Digital Commons Network^™

The Search For Fort Lisa In The Vicinity Of Omaha, Nebraska: A Gis Site Location Model, Brian C. Goodrich

Department of Anthropology: Theses and Student Research

Fort Lisa was one of several important Euro-American fur trade sites in the vicinity of what is today Omaha, Nebraska. It, along with the other sites on that stretch of the Missouri River, were key locations both for trade with local tribes and as waypoints for those travelling to northern tribes in the early 19^th Century. With the decline of the fur trade era, most of the sites that were once so central to life on the Missouri were abandoned and lost to memory. Archaeologists have rediscovered many of the sites along the Missouri River, including Fort Clark and …

Lidar Predictive Modeling Of Kalapuya Mound Sites In The Calapooia Watershed, Oregon, Tia Rachelle Cody

Dissertations and Theses

Archaeologists grapple with the problematic nature of archaeological discovery. Certain types of sites are difficult to see even in the best environmental conditions (e.g., low-density lithic scatters) and performing traditional archaeological survey is challenging in some environments, such as the dense temperate rain forests of the Pacific Northwest. Archaeologists need another method of survey to assess large areas and overcome environmental and archaeological barriers to site discovery in regions like the Pacific Northwest. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology, a method for digitally clearing away swaths of vegetation and surveying the landscape, is one possible solution to some of these …

Consumer Choice And Beads In Fugitive Slave Villages In Nineteenth-Century Kenya, Lydia Wilson Marshall

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty publications

This study analyzes the consumption of European glass beads at two fugitive slave villages in nineteenth-century Kenya, Koromio and Makoroboi. The consumer choices of Koromio and Makoroboi residents reveal a strategic and symbolic material language. Specifically, the inter-household distribution of European glass beads reflects considerable variation in the performance of female identity. This distribution suggests varying norms of feminine adornment. Some of these norms likely originated in runaways’ natal communities; others may have developed during enslavement. The variability in adornment practices additionally points to women’s improvisation amid shifting gender relations in these nascent fugitive slave communities.

How Two Sunken Ships Caused A War: The Legal And Cultural Battle Between Great Britain, Canada, And The Inuit Over The Franklin Expedition Shipwrecks, Christina Labarge

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Female Leaders: A Re-Evaluation Of Women During The Viking Age, Sorayda Santos

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis will re-examine the roles of women in the Viking world. Did Viking women dominate the home or did they participate in activities that have traditionally been associated with men? This thesis will bring together historical data and archaeological excavation data to demonstrate that Viking women were leaders.

The Sablefish (Anoplopoma Fimbria) Of Čḯxwicən: Socioenvironmental Lessons From An Unusually Abundant Species, Reno Nims, Virginia L. Butler

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We analyzed sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) remains from Čḯx^wicən (pronounced ch-WHEET-son), a 2700 year-old ancestral village of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe in northwest Washington state, U.S.A., to improve understanding of how this species was used by Native American/First Nations peoples in the past. Though sablefish are abundant at Čḯx^wicən, and limited ethnographic accounts indicate they were highly prized in northwestern North America, their remains are rare in regional archaeology. We present a body-size regression model for estimating the fork length (FL) of archaeologically represented sablefish and determining which habitats they were captured from (i.e. shallow, nearshore …

The Čḯxwicən Project Of Northwest Washington State, U.S.A.: Opportunity Lost, Opportunity Found, Virginia L. Butler, Kristine M. Bovy, Sarah K. Campbell, Michael A. Etnier, Sarah L. Sterling

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Čḯx^wicən (pronounced ch-WHEET-son) is a 2700 year-old ancestral village of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe (LEKT), located on the northwest coast of Washington State, U.S.A. The Čḯx^wicən project has scientific values that broadly contribute to research in human ecodynamics and maritime foragers, given the scale of the project, excavation methods, and enormous quantities of faunal materials recovered. The village holds great significance to the LEKT as their traditional village, which includes a sacred burial ground. The project began under challenging circumstances, when the village was inadvertently encountered during a construction project, incurring huge political, social and …

Using Bone Fragmentation Records To Investigate Coastal Human Ecodynamics: A Case Study From Čḯxwicən (Washington State, Usa), Kristine M. Bovy, Michael A. Etnier, Virginia L. Butler, Sarah K. Campbell, Jennie Deo Shaw

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Coastal shell middens are known for their generally excellent preservation and abundant identifiable faunal remains, including delicate fish and bird bones that are often rare or poorly preserved at non-shell midden sites. Thus, when we began our human ecodynamics research project focused on the fauna from Čḯx^wicən (45CA523, pronounced ch-WHEET-son), a large ancestral village of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, located on the shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Port Angeles, Washington (USA), we anticipated generally high levels of bone identifiability. We quickly realized that the mammal bones were more fragmented and less identifiable than we …

Human Ecodynamics: A Perspective For The Study Of Long-Term Change In Socioecological Systems, Ben Fitzhugh, Virginia L. Butler, Kristine M. Bovy, Michael A. Etnier

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Human ecodynamics (H.E.) refers to processes of stability, resilience, and change in socio-ecological relationships or systems. H.E. research involves interdisciplinary study of the human condition as it affects and is affected by the rest of the non-human world. In this paper, we review the intellectual history of the human ecodynamics concept over the past several decades, as it has emerged out of classical ecology, anthropology, behavioral ecology, resilience theory, historical ecology, and related fields, especially with respect to the study of long-term socioecological change. Those who study human ecodynamics reject the notion that humans should be considered external to the …

Exploring Ecodynamics Of Coastal Foragers Using Integrated Faunal Records From Čḯxwicən Village (Strait Of Juan De Fuca, Washington, U.S.A.), Virginia L. Butler, Sarah K. Campbell, Kristine M. Bovy, Michael A. Etnier

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Extensive 2004 excavation of Čḯx^wicən (pronounced ch-WHEET-son), traditional home of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe in northwest Washington State, U.S.A., documented human occupation spanning the last 2700 years with fine geostratigraphic control and 102 radiocarbon samples. Remains of multiple plankhouses were documented. Occupation spans large-magnitude earthquakes, periods of climate change, and change in nearshore habitat. Our project began in 2012 as a case study to explore the value of human ecodynamics in explaining change and stability in human-animal relationships on the Northwest Coast through analysis of faunal and geo-archaeological records. Field sampling was explicitly designed to allow for …

Building A Landscape History And Occupational Chronology At Čḯxwicən, A Coastal Village On The Strait Of Juan De Fuca, Washington State, U.S.A., Sarah K. Campbell, Sarah L. Sterling, Dennis E. Lewarch

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Geoarchaeological analysis at Čḯxwicən, an ancestral Klallam village near Port Angeles in northwestern Washington State, U.S.A., highlights the resilience of coastal foragers and their connection to place. Ancestral Klallam peoples occupied ever-changing beach and spit landforms growing within the shelter of Ediz Hook on the Strait of Juan de Fuca (SJDF) for 2700 years. Geoarchaeological methods were employed to define seven chronostratigraphic zones that chronologically structure the cultural deposits and allow them to be correlated to a sequence of beach development and to markers for tsunami that overtopped the site. Initial habitation prior to 1750 BP utilized a narrow beach …

Constructing Social Identity Through The Past: The Itza Maya Community Identity Through The Late Postclassic Period (1250–1525ce), Yuko Shiratori

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation focuses on the construction of social identity of the Itza Maya during the Late Postclassic period (1400-1525 CE) at Tayasal in the Petén lakes region, Guatemala. The Itza were the last indigenous group conquered by the Spaniards in the Americas in 1697. Various ethnohistorical documents describe the people and socio-political organization of the Itza during sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (Avendaño y Loyola 1987; Edmonson 1982, 1986; Jones 1998; López de Cogolludo 1971; Roys 1967; Villagutierre Soto-Mayo 1983). According to the documents, the Itza of the Petén claimed to have migrated from the great city of Chich'en Itza in …

Fundamentals Of Qualitative Analysis In Family Medicine, Wayne A. Babchuk

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The primary purpose of this article is to provide family physician researchers interested in conducting a qualitative research study a concise guide to the analysis. Drawing from approaches outlined in popular research methodology textbooks and employing an exemplar from a minority health disparities research study, this article outlines specific steps useful for researchers and practitioners in the field of family medicine. This process of qualitative data analysis is situated within the larger framework of qualitative research to better position those new to qualitative designs to more effectively conduct their studies. A 10-step process useful for guiding qualitative data analysis is …

Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Monument (Ahu) Locations Explained By Freshwater Sources, Robert J. Dinapoli, Carl P. Lipo, Tanya Brosnan, Terry L. Hunt, Sean W. Hixon, Alex E. Morrison, Matthew Becker

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

Explaining the processes underlying the emergence of monument construction is a major theme in contemporary anthropological archaeology, and recent studies have employed spatially-explicit modeling to explain these patterns. Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) is famous for its elaborate ritual architecture, particularly numerous monumental platforms (ahu) and statuary (moai). To date, however, we lack explicit modeling to explain spatial and temporal aspects of monument construction. Here, we use spatially-explicit point-process modeling to explore the potential relations between ahu construction locations and subsis- tence resources, namely, rock mulch agricultural gardens, marine resources, and freshwa- ter sources—the three most critical resources on Rapa …

Hrísheimar: Fish Consumption Patterns, Wendi K. Coleman

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, I examine the fish remain patterns at Hrísheimar, which have provided archaeologists with further evidence that inland sites such as those in the Mývatnssveit Region utilized both local freshwater and marine fish from the coastal regions as a part of their subsistence pattern.

Marginal No More: An Introduction To A Special Issue On The Archaeology Of Northern Coasts, Christopher B. Wolff

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

Introduction to a special volume of Arctic Anthropology. This introduction discusses the use and abuse of Arctic peoples for archaeological and anthropological analogy in the study of hunter-gatherers.

The Stock Cove Site: A Large Dorset Seal-Hunting Encampment On The Coast Of Southeastern Newfoundland, Christopher B. Wolff, Donald H. Holly Jr., John C. Erwin, Tatiana Nomokonova, Lindsay Swinarton

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

The Stock Cove site (CkAl-3) is a large, deeply-stratified, multi-component site located in southeastern Newfoundland. The richest strata at the site, which have yielded thousands of artifacts and multiple overlapping house features, provide evidence of a substantial Dorset presence. Earlier researchers proposed that the Stock Cove site additionally contained the Province’s only Dorset longhouse, which this paper disputes. The high frequency of sea mammal hunting implements, identified faunal remains, as well as the site’s location, all suggest that coastal and marine resources figured prominently in the Dorset’s food economy at Stock Cove. Faunal remains further suggest that the biogeography of …

Archaeology And Climate Change: Sites At Risk Of Sea Level Rise In The Puget Sound, Christy Lynn Berg

2019 Symposium

The Puget Sound Watershed, located along Washington’s Northwest coast, contains 5,467 recorded archaeological sites. 1,290 of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The majority of these sites are located along the coastline and associated waterways making them highly susceptible to climate change induced sea level rise. This research uses data provided from The Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation and a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the susceptibility of thousands of sites to rising sea-levels. A mosaic of 10m resolution digital elevation models (DEMS) was created for the Puget Sound Watershed and elevation …

Archeological Survey Report Us 80 Project, Dallas District, Christopher Goodmaster

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Integrated Environmental Solutions, LLC (IES), under contract to Halff Associates, Inc. on behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Dallas District, conducted an archeological survey for the proposed U.S. Highway (US) 80 Project located between Interstate Highway (IH) 30 in Dallas County and Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 460 in Kaufman County, Texas (see Area of Potential Effects on Aerial Photograph Map and Area of Potential Effects on USGS Topographic Map).

The purpose of this investigation is to ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (Section 106) of 1966, as amended, and the Antiquities Code of Texas …

An Archaeological Survey For The City Of Bryan’S Eastside Facility Project In Brazos County, Texas, Edward P. Baxter

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey of the proposed 78 acre (32 hectares) City of Bryan’s Eastside Facility Project, in Brazos County, Texas was performed by Ed Baxter, Consulting in May of 2019. Edward P. Baxter was the Principal Investigator and the Project Archaeologist. The survey took a total of three man days in the field. This study was performed under Texas Antiquities Committee Permit Number 8903. The project area was investigated using the pedestrian survey method supported by shovel testing. No previously recorded archaeological sites or cemeteries were found in the project area. The survey found no new archaeological sites. Copies of …

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Dwu 84-Inch Wastewater Main 16-357/358e, Cid 5910 Dallas County, Texas, Philip Fisher

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Dallas is proposing to construct an 84-inch diameter wastewater main across the old Trinity River channel in Dallas County, Texas. The project area is located in the floodplain of the old Trinity River channel, northeast of the Market Center Boulevard and Turtle Creek Boulevard intersection in Dallas, Texas. AR Consultants, Inc. (ARC) conducted trench monitoring in an area approximately 40-meters long by 4.25-meters wide (0.04-acres) on March 7, 2019 under the authority of Texas Antiquities Permit number 8680. Two trenches one meter in width were excavated to the depth of proposed disturbance, approximately 8 ft (2.45 m), …

A Phase I Cultural Resources Survey Of The Orbit Pipeline Project Jefferson, Liberty, And Chambers Counties, Texas, Jennifer Cochran, Abby Peyton, Karissa Basse

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Energy Transfer Company (ETC) is proposing to construct the Orbit Pipeline Project (Project) located in Jefferson, Liberty, and Chambers counties, Texas. The Project consists of approximately 68.7 miles (mi) (110.6 kilometer [km]) of new 20.0-inch (in) (50.8-centimeter [cm]) diameter pipeline that will be used to transmit ethane and propane. The Project is located within the jurisdictional boundary of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) - Galveston District.

At the request of ETC, Perennial Environmental Services, LLC (Perennial) conducted an intensive Phase I cultural resources investigation for the proposed Project to comply with anticipated USACE permitting requirements. Archaeological investigations …

Csj 0221-05-065, Us 271 South Of Talco Intensive Archaeological Survey, Titus County, Atlanta District, Jon Budd

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On May 20-23, 2019, an Intensive archeological resources survey was conducted south of Talco, northwest Titus County, Texas, along US 271 for the Titus County Improvement Project (CSJ-0221-05-065). The survey area is an irregularly-shaped linear area measuring 0-feet-wide at its northern extent, 83-feet-wide (25-m) at its approximate center, and 67-feet-wide (21-m) at its southern extent. Its average width is 70 feet (21 m). The total survey area is comprised of approximately 2.02 acres of new right-of-way (ROW) and 0.37 acres of new easement and was surveyed for cultural resources in advance of road improvements and bridge removal and replacement. The …

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Crawford Memorial Park Improvements Dallas County, Texas, Philip Fisher, Kathryn A. Cross

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Dallas is proposing to improve the existing Crawford Memorial Park in central-southeastern Dallas County, Texas. DIPS Environmental, Inc., contracted with AR Consultants, Inc. to conduct an intensive archaeological survey of Crawford Memorial Park under the authority of Texas Antiquities Permit number 8747. Crawford Memorial Park totals approximately 265 acres. However, modern landscape modifications including a number of sports fields, the Crawford Aquatic Center, parking lots, cement walking paths, a playground, pavilion, bathrooms, and a City of Dallas Park and Recreation Maintenance Facility exist within the park boundary and project area. As Crawford Memorial Park has never been …

Final Report For Archeological Survey Proposed Roadway Expansion Along Business (Bs) 71 East (71e), West Of La Grange, Fayette County, Yoakum District Csj 0265-14-008, Allen Bettis

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), AmaTerra Environmental, Inc. (AmaTerra) conducted an archeological survey for the proposed bridge construction along Business (BS) 71 East (71E) in La Grange at the Colorado River in Fayette County, Texas. Work consisted of visual inspection of the entire project area, including 100 percent pedestrian survey and excavation of 17 shovel tests and 11 backhoe trenches. Fieldwork was conducted May 15–17, 2019 by a team of two archeologists. Two archeological sites were recorded, consisting of a deeply buried isolated mussel shell concentration and a scatter of late nineteenth to early twentieth century …

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Crawford Memorial Park Improvements Dallas County, Texas, Philip Fisher, Kathryn A. Cross

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Dallas is proposing to improve the existing Crawford Memorial Park in central-southeastern Dallas County, Texas. DIPS Environmental, Inc., contracted with AR Consultants, Inc. to conduct an intensive archaeological survey of Crawford Memorial Park under the authority of Texas Antiquities Permit number 8747. Crawford Memorial Park totals approximately 265 acres. However, modern landscape modifications including a number of sports fields, the Crawford Aquatic Center, parking lots, cement walking paths, a playground, pavilion, bathrooms, and a City of Dallas Park and Recreation Maintenance Facility exist within the park boundary and project area. As Crawford Memorial Park has never been …

Final Cultural Resources Report Of The Salt Creek Midstream, Llc Proposed Olifant Eight Inch Pipeline Project On University Lands In Ward County, Texas, Gary D. Edington, J. Matthew Oliver, Jerry L. Riggs, Christopher D. Flowers

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Enercon Services, Inc. (ENERCON), in support of Salt Creek Midstream, LLC, conducted an intensive archeological survey for the proposed Olifant Eight Inch Pipeline Project located near Pyote in Ward County, Texas. The proposed project consists of the construction of an approximately 800 foot (244 m) long eight inch steel pipeline on University Lands, extending from a tie-in at an existing well pad, trending generally south-southeast to a tie-in on the existing Quito Draw pipeline. The Olifant Eight Inch Pipeline Project area is mapped on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Soda Lake NE, Texas (1967, photorevised 1981) 7.5 Minute Quadrangle …

Archeological Survey For The Proposed Atmos Energy D9 Natural Gas Pipeline Replacement, Dallas And Denton Counties, Texas, Brett Lang, Melissa M. Green

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On 23 October 2019, an archeological survey was completed in order to evaluate potential impacts to archeological resources associated with the proposed construction of Atmos Energy Corporation’s (Atmos) proposed D9 natural gas pipeline replacement in Dallas and Denton Counties, Texas. Approximately 5.5 miles of the replacement line is expected to be installed through open-cut trenching with approximately 1.5 miles installed through directional boring; this method will be utilized at all waterways and roadway crossings. Brett Lang (Project Archeologist) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey for Atmos under Texas Antiquities Permit 9124; Melissa M. Green served as …

An Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Pugh Park Trails, Tom Green County, Texas, Mary Jo Galindo

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of Tom Green County, Galindo Environmental Consulting, LLC (Galindo Environmental) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of the Pugh Park Trails Project in Tom Green County, Texas. Trail improvements are proposed for the existing 10-foot-wide trail on both sides of Farm-to-Market Road 2084 (FM 2084; signed Toe Nail Trail) at Pugh Park, with a new 0.6-mile segment of trail planned for the west side. The existing trail on the east side of FM 2084 traverses Christoval High School property and is about 1.13 miles long, while the length of existing trails within Pugh Park on the west side …

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed Improvements To Farm-To-Market Road 1735 South Of State Highway 49, Titus County, Texas, Brett Lang, Melissa M. Green

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On April 30 and May 1, 2019, CMEC staff completed an intensive archeological survey augmented with shovel testing to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed improvements to Farm-to-Market (FM) 1735 south of State Highway (SH) 49 in Mount Pleasant, Titus County, Texas. The project is identified under Texas Department of Transportation control-section-job number 1226-02-016. The work associated with this archeological survey was carried out under Texas Antiquities Permit 8882 by Brett Lang (Project Archeologist) and Floyd Kent of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. under guidance from Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator).

The area of potential effects (APE) …