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Copper Accumulation By Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) In The Charleston Side Channel Reservoir, Mark T. Christ

Masters Theses

Exposure to trace heavy metals is being extensively studied in relation to their adverse and toxic effects on organisms. Processes affecting compartmentalization, biogeochemical cycling, and transport of trace metals in ecological systems must be elucidated if the impact of trace metal releases on biota are to be understood. Because elemental cycles are often closely linked to hydrologic processes, freshwater and marine systems serve as both vectors and sinks for trace metals in the environment. The regular addition of a heavy metal into an aquatic ecosystem will undoubtedly increase its persistance for availability to the existing biota. Once in the environment, …

Beef Cattle Production On Surface-Mined Land In Central Appalachia, William O. Thom, H. B. Rice, David Adams, Charles May, Curtis Absher

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

Extensive acreages of reclaimed surface-mined land in Central Appalachia are currently producing forages that can be used in beef cattle production. During reclamation, after these areas were graded, they were seeded with grass and grass-legume mixtures to form a ground cover and to reduce soil loss. Usually in the past these areas have not been managed to provide forages for beef cattle, but they can economically support beef cattle production when managed correctly.

New Insights Into The Management Of Ewes Over Summer And Autumn, Rob Kelly, Ian Ralph

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Recent research in Western Australia has provided new information on the effects of liveweight and liveweight change on wool production and quality, as well as lamb survival and growth. Liveweight and liveweight change in sheep reflect the animals' nutritional status, and this in turn directly influences their wool production and reproductive performance. The under-nutrition of sheep not only has an immediate effect on the animal's performance, but the research showed that it also produces a significant carry-over effect on wool and lamb production, even if the ewes have returned to good feed. These findings suggest that for the efficient management …

Investigations Of The Trophic Relationships, Feeding Ecology And Feeding Behavior Of Larval Spot, Leiostomus Xanthurus Lacepede, And Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus (Linnaeus) (Pisces:Sciaenidae), Dirk Edward Peterson

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The feeding ecology of preflexion and flexion-postflexion spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) larvae was evaluated and compared. Nutritional condition of spot larvae from the Gulf of Mexico was high, with no larvae classified as starving. This was probably due to an inability to sample starving larvae at sea because of predation pressure or was indicative of favorable feeding conditions and an absence of starvation in the collection area. In spite of morphological similarities between the species, significant differences in body shape existed.

The diets of the two species converged with age and interspecific dietary overlap was relatively …

Animal Science Newsletter, Fall 1989

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

ART EXHIBITS IN THE ANIMAL SCIENCES BUILDING
IANR OPEN HOUSE TO HIGHLIGHT "NEW DIRECTIONS"
ANIMAL SCIENCE ALUMNI NOTE
DEPARTMENT NEWS -- DEATH IN THE FAMILY: Dwight F. Stephens
RECIPIENTS OF AWARDS
TERRY KLOPFENSTEIN APPOINTED KERMIT WAGNER DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
FACULTY RETIREMENTS: Donald C. Clanton, John Ward
NEW PROGRAMS IN THE DEPARTMENT
ENROLLMENT TRENDS
BLOCK AND BRIDLE CLUB NEWS: John C. Klosterman 1989 BLOCK AND BRIDLE HONOREE; JUDGING TEAMS HAVE SUCCESSFUL YEAR
CALENDAR OF EVENTS FOR 1989-90

Method And Composition For Safely Delaying Parturition And Synchronizing Farrowing In Swine, Lee A. Edgerton, Bruce T. Eckerle

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Patents

A method and composition are provided for extending the gestation period of a sow so as to increase the live birth and survival rates of a swine litter without adversely affecting the sow. The method includes the step of administering an effective dosage of estrogen to the sow 21/2-7 days prior to the end of the expected gestation period for the sow. The composition administered includes from 0.5-10 mg of an estrogen selected from a group consisting of estradiol benzoate, estradiol valerate, estrone, estradiol 17β and effective mixtures thereof. The composition is adapted for administration parenterally by including a carrier …

Effects Of Dietary Corn Oil And Menhaden Oil On Rats Mammary Tumorigenesis And Prostaglandin E2 Levels, Melissa L. Philley

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology by Melissa L. Philley on August 4, 1989.

Wpa News 25 (1989), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (August 1989), number 25

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Prairie Paths, Mouse Highways And Night Time Traffic, Patricia W. Freeman, Cliff A. Lemen

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Not long ago we developed a convenient, inexpensive, non-harmful way to learn about the secret lives of small nocturnal mammals. The technique allows us to follow trails made by rodents and to find where they have foraged, what they have eaten, and where they have their burrows. This method involves the use of a fine, nontoxic powder that fluoresces under black light. After setting traps and capturing the animals alive, we gently dust them in the fluorescent powder. The powder, used to make fluorescent paint, comes in different colors. It is especially important that the powder is non-toxic because killing …

A Dss For Animal Nutrition Planning, Krishna Prasad, M R Gopalan, S Sridhar

IIMB Management Review

In recent years, after the much acclaimed success of the Green
Revolution, the nation’s planners are coming to realize that it is not adequate for
the nation to have enough to eat, it is also important to have quality food. There
has, therefore, recently been a new emphasis on industries such as dairy and
poultry. It has been realized that there is a need to harness India’s enormous
animal resources. (There are, by one estimate, some 480 million livestock in the
country, including about 230 million cattle and 136 million poultry). Significant
improvements in the productivity of livestock can be …

Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Abundance Of Age 0 Threadfin Shad (Dorosoma Petenense) In Overton Arm, Lake Mead, William Lee Pelle

Publications (WR)

Temporal and spatial patterns of age 0 threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) abundance and growth, in the Overton Arm of Lake Mead, were examined to evaluate the effects of resource availability on the young fish. This was part of a larger, game fishery enhancement study (Lake Mead Fertilization Project), designed to assess feasability of increasing survivorship of larval/juvenile shad by boosting phosphate levels, thereby increasing algal and zooplankton biomass, during the shad spawning period. Shad are the primary forage base for the striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and black bass (Macropterus salmoides) fisheries. Weekly samples were …

Some Factors Affecting The Postpartum Interval In Sheep, Jose Pedro Cannas Simoes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of genotype on the occurrence of ovulation and estrus during the interval from lambing to ovulation accompanied by estrus (postpartum interval) was measured in White-Face and Black-Face ewes that lambed during the breeding season in 1986 and 1987. A group of St. Croix ewes was added to the study in 1987. The influence of lactation on the events of the postpartum interval was measured by comparing intact and mastectomized White-Face and Black-Face ewes. The effect of prolactin on postpartum interval was measured in these two genotypes and in a group of bromocriptine-treated Black-Face ewes that lambed in 1986. …

Management, Foraging Behavior, Diet Composition And Forage Quality Of Free-Ranging But Herded Camels In Ceeldheer District, Central Somalia, Ahmed A. Elmi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In Somalia, camel (Camelus dromedarius) survivability and milk production has been higher than for other domestic livestock and contributes substantially to the subsistence of Somali pastoralists. The objective of this research was to study management, foraging behavior and nutrition of camels in their natural habitat to determine how production continues under seasonal nutritional stress.

Management systems of Ceeldheer pastoralists are based on available natural pasture and water. The natural rotation grazing system maintained an ecological equilibrium in the District.

Pastoralists manipulate their herds to suit existing environmental conditions, family needs and labor availability for herding. In herd management, …

Utilization Of Poultry Waste (Composted Caged-Layer) As A Supplement For Sheep Fed Straw During Late Pregnancy, Raul Meneses R.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The utilization of composed caged-layer waste (CCLW) in diets for pregnant ewes fed cereal straw was evaluated. Five sheep were assigned to five diets containing, 0, 5.72, 11.37, 23.80, and 32.69% CCLW in a 5x5 Latin square design. Water intake, feed intake and feces output were measured. Feed and feces were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), organic matter, hemicellulose and minerals. Thus, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance could be calculated. Forty dry, pregnant ewes in the last third of generation were assigned to four dietary treatments contained 0, 11.25, 22.08 and …

Winter Habitats And Foods Of Blue Grouse In The Sheeprock Mountains, Utah, Peter J. Perkins, Frederick G. Lindzey, Jay A. Roberson, Gregory Mcdaniel, Randy Berger

Great Basin Naturalist

Winter habitat use and food habits of Blue Grouse (Dendragapus obscurus) were studied in an isolated Utah desert mountain range that contained little typical Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) winter habitat. Habitat use was concentrated in the Douglas-fir and pinyon (Pinus edulis)–juniper (Juniperus spp.) habitat. Douglas-fir and pinyon pine were the most consumed foods. Other foods that represented >15% of the composition of an individual fecal sample were limber pine (Pinus flexilis), mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifoliu), juniper, and an Anteunaria–Cirsium type. The breadth in winter diet indicates that Blue Grouse may …

Bulletin 4152 - Sheep In Western Australia, R J. Suiter

Bulletins 4000 -

Western Australia's sheep industry started in the early 1830s when the first flock-owners grazed their sheep on extensive areas of native vegetation, often by shepherding on unfenced country. Later, farm flocks built up as settlers cleared and fenced land for cultivation, and 'pastoral' or 'station' sheep were confined to fenced areas of native vegetation, leased from the Government.

By 1900, more than 75 per cent of Western Australia's sheep were still classed as 'pastoral', but by 1987/88, the pastoral areas carried only 2 million of the 34.1 million State flock.

Today, many former sheep stations carry cattle, which survive better …

Wpa News 23 (1989), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (February 1989), number 23

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Changes In Mule Deer Size In Utah, Dennis D. Austin, Robert A. Riggs, Philip J. Urness, David L. Turner, John F. Kimball

Great Basin Naturalist

Trends in age-specific, eviscerated carcass weights were determined for hunter-harvested yearling and two-year-old buck mule deer. Carcass weights declined over an 11-year period from two areas of similar management, but with independenly collected data sets. Carcass weights also declined between the opening and second weekends of the hunt. Management implications are discussed.

Comparison Of Yearling Steer Gains In Early Summer Under Season-Long Native, Season-Long Crested Wheatgrass And June-Deferred Native Grazing Systems, P.S. Johnson, J. J. Wagner, M. J. Goetz, J. Cantrell

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

Season-long native, season-long crested wheatgrass and June-deferred native grazing systems were compared with regard to average daily gains, gains per acre and total gains. Due to drought conditions, the typical 4-month spring-summer season was reduced to a season of approximately 2 months beginning in June. Few differences were detected between the systems for ADG in each month or over the season. Gains per acre were greatest (P<.05) on crested wheatgrass pastures (33.75 Ib/acre), but no differences were detected between native pastures (1 0.61 -1 6.61 Ib/acre) regardless of whether they had been grazed for 2 months or one (using similar stocking rates). This study indicates that, using weight gain data from 1989 and a 2-month grazing season, the greatest potential gain for the season is realized with a system where cattle graze crested wheatgrass in June and native pastures in July. If this system was applied on 320 acres crested wheatgrass and 640 acres excellent condition native pasture, it would have the potential to produce approximately 23,196 Ib of gain on yearling steers compared with season-long (June-July) production of 9,408 Ib on @I0 acres and 14,112 Ib on 960 acres native pasture.

Effects Of Restricting Intake On Carcass Traits Of Young Steers, R. H. Pritchard, D. H. Gee, M. R. Robbins

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were compared when steer calves were fed energy dense diets ad libitum (AL) or restricted (RI) to achieve constant growth rates. AL steers grew more rapidly (P.e.10) than RI steers, 2.93 vs 2.74 Ib per head per day. For the period from 98 days to slaughter (AL = 89 days, RI = 99 days), AL steers consumed more dry matter daily than Rl steers. Restricting intake did not affect feed conversions or total dry matter consumed while in the feedlot. Steers were slaughtered at similar final weights. Intake level did not affect carcass weight, rib …

Estrous Synchronization Of Heifers Using Mga And Prostaglandin: Ranch Results, T. B. Goehring

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

total of 315 yearling heifers were exposed to an estrous synchronization program which consisted of feeding MGA for 14 consecutive days (.5 mg per head per day), followed by a prostaglandin injection 17 days after the last day of MGA feeding. Two hundred forty-seven (78%) of the heifers were detected in heat and artifically inseminated within 5 days after the prostagllandin injection. Response rate ranged from 75 to 84% between ranches and years.

Comparison Of Melengestrol Acetate And Prostaglandin With Two Injections Of Prostaglandin For Estrous Synchronization In Beef Heifers, H. L. Miller, J. J. Wagner, R. L. Hanson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

Crossbred beef heifers were used to compare conception rate when synchronizing estrus with melengestrol acetate (MGA) and prostaglandin or two injections of prostaglandin. Melengestrol acetate was fed to one group of heifers for 16 days and prostaglandin injected 16 days after MGA removal or two injections of prostaglandin given 11 days apart in the other group. The MGA group had a higher conception rate (Pc.05) to timed Al, but there was no difference between the two groups for the breeding season. It appears MGA with prostaglandin results in increased conception to a timed insemination.

Evaluation Of Controlled Release Chromic Oxide Boluses And Alkaline Peroxide Lignin As Marker Methods To Determine Forage Intake Of Grazing Ruminants, P.A. Momont, R. J. Pruitt, R. H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

Twenty Hampshire ram lambs used in a digestibility trial were administered controlled release chromic oxide intraruminal boluses to evaluate chromic oxide and alkaline peroxide lignin in combination as potential markers for determining intake of ruminants grazing dormant winter range. Lambs were fed ad libitum mature prairie grass hay and provided .1 Ib crude protein from one of four supplements. The ability to predict fecal output using chromic oxide boluses and diet digestibility using alkaline peroxide lignin were not affected by supplemental treatments. Chromic oxide concentration in the feces was not affected by the time of sampling. The amount of chromium …

Moderate Versus High Protein Diets For Finishing Yearling Steers, J.J. Wagner, R. Hansen

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

Sixty-four yearling crossbred steers (864 Ib) were utilized to study moderate versus high protein finishing diets. Diets were formulated to contain 11.25 or 12.25% crude protein on a dry matter basis. Differences observed for all performance and carcass traits were not significant. Steers on the 11.25 and 12.25% crude protein diets consumed 22.29 and 22.26 Ib dry matter per head daily, gained 2.83 and 2.90 Ib per head daily and required 7.91 and 7.69 Ib dry matter per pound of gain, respectively. Diets formulated to contain 11.25% crude protein appear adequate for finishing heavy yearlings.

Increasing Profit On Dairy Farms, G R. Olney, Warren Standing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers continually make decisions on all aspects of their farms that influence profit. For dairy farmers these include the number of cows, calving pattern, level and type of supplementary feeding, area of each pasture type and fodder crop, and the areas for hay or silage, or both. The extent and type of the beef sideline operations also influence the overall profitability of the farm.

The WesternAustralian Dairy Farm Model (WADFM) is a whole farm model developed by the Western Australian Department of Agriculture to help farmers maximise profits by considering all effects of such decisions on the farm.

Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the 1983 season, two U.S. longline vessels initiated the first attempts at the commercial exploitation of swordfish in the Eastern Caribbean. In 1986, the number of U.S. vessels participating in the fishery surpassed 40 with landings of nearly two million pounds per season. The sudden influx of participants and technology to the region has resulted in a variety of user conflicts and associated policy issues. Major areas of concern involve the conservation of a heavily exploited resource and the distribution of benefits which accrue from resource exploitation among the resource-adjacent island states and U.S. fishing operations. This study examines …

The Hidden Costs Of Beef, Michael W. Fox, Nancy E. Wiswall

eBooks

No abstract provided.

Sdsu Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

1989 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 1989

This is the complete 1988 South Dakota Beef Report.

Erosion Potential Of Phomopsis-Resistant Lupins, D J. Carter, Paul Findlater

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

During lupin harvesting, up to 20 per cent of the grain remains on the ground. This non-harvested or pilt grain is a valuable feed for sheep during early summer because the pods, leaf and stem generally provide little nutrient in the stubnbles. In addition, the more efficient the weed control, the less valuable are the stubbles.

The disease lupinosis caused by Phomopsis leptostromiformis restricts the amount of grazing from the lupin stubbles, and hence the risk of wind-erosion of stubble paddocks.

However, the introduction of lupin varieties moderately resistant to Phomopsis and with reduced potential to cause lupinosis means that …