Digital Commons Network^™

Defensive Behavior Of The Hognose Snake (Heterodon Platyrhinos), Brenda S. Hemken

Masters Theses

Fourteen out of sixteen Heterodon platyrhinos eggs were hatched in late August, 1973. The immature snakes were manually stimulated and the resultant bluffing and death-feigning behaviors were observed. All of the experimental snakes bluffed, but only three out of ten feigned death. The major components of the bluffing behavior are spreading the neck, hissing, and striking. Death-feigning is preceded by contortions and shows variations in the positions of the mouth and tongue. The newly-hatched snakes exhibited both bluffing and death-feigning, indicating that the behaviors are innate.

An Introduction To The Ethology Of Citellus Variegatus, John W. Bell

Masters Theses

The above ground activity of the rock squirrel Citellus variegatus between November 6, 1972 and May 1, 1973, is described. This is a non-colonial species. Recognition was established between siblings by a nose to nose contact. In foraging they utilize almost any edible material available and during this time of year foraging is most intense between 11:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Vocalization was limited to alarm calls, which brought the other squirrels to the top of the rocks to become alert, and squeals. Hibernation varied in length depending in part on the elevation and in some did not occur at …

Rate Of Growth As A Method Of Assessing Water Quality, George L. Johnston

Masters Theses

A study of the Embarras River basin was conducted to determine if rate of growth could be used as an indicator of water quality. Six species of sucker were collected from five locations using hand seines and electrofishing gear from December 1970 to December 1971. Tests of eighteen water quality parameters were conducted from November 1970 to November 1971.

The fish were measured and scale samples taken. The rate of growth of the fish taken at the five stations was analyzed and compared using the single classification analysis of variance. Condition factors were also compared.

Although there was some difference …

The Effect Of Thermal Increases On The Acute Toxicity Of Copper And Hexavalent Chromium To Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus), Alan Kirk Millis

Masters Theses

48-hr, 96-hr, and incipient median tolerance limits of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) to copper and hexavalent chromium were determined at temperatures of 50, 60, 70, and 80 F. Standard static bioassay procedures were used. The incipient TLm for copper ranged from 0.56 ppm to 2.15 ppm and from 22.5 to 39.5 ppm for hexavalent chromium. The 48-hr and 96-hr results were somewhat higher. The highest resistance for both metals occurred at 70 F. At 80 F, however, there was a sharp decrease in tolerance. Increased oxygen consumption and opercular movement offer a possible explanation since they would …

Parasites Of Salmonid Fishes From Southcentral Alaska, James Carl Riis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The importance of fish parasites is directly related to the value of the fish they affect. Alaskan salmonids are extremely important and are constantly increasing in value to the United States. Other countries, such as Japan and Russia, are also finding Alaskan salmonids important as a foodstuff. If human populations continue growing at present rates, in only a few years there could be twice as many people eating fish. As a recreational asset in Alaska, salmonids rank at or near the top, both for sportfishing and as a natural attraction. It is thus important from an economic point of view …

Canis Lupus., L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Order Carnivora, Family Canidae. The genus Canis includes eight species. Approxi- mately 24 New World and eight Old World subspecies of C. lupus are recognized, the number depending on authorities accepted. For summary, see Mech (1970); for full synonymy, see Pocock (1935), Goldman (1944), Ellerman and Morrison- Scott (1951), Novikov (1956), and Hall and Kelson (1959).

Ichthyofaunal Survey Of The Current River Within Arkansas, Joe F. Green, John K. Beadles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Current River is a clear predominantly spring-fed stream draining the southeastern face of the Ozark escarpment. Beginning at Montauk Springs, Dent County, Missouri, it meanders southward for 180 km to the Arkansas-Missouri state line. The study area containing 14 sampling stations was that part of Current River lying within the boundaries of Arkansas to its confluence with Black River. The collected fishes could be referred to as those common to a wide-ranging faunal group, the Ozark, and the lowland faunal group. Those of the Ozark group were restricted in their range by topography and the river's confluence with Little Black …

Microscopic Anatomy Of The Digestive Tract Of The White Amur, Ctenopharyngodon Idella Val., Leland F. Morgans, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The digestive tract of the amur is like that of other vertebrates in that it is composed of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. The mucosa is composed of pseudostratified epithelial tissue and an extremely thin lamina propria and muscularis mucosa. Goblet cells are found throughout this layer of the gut, being most numerous In the posterior part. The submucosa is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. The muscularis externa consists of an inner and an outer layer of smooth muscle fibers. However, in the esophageal region this layer also contains some striated muscle. The serosa is composed …

Fish And Crustacea Of The Western Australian South Coast Rivers And Estuaries, R.C. J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Bulletins

A one year survey was undertaken to provide a preliminary check list of the fish fauna of the Western Australian south coast rivers and estuarine systems. Crustaceans collected during the survey were also included in the check list.

Review Of Fish Pathology: A Guide To The Recognition And Treatment Of Diseases And Injuries Of Fishes, With Emphasis On Environmental And Pollution Problems And Parasites Of Freshwater Fishes: A Review Of Their Control & Treatment, Ross F. Nigrelli

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Fish Pathology states in its subtitle that it is "A guide to the recognition and treatment of diseases and injuries of fIshes with emphasis on environmental and pollution problems." These topics were included in the author's earlier volume "Krankheiten und Schadigungen der Fische" (Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1966) and are only slightly revised in . this English translation by Christa Ahrens. Fish Pathology deals briefly but inadequately with semiology and histopathologY but it is a good introduction to information on infectious, parasitic, and nonparasitic diseases of fishes, and to such subjects as the harmful effects of pollutants and abnormal environmental …

End Matter, Vol. 19 No. 1

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Water Quality And Fishes Of Rocky Branch Nature Preserve, Clark County, Illinois, Larry J. Decker

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Water Quality And Benthic Macroinvertebrate Fauna Of Lake Charleston, Coles County, Illinois, Paul Barding

Masters Theses

The benthic macroinvertebrate fauna and 15 water quality parameters for five sites on Lake Charleston, Coles County, Illinois were examined for 26 weeks from March 14 through September 5, 1974. None of the water quality parameters studied showed sufficient deviations at any particular area on the lake to merit demarcated water quality zonation. The lake, with its continuous mixing and shallow depth, represented a fairly stable and continuous environment. The benthic macroinvertebrate fauna was determined as fairly diverse and some indication of seasonal variation was apparent. No significant compositional variation over different areas of the lake was found, also indicating …

The Effects Of Effort And Day Of Exposure On Imprinting, Jean Elizabeth Van Dyke

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

24 pairs of newly-hatched Leghorn chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups. Ss in one group followed a moving object for 30 min on Day 1 of life; Ss in another group followed for 30 min on Day 2; Ss in the remaining group followed for 15 min on Day 1 and 15 min on Day 2. One S in each pair followed by his own effort, while the other S rode behind the object in a transparent box. On Day 4, Ss were tested for the duration of following of the object. No important differences among groups were observed. …

Cytotypes And Morphometrics Of Two Phyllostomatid Bats, Micronycteris Hirsuta And Vampyressa Pusilla, Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways, William J. Bleier, Jerry W. Warner

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

As pointed out by Jackson (1971) and Patton (1972), the key to understanding mechanisms of chromosomal evolution lies in studies of chromosomal variation within populations that can hybridize. Hybrids between cytotypes contain the answer to problems of meiotic pairing and reduced fertility, as well as information concerning the nature of zones of contact. However, before detailed studies can be initiated, chromosomal races and hybrid zones must be located. Few chromosomal races have been described for bats (Baker, 1970a). Within the family Vespertilionidae, five species are known to have such races (Baker, 1970a) and races have been reported in two species …

Cytotypes And Morphometrics Of Two Phyllostomatid Bats, Micronycteris Hirsuta And Vampyressa Pusilla, Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways, William J. Bleier, Jerry W. Warner

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Jackson and Patton stated that the key to understanding mechanisms of chromosomal evolution lies in studies of chromosomal variation within populations that can hybridize. Hybrids between cytotypes contain the answer to problems of meiotic pairing and reduced fertility, as well as information concerning the nature of zones of contact. However, before detailed studies can be initiated, chromosomal races and hybrid zones must be located. Few chromosomal races have been described for bats. Within the family Vespertilionidae, five species are known to have such races and races have been reported in two species of the family Phyllostomatidae.

Described are chromosomal races …

How Many Cranes Make A Skyful?, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Every year thousands of lesser sandhills congregate along the Platte River in Nebraska on their spring migration northwards. Mainly because of local damage caused by the birds during their fall migration, they have been legally hunted since 1961. Can the population survive such persistent destruction?

One may ask the question “How many cranes are enough?” This is perhaps analogous to the rhetorical question as to how many redwood trees are needed to make a viable forest; for a remnant crane population is not only unimpressive but also seemingly does not survive or reproduce well, judging from population trends in the …

Natural And Unnatural Selection In A Wild Goose, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

Blue goose and snow goose color phases enable the species to reproduce efficiently in the harsh Canadian climate. But hunters, more eager than sporting, are upsetting this finely tuned pattern of survival.

Systematics And Evolutionary Relationships Of Spiny Pocket Mice, Genus Liomys, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Introduction

Spiny pocket mice of the genus Liomys are members of the rodent family Heteromyidae and together with the genus Heteromys form the subfamily Heteromyinae. Their geographic range extends from northern Sonora, in western Mexico, and southern Texas southward to the vicinity of the Panama Canal Zone. Within this area, members of the genus occur mainly in dry to arid situations being replaced in areas of rain forest and cloud forest by members of the genus Heteromys. The vernacular name for Liomys is based on the fact that many of their hairs have been modified in the form of …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 49, No. 4), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Report No 13 - Results Of A Biological Survey Of The Shire Of Kent, Western Australia, N. L. Mckenzie

Fisheries Research Reports

The Department of Fisheries and Fauna is responsible for the conservation of the native fauna in Western Australia. The main approach to this problem has been the creation of reserves for "The Conservation of Flora and Fauna". These reserves, known as "Wildlife Sanctuaries", are controlled by the Western Australian Wild Life Authority - a Statutory Authority serviced by the Department.

The object of the acquisition programme is to develop a reserve system which will include, as far as possible, a full and permanent cross-section of the State's native floral and faunal assemblages and, at the same time, provide for the …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 49, No. 3), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Nongeographic Variation In The Long-Nosed Bat, Choeroniscus Intermedius, Hugh H. Genoways, Robert J. Baker, Bernard Wyatt

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Of the 12 measurements analyzed, only length of tail exhibited enough individual variation to warrant its deletion in analysis of geographic or interspecific variation in the genus Choeroniscus. Also, because of the difficulty in consistently taking the measurement, we also suggest elimination of postorbital constriction.

Specimens of Choeroniscus intermedius were found to exhibit significant secondary sexual variation in five of the 12 measurements studied. Therefore, it is clear that males and females should be separated in analyses of variation within members of the genus. Females were found to be the larger in 10 of the 12 measurements--similar to the …

Community Characteristics Of Six Burned Aspen-Conifer Sites And Their Related Animal Use /|Clarry H. Kleinman, Larry H. Kleinman

Theses and Dissertations

Six forest areas destroyed by fire representing different seral stages of aspen development and conifer invasion were studied to determine successional dynamics and the related livestock and big game use. Factors measured were: (a) age, basal area, density and frequency of aspen and conifer trees; (b) density and frequency of under-story species; (c) forage production for forbs, grasses, and browse, and (d) animal-days use for deer, cattle and sheep. Aspen appeared in the community the spring following the fire and conifers appeared fifteen to twenty years later. Conifers had begun to dominate aspen on an eighty-two year old stand. The …

Time Of Mating And Incidence Of Conception And Implantation In The Post Partum Lactating Female Mouse, Paul A. Walter

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the School of Sciences and Mathematics at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology By Paul A. Walter on July 23, 1973.

Front Matter, Vol. 18 No. 4

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 18 No. 4

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Food And Feeding Of Fishes From Magothy Bay, Virginia, Joseph J. Kimmel

OES Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Simulation Model Of Peromyscus Leucopus In An Area Of The Great Dismal Swamp, James E. Paschal Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A computer simulation model was developed to explain the population dynamics of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) in an area of the Great Dismal Swamp. The model was designed to provide an experimental base for future studies. The model indicates relationships between food availability, home range size, competition with Peromyscus nuttali habitat selection and reproduction.

White-footed mice were trapped in the Old Dismal Town site during each season from April, 1972 through March, 1973. The age-sex structure of the population was determined, and was compared with the simulated structure. Although there were significant discrepancies between the comparisons, the …

Effects Of A Nuclear Detonation On Arthropods At The Nevada Test Site, Dorald M. Allred

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

Fifty-three arthropod species were studied in an area affected by an underground nuclear detonation. These were represented by 10 species of ants, 17 beetles, 5 orthopterans, 4 scorpions, 6 solpugids, and 11 spiders (Table 16). Relative populations were determined prior to the detonation and at three periods after the detonation–(1) one and two months after (August and September 1962), (2) 11 months after (June 1963), and (3) 13 months after (August 1963). One and two months after the detonation, the number of species was reduced from the expected by 48 percent, by 52 percent after 11 months, and by 66 …