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List Of Museum Type Repositories, Stephen L. Wood, Donald E. Bright Jr.

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Red Kangaroos On The Rangelands, Grant Norbury, Dale Norbury

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Kangaroos and other native animals should be maintained across their natural range, including areas set aside for pastoral use. But the added grazing pressure on native vegetation from sheep, cattle and feral animals, together with unnaturally high numbers of kangaroos, has seriously degraded much of our rangelands. Cattle and sheep numbers are relatively easy to control. The same cannot be said for kangaroos. Access to widespread man-made watering points has allowed kangaroos to continue breeding when normally a shortage of water would suppress reproduction.

Pastoralists complain that commercial kangaroo shooting is not always effective in preventing damage caused by kangaroos. …

Circulating Gonadotrophins During A Period Of Restricted Energy Intake In Relation To Body Condition In Heifers, M. S. Roberson, T. T. Stumpf, M. W. Wolfe, Andrea S. Cupp, N. Kojima, L. A. Werth, Roger J. Kittok, J. E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Beef heifers, 13 months old, were fed to achieve high (7·6 + 0·2 units) or low (3·9 ± 0·1 units) body condition by feeding them one of two diets for 20 weeks. During week 17 of the growth phase, all heifers were ovariectomized. From week 20 to week 27 (restriction phase), all heifers were fed a daily diet containing 0·071 MJ metabolizable energy kg^-1 body weight. At weekly intervals throughout the restriction phase, blood samples were collected at 10-min intervals for 11 h to determine the pattern of secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), the amount of LH released in …

Modulation Of Luteinizing Hormone And Follicle-Stimulating Hormone In Circulation By Interactions Between Endogenous Opioids And Oestradiol During The Peripubertal Period Of Heifers, M. W. Wolfe, M. S. Roberson, T. T. Stumpf, Roger J. Kittok, J. E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to determine whether the decline in oestradiol inhibition of circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during the peripubertal period of heifers is associated with a change in opioid modulation of LH and FSH secretion. Opioid inhibition of LH secretion was determined by response to administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone. Prepubertal heifers (403 days old) were left as intact controls, ovariectomized or ovariectomized and chronically administered oestradiol. Control heifers were used to determine time of puberty. Three weeks after ovariectomy, four doses of naloxone (0·13-0·75 mg kg^-1 body weight) or saline …

Steady-State Amounts Of Α- And Luteinizing Hormone (Lh) Β-Subunit Messenger Ribonucleic Acids Are Uncoupled From Pulsatility Of Lh Secretion During Sexual Maturation Of The Heifer, M. S. Roberson, M. W. Wolfe, T. T. Stumpf, D. L. Hamernik, Andrea S. Cupp, L. A. Werth, N. Kojima, Roger J. Kittok, H. E. Grotjan, J. E. Kinder [email protected]

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Our primary objective for this study was to determine whether steady-state amounts of α - and LH β-subunit mRNAs in the anterior pituitary are altered during sexual maturation in the bovine female. A secondary objective was to determine whether 17β-estradiol (E₂) alters amounts of LH subunit mRNAs before onset of puberty. Heifers (7 mo old) were assigned to one of three treatments: 1) ovariectomized (OVX, n = 16); 2) OVX and administered E₂ (OVXE, n = 16); or 3) ovary-intact (INTACT, n = 20). Pituitaries were collected at an estimated 120 days before onset of puberty (prepuberty) …

Pqf News: Newsletter Of The Partridge, Quail And Francolin Specialist Group 1-3, 5-6 (1992-1995), Iucn Species Survival Commission, Birdlife International, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

The purpose of the newsletter is to receive details of new projects, re-assessments of the status of relevant species, interesting discoveries or observations, taxonomic changes, conservation successes or threats and anything else that members might find interesting. We would like in future issues to produce a list of relevant publications which appear during the year in order to keep members up-to-date with current information. We will publish requests for contacts or information, advertisements for conferences and workshops and news of projects and project proposals.

Issue 1 (February 1992)

Foreword by Simon D. Dowell

News from around the regions: Commonwealth of …

Visual Feeding By Juvenile Bear Lake Sculpin, D. Neverman, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Young-of-the-year Bear Lake sculpin Cottus extensus feed throughout the day on benthic invertebrates and cease feeding at night when they migrate to the metalimnion. We investigated their reliance on vision by conducting feeding trials at different light levels in the laboratory. Feeding rate reached a maximum at intermediate light levels (near 10^16 photons sm^–2 ss^–1; approximately 1 lux) but decreased as light intensity increased beyond this range. At this maximum rate, the fish fed nine times faster than they were able to feed in the dark, showing that young Bear Lake sculpin rely heavily upon vision to feed. The light …

A Trophic Gradient Analysis Of Lake Powell During Spring Runnoff 1992, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Clyde Lay, Darren Carlise, Corey Huxol, Craig Schaugaard, Beau Clements, David Beauchamp

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Between 26 April and 2 May 1992, students in a utah state university aquatic ecology class visited Lake Powell to do a study of trophic gradients of the reservoir. The main axis of the reservoir was surveyed, as well as less detailed analyses of Moki and Escalante Canyons. The work was conducted in collaboration with personnel from the u.s. Bureau of Reclamation headed by Bill Vernieu, and from the u.s. Geological Survey (Dick Marzolf). Some of their data appear in the physical-chemical section of this report.

Each student was responsible for compiling a report on one of the following specific …

Exogenous Progesterone And Progestins As Used In Estrous Synchrony Regimens Do Not Mimic The Corpus Luteum In Regulation Of Luteinizing Hormone And 17Β-Estradiol In Circulation Of Cows, N. Kojima, T. T. Stumpf, Andrea S. Cupp, L. A. Werth, M. S. Roberson, M. W. Wolfe, Roger J. Kittok, James E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Our working hypothesis was that the low concentrations of progesterone (P₄) and synthetic progestins administered in hormonal regimens to control estrous cycles of cows would have similar effects on secretion of LH and 17β-estradiol (E₂). In addition, we hypothesized that concentrations of exogenous P₄ typical of the midluteal phase of the estrous cycle and the corpus luteum (CL) would have similar effects on LH and E₂, and the effects would be different from those of synthetic progestins and low concentrations of P₄. Cows (n = 29) were randomly assigned to one …

Distributional Survey Of The Bird-Voiced Treefrog, Hyla Avivoca (Anura: Hylidae), In Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A field study of the bird-voiced treefrog, Hyla avivoca, was conducted in Arkansas during the summer of 1991. A total of 75 separate sites in 23 counties was visited. Males with their distinctive whistle-like calls were listened for at night at each site. Breeding colonies of Hyla avivoca were found in four of the six major river basins; the study established three new county records. Currently, this species has been documented at 14 sites in 10 counties; in very few situations were the treefrogs locally abundant (voucher specimens deposited in the Arkansas State University Museum of Zoology). Habitat perturbation and …

Age Specific Analysis Of Food Habits For Arkansas Raccoons (Procyon Lotor), J. D. Wilhide, V. Rick Mcdaniel, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Lake Trout Spawning In Lake Tahoe: Egg Incubation In Deepwater Macrophyte Beds, D. A. Beauchamp, B. C. Allen, R. C. Richards, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, C. R. Goldman

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Although most populations of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush spawn over rocky shoals, use of these substrates by lake trout has not yet been found in Lake Tahoe. Large cobble substrate exists at depths less than 20 m, and steep, fractured, rocky substrate can be found in isolated areas from the surface down to at least 100 m, but no evidence of spawning activity in these areas has been found. Instead, at least a portion of the population spawns on deepwater mounds (40–60 m deep) over beds of the macrophyte Chara delicatula. This is the first known report of lake trout …

Key To Subject Areas, Stephen L. Wood, Donald E. Bright Jr.

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.

Size-Specific Growth Of Illinois Stream Fishes: Relationships With Biotic And Abiotic Habitat Variables, John H. Putman Ii

Masters Theses

Growth is an important component in the ecology and management of stream fisheries. Growth of stream fish has received relatively little attention and relationships with habitat variables are largely unknown. We quantified growth of juvenile and adult size classes of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), and smallmouth bass (M. dolomieui) from Illinois streams. Growth rates for each species fell within ranges previously reported for lakes and rivers in the United States although they averaged slightly lower. Within each species except channel catfish, growth …

Population Status And Characteristics Of Macrhybopsis Gelida, Platygobio Gracilis And Rhinichthys Cataractae In The Missouri River Basin, Selena J. Werdon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Few sturgeon chub (Macrhybopsis gelida: Cyprinidae) have been collected in the last decade, therefore their status, habitat selection and morphology were investigated at 172 previous collection sites. Data on two ecologically similar species, Platygobio gracilis and Rhinichthys cataractae, were also collected. Macrhvbopsis gelida were collected at 28 sites on the Powder River (n = 158) in Wyoming and Montana, and at one site on the Yellowstone River (n = 1) in Montana. Age-I, Age-II and Age-III M. gelida were collected. Specimens were 37 to 95 mm in total length. Macrhvbopsis gelida were ripe in mid-June, at water temperatures of 18.3-22. …

Individual Identification And Sex Determination Of Whooping Cranes By Analysis Of Vocalizations, Glenn Carlson

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

I analyzed 3 temporal and 2 frequency features of whooping crane (Grus americana) guard calls from 4 locations to determine if vocalizations could be used as a means of sex determination and individual identification in this species. Wild birds were recorded at Grays Lake, Idaho, and Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, and captive birds were recorded at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Maryland, and the International Crane Foundation, Wisconsin. Discriminant analysis provided an overall success rate of 98.8% in classifying individual calls to the appropriate sex of Whooping crane. This success rate is comparable to that of the current …

The Ecology Of Native Grassland Macroinvertebrates And Feeding Ecology Of Sandhill Cranes, Craig A. Davis, Paul A. Vohs

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The ecology of native grassland macroinvertebrates along the Platte River in central Nebraska and their role in the feeding ecology of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) was examined on 3 native grasslands along the Platte River during late winter-early spring, 1989 and 1990. Four hundred forty-four soil samples from the study area were sorted for macroinvertebrates. Environmental factors such as soil moisture, water table depth, soil texture, and plant species composition were recorded from each soil collection site. Fifteen sandhill cranes, observed feeding for 40 minutes, were collected from 1 of the study areas. Maeroinvertebrates were collected from 4 …

Black-Necked Cranes Nesting In Tibet Autonomous Region, China, Nancy C. Dwyer, Mary Anne Bishop, Jim S. Harkness, Zhang Yao Zhong

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Between 7 May and 5 August 1991 we counted 298 black-necked cranes (Grus nigricollis) on breeding grounds in central and southwestern Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). We confirmed breeding for 32 pairs: we found 17 nests at 8 wetland sites and 15 broods of 25 chicks, including 5 transitional fledglings. Mean altitude of nest wetlands was 4694 m. Nest height averaged 21.3 em above water, and water depth averaged 14.8 em. Black-necked cranes nested a mean of 140.5 m from uplands and 803 m from potential disturbance such as a road or dwelling. Mean nest initiation date was 28 …

Population Recovery Of The Whooping Crane With Emphasis On Reintroduction Efforts: Past And Future, David H. Ellis, James C. Lewis, George F. Gee, Dwight G. Smith

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) began building a captive whooping crane (Grus americana) colony at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (patuxent), Maryland, in 1966. From 1976 to 1984, 73 eggs from this colony and 216 eggs from Wood Buffalo National Park (Wood Buffalo), Canada, nests were placed in sandhill crane (G. canadensis) nests at Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge (Grays Lake), Idaho, the site of the first whooping crane reintroduction attempt. Although 84 chicks fledged from the 289 eggs, the egg transfer program has been discontinued because of inordinately high mortality (only ca. 13 birds remain …

Satellite Telemetry Reveals Winter Home Of Eurasian Crane From Northwestern Siberia, David H. Ellis, Yuri M. Markin, Charles H. Vermillion, Charles M. Hoisington, Alexander G. Sorokin, Grey W. Pendleton

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Satellite telemetry is a developing technology for the study of crane migration. A greater sandhill crane (Grus canadensis tabida) was tracked by satellite from Florida to Michigan in March 1989 (Nagendran 1992). This note reports the second attempt to use satellite telemetry to follow crane migration. In 1989 -90, tests of various harness and backpack designs for satellite telemetry transmitters (PTT's) with free-flying and confined sandhill cranes led to a 4-strap design (see Olsen et al. 1992) that was accepted for field testing. Through a cooperative effort between the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (USFWS) , International Crane Foundation, …

Techniques For Rearing And Releasing Nonmigratory Cranes: Lessons From The Mississippi Sandhill Crane Program, David H. Ellis, Glenn H. Olsen, George F. Gee, Jane M. Nicolich, Kathleen E. O'Malley, Meenakshi Nagendran, Scott G. Hereford, Peter Range, W. Thomas Harper, Richard P. Ingram, Dwight G. Smith

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Captive-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pulla) reared at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (patuxent) have been released at the Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge (MSCNWR) since 1981. Of 131 birds released through December 1990, 103 were reared by foster parents. The remaining 28 were experimentally hand-reared in 1989 and 1990. After refining release procedures, parent-reared birds have integrated into the wild flock, many have survived, and some have bred. Releases of hand-reared cranes elsewhere in the 1970's were largely unsuccessful. at least in part due to the lack of a lengthy acclimation period. A new hand-rearing …

Characteristics Of Whooping Crane Roost Sites In The Platte River, Craig A. Faanes, Douglas H. Johnson, Gary R. Lingle

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The Big Bend of the Platte River in centraJ Nebraska provides important migration habitat for whooping cranes (Grus americana). River profiles were obtained at 23 confumed nocturnal roost sites occupied by whooping cranes during 1983 -90. Whooping cranes selected roost sites that had shallower water depths than at unused sites. All but 4 roosts were located in channels wider than 150 m; roost sites were an average of 27.8 % of the channel width from the nearer shore. Nearly 90% of the roost sites had a trench of deeper water on both sides. Proper management of the Platte …

Whooping Cranes In Southwest Louisiana: History And Human Attitudes, Gay M. Gomez

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

When whooping cranes (Grus americana) inhabited southwest Louisiana's coastal marshes, residents viewed them as a food source and a crop pest, and shooting was commonplace. Local attitudes have changed as a result of education, stricter law enforcement, and decreased dependence on wildlife for subsistence, but hunting remains widespread. A 1977 proposal to reintroduce whooping cranes to southwest Louisiana generated strong opposition from the Louisiana Wild Life and Fisheries Commission (now Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries), based on concerns about critical habitat and its likely impact on waterfowl hunting and other traditional marsh uses. These concerns remain, though …

The Plight Of Cranes: A Case Study For Conserving Biodiversity, J. Christopher Haney, Mark E. Eiswerth

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Cranes provide an exemplary case for evaluating conservation policy because (1) they are a charismatic group with high public visibility, (2) as migratory vertebrates they provide an umbrella for the protection of aquatic habitats and a wider set of species, (3) they are a widely-distributed avian family, consequently protection efforts have favored international cooperation, (4) genetic and taxonomic relationships have been studied, and (5) populations of at least 7 crane species are threatened, endangered, or otherwise considered at direct risk. We use comparisons among the world's cranes to show how biogeographic, taxonomic, and genetic data bases can be linked for …

Managing Nature Reserves For Cranes In China, James Harris

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

During the past 15 years, China has established more than 300 nature reserves. Many of the wetland reserves have been created primarily to protect endangered cranes. This paper summarizes the status of 22 nature reserves, 13 for breeding cranes and 9 for wintering cranes. The nature reserves have often been established in areas heavily populated or intensively used for economic purposes. Many reserves have been effective in stopping hunting of cranes. Taking of eggs or young has also been greatly reduced, but general human disturbances threaten successful nesting. Reserve authorities have also taken steps to prevent destruction or degradation of …

Whooping Crane Response To Disturbances At The Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Thomas E. Lewis, R. Douglas Slack

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Many forms of disturbance on and near the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge cause disruptions to wintering whooping cranes (Grus americana). Known forms of disturbance include various boating, aircraft, and automobile traffic. Natural disturbance from other wildlife also occurs. Behavioral observations and disturbance documentation have shown that Whooping cranes respond differently to various disturbances. Although airplane overflights, recreational boating, barge traffic. and workboat activity represent the most frequent disturbances to whooping cranes (22, 19, 14, and 13 %, respectively, of total disturbances), it appears that frequency of occurrence is less important than the disturbance class and distance from the …

History And Economic Impact Of Crane-Watching In Central Nebraska, Gary R. Lingle

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The first documentation of the Platte and North Platte rivers' importance to sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) dates from the late 1800's. Except for a few ornithologists, it was not until the mid-1970's that crane-watching became popular. During the last 10 years, this interest has become a multi-million dollar tourist industry that attracts people from around the globe who seek to witness this vernal spectacle of half a million cranes. More than half of the former riverine habitat has been abandoned by the cranes, largely because of irrigation and hydropower projects that drain the river and enable forests to …

Sandhill Cranes In The Mid·Pecos Valley Of Eastern New Mexico, 1989–91, James B. Montgomery

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Weekly roost counts and observations of flock movements and field use were conducted during winters of 1989 -90 and 1990-91 to determine the status of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) in the RoswelllBitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge region of the Pecos River Valley of eastern New Mexico. Cranes roost on shallow lakes along the Pecos River, both on and off the refuge, and rely on approximately 36,000 ha of mostly irrigated farmland for foraging. During the past decade, alfalfa production has increased to 20,000 ha and corn production has decreased to 2,000 ha, of which 98 % is cut …

Behavior Of Sandhill Cranes Near Power Lines Marked With Yellow Aviation Balls, Anne E. Morkill, Stanley H. Anderson

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The principal known cause of mortality for wild whooping cranes (Grus americana) is collision with powerlines. Methods to minimize powerline collisions will contribute to the species' long term recovery. We studied the flight behavior of sandhill cranes (G. canadensis) near powerlines marked with yellow aviation balls near the Platte River, Nebraska, in 1988-90. An age ratio of 24 juveniles:76 adults of 84 carcasses found under powerlines was significantly different from typical population ratios of 12: 88 for this species. Two-way contingency table analysis of crane flight behavior data indicated that cranes avoided markers (P < 0.(01), reducing the potential for collision. Proximity ofpowerlines to habitats used by cranes (P < 0.001), wind speed (P < 0.05), and age of bird (P < 0.(01) were important factors contributing to crane collisions with powerlines in Nebraska. Details are available in Wildl. Soc. Bull. 19(4):442-449.

Gender Prediction From Body Measurements Of Two Subspecies Of Sandhill Cranes, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Clinton T. Moore, Kathleen S. Williams

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Linear discriminant functions estimated from leg length, bill length and body weight measurements of known subspecies and known gender (KS-KG) Florida (FSH) and greater sandhill cranes (GSH) (Grus canadensis pratensis and G. c. tabida, respectively) were used to predict gender of known subspecies and unknown gender (KS-UG) individuals. Mean body measurements were larger among males than among females of either subspecies, but the difference in mean bill length between genders was larger among GSH than among FSH cranes. Gender misclassification was less frequent among GSH than among FSH cranes. Of birds whose measurements fell outside of the 80% …