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Bufadienolides In The Chemical Defenses Of The Toads, Bufo Americanus And Bufo Fowleri, Catherine E. Merovich

Dissertations

I investigated the steroidal chemical defenses (bufadienolides) of Bufo americanus and Bufo fowleri. By the nature of their complex, biphasic life cycles, toads, like other amphibians are important components of aquatic and terrestrial habitats and are prey to numerous invertebrates and vertebrates. Bufadienolides are presumed to be important anti-predatory compounds although much of their chemical ecology is poorly understood. I investigated (1) ontogenetic variation in bufadienolides, (2) bufadienolides from adult parotoid secretion, (3) effectiveness of bufadienolides against a terrestrial predator, and (4) effectiveness of bufadienolides against an aquatic predator. I hypothesized that B. americanuswould have a more extensive …

Insertional Polymorphisms Of Endogenous Feline Leukemia Viruses, Alfred L. Roca, William G. Nash, Joan C. Menninger, William J. Murphy, Stephen J. O'Brien

Biology Faculty Articles

The number, chromosomal distribution, and insertional polymorphisms of endogenous feline leukemia viruses (enFeLVs) were determined in four domestic cats (Burmese, Egyptian Mau, Persian, and nonbreed) using fluorescent in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping. Twenty-nine distinct enFeLV loci were detected across 12 of the 18 autosomes. Each cat carried enFeLV at only 9 to 16 of the loci, and many loci were heterozygous for presence of the provirus. Thus, an average of 19 autosomal copies of enFeLV were present per cat diploid genome. Only five of the autosomal enFeLV sites were present in all four cats, and at only one …

Fisheries Research Contract Report No. 12 - Mitigation Of The Negative Impacts On Biodiversity And Fisheries Values Of The Refurbishment Of Waroona Dam, South-Western Australia (Final Report For The Water Corporation Of Western Australia), Brett Molony, Stephen Beatty, Chris Bird, Vinh Nguyen

Fisheries Research Contract Reports

In addition to the supply of water for agriculture, irrigation dams of south-western Australia are important systems for recreational activities, including fishing (Molony & Bird 2002, Molony et al. 2002a). Lake Navarino (the reservoir created by Waroona Dam, figures 1 and 2, approx. 115° 55 E 32° 51 S) is the first major public access reservoir south of the Perth Metropolitan Area and is an important component of the Recreational Marron (Cherax tenuimanus') Fishery (RMF) (Molony 2001a, 2002a, 2003a, Molony & Bird 2002, Beatty et al. 2003a). Further, it is the most northerly irrigation dam that is regularly stocked with …

Fisheries Occasional Paper No. 16 - Report For The Sea Lion Scientific Reference Group, Richard Campbell Dr

Fisheries Occasional Publications

This interim report has been prepared for the Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee and the SLSRG. The research reported has been undertaken to address issues of sea lion-rock lobster fishing interaction as identified in the Ecologically Risk Assessment (ERA) process for the western rock lobster fishery (WRLF). This assessment process was undertake as part of the accreditation of the WRLF by the Marine Stewardship Council and to satisfy the Commonwealth Government regulations for sustainable development of fisheries under the EPBC Act (1999) (DoFWA in press). The relevant points of this document are based on the resolutions agreed upon by the …

Offshore Research From A Musical Perspective, C. Forbes Horton

Inquiry Journal 2005

No abstract provided.

Ecological Studies Of Wolves On Isle Royale, 2004-2005, Rolf O. Peterson, John A. Vucetich

Ecological Studies of Wolves on Isle Royale

Annual Report 2004-2005

2005 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Investigations Of Migratory Bull Trout (Salvelinus Confluentus) In Relation To Fish Passage At Albeni Falls Dam, Allan T. Scholz, Holly J. Mclellan, David R. Geist, Richard S. Brown, United States Department Of The Army Corps Of Engineers, Seattle District, Eastern Washington University

Biology Faculty Publications

Final report prepared for the United States Department of the Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District. Contract No. DACW68-02-D-001

A Sustainable Future For Recreational Fishing In The Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Proposal For Discussion., Department Of Fisheries.

Fisheries Management Papers

Fishing activity on the Cocos is essentially unmanaged at present and there has been some condern by the local community that a number of species, such as coral trout, have declined in numbers over the last decade. This draft strategy was developed by the Western Australian Department of Fisheries who now has responsibility for managing recreational fishing on behalf of the Commonwealth Department of Transport and Regional Services.

Fisheries Research Report No. 148 - Historical Distribution And Abundance Of The Australian Sea Lion (Neophoca Cinerea) On The West Coast Of Western Australia, Richard Campbell

Fisheries Research Reports

Analysis of historical patterns of abundance of the Australian sea lion on the west coast of Western Australia suggests that the population size was greater prior to the impacts of colonization and commercial sealing/whaling between the 18th and 20th centuries. In addition, it is evident that there has been a reduction in the number of breeding sites along the west coast, particularly around the greater Perth metropolitan area. There is limited evidence of the impact of indigenous hunting on the abundance and distribution of this species. The major impacts on Australian sea lion populations were a combination of subsistence and …

New Westward Breeding Records For Eastern Towhees In Central Nebraska, William C. Scharf

Nebraska Bird Review

The current breeding range of Eastern Towhees (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) in Nebraska is described as westward to a line from Cedar Co through Platte, Hall, and Harlan Cos (NBR 64: 124, Sharpe et al. 2001). Frequent recent sightings of Eastern Towhees during the breeding season have been made from more westward locations. A few reports are from Lincoln Co., 5 June 2004 by TJ Walker (NBR 72: 91), and Dawson Co., 13 May 2004 by Laurel Badura (NBR 72: 55). In contrast to the capture data presented here, none of the sightings is corroborated with breeding …

In Memory Of Dr. Rushton G. Cortelyou

Nebraska Bird Review

The Nebraska Ornithologists' Union lost a longtime member and friend on May 2, 2004, when Dr. Rushton Cortelyou passed away just 16 days shy of his 98th birthday. He had been a member of the NOU for more than 50 years. He was preceded in death by Margaret, his wife of 68 years. Survivors include daughters Helen Linger and Carol Cortelyou, five grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren. Rusty’s membership in the NOU dates from 1953, and he contributed much to the organization. He served as president in 1962-64 and as editor of The Nebraska Bird Review from 1965 to 1990. As …

Habitat Associations Of Nebraska Birds, Paul A. Johnsgard, John Dinan

Nebraska Bird Review

In the fall of 2003 we set out to assign habitat associations to 363 species of birds that regularly occur in Nebraska for the purpose of evaluating the relative importance of each of Nebraska's major habitats to the state's breeding, migrating, and wintering birds. It is our hope that this information will (1) provide the first thorough investigation of Nebraska's birds and the habitats they use, and (2) provide a method for prioritizing the conservation of Nebraska's varied habitats for birds.

Fisheries Occasional Publication No.15 - A Unit Register For Commercial Fisheries: An Issues Paper, Western Rock Lobster Council, Department Of Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Occasional Publications

This paper is designed to encourage stakeholder involvement in a review of the existing Department of Fisheries' Register, and development of a concept for a new Unit 1 Register, under the Fish Resources Management Act 1994 (FRMA). It is not a fisheries management proposal but a proposal dealing with the facilitation of the fishing licence business. Comments are sought from all stakeholders, including commercial fishers, recreational fishers, banks, accountants, lawyers, third party investors and brokers.

The comments gathered through the responses to this 'issues paper' will form the basis for the Unit Register Working Group to develop the concept of …

Genetic Analysis Of Carcass Traits Of Steers Adjusted To Age, Weight, Or Fat Thickness Slaughter Endpoints, A. Rios-Utrera, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, R. M. Koch, M. E. Dikeman, M. Koohmaraie, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Carcass measurements from 1,664 steers from the Germ Plasm Utilization project at U.S. Meat Animal Research Center were used to estimate heritabilities (h²) of, and genetic correlations (r_g) among, 14 carcass traits adjusted to different endpoints (age, carcass weight, and fat thickness): HCW (kg), dressing percent (DP), adjusted fat thickness (AFT, cm), LM area (LMA, cm²), KPH (%), marbling score (MS), yield grade (YG), predicted percentage of retail product (PRP), retail product weight (RPW, kg), fat weight (FW, kg), bone weight (BNW, kg), actual percentage retail product (RPP), fat percent (FP), and bone percent. …

Calorespirometric Evidence For Adaptation Of Blackbrush And Shadscale To Growth Season Temperatures In Cold Deserts, Heidi A. Summers

Theses and Dissertations

Coleogyne ramosissima Torr. (blackbrush) and Atriplex confertifolia [Torr. & Frem.] Wats. (shadscale) are cold desert shrubs from different families that often grow together in the Great Basin and the Colorado Plateau in the life zone between 800 and 2000 m elevation. Tissue and seeds from the two species were collected from several localities. Metabolic heat and carbon dioxide production rates were measured with calorespirometry on tissue from field-grown plants and on seedlings at temperatures from 5 to 35°C at 5°C intervals. Blackbrush adapts to higher temperatures earlier than does shadscale, and once it has adjusted to higher temperatures, anabolic rates …

Genetic Variance And Covariance Patterns For Body Weight And Energy Balance Characters In An Advanced Intercross Population Of Mice, Larry J. Leamy, Kari Elo, Merlyn K. Nielsen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We estimated heritabilities and genetic correlations for a suite of 15 characters in five functional groups in an advanced intercross population of over 2000 mice derived from a cross of inbred lines selected for high and low heat loss. Heritabilities averaged 0.56 for three body weights, 0.23 for two energy balance characters, 0.48 for three bone characters, 0.35 for four measures of adiposity, and 0.27 for three organ weights, all of which were generally consistent in magnitude with estimates derived in previous studies. Genetic correlations varied from −0.65 to +0.98, and were higher within these functional groups than between groups. …

A Monkey’S Tale: The Origin Of Plasmodium Vivax As A Human Malaria Parasite, Ananias A. Escalante, Omar E. Cornejo, Denise E. Freeland, Amanda C. Poe, Ester Durrego, William E. Collins, Altaf A. Lal

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

The high prevalence of Duffy negativity (lack of the Duffy blood group antigen) among human populations in sub-Saharan Africa has been used to argue that Plasmodium vivax originated on that continent. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships among 10 species of Plasmodium that infect primates by using three genes, two nuclear (β-tubulin and cell division cycle 2) and a gene from the plastid genome (the elongation factor Tu). We find compelling evidence that P. vivax is derived from a species that inhabited macaques in Southeast Asia. Specifically, those phylogenies that include P. vivax as an ancient lineage from …

Lack Of Evidence For Cytoplasmic Effects For Four Traits Of Polypay Sheep, L. Dale Van Vleck, Kathryn J. Hanford, G. D. Snowder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Analyses of birth and weaning weights, fleece weights of ewes, and number born per litter of Polypay sheep collected at the U.S. Sheep Experimental Station from 1978 through 1998, confirmed previous analyses of three other dual-purpose breeds that cytoplasmic effects do not contribute to variation in these four traits. In general, estimates of genetic parameters that would be needed for national genetic evaluation were similar to previous estimates for Columbia, Rambouillet, and Targhee sheep, although estimates of direct heritability for Polypay were somewhat less for birth weight, slightly greater for weaning weight, significantly greater for fleece weight, and the same …

Integrated Fisheries Management Report Western Rock Lobster Resource., Department Of Fisheries

Fisheries Management Papers

This report is the first in a series of Integrated Fisheries Management (IFM) reports required under the 2004 Government Policy on IFM. Under this policy, the Executive Director of Fisheries is required to approve a sustainability report for each fishery, which includes a clear statement on the harvest level. The sustainable harvest level is that total catch, or catch range, that is to be allocated among the various user groups identified for that particular fishery. These IFM reports will assist in the process of allocating explicit shares in the use of Western Australia’s fish resources. They do not establish the …

Minimising The Cost Of Future Stock Monitoring, And Assessment Of The Potential For Increased Yields, From The Oceanic Snapper, Pagrus Auratus, Stock Off Shark Bay, Michael J. Moran, Peter Stephenson, Daniel J. Gaughan, Nadia E. Tapp, Jenny Moore

Fisheries Research Reports

The investment in this project has resulted in a substantially more extensive set of age composition data than would have otherwise been possible. This in turn has underpinned stock assessment modeling that has provided the basis for determining that the commercial fishery for snapper in Shark Bay needed a substantial decrease the total allowable catch. The modeling was able to determine that the stock was at a low size following a period of low recruitment during the late 1990s. The suspected low recruitment, evident once the age date were collated, and anticipated negative effects on the stock were both quantitatively …

Ecological Analysis Of Nutrient, Plankton And Benthic Communities In Farmington Bay And The Great Salt Lake, Utah (2004), Amy M. Marcarelli, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

In Fall 2004, the Aquatic Ecology Practicum class at Utah State University finished a third year of research on limnological and ecological characteristics of Farmington Bay and Gilbert Bays of the Great Salt Lake. Our previous research has produced interesting findings in Farmington Bay, including hypereutrophy (Marcarelli et a!. 2001), high phosphorus loading into the Bay, overnight water column anoxia linked to high winds (Wurtsbaugh et a!. 2002), potential predator control of brine shrimp, and high levels of hydrogen sulfide in the sediment and deep brine layer (Marcarelli et a!. 2003). These class findings have lead to increased interest in …

Predicting Numbers Of Hauled-Out Harbour Seals: A Mathematical Model, James L. Hayward, Shandelle M. Henson, Clara J. Logan, Catherine R. Parris, Matthew W. Meyer, Brian Dennis

Faculty Publications

1. It was once assumed that commercially important fish make up significant portions of seal diets. As a consequence, prior to the 1970s many seal populations were dramatically reduced by rampant slaughtering. Today, seals and other marine mammals are valued components of marine ecosystems and their numbers are carefully managed. To facilitate management, government statutes mandate the systematic monitoring of seal populations. Population estimates are based on counts of hauled-out seals obtained by aerial survey and radio and satellite telemetry; hence, considerable effort has been devoted to finding optimal times for such counts. We have developed a predictive mathematical model …

Ponazuril Inhibits The Development Of Eimeria Vermiformis In Experimentally Infected Outbred Swiss Mice, S. A. Billeter, J. A. Spencer, Bill Chobotar, B. L. Blagburn

Faculty Publications

We evaluated a 15% paste formulation of ponazuril in outbred Swiss mice that were experimentally infected with Eimeria vermiformis. Thirty, 8-week-old female mice (approximately 20 g) were placed in one group of 10 mice and one group of 20 mice. Mice in both groups were gavaged with approximately 5,000 sporulated oocysts of E. vermiformis on day 0. Mice in group 2 (n=10) were treated orally on days 3 and 4 with ponazuril (suspended in 30% propylene glycol) at the rate of 20 mg/kg. Mice in group 1 (n=20) were gavaged with a similar volume of 30% propylene glycol. Rates of …

Sod Suppression Techniques For Legume Interseeding, Alexander J. Smart, Vance N. Owens, Dick Pruitt

South Dakota Beef Report, 2005

Sod suppression is necessary for successful establishment of legumes interseeded into existing pasture; however such techniques vary in their effectiveness, cost, and management. Sod suppression experiments for legume interseeding into cool-season pasture were conducted at South Dakota State University’s Cow-Calf Unit located near Brookings, SD in 2003 to 2005. We evaluated (i) spring burn, (ii) field cultivator or disk, (iii) herbicide, (iv) heavy fall and spring graze, and (v) a control with no sod suppression. Legume species were alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, and kura clover. Sod suppression techniques enhanced the success of legume interseeding. In this study, the grazing equaled or …

Effect Of Grazing, Mowing, Or Herbicide On Leafy Spurge Control, Kelly W. Bruns, Alexander J. Smart

South Dakota Beef Report, 2005

Leafy spurge (euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial which is deep rooted and can reproduce by seeds and rhizomes. First introduced into North America in the 1800’s from Europe, it now covers 25 states in the USA and several provinces in Canada. It is a major concern in North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska. Leafy spurge is considered a noxious weed that is extremely competitive, establishing itself in pastureland and roadsides. Bangsund et al. (1997) estimated that by 2005, uncontrolled leafy spurge acres would reach 18.5 million in the Northern Great Plains. The cost of leafy spurge …

Factors Affecting Profitability Of The Cow-Calf Enterprise In The Northern Great Plains, Barry H. Dunn, Dick Pruitt, Edward Hamilton, Duane Griffith

South Dakota Beef Report, 2005

One hundred and forty eight privately owned and operated cow-calf enterprises were surveyed for their production and financial performance measures and the results analyzed for factors that affected profitability. The results of these analyzes indicate that for cow-calf enterprises in the Northern Great Plains, high levels of profit are a function of lower than average investment, above average reproductive performance, lower than average total expenses, and above average market prices for calves produced. Neither high nor low levels of other biological production, geographical region, size of operation, or year were factors that explained differences in profitability. Profitability measured as Return …

Nebraska 2005 Beef Cattle Report (Complete Volume)

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Contents

Cow/Calf
Comparison of Two Development Systems for March-born Replacement Beef Heifers
Effects of Supplemental Protein During Gestation and Grazing Sub-irrigated Meadow During the Postpartum Interval on Pregnancy Rates of Spring Calving Cows and Calf Growth
The Effects of Temperature and Temperature-Humidity Index on Pregnancy Rate in Beef Cows
Effects of Dried Distillers Grains Supplementation Frequency on Heifer Growth
Reproductive Response in Heifers Fed Soybeans During Post Weaning Development

Grazing
The Effects of Dried Distillers Grains on Heifers Consuming Low or High Quality Forage
Tree Growth and Cattle Weight Gain in a Ponderosa Pine System
Determination of Undegradable Intake Protein …

Comparison Of Aquatic Life Depicted In Illustrations And Plaster Casts Of The Punt Relief From The Temple Of Hatshepsut At Deir El-Bahari, Emily Lord, Eugene G. Maurakis

Virginia Journal of Science

The primary objective of this study is to document differences between image characteristics of two sources (illustrations in Naville, 1898; and images in the cast of the relief at Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (VMFA) of the Punt relief from the temple of Hatshepsut at Deir El-Bahri. Our second is to compare cast images to photographs of the original relief. Characteristics of 30 species in the illustrations were described and compared to descriptions of the corresponding 30 species photographed from the cast at VMFA. The number of differences and similarities were recorded for each pair of corresponding icons and used …

Conjugated Linoleic Acids In The Dairy Cow: Biological Activities And Applications, Daniel G. Peterson

Animal Science

No abstract provided.