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Diving Birds Of North America: 6 Comparative Life Histories And Reproductive Success Rates, Paul A. Johnsgard

Diving Birds of North America by Paul A. Johnsgard

It is now well recognized that, like behavior, a species' life history characteristics, such as age at sexual maturity, clutch sizes, and incubation, brooding, and fledging patterns, are evolved traits that may be strongly influenced by a variety of ecological factors. Within the auks, loons, and grebes one can find variations in the age at sexual maturity and time of first breeding ranging from as little as 1 to as many as 5 or 6 years, average clutch sizes that range from 1 to 4 eggs, and substantial variations in adult survival rates and maximum longevity. However, compared with such …

Genetic Parameters For First Lactation Milk Yields At Three Levels Of Herd Production, J. C. De Veer, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A multivariate linear model was used to estimate sire variance and covariance components and residual variance components for first lactation milk yield and logarithms of yield at three herd production levels using Restricted Maximum Likelihood with the Expectation- Maximization algorithm. Data for four separate analyses were 305-d, mature equivalent first lactation milk records from cows sired artificially in the northeastern United States that freshened in 1970, 1971, 1976, and 1984. Respective numbers of records for each year were 42,618, 40,207, 33,581, and 34,196. Corresponding numbers of sires were 298, 289, 305, and 313. Herd production level was defined by mean …

Studies On Times Of Lambing In Ewes Grazing Subterranean Clover Based Pastures In Relation To Stocking Rates In South-Western Australia, H Lloyd Davies

Technical Bulletins

The investigation is reported in six parts: effect on ewe liveweight and fertility, lamb losses, effect on lamb growth and subsequent growth after weaning, wool production, pasture production and composition, and conclusions and practical implications. The results show that in the absence of supplementary feeding the physiological requirements of ewes in late pregnancy are better met by spring rather than autumn lambing.

Correction To 1986 Spring Occurrence Report

Nebraska Bird Review

The text for Column 8 (Saunders Co.) gives (NBR 54:51) m = My 31 and m = Je 14. The second entry should read u = Je 14.

Notes- Nebraska Bird Review March 1987

Nebraska Bird Review

ROCK COUNTY, A pair of Cinnamon Teal, two Great Egrets, and a newly hatched clutch of Canada Geese were seen near Bassett on 26 April 1986.

--- Eldon Marsh, Box 365, Brunswick, Neb. 68720

On 19 and 20 May 1986 Mrs. Ratzlaff and I saw three White-faced Ibis on the Niobrara River, north of Bassett. They were feeding in a marsh.

--- Neal Ratzlaff, 536 Brentwood Road, Omaha, Neb. 68114

SHORT-EARED OWLS IN LANCASTER CO. Five to seven Short-eared Owls were observed on 10 January 1986, during a controlled burn on the Jack Sinn Memorial WMA, Lancaster Co. Two to …

Nebraska Bird Review- Whole Issue March 1987 Volume 55 Number 1

Nebraska Bird Review

Table of Contents

1986 Treasurer's Report................... 2

1986 Christmas Count.....................3

1936 (Twenty-ninth) Fall Occurrence Report..................8

Notes...........................22

Book Reviews.............................26

Correction to 1986 Spring Occurrence Report......................28

Wpa News 15 (1987), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (March 1987), number 15

Published by the World Pheasant Association

1986 Christmas Count

Nebraska Bird Review

One hundred nine species are reported in this year's Christmas Count, eight more than last year. One species was reported present during the count week but not reported on any count, compared to two last year. Calmus-Loup made its first report this year, bringing to eleven the number of localities reporting. Fourteen species were reported on all counts; the comparable figure for. last year was also fourteen. The total individual count this year was 279,291, compared to 124,642 last year and 345,092 the year before. The Snow Goose count at DeSoto NWR and Red-winged Blackbirds and Starlings at Omaha account …

1986 Treasurer's Report

Nebraska Bird Review

Nebraska Bird Review

1986 TREASURERS REPORT

Book Reviews- Nebraska Bird Review March 1987

Nebraska Bird Review

Wildlife 2000 Modeling Habitat Relationships of Terestrial Vertebrates, edited by Jared Verner, Michael L. Morrison, and C. John Ralph, 496 pp., 9 x 11 1/2, The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wis., bibliography, indexed, cloth, $17.50.

This book is based on the proceedings of a symposium at Stanford Sierra Camp, California, in 1984. Not all papers presented there are included; those that are were revised to reflect reactions to the presentations, and some additional papers were added to round out the presentation. The sixty papers are presented in several sections: Development, Testing, and Application of Wildlife-Habitat Models; Biometric Approaches to …

1986 (Twenty-Ninth) Fall Occurrence Report

Nebraska Bird Review

Two hundred ninety-three species (plus the possibility that the Loon sp. was not one listed) were reported from 13 "full-time" locations and 4 "spot check" locations in this report; the comparable figures for 1985 are 283 a!ld the possibility that the Empidonax species was not one listed, from 11 "full-time" and 8 "spot check" locations, 278 from 12 locations in 1984, and 262 from 10 locations in 1983.

The information is presented in a rough west (left) to east (right) order, with two locations of about the same longitude listed with the northernmost first. Two dates indicate the first and …

Aspects Of Selection For Performance In Several Environments With Heterogeneous Variances, D. J. Garrick, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Dairy cattle evaluation schemes routinely assume homogeneous variance with respect to environment. Increasing evidence suggests the presence of systematic changes in variance components associated with mean level of performance. Best linear unbiased prediction procedures that account for heterogeneity are reviewed. The consequences of incorrectly assuming homogeneity for evaluation are demonstrated for a progeny test and an artificial breeding program that screens dams of sires from heterogeneous populations. Selection assuming homogeneity can be very efficient when heritability, and therefore accuracy of selection, is greatest in the more variable environment. Conversely, appreciable reduction in response results when heritability is greater in the …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 63, No. 1), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Contingency Analysis Of The Agonistic Behavioral Sequence In Sceloporus Undulatus Hyacinthinus, Deborah Allison

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A contingency analysis of the sequence of actions associated with agonistic behavior of resident and introduced male Sceloporus undulatus nya irthirus was carried out to determine the degree of stereotypy. During the time period April to June 1984 and 1985, caged pairs of adult male and juvenile female lizards were filmed on three occasions in order to gather data on resident males not involved in aggressive interactions. During the same threemonth time period, a different nonresident male was introduced singly into a given resident's cage on three occasions and the interactions filmed. The films were analyzed to determine which actions …

Western Rock Lobster Industry Compensation Study. Report To The Rock Lobster Industry Advisory Committee By Arthur Young Services., Arthur Young Services

Fisheries Management Papers

Terms of reference are outlined in letter dated 11 August 1986. The Fisheries Department seeks to reduce western rock lobster fishing capacity to ensure the long-term viability of the fishery and has asked us to evaluate the financial implications of a number of specific resource management proposals.

Pik Certificates And Cattle Feeding, Donald Peterson

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

The primary objective of this study was to determine the optimal cooking rate and endpoint temperature of a precooking regime for beef roasts which maximizes consumer acceptability and storage stability. Percentage cooking loss and TEA values were minimized when roasts were precooked to the lowest endpoint temperature (45 C, 112 F). I n addition, long-term cooking (heating rate = 16 min/C) improved TEA values (Thiobarbituric acid, a test for oxidative rancidity) for precooked beef roasts. Sensory qualities did not differ (P>.05) due to cooking rate or endpoint temperature. Findings suggest that a low-temperature long-term cooking method optimizes (Pc.05) cooking …

Effects Of Heating Rate And Endpoint Temperature On The Palatability And Storage Stability Of Precooked Beef Roasts, C.M. Chen, P.S. Dezeeuw, W.J. Costello

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

The primary objective of this study was to determine the optimal cooking rate and endpoint temperature of a precooking regime for beef roasts which maximizes consumer acceptability and storage stability. Percentage cooking loss and TEA values were minimized when roasts were precooked to the lowest endpoint temperature (45 C, 112 F). I n addition, long-term cooking (heating rate = 16 min/C) improved TEA values (Thiobarbituric acid, a test for oxidative rancidity) for precooked beef roasts. Sensory qualities did not differ (P>.05) due to cooking rate or endpoint temperature. Findings suggest that a low-temperature long-term cooking method optimizes (Pc.05) cooking …

Evaluation Of Varying Levels Of Hereford, Simmental And Angus Breeding Cows, D.M. Marshall, C.A. Dinkel

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Cow size, reproductive performance and calf performance to weaning were evaluated for Simmental-Hereford cows (25 to 38% Hereford) mated to Hereford bulls, Simmental-Hereford cows (50% Hereford) mated to Hereford bulls, Simmental-Hereford cows (62-7!5% Hereford) mated to Simmental bulls, Angus-Hereford cows (25.38% Hereford) mated to Hereford bulls, Angus-Hereford cows (50% Hereford) mated to Hereford bulls and Angus-Hereford cows (62-75% Hereford) mated to Angus bulls. Simmental cross cows were heavier and taller and produced heavier calves at b i r t h and weaning than Angus cross cows. Pregnancy rate, calf preweaning survival rate and calf birth date did not vary significantly …

Effects Of Bull Exposure On Post-Partum Interval And Reproductive Performance In Beef Cows, C.D. Naasz, H.L. Miller, R.H. Haigh

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Spring calving beef cows were utilized to study the effect of bull exposure early postpartum on return to estrus and fertility. In the spring of 1985 and 1986, cows were randomly exposed to epididectomized bulls 3 to 7 days after calving until beginning of the breeding season or not exposed to bulls. Cows were observed for estrus twice daily beginning approximately 4 weeks after the start of calving until synchronization. I n 1986, blood samples were collected weekly by jugular venipuncture during heat detection and serum progesterone concentrations were determined. ALL cows were synchronized with Synchro-Mate B and inseminated 48 …

Efficacy Of Terminator, Max-Con And Y-Tek Experimental Impregnated Ear Tag (Mc.602tc) For The Control Of Resistant Populations Of The Horn Fly In South Dakota During 1987, Emmett R. Easton, Glen Bennett

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Insecticide impregnated ear tags containing Diazinon or Dursban/cypermethrin combinations when applied at the rate of two tags per cow were more effective for the control of horn flies than tags that were applied at the rate of one per cow. With the Terminator® tag, the percentage control diminished after 8 t o 10 weeks when one tag was present, but the percentage control remained constant over a period of 15 weeks with two tags per cow. With the Max-Con@ tag control was Less satisfactory after 6 weeks when only one tag per cow was applied, but good control was received …

Rumen Injectable Probiotic Feed Additive For Newly Arrived Feedlot Cattle, J.J. Wagner

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

The effect of rumen injectable microbials and microbial feed additives on feedlot performance and health were monitored in a 28-day receiving trial. Average daily dry matter intake and gain and feed conversion were 9.75 lb/day, 3.78 lb/day and 2.59 lb feed/lb gain, respectively, and were not significantly different between treatments. There appeared to be no advantage to using probiotics in this trial.

Feeding High Grain Diets To Steer Calves With Different Feedlot Arrival Weights, R.H. Pritchard

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Crossbred steer calves (384 head) were used in a 2-year study to determine the effects of feedlot arrival weight and diet concentrate levels on feedlot performance and carcass variables. Steers were separated into Light (434 lb), medium (486 lb) and heavy (533 lb) groups based upon weights when they arrived at the feedlot. A low energy (LE) corn silage receiving and growing system was compared with a high energy (HE) system that involved feeding relatively higher levels of grain during receiving and growing periods. Calves were fed to similar fatness endpoints. Rate of gain was similar for weight groups, but …

Three-Year Summary Of Preconditioning Effects On Pre- And Postshipment Performance Of Feeder Calves, R.H. Pritchard, J.K. Swann, M.A. Robbins

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Production efficiencies associated with preconditioning feeder calves have been evaluated using 600 calves obtained from four ranches over a 3-year period. Nonpreconditioned calves remained with their dams during preconditioning and all calves were shipped to a research feedlot on the same dates each year. Average daily gains of nonpreconditioned calves for 28 days prior to shipment were variable over years and related t o range conditions. ADG of nonpreconditioned calves during each year were 1.39, .2 and 2.12 b and differed (P< .001) from preconditioned c a l f gains of 2.18, 1.81 and .91 lb for the 39 days prior to shipment. Preconditioning responses interacted with ranch and year, indicating ranch conditions will have a significant impact on results. By weaning 30 days earlier, dams of preconditioned calves lost less weight during this same period. This effect was more pronounced when range conditions were poor. Preconditioning did not affect feed lot morbidity or mortality. During the initial 56 days in the feedlot, preconditioned calves consumed more dry matter each year but gains were similar. There was no effect of preshipment management on ADG after 56 days on feed and in the initial 2 years feed efficiency was better for nonpreconditioned calves. This advantage in feed efficiency carried through to slaughter at about 240 days.

Effects Of Body Condition On Reproductive Performance Of Range Beef Cows, R.J. Pruitt, P.A. Momont

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Simnental-Angus crossbred cows were fed differing Levels of nutrition from December to May in each of 3 years to create a wide range in cow body condition or fleshiness at the beginning of the calving season (beginning mid-March) and when turned to summer pasture (early May) 1 month prior to the beginning of the breeding season (early June). Cows that were fleshier in March, May or June cycled earlier. Cows that were fleshier at the beginning of the breeding season calved earlier the following years. For cows that calved Late in the calving season, body condition prior to calving, in …

Effect Of Restricting Feed Intake During The Finishing Phase On Feedlot Performance And Dietary Energy Utilization, J.J. Wagner

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

A total of 192 yearling Angus steers were used in two trials to investigate the impact of restricting feed intake on feed conversion and energy utilization. In trial 1, feed intake was restricted to approximately 83% of ad libitum. Cattle were slaughtered at a constant fatness. In trial 2, intake was restricted to approximately 93 and 85% of ad Libitum. After 56 days on feed, half of the 85% cattle were allowed to consume feed ad Libitum. Cattle were slaughtered at a constant cumulative NEg intake. Average daily gain was reduced for the restricted intake cattle compared with controls. Carcass …

Alternate Feeding Of Corn And Corn Silage Diets To Feedlot Cattle, J.J. Wagner

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

One hundred twenty-eight Angus yearling steers (800 lb) were utilized in a trial to determine if feeding the concentrate portion of a 40% corn silage finishing diet separately from the silage would result in improved feedlot performance and feed conversion. Cattle fed the concentrate separately from silage achieved similar average daily gains and tended to have slightly better feed efficiency than cattle fed a completely mixed diet (2.26 vs 2.25 lb/head/day and 9.21 vs 9.89, respectively). Feeding completely mixed, high concentrate finishing diets resulted in the greatest performance and under current conditions is likely the most economical situation for most …

Optimun Levels Of Dietary Crude Protein And Monensin For Steer Calves On Limit-Fed, High Concentrate Diets, M.L. Sip, R.H. Pritchard, M.A. Robbins

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

One hundred ninety-two Angus and Angus x Limousin calves (611 lb) were randomly allotted to one of four Levels of crude protein intake and three dosages of monensin in an 80% concentrate diet. Intake of the complete diet was restricted to allow 2.2 lb average daily gain over an 86-day period. Crude protein was fed at 90, 100, 110 or 120% of the gram daily requirement described by NRC. Monensin was fed at 120, 180 or 240 mg/head/day. Each 10% increase in dietary crude protein caused a .13 lb increase in ADG, a .34 unit improvement in feed efficiency and …

Urea, Corn Gluten Meal Or Soybean Meal As Supplemental Crude Protein Sources For Feedlot Steers Limit-Fed High Energy Growing Diets, J.J. Wagner, T.L. Mader

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Urea, corn gluten meal and soybean meal were compared as supplemental crude protein sources for growing steers fed limited amounts of a high energy diet. Interactions between level of urea and natural protein source were not significant, indicating that source of natural protein did not influence urea utilization. Level of urea and source of natural protein did not affect average daily gain. These data indicate that up to 1% of diet dry matter as urea can be effectively utilized by limit-fed cattle.

Limit-Fed, High Energy Diets For Growing Cattle, J.J. Wagner, T.L. Mader

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Limit-fed, high energy (57 Mcal per cwt dry matter) diets were compared to full - fed, Low energy (46 Mcal per cwt dry matter) corn silage and alfalfa hay diets. Feed conversions were 5.68 and 5.78 lb of dry matter per lb of gain for the limit-fed silage and alfalfa diets vs 6.86 and 7.45 lb of dry matter per lb o f gain for the full - fed silage and alfalfa hay diets, respectively. Break-even roughage prices were calculated from feed efficiency and ration cost information. If corn is valued to the bunk at 31.50 per bushel and soybean …

Current Knowledge Concerning Silica Urinary Calculi, Royce J. Emerick

South Dakota Beef Report, 1987

Laboratory research has shown phosphate to inhibit the formation of insoluble silica - protein complexes that are believed to be important in the formation of silica urinary calculi. In work with laboratory animals, increases in dietary phosphorus and urine acidifying salts reduced the incidence of silica urinary calculi. These findings translate into feeding and management practices that may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of silica urinary calculi in cattle and sheep.