Digital Commons Network^™

Understanding The Microbial Biogeography Of Ancient Human Dentitions To Guide Study Design And Interpretation, Zandra Fagernäs, Domingo C. Salazar-Garcia, Maria Hadar Uriarte, Azucena Avilés Fernández, Amanda G. Henry, Joaquín Lomba Maurandi, Andrew T. Ozga, Irina M. Velsko, Christina Warinner

Biology Faculty Articles

The oral cavity is a heterogeneous environment, varying in factors such as pH, oxygen levels, and salivary flow. These factors affect the microbial community composition and distribution of species in dental plaque, but it is not known how well these patterns are reflected in archaeological dental calculus. In most archaeological studies, a single sample of dental calculus is studied per individual and is assumed to represent the entire oral cavity. However, it is not known if this sampling strategy introduces biases into studies of the ancient oral microbiome. Here, we present the results of a shotgun metagenomic study of a …

A Multi-Proxy Assessment Of The Impact Of Environmental Instability On Late Holocene (4500-3800 Bp) Native American Villages Of The Georgia Coast, Carey J. Garland, Victor D. Thompson, Matthew C. Sanger, Karen Y. Smith, Fred T. Andrus, Nathan R. Lawres, Katharine G. Napora, Carol E. Colaninno, J. Matthew Compton, Sharyn Jones, Carla S. Hadden, Alexander Cherkinsky, Thomas Maddox, Yi-Ting Deng, Isabelle H. Lulewicz, Lindsey Parsons

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Circular shell rings along the South Atlantic Coast of North America are the remnants of some of the earliest villages that emerged during the Late Archaic (5000-3000 BP). Many of these villages, however, were abandoned during the Terminal Late Archaic (ca 3800-3000 BP). We combine Bayesian chronological modeling with mollusk shell geochemistry and oyster paleobiology to understand the nature and timing of environmental change associated with the emergence and abandonment of circular shell ring villages on Sapelo Island, Georgia. Our Bayesian models indicate that Native Americans occupied the three Sapelo shell rings at varying times with some generational overlap. By …

Looking Back, Looking Forward: Resilience And Persistence In A Klamath Tribal Community, Thomas J. Connolly, Christopher L. Ruiz, Douglas Deur, Perry Chocktoot Jr., Jaime L. Kennedy, Dennis L. Jenkins, Julia A. Knowles

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The process of human culture entails a perpetual negotiation between the familiar and the new. In the Americas, this process was much accelerated and amplified within Native communities by the historical processes of colonization. We use the record of the Beatty Curve archaeological site in south-central Oregon to examine how members of the Klamath Tribes and their ancestors selectively adopted, adapted, or repurposed introduced materials and practices most compatible with traditional lifeways and values while also maintaining many traditional practices, both overtly and covertly. Transformations from pre-contact to reservation life, and through Termination and Restoration in the 20th century, are …

Lenopi Basketmaking In Southern New Jersey: A Traditional Skill That Survived Into The Twentieth Century, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tempering Our Expectations: Drinking, Smoking, And The Economy Of A Western Massachusetts Farmstead-Tavern, Laura E. Masur, Aaron F. Miller

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Between 1800 and 1830, William Sanford and his family operated a tavern in Hawley, a hilltown in western Massachusetts. The establishment was located on the town’s common, adjacent to the community’s Congregational meetinghouse and several other taverns. At the initiative of the local historical preservation group the Sons and Daughters of Hawley, archaeologists, students, teachers, and community members excavated the tavern site between 2011 and 2014. Historical and archaeological research indicates that William Sanford’s homestead functioned not only as a tavern, but also as a farm, store, smithy, and occasionally a court of law. Material evidence of alcohol and tobacco …

"Set Fier To The Town Of Charlestown Wich Consumed Almost Every House In That Town": An Analysis Of Window Leads From The Three Cranes Tavern Site, Timothy B. Riordan

Northeast Historical Archaeology

A lack of published data on window leads from sites in New England prompted a project analyzing the sample from the Three Cranes Tavern site in Charlestown, MA. This structure was built c. 1629 in anticipation of John Winthrop's arrival to settle Massachusetts Bay. For most of its existence, it was used as an ordinary. Like the rest of Charlestown, it was destroyed on June 17, 1775 during the battle of Bunker Hill. Excavated as part of the "Big Dig" in 1985, the sample included 148 items identified as window leads. Within this sample were window leads, window ties, and …

"A Quixote In Imagination Might Here Find...An Ideal Baronage": Landscapes Of Power, Enslavement, Resistance, And Freedom At Sherwood Forest Plantation, Lauren K. Mcmillan

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In the winter of 1862, two armed forces descended upon Fredericksburg; one blue, one gray. After suffering heavy losses during the Battle of Fredericksburg, the Union Army retreated to the northern banks of the Rappahannock River, making camp in Stafford County. From December 1862 until June 1863, the Union Army overran local plantations and small farm holdings throughout the area, including at Sherwood Forest, the home of the Fitzhugh family. Sherwood Forest was used as field hospital, a signal station, a balloon launch reconnaissance station, and a general encampment during the winter and spring of 1862/1863. Throughout the roughly six-month …

“Take An Ounce Of Suffolk Cheese”: Home Repair Of Eighteenth Century Ceramics At Ferry Farm, George Washington’S Boyhood Home, Mara Z. Kaktins, Melanie Marquis, Ruth Ann Armitage, Daniel Fraser

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The archaeological discovery at Ferry Farm of eighteenth century glue residues on tea and tablewares belonging to George Washington’s mother, Mary, raised a number of questions. Although recent research in the archaeological and decorative arts community on repaired ceramic and glasswares was helpful to some extent it primarily focused on professional repairs. At-home mending remained a mystery. Archaeologists at Ferry Farm responded by conducting extensive experimental archaeology on historic glues, replicating period glue recipes to determine the properties of these historic adhesives. Additionally, residue samples of suspected glue were analyzed by chemists from Eastern Michigan and Lourdes Universities utilizing Direct …

The Historical Archaeology Of Eighteenth-Century Tenancy At The Snowden Park Site (44sp0642), D. Brad Hatch, Kerry Gonzalez

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Data recovery excavations at the Snowden Park Site (44SP0642) conducted by Dovetail in June 2014 revealed evidence of a late-eighteenth-century tenant farmstead on the outskirts of Fredericksburg. The tenant status of the site occupants, the McCoy family, was gleaned from historical records related to the site, providing the opportunity to interpret the material culture recovered during the excavation in the context of eighteenth-century tenancy. How did the archaeological remains at this site relate to other contemporary sites in the region? Were there material manifestations of tenancy that could be recognized? Comparing the landscape, faunal remains, and ceramics from Fall Hill …

The Architecture And Landscape Of Slavery In Fredericksburg, Virginia, Douglas W. Sanford

Northeast Historical Archaeology

The African Americans who endured institutional enslavement played a critical role in the history of Fredericksburg from its 18^th-century founding to its Civil War era turmoil. Only recently have historians, archaeologists, and architectural historians brought scholarly and more public attention to bear on the people who comprised over a third of the city’s population as well as its main labor force. Surprisingly little archaeological work on slave-related sites and structures has occurred. This research relies on a combination of architectural and documentary evidence to visualize slavery’s built environment in Fredericksburg as well as the demographic and cultural parameters …

Left Out In The Cold: Archaeology Of The Sentry Box Ice House And The Ice Business In Fredericksburg, Virginia, Kerri S. Barile, Sean P. Maroney

Northeast Historical Archaeology

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Trial By Fire: The Marshall-Bell Kiln Site In Fredericksburg, Virginia, Heidi E. Krofft, Paul M. Nasca

Northeast Historical Archaeology

In 2012 and 2013 community members and local professional archaeologists led by Dovetail Cultural Resource Group worked together to salvage a stoneware waster dump in Fredericksburg, Virginia. More than 17,000 artifacts were recovered, representing two successive potters, Hugh R. Marshall and Francis H. Bell. This article brings together the archaeological and documentary evidence to discuss this short-lived pottery operation of the early 1830s. Considered are the physical attributes of the vessel forms and decorations, and the broader aspects of how this pottery operated within the local community and regional markets.

Rebuilding Along The Rappahannock: The Methodologies Of Urban Archaeological Survey In Fredericksburg And Beyond, Kerri S. Barile

Northeast Historical Archaeology

**I can definitely do an abstract if the other articles in the Fredericksburg volume have one!**

Editor's Introduction, Maria O'Donovan

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract provided.

Letter Report, Re: Analysis Of Obsidian Artifacts From The High Plains Project, Matthew Boulanger

Anthropology Research

No abstract provided.

Geochemical Sourcing Of Obsidian Artifacts From Archaeological Surveys In The Taos Area, New Mexico, Report #2: The Helen Blumenschein Collection, Matthew Boulanger

Anthropology Research

No abstract provided.

Oral Presentations: Social Sciences Ii, Sachi Ajmera, Mykayla Williamson

Mississippi Undergraduate Honors Conference

Video is provided of MyKayla Williamson's presentation.

American Apotheosis: Ceramics And The Production Of National Identity In Post-Revolutionary New York City, Diane F. George

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study begins in the present with questions about the genealogy of American national identities in a time when they are fraught, exclusionary, and often dangerous. It examines ceramic tablewares and teawares from the post-Revolutionary War period in New York City, seeking to uncover the identities that were formed by the middle- and upper-class merchants, businessmen, and their families who may have used the wares. The theoretical framework is the concept of identity and the belief that people use material culture in social arenas in active and complex ways to produce, reproduce, announce, challenge, and change who they or the …

P3k14c, A Synthetic Global Database Of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates, Erick Robinson

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according …

A Call For The Library Community To Deploy Best Practices Toward A Database For Biocultural Knowledge Relating To Climate Change, Martha B. Lerski

Publications and Research

Abstract

Purpose – In this paper, a call to the library and information science community to support documentation and conservation of cultural and biocultural heritage has been presented.

Design/methodology/approach – Based in existing Literature, this proposal is generative and descriptive— rather than prescriptive—regarding precisely how libraries should collaborate to employ technical and ethical best practices to provide access to vital data, research and cultural narratives relating to climate.

Findings – COVID-19 and climate destruction signal urgent global challenges. Library best practices are positioned to respond to climate change. Literature indicates how libraries preserve, share and cross-link cultural and scientific knowledge. …

Table Of Contents (V. 34, 2022)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

Remote Analysis Capabilities Of Digitally Rendered Models Of Human Remains: Obtaining Osteometric Data & Assessing Pathology And Taphonomic Alteration - Using Non-Human Animal Remains As An Analogue, M. Elizabeth Dyess

2022 Symposium

Computed tomography (CT), photogrammetry, and laser surface scanning technologies have enabled remote, noninvasive, and non-destructive analysis of skeletal human remains in various contexts. Such technologies have found applications in the disciplines of osteoarchaeology, forensic anthropology, the medical sciences, and other related fields of inquiry. This presentation will discuss the accuracy and reliability of osteometric data obtained from digitally rendered models, as well as the clarity and level of detail attained. Such qualifying standards are essential if practitioners are to reliably assess pathology and taphonomic alteration to the specimens from which the scans are modeled. The suitability of each of the …

Pvn-Drw-Op 664-Test Pits-Sections-2022, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Paleoethnobotanical Investigation Of Pre-Columbian Archaeological Site 8br158, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida., Jennifer I. Moreno Palacios

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Starch grain residue analysis was conducted on 18 artifacts collected in 2021 from the archaeological site 8BR158 on the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. This paleoethnobotanical analysis investigates plant use by the pre-historic inhabitants of the Central Coast of Florida where there is a lack of archaeobotanical research. The starches recovered from the archaeological artifacts were studied in order to identify plants used for culinary and/or medicinal purposes. Wild plants commonly found in Florida, such as acorn (Quercus), were identified in this study that were used for food resources. Domesticated plants such as maize and beans were also …

Pvn-Lot-306-Zf-001, Edward Mark Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvn-Lot-123-Xd-002, Edward Mark Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvn-Lot-171-Ak-001, Edward Mark Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvn Op 123xa, 123xb, 123xc, 123xd, 123xe, 123xf,123xh, 123zd, 123ze, 123zi Ceramic Analyses Sheets 2022, Patricia Urban

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvn-Lot-664-E-001, Edward Mark Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvn-Lot-306-Zj-001, Edward Mark Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.