Digital Commons Network^™

Cattle, Co-Wives, Children, And Calabashes: Material Context For Symbol Use Among The Il Chamus Of West-Central Kenya, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

This paper examines systemic contexts for symbol use among the Maa-speaking Il Chamus in the Lake Baringo region of west-central Kenya. The systemic context for symbols and material culture consists of the environmental constraints and behavioral responses that characterize pastoralist life in East Africa. The author's interest in this problem developed in response to Ian Hodder’s work among the Il Chamus, Pokot, and Tugen in the Baringo District. Unlike Hodder, however, the author argues that symbols and their use in East Africa can be more productively explained from a materialist perspective. Specifically, it is proposed that symbols affixed to certain …

Costs And Benefits Of Monogamy And Polygyny For Yanomamö Women, Raymond B. Hames

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

In this paper I analyze some of the economic costs and benefits of monogamy and polygyny for Yanomamö women. The evolutionary ecological model of resource defense polygyny predicts that when female choice is operative females will choose those males who control resources that will maximize a female’s reproductive success. A female will choose a polygynous strategy (i.e., become a co-wife) if a currently married male has more resources to offer than other unmarried males or monogamous males. This model has been successfully used to predict polygynous mating in tribal societies where males are stratified in terms of their ownership or …

Women, Polygyny And Power, Michelle J. Lundeen

Nebraska Anthropologist

This paper focuses on the power possessed by polygynous women within the domestic sphere. comparing women in wealth increasing polygynous societies (represented by the Swazi of Africa and the Mormons of North America) with women in sororal polygynous societies (represented by the Mardudjara of Australia and the Achuar of South America) in an effort to determine which of these patterns is related to greater domestic power for women.

National Language Policy In The United States: A Holistic Perspective, Cody L. Knutson

Nebraska Anthropologist

English is not the official national language of the United States of America. However, this issue has often come to the forefront of many political debates, since language encompasses a wide array of political, economic and various other social implications. Acknowledging the right to the retention of local culture, a historical and cross-cultural study of language policy is interpreted to justify a limitation on the number of languages at the national political level if flexibility is maintained for individual states to adjust to the needs of their constituencies.

Complete Issue, Journal Editors

Southern Anthropologist

No abstract provided.

Melanesian Music On Compact Disc: Some Significant Issues, Peter Russell Crowe

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Lin Poyer's Review Of David Damas's Bountiful Island: A Study Of Land Tenure On A Micronesian Atoll, Lin Poyer

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Roadside Memorials In Five South Central Kentucky Counties, Thomas Zimmerman

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Roadside memorials in Allen, Barren, Butler, Edmonson, and Warren Counties in south central Kentucky mark the sites of automobile fatalities. These informal memorials are construced by family or friends of the deceased. Thirty-one memorials are found throughout these five counties. The majority of these memorials take on one of three forms: crosses, crosses with flowers, and standing styrofoam-based flower arrangements. Crosses, particularly white wooden crosses, are the most common element in these memorials. Unlike most death-related material culture studies, this research is built heavily upon interviews and conversations with those who construct and maintain the memorials. Much of the analysis …

Rethinking Pacific Islands Studies, Terence Wesley-Smith

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Books Received And Book Notices, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Book Listing for the Vol 18, No 1 Edition of the Pacific Studies Journal

Archaeological Investigations Of Three Tracts On Arcadia Plantation, Georgetown County, South Carolina, James L. Michie

James L. Michie Archaeology Reports

Research Papers of the Waccamaw Center for Historical and Cultural Studies, Research Manuscript 6. Published by the Coastal Carolina University Waccamaw Center for Cultural and Historical Studies.

January-December 1993 & January-June 1994 Annual Report, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

Annual Reports

The review presented in this Report is for the period January 1993-June 1994 and summarizes the ongoing research, public service, and educational benefits of the Institute's programs.

Contents:

Table of Contents.....p. 1
Introduction.....p. 2
Division Synopsis.....p. 4
Office of the State Archaeologist.....p. 6
Research Division.....p. 12
Underwater Archaeology Division.....p. 24
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program.....p. 39
Archaeology Week.....p. 47
Cultural Resources Consulting Division.....p. 49
Archaeological Society of South Carolina.....p. 52
Research Trust.....p. 56
Staff.....p. 58
Appendix A - Publications.....p. 60
Appendix B - Editorships.....p. 67
Appendix C - Papers Presented.....p. 68
Appendix D - Courses Taught.....p. 75
Appendix E - …

Review Of Skeletal Biology In The Great Plains: Migration, Warfare, Health, And Subsistence, Edited By Douglas W. Owsley And Richard L. Jantz. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994. 415 Pages., Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

First paragraph:

The editors and contributors to this large, impressive volume present thirty-two chapters that deal with Great Plains skeletal biology. The goal of these diverse investigations was to derive critical information from human skeletal remains about past inhabitants of the Plains, including prehistoric and historic Indians, as well as Euro-Americans. These contributions are organized topically into five parts: (1) archaeology; (2) demography and paleopathology; (3) biological distance measures and skeletal morphology; (4) diet and subsistence strategies; and (5) warfare. The studies represent the collaborative efforts of archaeologists, physical anthropologists, ethnologists, ethnohistorians, and physical scientists. A major impetus for these …

Postmodernism And Anthropology, Elisabeth R. Gaines

Nebraska Anthropologist

Postmodem anthropology questions the authority of the objective participant observer, yet eludes a precise definition. Many different experimental approaches comprise the postmodern stand, and represents a diversion from interpretive anthropology. Deconstructionists peel away the layers of subjectivity from written text derived from observation. The movement presently resides in a whirlwind of conflicting opinions conceming the postmodem style of ethnography. One of these styles, inclusive of anything and everything, conveys a chaotic message, but lacks a truly holistic quality. Some postmodem critics believe the key to fundamental meaning lies in a historical perspective where the subtleties of interpretation and writing are …

Review Of: Australian Rock Art: A New Synthesis, Paul Faulstich

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Rock-art studies have now come of age, and are among the most fertile explorations of expressive culture. Through an interdisciplinary approach to its study, we have expanded our knowledge into the realms of aesthetics, belief systems, and social structures. Australian rock an is particularly significant, since it is a visual expression that has been practiced by contemporary as well as prehistoric Aboriginals. Robert Layton's most recent book -his "new synthesis" of Australian rock art- is an ambitious and successful analysis of Aboriginal rock art from across the continent.

Ella Sharp's Hillside Farm: Expressions Of Class And Gender In Nineteenth Century Rural Michigan, Carol A. Nickolai

Masters Theses

This study examined ways in which social class and gender were expressed in the landscape and material culture of the Merriman-Sharp Farm, a nineteenth century upper class farm owned by women in Jackson, Michigan. Material culture studies, landscape architecture, and architectural history were used in addition to available documents to focus on how the Merriman-Sharp family reflected their class and gender affiliations.

The social construction of reality is an ongoing process at the Merriman-Sharp farm through the Ella W. Sharp Park and Ella W. Sharp Museum. The ways in which the Ella W. Sharp Park and Ella W. Sharp Museum …

Procedings Of The Second International Conference On Pedo-Archaeology, Albert C. Goodyear, John E. Foss, Kenneth E. Sassaman

Anthropological Studies

This multi-article volume was edited by Albert C. Goodyear, John E. Foss, and Kenneth E. Sassaman.

Contents:

Preface - Albert C. Goodyear and John E. Foss.....v
Stratigraphy and Soil Chronosequence of the Brasstown Sites: A Model for Age Assessment of Alluvium in the Southern Blue Ridge, U.S.A. - David S. Leigh and John S. Cable.....1
Stratigraphy and Landscape Evolution: Implications for the Development of Cultural/Temporal Models in the Sand Hills of West-Central Louisiana - Charles Cantley and John E. Foss.....11
Gastrolith-Derived Stone Concentration in Deep Loess Soil of the Middle and Lower Mississippi River Valley, U.S.A. - Troy Cox.....27
Bioturbation …

The Domestication Of Catholicism On Tobi, Peter W. Black

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

The Excavation Of Joseph And Theodosia Burr Alston's House Site, The Oaks Plantation, Brookgreen Gardens, Georgetown County, South Carolina, James L. Michie

James L. Michie Archaeology Reports

Research Papers of the Waccamaw Center for Historical and Cultural Studies, Research Manuscript 5. Published by the Coastal Carolina University Waccamaw Center for Cultural and Historical Studies.

Bringing The Schoolhouse To Life: Methodologies Of Living History Education Demonstrated In A Living History Program For San Timoteo Schoolhouse, Riverside County, California, Mark L. Shanks

Theses Digitization Project

This project begins by examining living history, defining its scope, uses, and relationship to other fields. It further defines and articulates a second-person methodology for construction of living history educational projects, grounding it in historical, educational, and dramatic theory.

Public Attitudes Toward Animal Research: Some International Comparisons, Ralph Pifer, Kinya Shimizu, Linda Pifer

Attitudes Toward Animal Research Collection

A comparative analysis was made of the public's attitudes toward the use of animals in scientific research in 15 different nations. The intensity of opposition to animal research was found to vary from relatively low levels in Japan and the United States to much higher levels in France, Belgium, and Great Britain. More women than men were opposed to animal research in all 15 nations. Scientific knowledge, or the lack of knowledge, was not found to have a consistent relationship with attitudes toward animal research. Concern about the environment was found to be related to opposition to animal research in …

Annual Report 1991, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

Annual Reports

The review presented in this Report is for 1991 and summarizes the ongoing research, public service, and educational benefits of the Institute's programs.

Contents:

Table of Contents.....p. 1
Introduction.....p. 2
Division Synopsis.....p. 4
Research.....p. 6
Office of the State Archaeologist.....p. 12
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program.....p. 16
Underwater Archaeology.....p. 18
Archaeological Research Trust.....p. 22
Archaeological Society of South Carolina.....p. 24
Staff.....p. 26
Appendix A - Publications.....p. 28
Appendix B - Editorships.....p. 32
Appendix C - Papers Presented.....p. 33
Appendix D - Courses Taught.....p. 36
Appendix E - Theses and Dissertations.....p. 37
Appendix F - Research Affiliates.....p. 38
Appendix G - …

1992 Annual Report, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

Annual Reports

The review presented in this Report is for 1992 and summarizes the ongoing research, public service, and educational benefits of the Institute's programs.

Contents:

Table of Contents.....p. 1
Introduction.....p. 2
Robert L. Stephenson in Memorium.....p. 4
Division Synopsis.....p. 6
Office of the State Archaeologist.....p. 8
Research Division.....p. 12
Underwater Archaeology Division.....p. 20
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program.....p. 32
Archaeology Week.....p. 34
Archaeological Society of South Carolina.....p. 38
Archaeological Research Trust.....p. 41
Staff.....p. 42
Appendix A - Publications.....p. 44
Appendix B - Editorships.....p. 47
Appendix C - Papers Presented.....p. 48
Appendix D - Courses Taught.....p. 51
Appendix E - Theses and …

Flow And Fantasy: An Exploration Of Role-Playing Games, Andrew Roy

Honors Papers

This chapter lays out the conceptual foundation that one must possess in order to examine the role-playing game phenomenon. First. I will present what has been done in the scholarly community on rpgs . This section will also serve as a justification for this study. In the second section, I will examine the games themselves , explaining their form and history to the reader.

Considering the massive popular impact that roleplaying games have had over the last two decades , there is remarkably little scholarship on them . Scanning across anthropological and sociological literature, one can find almost nothing that …

The Oaks Plantation Revealed: An Archaeological Survey Of The Home Of Joseph And Theodosia Burr Alston, Brookgreen Gardens, Georgetown County, South Carolina, James L. Michie

James L. Michie Archaeology Reports

Research Papers of the Waccamaw Center for Historical and Cultural Studies, Research Manuscript 4. Published by the Coastal Carolina University Waccamaw Center for Cultural and Historical Studies.

A Reconnaissance Search For Evidence Of The Capitana: Lucas Vazquez De Ayllon's 1526 Flagship, James L. Michie

James L. Michie Archaeology Reports

Research Papers of the Waccamaw Center for Historical and Cultural Studies, Research Manuscript 3. Published by the Coastal Carolina University Waccamaw Center for Cultural and Historical Studies.

Behavioral Sex Differences In Children Of Diverse Cultures: The Case Of Nurturance To Infants, Carolyn P. Edwards

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This chapter draws on the data from the Children of Different Worlds study (Whiting & Edwards, 1988) to consider the origin of sex differences in children’s behavior worldwide, in particular: (1) how different kinds of social behavior are elicited by different contexts of socialization (defined by the sex, age, status, and kinship of social interactants, ongoing activities, and other potent dimensions of setting); (2) how these contexts of socialization are distributed across cultures and associated with various adult subsistence strategies, family structures, household patterns, and forms of social networks; and (3) how boys and girls of each age in diverse …

Cultural Transposition: Exploring Meanings Of And Strategies For Cross-Cultural Transfer Of Organizational Practices, Yongming Tang

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The research objective is to study the phenomenon of transferring organizational practices which are conceptualized in one culture to another different culture. The purpose of the study is (1) to understand how cultural values and beliefs are manifested in behavior; (2) to explore how the Western organizational practices are interpreted and assimilated into an organization in an Eastern culture; and (3) to explore strategies for the fit between local cultural orientations and imported organizational practices. A qualitative, interpretive, and reflexive research methodology was developed to conduct this study.

The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase was designed …

Annual Report For 1989 And 1990, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

Annual Reports

The review presented in this Report is for the time period January 1989 - December 1990, and summarizes the ongoing research, public service, and educational benefits of the Institute's programs.

Contents:

Introduction.....p. 1
Highlights.....p. 3
Research.....p. 5
Office of State Archaeologist.....p. 11
Underwater Archaeology.....p. 15
Archaeological Society of South Carolina.....p. 25
Staff.....p. 27
Appendix A - Research Affiliates.....p. 28
Appendix B - Publications.....p. 28
Appendix C - Papers Presented.....p. 31
Appendix D - Public Education.....p. 34
Appendix E - Grants & Contracts.....p. 41
Appendix F - Courses Taught.....p. 42
Appendix G - Editorships.....p. 42
Appendix H - Theses and Dissertations.....p. …

Wife Abuse And The Political System: A Middle Eastern Case Study, Mary E. Hegland

Faculty Publications

Although wife abuse is common in Iran, it is a subject which has received almost no attention from scholars and little has been written on it. The purpose of this article is to examine the problem, to show the connection between wife-beating and the Iranian political system, and to raise questions for further research. The data on which this analysis is based come from my own research as well as from published sources. The two case histories of wife abuse presented exemplify social process in a political system characterized by arbitrariness and the need to dominate. The degree to which …