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Women And Warfare: How Human Evolution Excluded Women, Brett Kennedy

Nebraska Anthropologist

In 1983, David B. Adams published "Why are there so few Women Warriors? " This important paper brought to light the traditional coriflict between marriage and war. Going against the classical "men are more aggressive" theory, Adams presented the conflict of interest a wife might experience in a patrilocal, exogamous society that would necessitate her removal from the warfare complex. However, even in those societies that there is no coriflict of interest, the woman warrior is almost unheard of Furthermore, even within those societies that allow women to participate in war, they are always the rarest exception. To answer this …

Nebraska Anthropologist Volume 20: 2005 Table Of Contents

Nebraska Anthropologist

Women and Warfare: How Human Evolution Excluded Women (Brett Kennedy)

Romantic Love and Marriage: An Analysis of the Concept and Functionality of Romantic Love as a Marital Stabilizing Agent (Emily Sorrell)

Bone Dispersion, Weathering, and Scavenging of Cattle Bones (Melinda Potmesil)

Omaha Metals, Coinage, and Syntax: Outside Influence? (Rory Larson)

Native Americans in Prison: The Struggle for Religious Freedom (Stephanie Beran)

Punitive Behavior in eBay Auctions (Kyle Gibson)

Female and Male Perceptions of Attractiveness: What is Attractive and Why? (Ryan Schacht)

Theory of Mind in Chimpanzees: A Rationalist Approach (Benjamin Grant Purzycki)

Postpartum Depression: An Evolutionary Perspective (Mark Tracy)

Analysis …

Matchcoats: Cultural Conservatism And Change, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Christians Against Globalization In The Philippines, Kathy Nadeau

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the Basic Christian Communities in the Philippines that work to counter human and environmental rights violations resulting from macro-economic development processes. While not every activist-led and mass-based people's movement includes critical environmental issues on their agendas for social change, this paper directs its attention to the progressive Basic Christian Community movement that incorporates an environmentally concerned and team-oriented approach to problem solving at the local level. This movement is part of an international bottom-up effort to counteract some of the negative effects of global capitalism (e.g., the fragmentation of close-knit communities that were once based on …

A Look At Biblical And Ancient Extra-Biblical Perspectives On Death, Randall W. Younker

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

Steps To A Political Ecology Of Amazonia, Steven L. Rubenstein

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Many recent studies of Amazonia have documented the ways in which agents of the state or capital seek to colonize not only indigenous land and labor, but indigenous desires as well.  This colonization of the third kind has disastrous consequences: recently, William Fisher asked, “Why ... did it seem that Xikrin would sell their grandchildren’s environmental birthright just at the moment when reservations were finally being demarcated and boundaries guaranteed for generations to come?”  Here I argue that this sort of question must become one of the central concerns of Amazonian ethnology.   Drawing on work by Fisher and others, I …

Eating Ethnicity: Examining 18th Century French Colonial Identity Through Selective Consumption Of Animal Resources In The North American Interior, Rory J. Becker

Masters Theses

Cultural identities can be created and maintained through daily practice and food consum.ption is one such practice. People need food in order to survive, but the types of food they eat are largely determined by the interaction of culture and their environment. By approaching the topic of subsistence practices as being culturally constituted, the study of foodways provides an avenue to examine issues of cultural identity through selective consumption. Eating certain foods to the exclusion of others is one method for establishing social distance between peoples and is simultaneously a reflection of this relationship and the types of interactions that …

History, Ethnography, And Politics In Amazonia: Implications Of Diachronic And Synchronic Variability In Marubo Politics, Javier Ruedas

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

The idea that indigenous Amazonian societies have been and are essentially egalitarian has been criticized in recent years. This essay critiques frameworks for the study of power in lowland South America by examining diachronic and synchronic variation in Marubo political organization.  First, I analyze change over time in Marubo politics and how it relates to population fluctuations linked to contact situations.  Based on this analysis, I argue that the small, atomized villages that twentieth-century anthropologists perceived as typifying indigenous Amazonia were products of the historical processes of political organization. Next, I show that leaders of different Marubo villages range from …

Power, Positionality, And Conceptions Of Stewardship And Ownership In The Cleanup Of Nomans Land Island, Massachusetts, Michael Greenberg

Honors Theses

One of the most pressing issues facing Indigenous groups today, especially in the intimate New Engl'and communilties of the northeastern United States, is their ongoing struggle to reclaim and preserve sovereignty on land they once cultivated as stewards but now live on under the encroachment of larger States. In recent years, the United States government has sought to deal with issues of Native American sovereignty through granting federal recognition to tribes, thus creating a relationship of "nation-to-nation status" between a tribal government and the national government. This relationship generates a complex power structure on global, national, regional, and tribal levels, …

The Effects Of Modernization On The Bedouin Populations Of Jordan, Peter Dicampo

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Understanding Ethno-Nationalism: Sikh Diasporic Imaginings In Southwest Michigan, Rory G. Mccarthy

Masters Theses

Diaspora as a category is both useful and troublesome for researchers in the discipline of anthropology. It is useful, for it allows anthropologists to approach cultural studies from a position that recognizes flaws in the conception of culture as geographically bounded. Studying diasporic populations, therefore, enables anthropologists to apply new theoretical approaches to culture, without reifying and essentializing social practices. Conversely, using diaspora as a category can homogenize groups by glossing over differences in ethnicity, religion, and migratory expenence.

This study aims at bettering the understanding of diversity within a diasporic population by examining the role that religion plays in …

An Intensive Surface Collection And Intrasite Spatial Analysis Of The Archaeological Materials From The Coy Mound Site (3ln20), Central Arkansas, William Glenn Hill

Masters Theses

Surface collected materials from the Coy Mound site (3LN20), Lonoke County, Arkansas, are utilized in order to address questions regarding site temporal occupations, resource utilization, internal site configuration, and the socio-political organization of the Baytown-Coles Creek period Plum Bayou culture. Artifact distribution plots revealed the presence of a mound and plaza site configuration in addition to potential domestic and off-mound midden deposits. While the site organizational plan has implications for a hierarchical socio-political organization, the absence of inter- and intrasite variability in ceramic types and lithic materials support the hypothesis that limited social differentiation was present in Plum Bayou culture …

Books Noted: Recent Pacific Islands Publications: Selected Acquisitions, May 2002 To March 2003, Riley M. Moffat

Pacific Studies

THIS LIST of significant publications relating to the Pacific Islands was selected from new acquisitions lists received from Brigham Young University-Hawai'i, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, University of Auckland, East-West Center, University of the South Pacific, National Library of Australia, Melanesian Studies Resource Center of the University of California-San Diego, Radboud University of Nijmegen's Centre for Pacific Asian Studies, and Secretariat of the Pacific Community Library. Other libraries are invited to send contributions to the Books Noted Editor for future issues. Listings reflect the extent of information provided by each institution.

Patterns Of Mtdna Diversity In Northwestern North America, Ripan S. Malhi, Katherine E. Breece, Beth A. Schultz Shook, Frederika A. Kaestle, James C. Chatters, Steven Hackenberger, David Glenn Smith

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups of 54 full-blooded modern and 64 ancient Native Americans from northwestern North America were determined. The control regions of 10 modern and 30 ancient individuals were sequenced and compared. Within the Northwest, the frequency distribution for haplogroup A is geographically structured, with haplogroup A decreasing with distance from the Pacific Coast. The haplogroup A distribution suggests that a prehistoric population intrusion from the subarctic and coastal region occurred on the Columbia Plateau in prehistoric times. Overall, the mtDNA pattern in the Northwest suggests significant amounts of gene flow among Northwest Coast, Columbia Plateau, and Great …

Poison Hunting Strategies And The Organization Of Technology In The Circumpolar Region, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

INUPIAT ESKIMO WHALERS are allowed to kill up to 50 bowhead whales every year in the arctic waters off Barrow, Alaska. Some of the older bowheads are more than 20 m in length and weigh more than 50 tons. Since 1981 the Inupiat have found at least six lance and harpoon end blades embedded within the thick blubber that insulates these magnificent mammals (Raloff 2(00). These archaeological weapon points included projectiles fashioned from chipped stone, ground slate, ivory, and iron. Wildlife biologists have suspected that whales may live to be quite old. One can only imagine their surprise, however, once …

Comparison Of The Traditional And Contemporary Extended Family Units Of The Hopi And Lakota (Sioux): A Study Of The Deterioration Of Kinship Structures And Functions, Benjamin Grant Purzycki

Nebraska Anthropologist

Drawing on a body of classical and contemporary ethnographic resources, one finds a number of coriflicting conclusions and assumptions in not only the evolutionary role of the extended family and its functions, but also-in a post-colonial context-how these units as well as their roles and functions change. When comparing a number of sources, we find that extended families are explained in diametrically opposed terms (e.g. some say extended families result from hunter-gatherer societies while others attribute it to agricultural groups), creating conflicting theory obviously not considered together as often enoughhence the necessity of comparative study between traditionally agricultural Hopi and …

Pedro Casanto’S Nightmares: Lucid Dreaming In Amazonia And The New Age Movement, Fernando Santos-Granero

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Taking as a point of departure the recurring nightmares of a Yanesha boy, the author examines the dream theories and practices of Yanesha people of Peruvian Amazonia.  Particular emphasis is placed on the conscious manipulation of actions taking place in nightmares. This practice, common to many indigenous peoples throughout the world, has become known in Western tradition as “lucid dreaming.” The author explores how New Age thinkers and entrepreneurs have adopted this and other connected indigenous dream practices by means of “simulation,” a mode of appropriating the magic of  “Others” that, in the context of globalized neocolonial encounters, appears as …

Families Of The Forest: The Matsigenka Indians Of The Peruvian Amazon, Gerald Weiss

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Book review of Families of the Forest: The Matsigenka Indians of the Peruvian Amazon. AllenJohnson. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. xvii + 258 pp.,maps, tables, figures, glossary, references, index. ISBN 0-520-23242-9.

A Fresh Look At Amazon Indians: Karl Von Den Steinen And Curt Nimuendajú, Giants Of Brazilian Anthropology, John Hemming

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This essay examines two German anthropologists who changed the style of Brazilian anthropology.   Karl von den Steinen made first contact with eight peoples of the upper Xingu in the 1880s.  His anthropological observations were accurate and valuable, and he was the first to describe indigenous people as individual human beings.   Curt Nimuendajú also had no formal training, but was on an anthropological or archaeological expedition every year between 1905–1945, produced a prodigious volume of writing, studied shattered tribal remnants as well as newly contacted peoples, and was a pioneer in championing indigenous rights.   Both were seminal figures in the study …

The Indians And Brazil, Debra S. Picchi

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Book review of The Indians and Brazil. Mercio Pereira Gomes. Translated by John W. Moon. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2000. xvi + 300 pp., notes, appendices, bibliography. ISBN 0-8130-1720-3.

Evicting A Neighbor: Health, Power And Discourse In Vieques, Puerto Rico, Nelson Class-Meléndez

Masters Theses

This thesis examines the two years that followed the death of a civilian, David Sanes on April 1999, when a Marine Corps F-18 pilot accidentally dropped two 500- pound bombs on an observation post on the Puerto Rican island of Vieques. Following the death of Sanes and for the first time in contemporary history, all competing political parties, the Viequenses, and religious leaders apparently reached an initial consensus that resulted in a series of efforts to evict the Navy from Vieques.

Importantly, this coalition adopted an environmental discourse that is essentially anti-Navy. This thesis draws upon this anti-Navy discourse to …

Trekking Through History: The Huaorani Of Amazonia, Norman E. Whitten Jr

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Book review of, Trekking Through History: The Huaorani of Amazonia. Laura M. Rival.

New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. xx + 246 pp., plates, maps,

tables, figures, notes, references, index. ISBN 0-231-11844-9.

"Where Will You Sleep Tonight?" The Samo Longhouse, A Metaphor Of Spatial And Social Structure, R. Daniel Shaw

Pacific Studies

The juxtaposition of physical space and social interaction among the precontact Samo people of Papua New Guinea's east Strickland Plain is analyzed through a rich cultural metaphor reflecting on where people habitually sleep. Where a person sleeps establishes individual status within the collectivity of a household, which is identified as both a dwelling and an interactive group of family-oriented people. A longhouse was typically built on a ridgetop amid gardens, sago-lined swamp, and surrounding forest, together creating an economic environment that, in effect, fed the community. Similarly, social space was created through the reciprocal exchange of female siblings that enabled …

Celebrating Mother's Day In A Melanesian Village Church, Deborah Van Heekeren

Pacific Studies

Christianity dominates village sociality in the Hula villages of Papua New Guinea's southeastern coast to the extent that the United Church has appropriated and indigenized the Western custom of setting aside a day to celebrate motherhood. In the process Mother's Day has been transformed into an expression of local Christian values to which women should aspire. In many ways the events that take place invert gender roles, but we also find that certain things are always left to women. The events related here, through the perspective of the United Church Women's Fellowship (UCWF), also comment briefly on Adventism in Irupara …

Ritual And Ceremony In A Contemporary Anishinabe Tribe, Julie Pelletier

Faculty Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Accounts Of Fighting And Cannibalism In Eastern New Guinea During The Missionary Contact Period, 1877-1888, As Told To Charles Abel, David Wetherell

Pacific Studies

Field notes by missionary Charles W. Abel of the London Missionary Society, contained in two little-known handwritten documents, describe traditional warfare customs, including treatment of captives and cannibalism among the peoples of the Milne Bay/China Strait region of southeastern New Guinea, as told to him by Paulo Dilomi and other informants. The editor transcribes these notes here and theorizes that Abel's knowledge of these activities provides context for the missionary's derogatory attitude toward the "savage" Papuan, in contrast to the perspectives of later observers including other missionaries and anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski.

Book Review Forum Response: Cathy A. Small, Voyages: From Tongan Villages To American Suburbs., Cathy Small

Pacific Studies

Response of Cathy Small to Book Review of "Cathy A. Small, Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs."

Animism, Cannibalism, And Pet-Keeping Among The Guajá Of Eastern Amazonia, Loretta A. Cormier

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Recent work in Amazonian religion, sociality, and ecological adaptation have addressed the interrelationships among animism, cannibalism, and pet-keeping.  In this article, I attempt to reconcile these works with the beliefs and behaviors of the Guajá of eastern Amazonia.  I argue that the specific configuration of animism, cannibalism, and pet-keeping among the Guajá relates to their social organization and mode of production as hunter-gatherers.

Obras recentes tratando da religião, socialidade, e adaptação ecológica na Amazonia têm demonstrado as relações entre o animismo, o canibalismo, e a prática de criar animais de estimação.  Neste trabalho, eu tento reconciliar estas obras com as …

Introduction: Politics And Religion In Amazonia, Jeffrey D. Ehrenreich, Javier Ruedas

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

The history of the papers in this special issue of Tipiti.

The Enigma Of The Great Cities: Body And State In Amazonia, Michael J. Heckenberger

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This paper discusses issues of political power in Amazonia, particularly with regard to traditional definitions of the State, in general, and the body or person in Amazonia. Using the historical ethnography of the Upper Xingu region of southern Amazonia as a point of departure, issues of inequality, hierarchy, and social complexity are briefly discussed. Specifically, it is suggested that Xinguano cultural patterns, considered over the long term (circa 800 C.E.–present), show evidence of social hierarchy and regional organization considered characteristic of so-called complex societies elsewhere. As is true in many ancient states and chiefdoms, power is based on strategic control …