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Cranial Variations And Skull Suture Obliterations As Related To Age In The Coyote (Canis Latrans), Kurt Daine

Masters Theses

Three criteria, skull size, development of the postorbital process, and cranial suture obliteration were examined to evaluate their effectiveness as possible age indicators in the coyote (Canis latrans). Two collections of coyote skulls were evaluated. The first was 130 skulls of known age, from Utah, which were used to compare the above characteristics to the age of the animal. The second was 151 Illinois Department of Conservation (DOC) skulls of unknown age, which were used in conjunction with the known age skulls to evaluate differences in skull size and observer and inter-observer subjectivity in the classification of suture …

Regulatory Cell Biology Of Growth Hormone And Prolactin In The Cow Mammary Gland, David Andrew Walkup

Master's Theses

Prolactin (PRL) acts directly on milk secretory cell nuclei to stimulate lactation in rats. In the cow, PRL has been detected in Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and secretory vesicle subcellular fractions of mammary gland , but not nuclear fractions. However, growth hormone {GH) is the galactopoeitic hormone in cows, not PRL. The possibility of GH acting directly on the cow milk secretory cells, and PRL acting on their nuclei was investigated using an immunocytochemical method. PRL and GH were detected in endoplasmic reticular and Golgi apparatus regions of the milk secretory cells, as well as, on nuclear and fat globule …

Selenium In The Aquatic Environment Of Quivira National Wildlife Refuge In 1987, R. Mark Wilson, George T. Allen

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Selenium is a widely distributed element generally found at low concentrations in surface waters and soils (Cooper et. al. 1974. Kubota 1980. Raptis et. al. 1983. Trelease 1945). Selenium has received recent attention from the Department of the Interior and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) because high levels of selenium borne by irrigation return flows have caused serious problems for fish and wildlife (Clark 1987. Hoffman et. al. 1988. Lemly 1987. Ohlendorf et. al. 1986a,b, 1987, 1988, Saiki and Lowe 1987). Because selenium concentrations can occur in coal deposits, ash from coal-fired powerplants has caused serious selenium contamination …

Distribution And Status Of Shrews In Arkansas, Diana A. Garland, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Between January, 1988 and February, 1989 a total of 1300 pitfall traps were placed in 150 sites covering 43 counties in Arkansas. Over 290 small mammals and numerous amphibians, lizards, tortoises, and invertebrates were captured. Shrews accounted for167 of the small mammals, and included Blarina carolinensis (116), Cryptotis parva (48), and Sorex longirostris (3). B. carolinensis is abundant in all habitats in the southeastern two-thirds of the state, C. parva is common statewide in grassy or brushy areas, and S. longirostris is considered to be uncommon, but is found in a variety of habitats. B. hylophaga, although not targeted, is …

Dental Pathology In Selected Carnivores From Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, J. D. Wilhide, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The occurrence and kinds of dental pathology in wild carnivore populations in Arkansas were investigated through examination of 1295 skulls of bobcat (Felis rufus), river otter (Lutra canadensis), gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), coyote (Canis latrans), and raccoon (Procyon lotor). Pulpitis or abscesses in broken or otherwise exposed teeth were noted in all species, but bobcats had the fewest exposures while otter and gray foxhad the most. Osteomyelitis occurred in all species except the bobcat. Caries were noted in the coyote, raccoon, and gray fox. Otter and coyote had alveolar thinning, and coyote had enamel dysplasia and maxillary sinusitis.

Mammals Of Southwestern Arkansas Part Iii. Carnivores, Tim W. Steward, V. Rick Mcdaniel, Daniel R. England

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This study investigates the composition of the carnivore fauna of southwestern Arkansas and presents data on habitat affinities. The study area is comprised of the 21 counties located south and/or west of and including Pulaski County. The previously existing data set pertaining to the mammals of Arkansas was notably incomplete and the study area, in particular, was poorly known mammalogically. Specimens were collected by standard trapping and salvage methods throughout the study area. Species considered during this study were limited to those meeting a set of criteria designed to eliminate species that had been introduced or artificially maintained. This study …

Reproduction And Larval Development In The Marbled Salamander, Ambystoma Opacum (Caudata: Ambystomatidae), From Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Brian P. Butterfield

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Field investigations of the reproductive biology and larval growth and development in Ambystoma opacum from northeastern Arkansas began in early October, 1987 at the onset of nesting activities, and concluded in early May, 1988 when larval transformation occurred. The onset and timing of clutch deposition were documented. Clutch size averaged 107.1 eggs and was not significantly correlated with snout- vent length (SVL). The incubation period was estimated to be 90 days. Larvae grew at an average rate of 6.3 mm SVL per month. Metamorphosis, in early May, occurred at an average SVLof 30.5 mm. Larval development was recorded by noting …

Reproduction In The Wood Frog, Rana Sylvatica (Anura: Ranidae), From Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Michael E. Cartwright, Walter E. Meshaka Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Distribution Of The Ichthyofauna Of Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Alamo, Texas, Matthew Albert Ciomperlik

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This study investigated the small aquatic ecosystems of Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, located in a predominantly agricultural area of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas. Fishes and water quality data were collected for 13 months to determine the status of fish populations and the factors which influence their distributions on the refuge.

Sixteen fish species were collected during the study, however, more than 20 species are known to inhabit the Rio Grande in the vicinity of the refuge. Water source played a major role in influencing fish species richness in these aquatic ecosystems. Diverted river water offered the best …

Geographic Distribution: Lampropeltis C. Calligaster (Prairie Kingsnake). Usa: Nebraska: Thayer Co., Louis A. Somma, John F. Lokke

Papers in Herpetology

LAMPROPELT/S C. CALL/GASTER (Prairie Kingsnake). USA: NEBRASKA: Thayer Co.: Hubbell: unmarked section road ca. 0.4km S of State Hwy 8 (T1N. R1W, SW corner S29). 11 June 1988. L. A. Somma and J. F. Lokke. Verified by J. F. Lokke and L. A. Somma. University of Nebraska at Omaha Herpetological Collection c/o J. D. Fawcett (101-11-688). Road killed adult. New county record, extends range ca. 18.5km W of record in adjacent Jefferson Co. (lynch 1985. Trans. Nebraska Acad. Sci. 13:33-57). Represents most northwesterly record in USA (Blaney 1979. Cat. Amer. Amph. Rept (229):1-2).

Elaphe Bairdi (Baird’S Rat Snake): Drinking Behavior., Louis A. Somma

Papers in Herpetology

On 13 February 1988. at 1600 h. a captive-bred (hatched July 1985) male Elaphe bairdi (TL.136.9 cm, SVL .. 89.54 cm). maintained in a 50.5 x 25 x 30 cm terrerium was accidently splashed with water. As beads of water on the snake's head rolled down to the upper labial sceles. swallowing was observed. The water on the labial scales was drawn Into the mouth while It was closed. This behavior lasted 42 sec. This behavior was repeated 23 out of 24 trials conducted during the next 24 days. The duration of swallowing wes 9-62 sec (avg 35.8, N = …

Helminth Parasites Of Northern Spotted Owls (Strix Occidentalis Caurina) From Oregon, Eric P. Hoberg, G. S. Miller, E. Wallner-Pendleton, O. R. Hedstrom

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Helminth parasites are reported for the first time from northern spotted owls. Seventyone percent of a sample of Strix occidentalis caurina from western Oregon was infected. Nematodes (Porrocaecum depressum, Capillaria falconis, Microtetrameres sp. and Synhimantus hamatus) were the most prevalent parasites although cestodes (Paruterina rauschi) and acanthocephalans (Centrorhynchus conspectus) were also represented. There was an association between components of this helminth fauna and the diet of spotted owls which is dominated by small rodents. The occurrence of P. rauschi rather than P. candelabraria in this geographic region and host-species may provide additional …

The Bats Of Fountain Cavern, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

First paragraph:

During May 1988, two species of bats--Brachyphylla cavernarum (Antillean cave bat) and Natalus stramineus (funnel-eared bat)--were captured at the opening of Fountain Cavern. Only Brachyphylla cavernarum was captured inside of the cave. The weather was extremely wet during our visit to Anguilla so our work in Fountain Cavern was limited by hazardous conditions. Nevertheless, we did make a thorough survey of the bats inside the cave. There is only one other species on Anguilla--Monophyllus redmani (Antillean long-tongued bat)--that might be expected to utilize Fountain Cavern as a roosting site.

Includes the author's recommendations about conservation for …

Caribbean Island Zoogeography: A New Approach Using Mitochondrial Dna To Study Neotropical Bats, Carleton J. Phillips, Dorothy E. Pumo, Hugh H. Genoways, Phillip E. Ray

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Genetic analysis of animal mitochondrial DNA is a new and valuable addition to the battery of techniques available to zoogeographers. This paper describes characteristics of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that make it applicable for the study of island zoogeography.

Some traditional zoogeographic questions are examined using mtDNA from the Neotropical fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis. The specific questions are: 1) To what extent are island populations isolated (that is, does interbreeding occur between the insular subspecies)? 2) Can a single founding female account for the mitochondrial genomes on specific islands in the Antilles? 3) Is there a correlation between the genomic …

Selected Bibliography On Diseases And Parasites Of Fishes: Books, Proceedings, And Reviews, 1978-1989, Joyce A. Mann

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This bibliography was prepared to assist students of fish health, fishery biologists, librarians, and others in selecting reading materials or developing library collections on the diseases and parasites of fishes. A continuation of Fish Disease Leaflet 53, "Diseases and parasites of fish: an annotated bibliography of books and symposium, 1904-1977," it includes English language books, proceedings, and review articles published from 1978 to 1989. It includes references that are readily available by purchase or through interlibrary loan. The references are arranged alphabetically by author surname and then by year within the following major subject classifications: general works, bacterial diseases, histology, …

Seasonal Trailing Behavior And Corticosterone Levels In Male Red-Sided Garter Snakes (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis), Pamela Kay Thinesen

Dissertations and Theses

Mechanisms of how red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) travel up to 18 km from summer feeding sites to hibernation dens are not understood. In this study, monthly and seasonal trailing behavior were investigated to determine whether red-sided garter snakes prefer to follow trails of snakes from the same den (den-mates) versus trails made by other conspecifics (non-den-mates). Snakes from five different hibernacula in Manitoba, Canada, were involved in the study. Eighteen were adults and 15 were subadults. Subadult red-sided garter snakes do not return to hibernacula until their second year of life, so their trailing behavior was of interest …

Temporal And Spatial Variation In Pelagic Fish Abundance In Lake Mead Determined From Echograms, Gene R. Wilde, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Echograms have been used extensively to locate and estimate the relative abundance of marine fish stocks (Cushing 1973). In freshwater, echograms have been used to describe vertical (Netsch et al. 1971; Eggers 1978; O'Brien et al. 1984; Matthews et al. 1985), spatial (O'Brien et al. 1984; Wanjala et al. 1986) and temporal (Baker and Paulson 1983) patterns in fish abundance. Although most uses of echograms have been qualitative, Mullan and Applegate (1969) and Matthews et al. (1985) obtained relative estimates of fish abundance by counting targets (fish) on echograms. However, neither Mullan and Applegate (1969) nor Matthews et al. (1985) …

Effects Of Methylxanthines On Newborn Rat Respiration, Craig Gatto

Masters Theses

Methylxanthines (MX), such as theophylline, are commonly used in the treatment of recurrent apnea due to their stimulant effects on the respiratory center. Structure-activity studies have demonstrated that substitution of alkyl groups on the 3-position of the xanthine nucleus results in increased bronchodilator potency, while substitution on the 1-position is important for adenosine antagonism and CNS stimulation. Three different alkylxanthines were studied to determine the structural requirements for respiratory stimulation. Respiratory rates and volumes were determined in 4- to 7-day-old rats using a volume displacement body plethysmograph. Measurements were made before and at 5 minute intervals after subcutaneous (s.c.) injection …

Announcement About The 20th International Ornithological Congress In Nebraska Bird Review (December 1988) 56(4)

Nebraska Bird Review

THE 20TH INTERNATIONAL ORNITHOLOGICAL CONGRESS will take place in Christchurch, New Zealand, on 2-9 December 1990. The Congress programme will include 7 plenary lectures, 48 symposia, contributed papers (spoken and poster), workshops, round-table discussions and films. There will be a mid-Congress excursion, day. Longer tours are planned to interesting ornithological sites in New Zealand before anc.' after the Congress, including the post Congress cruises to sub-antarctic islands.

Survival Of Trout Strains As Affected By Limnological Parameters, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Prior work at East Canyon Reservoir, Utah indicated that adult trout are important predators of stocked juvenile rainbow trout. Brown trout, in particular, were exclusively piscivorous when th~y exceeded 185 mm standard length. Fish became increasingly important in the diet of cutthroat trout greater than 330 mm. The purpose of this study was to further document the effect of adult trout on survival of juvenile rainbow trout in mid-elevation reservoirs. Causey Reservoir was chosen because it was thought to contain large brown and cutthroat trout and had not been intensively studied during the last eight years.

Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) From The Subterranean Rodent Ctenomys Opimus Wagner (Ctenomyidae) From Bolivia, South America, Christine R. Lambert, Scott Lyell Gardner, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Of 35 tuco-tucos (Ctenomys opimus) collected in Bolivia, South America, 31 (88%) had eimerian oocysts in their feces at the time they were examined. Eighteen (58%) of the 31 infected animals were concurrently infected with 2 or 3 eimerian species. Four species of Eimeria were recovered and are described as new species based on the characteristics of sporulated oocysts. Oocysts of E. granifera n. sp. were ellipsoidal, 21.1 x 17.2 (15-26 x 11-20), μm with sporocysts ovoidal, 11.3 x 7.1 (8-14 x 5-9), μm. Oocysts of Eimeria montuosi n. sp. were spheroidal, 24.2 x 22.0 (21-28 x …

Fisheries Report No. 81 - A Research Vessel Survey Of Pearl Oyster And Prawn Resources North-West Of Broome Western Australia, J. W. Penn, R. Dybdahl

Fisheries Research Reports

Data from a research vessel survey in September and October 1987 and commercial catch records have been used to assess the pearl oyster and prawn stocks along the Broome coastline between 17°S and 18°S latitudes. Observations made by pearl divers indicated that the survey zone contained commercially significant quantities of unfished pearl oysters particularly in the depth range 10 to 27 m, but also extending out to 44 m depth. The pearl oysters in the survey zone were found to be predominantly mature animals and appeared to be part of the now lightly fished deep water spawning population extending from …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 64, No. 4), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Wpa News 22 (1988), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (November 1988), number 22

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Cestodes Of The Genus Hymenolepis Weinland, 1858 Sensu Stricto From Pocket Gophers Geomys And Thomomys Spp. (Rodentia: Geomyidae) In Colorado And Oregon, With A Discriminant Analysis Of Four Species Of Hymenolepis, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerald D. Schmidt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes found to represent previously undescribed members of the genus Hymenolepis s. str. (Yamaguti, 1959) were recovered from pocket gophers, Geomys bursarius (Shaw), in northeastern Colorado. Hymenolepis weldensis n. sp. and H. geomydis n. sp., not occurring together in any individual host, were found in 3 and 8%, respectively, of pocket gophers examined for helminths. The life cycle of H. weldensis was completed in the laboratory using beetles, Tenebrio molitor (L.), as intermediate hosts, and pocket gophers of three genera (Geomys, Thomomys, and Pappogeomys) as definitive hosts. Development of H. weldensis did not …

Animal Science Newsletter, Fall 1988

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

Animal Science Building Dedication and Open House
Thanks for Support
New Faculty
Recipients of Awards
Graduate Student Recognition
Deaths in the Animal Science Family
Faculty Retirements
Enrollment Trends
New Programs in the Department
Alumni News
Block and Bridle Club
Judging Teams Have A Successful Year
Reception/Brunch for Dr. Ernie R. Peo, Jr. Recognition of His Retirement

Teratogenic Effects Of Zinc On Embryo-Larval Stages Of The Fathead Minnow (Pimephales Promelas), Barbara A. Ramey

KWRRI Research Reports

The effects of zinc on embryos and larvae of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) were studied using standard 8-day embryo-larval bioassay techniques. The objective was to determine if there was a period in embryonic development which would be the most sensitive to the toxic and teratogenic effects of zinc. Five developmental stages were exposed to 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/L. After 96 hr, all animals exposed to 3.0 mg Zn/L were dead. The hatching stage was the most affected by 1.0 mg/L, with only 59% surviving after 96 hr, while the tailbud stage showed essentially control-level survival. However, virtually all …

A Review Of The Pacific Members Of The Gobiid Fish Genus Bollmannia Jordan, Robin L. Bedenbaugh

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The Pacific members of the genus Bollmannia Jordan 1890 comprise seven species of gobies distributed from Baja California to Peru and west to the Galapagos Archipelago.

Previous authors recognized nine nominal species, all known only from their brief original accounts. Those accounts do not allow for proper discrimination of the species. All nominal species were re­ examined using meristic, morphometric, and pigment-pattern characteristics. Three of the nine nominal species are herein considered synonymous with previously described forms. The six valid nominal species are redescribed, a new species is described, and a key and illustrations are provided for the seven valid …

The Development And Comparative Morphology Of The Mandibular Symphysis In Salamanders, Jennifer Lorenz Elwood

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Despite the extensive literature on salamander cranial morphology, few authors mention the structure or development of the mandibular symphysis. Adult specimens representing eight caudate families and larval Ambystoma opacum, representing nine developmental stages, were evaluated histologically to determine the structure and development of the mandibular symphysis.

From this analysis it was determined that early in the ontogeny of the mandibular symphysis Meckel's cartilages are separated by a band of undifferentiated cartilage. As development progresses, this band of undifferentiated cartilage gradually transforms into a wedge of fibrocartilage which fuses to Meckel's cartilages.

Symphyseal morphologies of the adult caudates could be broken …

Variation In Piglet Weights: Weight Gains In The First Days After Birth And Their Relationship With Later Performance, B. K. Thompson, D. Fraser

Ontogeny Collection

Piglets from 42 litters of Yorkshire sows were weighed 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, and 14 d after farrowing in order to explore the highly variable weight gains during the first 2 wk after birth. All litters were adjusted to 10-12 piglets by fostering. Litters differed greatly in average gain per piglet during the first 3 d after farrowing, with litter means ranging from 5 to 227 g d‒1 per piglet for the 3-d period. Gains during days 0-3 tended to be somewhat lower if the sow had a high body temperature during these days, but the …