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Fisheries Report No 67 - The Western Rock Lobster Fishery 1978 - 1979, R. S. Brown, E H. Barker

Fisheries Research Reports

The fishery for the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus is one of the most important single fisheries in Australia and an important export earner for the State. Western Australia produced a record 11 388 tons in 1978/79, out of a total Australian catch of rock lobster of 15 400 tons. The fishery is governed by a complex set of regulations which have been reviewed by Bowen (1971) and Hancock (1981) and which are designed to limit the total fishing effort to acceptable levels and to enforce a legal minimum size. It is thus important to constantly monitor the state of …

Soil Conservation Research In New South Wales And Its Significance To Research On Water Erosion In Western Australia, D J. Mcfarlane

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Report No 62 - The Commercial Fisheries Of Temperate Western Australian Estuaries: Early Settlement To 1975, R C.J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Reports

This report provides a quantitative description of the commercial estuarine fisheries of temperate Western Australia. An account is given of the Long series of historical events which influenced the development of the fisheries and led to their current status. All available catch and effort data covering the years 1898 - 1975 are presented. The use of this long series of historical catch and effort data as an aid to the management of the estuarine fisheries resources is discussed. It is emphasised that interpretations of these data cannot be undertaken effectively without a knowledge of factors such as Life history strategies, …

Effect Of Various Dietary Arginine: Lysine Ratios On Performance, Carcass Composition, And Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations Of Growing-Finishing Swine, L. C. Anderson, A. J. Lewis, E. R. Peo, Jr., J. D. Crenshaw

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Crossbred growing-finishing pigs (112 barrows, 48 gilts) were used to determine the effect of reducing excess dietary arginine, through feedstuff variation, on performance, carcass composition and plasma amino acid concentrations. Diets contained five, four, three or two times the NRC requirement for arginine. Lysine in all diets was formulated to be equal to NRC requirements, and all diets contained at least 100% of the NRC recommendations for all other essential amino acids.

Limitations On Spatial Memory In Mice, Robert H.I. Dale, Martin Bedard

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Rats have an impressive ability to remember locations they have visited. Two experiments used an eight-arm radial maze to determine whether mice showed two important characteristics of this spatial memory: its durability, and its dependence on stimuli outside the maze (extreme stimuli). In Experiment 1, food-deprived mice were allowed to eat from four of the eight arms of the maze then, after delays of 5 sec, 1 min, or 5 min, they were permitted to choose the remaining arms. Choice accuracy declined significantly with the longer delays, but always remained above chance. In Experiment 2, the maze was rotated 180° …

Research Objectives In Vertebrate Pest Control, A J. Oliver

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The European rabbit, introduced into Australia in 856 by an early settler for hunting, caused massive losses to agricultural production in Western Australia in 1940s and 1950s.

In those years most of the country's recources and efforts allocated to vertebrate pest problems were aimed at controlling this animal.

Research and control measures by Commonwealth and State agencies, including the introduction of myxomatosis, were largely responsible for reducing the rabbit problem to the comparatively minor one it is now.

Today, the Agricultural Protection Board is involved in the control of a much wider range of mammals and birds which cause losses …

The Bush Tick, R B. Besier

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A newly discovered livestock parasite has focused attention on farms in the Walpole district in the south-west of Western Australia. Ticks submitted to the Department of Agriculture in December 983 were identified as the bush tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis. An intensive campaign to locate areas of infestation and to limit spread was started in January 1984.

The bush tick is a pest of livestock in some areas of New South Wales and Queensland. It is important in a narrow coastal strip from Sydney to Brisbane where total summer rainfall can exceed 1000 mm. In this area heavy tick infestation causes …

Rabbit Kitten Survival In The South-West, D R. King

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In the South-West of Western Australis reliable winter rains allow the rabbit breeding season to extend through winter and spring, and thus a large number of kittens are produced each year.

Studies on the biology of rabbits at Cape Naturaliste (270 kilometres south-west of Perth) and Chidlow (40 kilometres east of Perth in the Datling Range) have shown that at these sites each doe produces about 30 and 27 kittens respectively a year. If all these youg rabbits survived, there would be a 15-fold increase in numbers. Within a short time the State would be covered "wall to wall" by …

Rabbits North Of Carnarvon, D R. King

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In Westeern Australia rabbits are mainly a pest along the south-western coastal parts of the State, but there are populations north of the Tropic of Capricorn. Rabbits after crossing the Nullarbour plain from South Australia and colonising the South-West of the State, were reported to have reached the west coast near Geraldton by 1912 and then spread northwards.

There is little information on the biologhy of rabbits in the northan parts of their range, but pastoralists in some areas are concerned about erosion and damage to vegetation on their stations when rabbits reach high numbers.

The Agricultural Protection Board undertook …

The Secretive Silvereyes, I J. Rooke

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Durinf the past five years the agricultural Protection Board, in co-operation with scientists from CSIRO's Division of Wildlife Research and the University of Western Australia, had studied the biology and control of the silvereye in the South-West of Western Asustralia. The project was partially funded by a voluntary levy on vignerons in the Margaret River and Mt Barker areas.

The first part of the study investigated the bird's bioloogy - its food requirements, reproductive rate, how it interacted with other birds and its seasonal movements, It was hoped that this knowledge would help develop effective techniques for either controlling the …

How Rabbit Poisoning Methods Work, S H. Wheeler

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

While the "rabbit plauges" of the past are a distant memory for most farmers, rabbit numbers must still be controlled in many parts of Western Australia. Rabit control techniques rely heavily on poisoning, which given the right conditions can kill a high percentage of rabbits at risk.

Recent research by the Agricultural Protection Board has been aimed at determining how different poisons, baits and poisoning methods work. By knowing in detail how each method works and what influences its results, we can choose the best control method for a particular place and time, avoid costly failures, and increase the effectiveness …

Preventing Vineyard Damage By Silvereyes, I J. Rooke

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In the previous article, Dr I Rooke outlined the studies which helped to devise practical ways of controlling attacks by silvereyes on vineyards in the South-West of Western Australia. The preventative methods vignerons can use are discussed here.

A Closer Look At Parrots As Pests, John L. Long

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Small parrots have been attacking fruit and grain crops in the south of Western Australia at least since agriculture expanded into their native habitats in the early 1900s. The parrots are capable of quickly adapting to new situations so it is not surprising that they have eaten crops.

It is not known whether parrot numbers have increased since European settlement began, but this appears likely. The present landscape of islands of uncleared country interspersed with areas of agriculture appears to favour the survival of the red-capped parrot, western rosella and the Port Lincoln parrot. These species were investigated during a …

Myxomatosis In Western Australia, D R. King, S. H. Wheeler

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Since myxomatosis was introduced to Western Australia in the early 1950s rabbit plagues have ceased. However, myxomatosis has not proven to be the whole answer to the rabit problem.

Rabits continue to damage crops and pastures in many areas and resurgences of rabbit populations are reported from time to time.

Drs D.R. King and S. H. Wheeler of the Agricultural Protection Board's research section have been studying the way myxomatosis epidemics occur and spread in rabbit populations in a range of Western Australian environments. This research will provide data for planning effective control strategies intergrating the various control options available …

Feral Donkeys : An Assessment Of Control In The Kimberley, S H. Wheeler

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Feral donkeys are one of the major limitations to increased pastoral production in many parts of the Kimberley area of Western Australia, where they compete with cattle for food. In addition donkeys are aggressive animals, driving cattle from watering points and better grazing areas. They eliminate perenial plants by overgrazing and therefore reduce the carrying capacity of the range.

Originally introduced as draught animals, donkeys were released when cars arrived; since then they have bred up to large numbers in many areas.

For several years the Agricultural Protection Board has undertaken a programme of donkey shooting from helicopters. Since this …

Keeping Starlings Out Of W.A, John L. Long

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In Europe and North America huge flocks of starlings cause millions of dollars worth of damage to grain and fruit crops each year and large sums of money are spent trying to control them.

Starlings were introduced into australia in the late 1890s when more than 200 birds were released near Melbourne. They are now well established over much of eastern Australia, ranging from central Queensland, south to Tasmania and along the Great Australian Bight to the South Australian-Western Australian border, occasionally crossing it and sometimes moving as far west as the Esperance region on the south coast.

Some people …

Protecting Off-Shears Sheep In Adverse Weather, T M. Ellis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In January 2982 in the Narrogin-Darkan area of Western Australia, about 14,500 sheep up to 40 days off-shears died after a 48-hour period of heavy soaking rain that followed a thunderstorm three days previously. An estimated 100,000 sheep died throughout the South-West at the time.

P. G. Buckman - at the time Department of Agriculture District Veterinary Officer, Narrogin - surveyed 17 properties in the area. He found that losses in unshedded sheep 0 to 40 days off-shears ranged from 0 to 84 per cent of sheep on the property with an overall average of 27.9 per cent. Rainfall in …

Dispelling Some Myths About 'Dermo', J R. Edwards

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

There are a lot of misconceptions and myths about dermatophilosis, a disease which can kill young lambs, affect wool quality, make shearing difficult and make sheep susceptible to fly strike.

One misconception is perpetuated by the incorrect use of the name mycotic dermatitis, which implies that a fungus causes the disease. This is not so.

The disease is caused by the bacteria Dermatophilus congolensis, which attacks the sheep's skin and eventually forms a lesion or scab in the wool, and so is better called dermatophilosis, 'dermo' or 'lumpy wool'.

Veterinary Epidemiologist at the Albany Regional Office, J.R. Edwards, discusses …

New Developments In Footrot Control, R B. Richards, L. J. Depiazzi, R. V. R. Gwynn

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The eradication policy for footrot in sheep adopted by the Western Australian Department of Agriculture has produced an overall decline in the number of properties with the disease.

Our knowledge of the disease has improved substantially as a result of the research conducted at the Slabany Regional Veterinary Laboratory in recent years. Laboratory tests now sssist stock inspectors and veterinary officers to distinguish between different forms of footrot and to quarantine and eradicate accordingly.

The recent discovery of more effective foot-bathing solutions by officers of the Victorian Department of Agriculture will greatly assist further eradication procedures.

Western Australia's sheep industry …

A Report On A Pilot Study On Cattle Grazed Patches In Herbaceous Vegetation, Victor Povilaitis

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Since the late 1960's, the term station (Goddard 1968), feeding station (Novellie 1978, Underwood 1982), and feeding site (Underwood 1983) have been used to describe the area in front of a foraging animal in which it can access forage without moving its front legs. The area is a hypothecial semicircle in front of the grazing animal, but the vegetation actually impacted by defoliation may be considered a "grazed patch," which may be the sum of several feeding stations. As animals graze the vegetation in an area, grazed patches are created. Presently, it is undocumented if such patches influence the behavior …

Zur Verbreitung Und Chemie Von Flechten Der Mongolischen Volksrepublik, Siegfried Huneck, Josef Poelt, Teuvo Ahti, Orvo Vitikainen, Ulzijn Cogt

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Für das Gebiet der MVR werden Fundpunkte von 102 Flechtenart;en mitgeteilt. Davon sind 11 Arten neu für die MVR. 21 Arten wurden chemisch analysiert.

На территории МНР были собраны на разных местах 102 вида лижайников. Из них 11 вид является нозыми для МНР и для 21 вида проводился химический анализ.

Vergleichend Biologisch-Ökologische Untersuchungen In Hochgebirgen Der Nordwest- Und Südmongolei: Allgemeiner Bericht, Werner Hilbig, Michael Stubbe, N. Dawaa, Z. Schamsran, M. Dorn, K. Helmecke, D. Bumžaa, K. Ulykpan

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

In den Jahren 1976 bis 1978 führten Biologen der Martin-Luther-Universität HalleWittenberg und der Staatlichen Mongolischen Universität Ulan-Bator Arbeiten zur Höhenstufenzonierung des Charchiraa-Gebirges in der Nordw estmongolei d urch. In der Steppen- (1340 m), Lärchenwald- (2150 m) und alpinen Zone (2375 m) wurden Meßstationen errichtet, in denen über mehrere Wochen der Monate Juni bis August gearbeitet wurde. Paralleluntersuchungen konnten im Juni/Juli 1979 in dem ariden Gebirgszug Ich-bogd im Gobi-Altai (Halbwüste 1300 m, Bergsteppe 2500 m, alpine Matte 2740 m) durchgeführt werden. Der allgemeine Bericht .informiert über Aufgabenstellung, Ablauf der Expeditionen, Untersuchungsmethoden, Lage, Geologie und Klima der Untersuchungsgebiete sowie über allgemeine Erkenntnisse …

Ökofaunistische Untersuchungen Über Die Heteropterenfauna Der Nw-Mongolei, Ursula Göllner-Scheiding

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Im Verlaufe der 1977 und 1978 in drei verschiedenen Höhenstufen im Gebirge Charchiraa-uul, Aimak Uvs, im NW der Mongolei durchgeführten ökologischen Untersuchungen konnten auch 64 Arten mit 1539 Exemplaren aus 15 Familien d er Heteroptera erbeutet werden. Die Fänge wurden vor allem mit Hlife von Barberfallen und Gelbschalen erzielt. Am stärksten vertreten waren die beiden Familien der Miridae und Lygaeidae, von den übrigen Familien wurden j eweils nur wenige (eine bis höchstens vier) Arten gefangen. Der größte Teil der Arten wurde in beiden Jahren in der montanen Stufe II gefangen mit 44,4 % im Jahre 1977 und 46,6 % im …

Der Gegenwärtige Forschungsstand Über Baragschun Und Seine Zukunftsaussichten, S. Šatar, D. Dawaa

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First paragraph:

In den Höhlen und Felsnischen der Hochgebirge der Mongolei findet man den Le iden und Krankheiten heilenden Wunderteer - Baragschun. Seit jeher wußten die Menschen den hohen Wert des Baragschun zu schätzen und dieses Material zu verwenden. Die Könige und der Adel haben dieses magische Heilmittel zusammen mit Gold und Edelsteinen aufbewahrt. In den heiligen Schrjften und Büchern wurde der Stoff als „magischer Teer", „Lebensstein" und „Wundetielixier" beschrieben.

Vespinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) Aus Der Mongolei, Regine Eck

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Von 1974-1979 wurden 273 Vespinae gesammelt, die 8 Arten angehören: Dolichovespula norwegica, D. saxonica, D adulterina, D. sylvestris, D. asiatica, Vespula vulgaris, V. gennanica, V . rufa.

Zur Blattanatomie Einiger Stipa-Arten, Z. Schamsran, Č. Žargalceceg

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Ковыли являются широко распространенными эдификаторами растительных соо бществ Монголии и входят в состав кормовых трав пастбищных животных (А . А. Юна.тов, 1954). В. И. Грубов, 1955 различ а ет 10 видов ковыля на территории МНР.

Определе ние видов ковыля, особенно в нецветущем состоянии, встречается с некоторыми трудностями.

Мы попытались выяснить некоторых отличий в анатомических строениях листа у некоторых видов ковыля, что облегчило бы выяснению дополнительного критерия в их определении.

Анатомическое строение листьев при поперечном разрезе у исследованных видов ковыля в общих чертах сходно с таковыми у европейских.

Мы рассмотрили нек о торы е особ енности ан а томического строения листье …

Genetic Trend For Milk Yield From Doe Evaluations In The Northeast United States, K. G. Boldman, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Milk production records of 306 Alpine, 72 LaMancha, 170 Nubian, 84 Saanen, and 235 Toggenburg does born in the Northeast from 1972 through 1979 were used to estimate trends of additive genetic value. Estimated transmitting abilities were doubled and averaged for all does born in each year to obtain yearly estimates of genetic value. Genetic trends from regression of yearly mean genetic value on year of birth for Alpine, La- Mancha, Nubian, Saanen, and Toggenburg averaged 11.4, -7.9, 1.9, 14.6, and 11.7 kg per year. Genetic trends were less than theoretically possible, indicating that more effective selection schemes are needed, …

Inbreeding Of Artificially Bred Dairy Cattle In The Northeastern United States, G. F. S. Hudson, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Inbreeding coefficients of artificially bred Ayrshire, Guernsey, Holstein, Jersey, and Brown Swiss cows were calculated from relationships between sires and maternal male ancestors. Percentages of inbred cows and average inbreeding coefficients of inbred cows were: Ayrshire, 26 and 11%; Guernsey, 11 and 4%; Holstein, 31 and 1%; Jersey 23 and 2%; and Brown Swiss, 23 and 2%. Percentages of inbred cows and average inbreeding coefficients of all cows increased over time whereas average coefficients of inbred cows decreased over time. These temporal trends may be due in part to having more pedigree information available for cows born in later years. …

Effects Of Excess Arginine With And Without Supplemental Lysine On Performance, Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations And Nitrogen Balance Of Young Swine, L. C. Anderson, A. J. Lewis, E. R. Peo, Jr., J. D. Crenshaw, Win Butler

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of excess arginine on performance, plasma amino acid levels and N balance of young pigs (initial weights 6.9, 7.0 and 10.3 kg, respectively). In a 28-d growth trial, various amounts of arginine (0 to 1.6%) were added to a conventional starter diet.

Relationship Of Lactation Energy Intake And Occurence Of Postweaning Estrus To Body And Back Fat Composition In Sows, D. E. Reese, E. R. Peo, Jr., A. J. Lewis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Forty-five crossbred primiparous sows were used to determine the relationship of lactation energy intake and the occurrence of post-weaning estrus to (1) body fat (percentage), (2) lean body mass (LBM) and (3) qualitative and quantitative characteristics of adipose tissue. Sows received 8 (Lo) or 16 (Hi) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)/d during lactation and 5.4 Meal of ME/d post-weaning.