Digital Commons Network^™

Results Of Eight Years Of Predator Control To Enhance Sandhill Crane Production On Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon, Gary L. Ivey

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Because of a 21 % decline in breeding pairs of greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) on Malheur National Wildlife Refuge from 1971 to 1985, a predator control program was initiated in 1986 to enhance production. The primary cause for the decline was low recruitment of young due to high predation by ravens (Corvus corax). raccoons (Procyon lotor), and coyotes (Canis latrans), On average, predators destroyed 46% of all crane nests and 90% of the prefledged colts. Mink (Mustela vison) were added to the program in 1993 after a study …

Long Bone Fracture Management In A Sandhill Crane: A Case Report, Patrice N. Klein, Dorothy Thompson

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A 65-day-old, juvenile Mississippi sandhill crane (Grus canadensis pulla) sustained an oblique fracture of the right middiaphyseal femur. Internal fixation by use of an intramedullary pin and full cerclage wire was performed to stabilize the fracture site. Post-operative medical management of these fractures is often unsuccessful due to secondary complications associated with long-term restraint. This report describes the successful recovery of an endangered sandhill crane with a long bone fracture of the pelvic limb through a program of incremental physical therapy beginning 2 weeks post-femoral fracture repair. Sling support, assisted walking, and hydrotherapy were methods effective in preventing …

Resolutions Passed By The North American Crane Working Group

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

RECOGNITION OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF TOM TACHA TO CRANE RESEARCH

Participants of the Seventh North American Crane Workshop wish to recognize Tom Tacha's many contributions to the understanding of Mid-continent sandhill crane behavior, ecology, and taxonomy. Tom published 30 papers on cranes between 1979 and 1995 and was chief editor of Migratory Shore and Upland Game Bird Management in North America, published shortly before his death. Tom's Ph.D. work and other morphological and behavioral studies strongly influenced our notions of the boundaries among, and validity of. the 3 migratory sandhill crane subspecies. He set new standards for quantitative analysis of …

Attributes Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dog Colonies In Northcentral Montana, Richard Reading, Randy Matchett

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

We examined several characteristics of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in Phillips County, Montana, including slope, aspect, soils, land tenure, and distance from roads using a geographic information system (GIs). Colonies exhibited significantly smaller slopes, but not significantly different aspects than did randomly located polygons. In addition, colonies were more prevalent than expected on well drained clay-loam and loam soils and on U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land than on other soil types or on private land. Although prairie dogs commonly use roads for dispersal, distance to nearest road was not related to prairie dog density …

Native Habitats Of The Twin Cities Area, Craig A. Faanes

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

European settlers and their descendants have left an indelible mark on the landscape of most of the Nation, especially near major population centers. Responding to the dramatic changes in landscape, conservation biologists find themselves scurrying to save a bit of the once bountiful diversity. But before steps can be taken to protect remaining resources, a thorough inventory of the land and its resources is required.

Segregated Early Weaning Of Pigs: Dietary Challenges And Opportunities, Stacy Norin, Duane Reese, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

Segregated early weaning (SEW) technology is being adopted by many producers in the pork industry. With the implementation of this technology come many challenges and opportunities to exploit the lean-growth potential and health status of the SEW pig. This review provides insight into some of the reasons for these challenges and discusses some possible ways of utilizing the unique characteristics of the SEW pig to reduce production costs.

Purple Sulfur Bacteria In Anaerobic Treatment Lagoons, Richard K. Koelsch, Tong Tong Chen, Dennis D. Schulte

Nebraska Swine Reports

Purple or pink colored lagoons, indicating the presence of purple sulfur bacteria, are less likely to be considered an odor nuisance than a more typical non-purple lagoon. The design and management factors that encourage the growth of purple sulfur bacteria are poorly understood. A study of eight purple and non-purple lagoons was initiated during the spring and summer of 1996. The intent of this effort was to identify critical factors that would allow purple lagoons to become a more predictable odor control alternative. A preliminary comparison of design and management factors assumed to be critical suggests more similarities between these …

Dietary Fiber In Sow Gestation Diets — A Review, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

Gestation sows are well suited to utilize high-fiber, low-density diets. They utilize fiber better than growing pigs and during gestation have a high feed intake capacity relative to their energy requirement. When research results from several studies were pooled and weighted according to the number of litters produced, sows fed additional fiber during gestation farrowed and weaned more pigs/litter than sows fed control diets. Feeding fiber during gestation also improved lactation feed intake, but reduced sow weight gain during pregnancy and pig birth weight. Sows fed fibrous diets also exhibit less stereotypic behavior (i.e., bar-biting), which may be an indication …

Effects Of Two (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquito Control Agents On Growth And Reproduction Of Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius Phoeniceus), Joann M. Hanowski, Gerald J. Niemi, Ann R. Lima, Ronald R. Regal

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

We compared red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) reproductive success and nestling growth in 1988 in 10 wetland site treated with methoprene and 10 sites treated with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) to 30 sites that had never received any mosquito (Diptera: culicidae) control treatment. No differences were detected between reference and treatment sites for clutch size, egg volume, growth rates, or fledge weight. The probability that an egg survived to the nestling stage was greater in methoprene-treated than reference sites. No other differences were detected among sites for reproductive success estimated using the Mayfield method. We conclude that treatment of the wetlands …

A Quantitative Study Of Diet In Three Species Of Rodents In Natural And Irrigated Savanna Fields, Safianu Rabiu, Robert K. Rose

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

During July, 1990 - June, 1992 we collected stomach contents of necropsied rodents that totalled 494 Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmarest, 1822), 356 Mastomys natalensis (Smith, 1834) and 273 Tatera valida (Wroughton, 1906) from natural, savanna fields in Nigeria, and 528 Arvicanthis and 367 Mastomys from nearby irrigated fields, where Tatera was never trapped. The materials were processed and microscopically analyzed to determine patterns of diet selection. Sites were sampled for vegetative cover and rodent food resources. More than 90% of the stomach materials could be identified to one of four categories: dicots (vegetative), monocots (vegetative), seeds, and insects. Seeds constituted approximately …

Bat House Use In Central Florida, With Emphasis On Nycticeius Humeralis And Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala, Laura Seckbach Finn

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Bat houses and roost sites utilized by Tadarida brasiliensis and Nycticeius humeralis were studied in four central Florida counties. Temperatures were monitored in occupied roosts and in bat houses. It was determined that the presence of bats affects roost temperature. The mean temperature in the bat house that was preferred at the Seminole Community College (SCC) site was above ambient temperature a significantly greater amount of time than mean temperature in the other style houses located at that site. A colony of bats roosting in buildings on the property of SCC was successfully relocated into bat houses located .4 kilometers …

A Study Of Biochemical And Haematological Variables With Performance In Showjumping Horses, Darren B. Simmons

Theses : Honours

This honours project examined the biochemical and haematological changes induced by exercise in the showjumping horse to determine whether a relationship exists between these values and performance. To complete this study 7 geldings and 1 stallion who were considered competition fit by their trainers were subjected to 2 forms of exercise. The first phase of this study involved an incremental exercise test performed at the Byford City Council horse training facility. The horses were cantered/galloped around a 1300m all weather training track at velocities of 6, 8, 10, and 12 m/sec for a duration of 2 minutes for each workload. …

Effects Of Supplementing High Levels Of Cu, Co, Mn, And Zn After Calving On Productivity Of Two-Year-Old Cows, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink, Mike Carlson, Dave Hickok, Norman Shcneider, Gene H. Deutscher, Dave Colburn

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

When cow management, health and nutrition are adequate. supplementation of trace minerals at high levels is not beneficial and may in fact be detrimental to reproductive performance.

Mutants Of Prevotella RuminicolaDefective In Peptidase Activity: Impact On Ammonia Production, Humberto Madeira, Lasha Peng, Mark Morrison

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An enzyme from a predominant ruminal bacterium that degrades peptides has a significant impact on ammonia production, and its manipulation could increase efficiency of nitrogen retention in forage- fed animals.

Effects Of Copper And Selenium Injections On Cow Productivity And Concentration Of Copper In Liver Biopsy Samples, Jerre Johnson, David Hickok, Pete Olson, Dennis R. Brink

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

In the conditions of the study when additional copper and selenium were provided, cow reproduction and calf performance were not improved.

Distribution And Status Of The Ozark Shiner, Notropos Ozarcanus Meek, In Arkansas, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Ozark shiner, Notropis ozarcanus, an endemic species of the Ozark Highlands, was studied from 1994-1995 to determine its present distribution and conservation status in Arkansas. One-hundred and four collections of fishes were made from throughout the historic range of the Ozark shiner. A total of 91 Ozark shiners was collected during the two-year study. The present state distribution is described as well as the conservation status of the Ozark shiner in Arkansas. The largest populations seem to be present in the protected Buffalo River.

Summer Home Range Size Of The Eastern Cascade Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia Rufa Rainieri) In Relation To Availability Of Preferred Food, Robert Julian Stagg

All Master's Theses

Optimal foraging theories relate food preference to nutrient content and nutrient availability to home range size. After synthesizing these theories, I hypothesized that the availability of preferred food plants influences the home range size of generalist herbivores. I also hypothesized that the availability of preferred foods does not affect weight gain of time-minimizing generalist herbivores, but should affect the weight gain of energy-maximizing generalist herbivores. To test these hypotheses, I studied the home ranges, weights, weight gains, food habits, and habitats of six adult female mountain beavers (Aplodontia rufa) from six separate sites where bracken fern was either …

First Records For The Blackmask Racer (Coluber Constrictor Latrunculus) In Eastern Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The presence of the blackmask racer (Coluber constrictor latrunculus) in eastern Arkansas was first demonstrated by examination of a series of color slides of live specimens now preserved and deposited in the Arkansas State University Museum of herpetology. Adult color pattern is of paramount importance in the definition of subspecies of C. constrictor, and this is especially true for C. c. latrunculus. This subspecies is characterized by a conspicuous black stripe that extends from the postnasal, through the eye and onto the temporals or anterior dorsal scales. The dorsum is slate gray, and the venter is a pale grayish blue. …

Book Review Of Amer Ei-Ahraf & William V. Willis, Management Of Animal Waste - Environmental Health Problems And Technological Solutions, Penny Dean

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of Amer El-Ahraf & William V. Willis, Management of Animal Waste - Environmental Health Problems and Technological Solutions (Praeger Publishers 1996). About the authors, bibliography, index, introduction, tables. LC 95-654; ISBN 0-275-93529-9 [185 pp. Cloth $65.00. 88 Post Road West, Westport CT 06881.]

The Foraging Ecology And Habitat Selection Of The Yellow-Plumed Honeyeater (Lichenostomus Ornatus) At Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia, Kellie Wilson

Theses : Honours

The foraging ecology and habitat selection of the Yellow-plumed Honeyeater was examined using observations and vegetation surveys at Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia. Foraging ecology data was collected over three seasons (autumn, winter and spring) in 1997 at three sites within Dryandra. Habitat selection studies involved 156 sites being surveyed for the presence or absence of the Yellow-plumed Honeyeater. The vegetation characteristics of the site were measured. Yellow-plumed Honeyeaters foraged by gleaning foliage most of the time. Bark and aerial foraging were also common. Birds clearly selected for tree height, preferring to forage on larger (older) trees which may be because …

Predation By Gambusia Holbrooki (Girard) (Pisces Poeciliidae) On Tadpoles : Feeding Trials And Microhabitat Utilisation In Two Contrasting Wetlands On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Beate Sommer

Theses : Honours

Predation by non-native Gambusia spp. (somewhat inappropriately referred to as “Mosquitofish”) has been implicated in the decline of some frog populations overseas and in eastern Australia. Originally introduced to control mosquito larvae, Gambusia holbrooki are now widely distributed and abundant in wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain (Western Australia). Anecdotal evidence suggests that some frog populations on the Swan Coastal Plain may be declining. Through a series of laboratory feeding trials and a field survey conducted in a permanent and a seasonal wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain, this study investigated whether predation by G. holbrooki has the potential to …

Department Of Fisheries Annual Report 1996-1997, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

In accordance with Section 62 of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985, 1 submit for your information the Annual Report of the Fisheries Department for the financial year ending 30 June 1997.

The Annual Report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985 and Section 263 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994.

Description Of The Tadpole Of Atelopus Tricolor, E. O. Lavilla, Rafael O. De Sá, Ignacio De La Riva

Biology Faculty Publications

Tadpoles of Atelopus belong to the gastromyzophorous guild of exotrophic larvae (Altig and Johnston, 1989), and are characterized by the presence of a conspicuous abdominal sucker and an expanded oral disc. The larvae of several Atelopus species have been described previously: A. varius (Starrett, 1967); A. certus, A. ignescens, and A. spumarius (Duellman and Lynch, 1969); A. cruciger (Mebs, 1980); A. flavescens (Lescure, 1981); A. peruensis (Gray and Cannatella, 1985); and A. subornatus (Lynch, 1986). These represent about 15% of the known species in the genus (Frost, 1985; Duellman, 1993). Although Atelopus tricolor was originally described at the beginning of …

Some Aspects Of The Ecology Of An Urban Corvid : The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides) In Metropolitan Perth, P. J. Stewart

Theses : Honours

The relatively recent and noticeable increase in abundance and distribution of the Australian Raven (Corvus coronoides) in the Perth metropolitan area, has led to an increase in the amount of problems associated with the bird resulting in a need to quantify its ecology in an urban context. This research documented the abundance and distribution of the raven, possible reasons for its increase, the basic nesting characteristics, peoples attitudes, basic morphology, food items and problems associated with the bird in Perth and Kings Park. These aims were achieved by using observational field data, culled birds, a newspaper questionnaire and Geographic Information …

Genealogical Studies Of Selected Australian Barramundi (Lates Calcarifer) Using Mtdna : Implications For Stock Transfer To The Kimberley Region Of Western Australia, Robert G. Doupe

Theses : Honours

This study resulted from concerns for the present and proposed movement of barramundi (Lates catcarifer) across presumed population genetic boundaries into the Kimberley region of Western Australia for net-pen aquaculture and a recreational fishery development in dams no longer available to seasonal barramundi dispersal. Direct DNA sequencing of the non-recombining, maternally inherited mitochondrial genome of barramundi thought to represent wild populations from a broad section of a still wider Australian range were used for phylogenetic reconstructions that support hypotheses for historic gene flow between Kimberley and other populations during Recent sea level fluctuations. Nil or low levels of genetic diversity …

Description Of Tadpoles Of Three Species Of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae), Rafael O. De Sá, Rocjard Wassersig, Arturo I. Kehr

Biology Faculty Publications

Larval morphological characteristics have been used to cluster species of Scinax in seven species groups and to support the monophyly of some of these groups. However, our present knowledge of Scinax tadpoles is incomplete; currently, tadpoles of only 21 of the approximately 80 recognized species have been described. Herein, we describe and illustrate the external morphology and oral disc characteristics of larval Scinax berthae, S. nebulosa, and S. boesemani. The presence of a "labial arm" supporting the P3 tooth row in S. boesemani, and its absence from S. nebulosa, is discussed in the light of our limited knowledge of tadpoles …

The Effects Of Habitat Fragmentation And Factors Influencing Nest Box Use On The Southern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys Volans) In Southern Illinois, Catherine J. Woodworth

Masters Theses

I studied the effects of habitat :fragmentation on the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans) in 30 forest fragments in southern Illinois. The fragments ranged in size from 6 ha to 5264 ha, and had varying degrees of isolation. I placed 10 nest boxes in each habitat fragment and checked them monthly. I captured southern flying squirrels in 24 of the 30 fragments, and found evidence of squirrels (i.e., nests and feeding stations) in 4 additional fragments. Thus, only 2 fragments did not show any evidence of squirrel use suggesting that the southern flying squirrel may not be particularly …

Transfer Of Immunity Against Hymenolepis Diminuta Parasites In Mice, Jerome F. Atta-Fynn

Masters Theses

The potential transfer of resistance against the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, from adult BALB/c mice to their young, was tested by comparing the worm burdens of 24 experimentally infected pups from previously infected females to 14 experimentally infected pups from uninfected females. The mean number of worms recovered, mean weight of recovered worms and frequency of mice pups with eggs of the parasite in their feces were significantly lower in infected pups from infected mothers than in infected pups from uninfected mothers. The lower worm burden observed in the infected pups from infected mothers suggested that the resistance to …

The International Symposium On Galliformes 1997 (September 8-14, 1997 : Melaka, Malaysia), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

Conservation and Birds in Malaysia I

Conservation of wildlife strategy and plan with special reference to pheasants, Musa Nordin

The protected area as in-sit conservation sites for pheasants in peninsular Malaysia, Sivanathan Elagupillay

The protected area network of Sarawak, Sauan Ahmad and Melvin Gumal

Management of Protected areas in Sabah with emphasis on pheasant conservation, Augustine Tuuge

Conservation and Birds in Malaysia II

The International Symposium On Galliformes 1997 (September 8-14, 1997 : Melaka, Malaysia), Department Of Wildlife And National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Partridge, Quail, And Francolin Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

Conservation and Birds in Malaysia I, Chair: Khan Momim Khan

Conservation of wildlife: Strategy and plan with special reference to pheasants, Musa Nordin

The protected area as in-situ conservation sites for pheasants in Peninsular Malaysia, Sivananthan Elagupillay

The protected area network of Sarawak, Sapuan Ahmad and Melvin Gumal

Management of protected areas in Sabah with emphasis on pheasant conservation, Augustine Tuuge

Conservation and Birds in Malaysia II, Chair: Khan Momin Khan

The status and current distribution of the crested argus (Rheinardia ocellata nigrescens) in Peninsular Malaysia, Nawayai Yasak and Ismail Mamat

Breeding ecology of red junglefowl, Arshad M. …