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Effects Of An Early Spring Burn On Greater Sandhill Crane Nesting Success At Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon, Carroll D. Littlefield, John E. Cornely, Bradley D. Ehlers

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

A 2430 ha prescribed burn was conducted on Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon in March 1985. About 35 days later, 11 greater sandhill crane (Grus canadensis tabida) pairs nested within the burned area; 9 of these hatched. The remaining 2 clutches were destroyed by coyotes (Canis latrans). Crane hatching success was significantly higher (P = 0.01) on the burned area (81.8%) than elsewhere (38.5%). Two factors were likely responsible for the higher success rate in the burn; nests were placed in deeper water and the smaI1 mammal prey base was temporarily reduced or eliminated …

Evaluation Of The Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) In Cranes: Applications To Conservation Efforts, Susan I. Jarvi, Marcia M. Miller, Ronald M. Gotol, George F. Gee, W. Elwood Briles

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

Although there have been heated discussions concerning the relative importance of using Mhc diversity as a basis for selecting breeders in conservation projects, most parties agree that the genetic variability residual in an endangered species should be maintained through genetic management, if at all possible. Substantial evidence exists (particularly in birds) documenting the influences of specific Mhc haplotypes on disease outcome and also that those individuals which are heterozygous for Mhc alleles appear to have an advantage for survival over those that are homozygous. Thus, conservation of genetic variability of the Mhc is likely important for the preservation of fitness, …

Distribution, Abundance, And Reproduction Of The Cuban Sandhill Crane (Grus Canadensis Nesiotes), Xiomara Galvez Aguilera, Vicente Berovides Alvarez, Jose Rivera Rosales

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

We discuss the distribution, abundance, and reproduction of the Cuban sandhill crane (Grus canadensis nesiotes). This is an overview of a 5-year study conducted by the National Organization for the Protection of Flora and Fauna of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Republic of Cuba and assisted by the International Crane Foundation and Brehm Fund. The distribution of this subspecies was determined by visiting potential sites and areas where this race has previously been reported. Nine new populations were found. This brings the total to 11 on the Isle of Cuba, 1 on Cayo Romano, and 2 on …

Interactions Of Sandhill Cranes And Whooping Cranes With Foreign Objects In Florida, Martin J. Folk, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Marilyn G. Spalding

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

During studies of Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pralensis), greater sandhill cranes (G. c. tabida), and whooping cranes (G. americana) in Florida, we documented cases where these birds were in contact with human-produced objects that resulted in injury or death. We describe >40 instances in which cranes collided with powerlines or fences, became entangled in string or fishing line, or ingested foreign objects. The effect of human-produced objects on crane populations, particularly small populations, may be significant.

Review Of The Historical And Present Status Of The Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus Pallidicinctus) In Texas, Robert M. Sullivan, John P. Hughes, James E. Lionberger

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Historically, the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) occurred in sandy rangeland throughout the northeastern and southwestern (Permian Basin) regions of the Texas Panhandle. Analyses of the historical distribution showed a large reduction in the range of the species in Texas between 1963 and 1980 (78% or 1,070,426 ha), particularly in the southwestern and east-central panhandle, whereas populations in the northeastern Panhandle remained relatively stable. In the northeastern Panhandle, average number of males per lek increased since 1942. In the southwestern Panhandle, average numbers of males per lek decreased dramatically from 1969 to 1981 and from 1985 to 2000, but …

Creston National Fish Hatchery, Montana Restoring America’S Fisheries

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The National Fish Hatchery System (NFHS) is comprised of 70 Fish Hatcheries, 7 Fish Technology Centers, and 9 Fish Health Centers nation wide.  The NFHS operated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has a unique responsibility in helping restore native aquatic populations, mitigate for fisheries lost as a result of federal water projects, provide fish to benefit Tribes and the National Wildlife Refuges, and to recover species listed under the Endangered Species Act.  The NFHS works closely with other programs in the Service and with the States, Tribes, and the private sector to complement habitat restoration and other resource …

Factors Affecting Small Intestine Development In Weanling Pigs, Steven J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

The pig faces significant biological and environmental challenges after weaning. A great deal of information is available on behavior, environment, health, and nutrition of the newly weaned pig; however, newly weaned pigs still suffer a growth lag. The pig’s small intestinal structure and function is altered during the days that follow weaning. As a consequence, the digestive and absorptive capacity of weanling pigs is decreased during this period and this may be partially responsible for the post weaning growth lag. Additionally, health benefits may be associated with an improved small intestinal structure and function. The goal of this article is …

Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid (Cla) And Body Fat Changes, Jess L. Miner, Chris Cederberg, Xiaoli Chen, Clifton Baile, Merlyn K. Nielsen

Nebraska Swine Reports

Feeding mixed isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bonds (CLA) reduces body fat in several species, including pigs. To learn about the mechanism involved, we fed CLA to sexually mature mice at 0, 1 and 2% of the diet for 5, 12 and 14 days. Dietary CLA reduced body fat by nearly 50% but did not reduce body weight. Mice fed CLA also experienced programmed death (apoptosis) of fat cells. This implicates a new mechanism (fat cell death) by which CLA reduces body fat without reducing lean. The effectiveness of feeding CLA for as few as five days may …

What We Know About Minnesota's First Endangered Fish Species: The Topeka Shiner, Jay T. Hatch

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The Topeka shiner, Notropis topeka, is the first of Minnesota's native ichthyofauna to be classified as federally endangered. The species is in serious decline in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Iowa but is far more common in Minnesota than once was thought. At present, it is known from 89 sites in 17 streams of the Missouri River Drainage. Topeka shiners are multiple-clutch spawning nest associates of sunfishes and reproduce over an eight- to ten-week period between late May and early August. Mean clutch size is 261 to 284. Longevity is three years. Males grow faster than females, reaching longer mean total …

Twenty-Five Years Of Population Fluctuations Of Microtus Ochrogaster And M-Pennsylvanicus In Three Habitats In East-Central Illinois, Lowell L. Getz, Joyce E. Hofmann, Betty Mcguire, Thomas W. Dolan Iii

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Populations of 2 species of arvicoline rodents, the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) and meadow vole (M. pennsylvanicus), were monitored monthly in alfalfa, bluegrass, and tallgrass prairie habitats in east-central Illinois from 1972 through 1997. Alfalfa provides very highquality preferred food and poor vegetative cover for both vole species, whereas bluegrass provides intermediate food and vegetative cover. Preferred food resources were very low, especially for M. ochrogaster, and vegetative cover was very dense in tallgrass prairie. Maximum and mean population densities of M. ochrogaster were highest in alfalfa, intermediate in bluegrass, and lowest in tallgrass prairie. …

The Effect Of The Moon Phase On The Daily Catch Rate Of King, Tiger And Endeavour Prawns In The Shark Bay And Exmouth Gulf Fisheries, Tenniel Harman

Theses : Honours

Two of the major commercial prawn fisheries in Western Australia arc located in Exmouth Gulf and Shark Bay. Prawn fishing is the third most valuable fishing industry in WA, producing an annual income of $62 million. These two fishing regions are considered fully exploited (Fisheries WA Home Page) and careful management is needed to produce and maintain them as sustainable fisheries. The Western Australian Marine Research Laboratories have developed detailed computer models which estimate the stock abundance of the prawn fisheries. This provides information on what sort of restrictions should be made to maintain a stainable fishery. The impact of …

Early History Of The Wolf, Black Bear, And Mountain Lion In Arkansas, Annalea K. Bowers, Leah D. Lucio, David W. Clark, Susan P. Rakow, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During the nineteenth century settlement of Arkansas, the red wolf (Canis rufos), black bear (Ursus americanus), and mourtain lion (Puma concolor) were not only the three largest and most dangerous predators, they also stirred the imaginations of explorers and settlers. References to these species appeared prominently in the journals of early explorers such as George W. Featherstonhaugh (1844) and Frederick Gerstaecker (1854), and their presence inspired voluminous collections of stories and tall tales. Black bears were so common that a large trade developed in pelts, oil, and other body parts, and Arkansas became commonly known as "The Bear State." Wolves …

Perceived Damage By Elk In The Arkansas Ozarks, Jennifer H. Herner-Thogmartin, Kimberly G. Smith, Michael E. Cartwright

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Wildlife managers in Arkansas are faced with managing a growing population of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus neloni) that has extended its range to incorporate private lands near the Buffalo National River (BNR) in northcentral Arkansas. This range expansion has created conflicts between private landowners and wildlife management personnel. To document the extent of damage and assess attitudes of landowners with elk on their land, interviews were conducted with landowners who contacted us or the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission about problems with elk. A survey also was created and sent to landowners who live near the BNR in Boone …

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …

Breeding Season Distribution Of Cerulean Warblers In Arkansas In The 1990s, Douglas A. James, Christopher J. Kellner, Jan Self, Jerry Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) has been declining in numbers in its North American nesting range, and the same is true in Arkansas. To provide specific sites that can be monitored in the future, this study describes places where the bird was documented in the state in the 1990s. The warbler was found in mature deciduous forest in both upland and bottomland situations but was most abundant in the upland Ozark forests and uncommon in other regions of the state. Most (70%) of the occupied sites were on federal and state lands. Pattern of overall distribution was essentially the same …

Identification Of Florida Largemouth Bass Alleles In Arkansas Public And Private Aquaculture Ponds, Ronald L. Johnson, Randall Staley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Florida subspecies of the largemouth bass (LMB) has often been introduced into waters outside of its range, with escape of individuals into associated waterways common. Sustaining pure lines within controlled hatchery settings is also difficult. The present study investigated LMB populations by way of allozyme analysis of three diagnostic loci of 115 LMB in three public and seven private aquaculture ponds within Arkansas. The goal was to determine the success of hatcheries in maintaining pure subspecies. None of the pond populations studied were fixed for all alleles. Private ponds had northern LMB allele frequencies of up to 0.40 in …

Distribution Of Leconte's Free-Tailed Bat (Tadarida Brasiliensis Cynocephala) In Arkansas, With Notes On Reproduction And Natural History, David A. Saugey, D. Blake Sasse, J. D. Wilhide, Drew Reed, Tammy R. Jones, Darrell R. Heath, Daniel R. England

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

During the past 20 years (1982-2001) we have studied the biology, occurrence and distribution of LeConte's (Brazilian) free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala, in Arkansas. Colonies and individuals were reported from man made structures only. Four new county records have been documented since 1988, extending the range from the central part of the state to Arkansas's northern-most tier of counties. Numerous nuisance maternity colonies were investigated during exclusion activities and one, year-round colony provided the majority of reproductive data. A total of 152 free-tailed bats was submitted to the Arkansas Department of Health Rabies Laboratory (1982-2001); most during February through April, …

Results Of A Bat Survey In The Western Ozark National Forest, Michelle L. Caviness, Douglas A. James

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

New Records Of The Woodchuck (Marmota Monax) From Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison, Anna Smith, Randy Frazier

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Reproductive Biology And Temporal Distribution Of A Great Egret And Nankeen Night Heron Colony At The Perth Zoo, Robyn Phillimore

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A colony of Great Egrets (Ardea alba) and Nankeen Night Herons (Nycticorax caledonicus) has existed at the Perth Zoo in Metropolitan Perth for over 25 years. The colony is particularly significant for the conservation and management of Great Egrets in Western Australia as it is the only colony located in the Metropolitan area. Baseline information of their breeding biology was needed to facilitate the development of management guidelines for the zoo colony. Foraging behaviour was used to highlight specific adaptations in hunting strategies and diet. However, it was not possible to observe foraging Nankeen Night Herons as they forage at …

In Vitro Capacitation And Fertilization Of Bull Spermatozoa, Necmetti̇n Teki̇n, Ali̇ Daşkin, Ergun Akçay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the fertilizing ability of in vitro capacitated bull spermatozoa in two different capacitation media (Hypotaurine and Follicular Fluid) was investigated. Ovaries were obtained from slaughterhouse and were transported to the laboratory in saline (0.9% NaCl) at 30-35ºC. Cumulus oocyte complexes were collected from antral follicles of 2 to 8 mm in diameter. After collected oocytes were classified, they were transferred to maturation medium. Oocytes were cultured for 24 hours in a 100 ml drops of maturation media overlaid with mineral oil under 5% CO_2, 95% humidity in air at 38.5ºC. At the end of this incubation, oocytes …

The Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Fauna Of The Marmara Region, Özlem Çeti̇n, Ahmet Beyarslan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was carried out to determine the species of the subfamily Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Marmara region of Turkey. Samples were collected from 47 localities between 1985 and 1997. A total of 16 species were determined. The results revealed that Agathis fulmeki Fischer and Bassus linguarius (Nees von Esenbeck) are new records for the Turkish fauna. Agathis malvacearum Latreille, A. lugubris (Foerster, 1862) and Baeognatha armeniaca Telenga are new records for the Marmara region. A. syngenesiae Nees von Esenbeck, A. umbellatarum Nees von Esenbeck, A. nigra Nees von Esenbeck, A. breviseta Nees von Esenbeck, A. assimilis Kokujev, A. …

Department Of Fisheries Annual Report To Parliament 2000 - 2001, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

In accordance with Section 62 of the Financial Administration and audit Act 1985 and Section 263 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994, I submit for your information the Annual report to Parliament of Fisheries WA for the financial year ending 30 June 2001.

The annual report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Administration and audit Act 1985 and Section 263 of the Fish Resources Management Act 1994.

2000/2001 was a year for Fisheries WA marked by the challenges of managing change. The year saw a change of government and, as with all new governments, …

New Host And Geographic Records For Two Protostrongylids In Dall's Sheep, Susan J. Kutz, A. M. Veitch, Eric P. Hoberg, B. T. Elkin, Emily J. Jenkins, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Biodiversity survey and inventory have resulted in new information on the distribution of Protostrongylidae in Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories, Canada) and from Alaska (Alaska, USA). In 1998, Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei adults were found for the first time in the skeletal muscles of Dall’s sheep in the Mackenzie Mountains (Northwest Territories). Adult P. odocoilei were associated with petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and localized myositis; eggs and larvae in the lungs were associated with diffuse granulomatous pneumonia. Experimental infections of the slugs Deroceras laeve and Deroceras reticulatum with dorsal-spined first-stage larvae assumed to be …

Invertebrate Egg And Plant Seed Banks In Natural, Restored, And Drained Wetlands In The Prairie Pothole Region (Usa) And Potential Effects Of Sedimentation On Recolonization Of Hydrophytes And Aquatic Invertebrates, Robert Andrew Gleason

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sediment is the major pollutant of wetlands, lakes, rivers, and estuaries in the United States and it poses unique threats to wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR). Sediment may impact the success of wetland restorations because burial of invertebrate and plant propagules may impact hatching and germination success, and hence, may hamper successional changes throughout interannual climate cycles. Sedimentation also reduces the pool depth and volume, further exacerbating the recovery of hydrophyte communities in restored wetlands. I evaluated the potential impacts of sedimentation on prairie wetlands from several perspectives. First, I evaluated the effects of sedimentation on loss of …

Recolonization Of The Flicker And Other Notes From Isla Guadalupe, Mexico, Paul R. Sweet, George F. Barrrowclough, John Klicka, Liliana Montanez-Godoy, Patricia Escalante

Ornithology Program (HRC)

During a visit to Isla Guadalupe from 31 May to 3 June 1996, we documented three species new to the island, the Barn Owl, Swainson's Thrush, and Hooded Oriole, and established first breeding records for the European Starling and Western Meadowlark. Red-shafted Flickers are now breeding on the island, representing a recent recolonization from the mainland following the extinction of the endemic population. We investigated the validity of Colaptes auratus rufipileus and concluded that it doesn’t meet the standard for phylogenetic species but differs from C. a. collaris at the 75% level usually associated with subspecific rank. Damage to the …

A Study On The Feeding Biology Of Laudakia (=Agama) Stellio (L. 1758) (Lacertilia: Agamidae) Populations In The Antalya Region, Serdar Düşen, Mehmet Öz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The feeding biology of Laudakia (=Agama) stellio (L. 1758) was studied using 91 specimens collected from the Antalya region over two consecutive years (1995 and 1996). A total of 1224 prey items were identifed and their frequency of occurrence and percent of diet were tabulated. The majority of the diet consisted of the class Insecta (99.18%), and within this class, Hymenoptera (72.21%) was the major order represented, primarily by the families Formicidae (49.83%) and Apidae (16.74%). In addition to insects, L. stellio feeds on plant material, insect larvae and eggs, and even snails, showing opportunist feeding behavior.

The Effects Of Cold Storage On The Adult Longevity, Fecundity And Sex Ratio Of Apanteles Galleriae Wilkinson (Hym.: Braconidae), Fevzi̇ Uçkan, Adem Gülel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effect of cold storage on the adult longevity, fecundity and sex ratio of Apanteles galleriae Wilkinson, a koinobiont, solitary and early instar larval endoparasitoid of the Small Wax Moth Achoria grisella Fabr. was investigated. The rearing of both parasitoid and host cultures and experiments related to the effect of storing Apanteles galleriae adults at low temperature (+ 6°C) were conducted at 25 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH under a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D). Cold storage (+ 6°C) considerably influenced the adult longevity, fecundity and sex ratio of the parasitoid. Experimental evidence showed that 85.27% of adults died after …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 2000/2001, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

President's message, Keith C. R. Howman

Chairman of Trustees' report, Richard P. Howard

Treasurer's annual report and accounts, Ian F. Hoggarth

Conservation Committee report, Philip J. K. McGowan

Strategic Development Committee report

Chapters and Affiliate reports

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René W. R. J. Dekker and Darryl N. Jones

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks

The new Conservation Breeding and Aviculture Group for WPA in the United Kingdom, Garry Robbins, Mike Cook, and Keith Chalmers-Watson

Frontal …

Investigation Of Some Biological Characters Of The Vimba (Vimba Vimba Tenella (Nordmann,1840))Population In Karacaören I Dam Lake, Z. Arzu Becer, Ramazan İki̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study,808 vimba (Vimba vimba tenella(Nordmann,1840))individuals captured during October 1996-April 1998 from Karacaören I Dam Lake and some properties of reproduction were investigated. In the vimba population,age composition varied from 0-VII and 73.51% of the investigated samples belonged to I-II age group. The population was composed of 50.74% females and 49.26% males. It was determined that the reproductive activity of the vimba in the Karacaören I Dam Lake started in the middle of April and continued until the end of June. Sexual maturity ages were found to be II-III for females and II for males. Average egg numbers belonging …