row next to one long side of the burial. The pottery kilns are almost identical in size, direction and structure. They are of the vertical type, with two main superimposed parts: a combustion chamber and …

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Chalcolithic Burial Sites At Ma‘Abarot And Tel Ifshar (Pp. 45–63), Yosef Porath Jan 2025

Chalcolithic Burial Sites At Ma‘Abarot And Tel Ifshar (Pp. 45–63), Yosef Porath

'Atiqot

The two burial sites are located in the Sharon plain, south and north of Naḥal Alexander. The kidney-shaped cave at Ma‘abarot was hewn in the kurkar sandstone. All the burials in the cave were secondary. Of the 63 burials identified, 42 were placed in three types of ceramic vessels—house-shaped ossuaries, chest-shaped ossuaries and large domestic kraters—and 21, in ‘bone heaps’. The finds consisted of pottery vessels typical of the Chalcolithic period, e.g., V-shaped bowls and fenestrated bowls and bottles, and a flake from a flint digging tool. At Tel Ifshar, two burial places were discovered, both damaged by infrastructure work. …

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