Digital Commons Network^™

Amjambo Africa! (April 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

COVID-19 denial in Burundi and Tanzania.....................2

Cameroonian deportations..3

In Her Presence .................4/5

Health care

Vaccine Q&A

Amjambo’s 3rd birthday.......6

MEBIC..................................10

Dr. Shah on vaccine safety.11

Magufuli of Tanzania..........12

World Market Basket..........14

Farming

African donuts

Soil safety..............................15

Baking Academy.................18

Bikes for all Mainers...........19

Childcare..............................20

Finance................................21

Columns & letters..............................24/25/26/27

Bangor/DEI..........................28

Novruz Festival....................29

Gisele Mukundwa...............31

Musical diversity.................31

Translations

French..................................7

Swahili.................................8

Somali..................................9

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

The Expression Of The Hijab In American Sports Culture, Nicholas Duca

Sacred Heart University Scholar

Many sports in the West, specifically in American culture, permit religious symbols and practices. Yet Muslim women have been subject to discrimination, bigotry, and disrespect for wearing or wanting to wear a hijab. This study uses philosophical theory, data, and cultural information to explore the stigma behind Muslim women in America and their participation in the sporting activities that are held here. This piece explains how the hijab’s true meaning is dismantled through American culture and the religious meaning behind it, argues why it should be allowed in sporting events, and suggests ways to prevent discrimination against Muslim women who …

Nina Reddy, Nina Reddy

Oral Histories – Student Projects

On April 12, 2021 students in the class AMS 200 conducted an oral history interview with activist Nina Reddy. In the interview Ms. Reddy discussed her activist work and her support for the AAPI (Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders) community through the NAPAWF organization.

Japanese Popular Culture Influences In Contemporary Black American Rap And Hip-Hop, Rodrianna Gaddy

Senior Theses

Since hip-hop’s emergence in New York during the early 1970s, there has been an increasing amount of Japanese popular cultural references in Black American rap and hip-hop. This increase is made possible through globalization and innovations in communication technology. Most previous research on the trend has focused primarily on the impact hip-hop has had on Japanese culture, and how Afro-Asian collaborations have shaped music produced in the East and West. However, this thesis focuses on the influence various forms of Japanese media and history have had on contemporary Black American rap and hip-hop. I evaluate how artists can display these …

3rd Place Contest Entry: Sovereignty, Statehood, And Subjugation: Native Hawaiian And Japanese American Discourse Over Hawaiian Statehood, Nicole Saito

Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize

This is Nicole Saito's submission for the 2021 Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize, which won first place. It contains her essay on using library resources, a three-page sample of her research project on the consequences that Japanese American advocacy for Hawaiian statehood had on Native Hawaiians, and her works cited list.

Nicole is a junior at Chapman University, majoring in Political Science, History, and Economics. Her faculty mentor is Dr. Robert Slayton.

Listen Like Thieves - Using Pop Music To Teach Literary Analysis, Foster Engagement, And Build Positive Relationships, William Visco

Far West Popular Culture Association Annual Conference

It has been said that teachers are some of the greatest thieves in the world, stealing ideas and altering them to fit their classes. A resource that is being "stolen from" and increasingly used in classrooms is that of pop culture. I have found that one of the most easily accessible forms of pop culture to use effectively and efficiently is that of popular music. Popular music spans generations and connects millions. I’ll discuss the benefits of connecting curriculum to pop music in order to enrich classroom lessons, enhance student's ability to do literary analysis, and actively engage students while …

A Florida Settler Of 1877: The Diary Of Erastus G. Hill, Erastus G. Hill

Florida Historical Quarterly

The QUARTERLY is grateful to Mrs. L. H. Hill of Lawtey, Florida, for permission to publish this diary which has been preserved for so many years in her family, and to Mr. A. Z. Adkins, Jr. of Gainesville for bringing it to the attention of the QUARTERLY and securing that permission. Our readers, also, will thank them ; for here we have a firsthand account of why and how so many thousands of families moved to Florida in the early days.

Negro Slavery In Florida, Part Ii, Edwin L. Williams, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

As the plantation regime expanded in territorial Florida and the Negro population became more numerous it became necessary that the slave system should be supported by statutory law. The purpose of the law was primarily to control the slave through a strict regulation of the system, and only incidentally to give him protection from ill usage. In 1828 the Legislative Council laid the legal basis for future legislation concerning Negro slaves by the passage of an act which stated that “slaves shall be deemed, held, and taken as personal property for every purpose whatever." This act placed the Negro slave …

Negro Slavery In Florida, Edwin L. Williams, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Negro slavery existed in Florida long before it became American territory and the Negro began to play his part in the drama of Florida history at a very early date. If we are to credit the narrative of Cabeca De-Vaca, as translated by Buckingham Smith, at least two Negroes accompanied the Narvaez expedition to Florida in 1528, though no mention is made as to whether they were slave or free. One of these Negroes was among the few survivors of this ill-fated expedition who finally reached Mexico. A few Negro slaves accompanied the great expedition of Hernando DeSoto when it …

Diego Pena’S Expedition To Apalachee And Apalachicolo In 1716, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

Prior to the settlement of Charles Town in 1670, the Spanish, through the mission reductions, dominated many of the southeastern Indian tribes. Although the mission Indians generally accepted the discipline imposed, several revolts against Spanish rule nevertheless occurred, the suppression of which doubtless produced many malcontents. Furthermore the Spanish regarded the English settlement of Carolina as an encroachment on Spanish territory, although evidently not unwelcome by Indians who had become hostile to the Spaniards.

The Founder Of The Seminole Nation, Kenneth W. Porter

Florida Historical Quarterly

For nearly a century the generally accepted account of the origin of the Seminole has been “that the first group of Seminoles came into Florida in 1750, under a chief named Secoffee,” to quote Dr. John R. Swanton, chief contemporary authority on their origins and early history, whose source is the anthropologist Daniel G. Brinton, although Dr. Swanton states that he does not know Brinton’s authority.

Nocoroco, A Timucua Village Of 1605, John W. Griffin

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1605 Alvaro Mexia was sent on an expedition down the east coast of Florida by Governor Don Pedro de Ybarra of Spanish East Florida. Mexia followed the inland waters as far south as St. Lucie Inlet, and upon his return to St. Augustine compiled a map and itinerary which are invaluable in the study of the archaeology of the early historic period in the area.

Major-General John Campbell In British West Florida, George C. Osborn

Florida Historical Quarterly

Late in the autumn of 1778 Brigadier-General John Campbell received a communication from Lord George Germain to proceed from the colony of New York to Pensacola, Province of West Florida. In this imperial province, which was bounded on the west by the Mississippi river, Lake Ponchartrain and the Iberville river, on the south by the Gulf of Mexico, on the east by the Apalachicola river and on the north by the thirty-first parallel but later by a line drawn eastward from the mouth of the Yazoo river, General Campbell was to take command of His Majesty’s troops. That the newly …

William Dunnington Bloxham: The Years To The Governorship, Ruby Leach Carson

Florida Historical Quarterly

If any contemporaries of William D. Bloxham (1835-1911) made any inquiries concerning the family background of Florida’s two-term governor, they left no record of his ancestry. As the son of a Leon county planter, born and reared in the heart of the political scene in Florida, his presence required no explanation. The War for Southern Independence, and then Reconstruction, of epic importance, engrossed men’s thoughts. Even Bloxham’s activity in statecraft was sufficiently important and picturesque to focus journalistic attention upon the man’s achievements almost to the exclusion of his earlier background.

Early Education In Tallahassee And The West Florida Seminary, Now Florida State University, Part Ii, William G. Dodd

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the year 1850, Tallahassee, through its city government, took the first faltering steps which led later in the decade to the organization of a stable school system. Before that year, as was told in Part I of this article, parents had depended for the education of their children on private schools and on two corporate institutions, Leon Academy and Leon Female Academy. The former, constantly in financial straits, was barely kept alive through the years from 1827 to 1840. The Female Academy, begun in 1844, continued as an independent school until 1858. Thus the story of boys’ education before …

Taylor County History And Civil War Deserters, W. T. Cash

Florida Historical Quarterly

When Florida seceded from the Union, Taylor county was four years old, it having been created from Madison county on December 23, 1856. As a functioning political unit its age was at least six months less, for the members of its first board of county commissioners were not qualified until March 27, 1857, and its first judge of probate, one of whose duties was to preside at board meetings, was not commissioned until July 4, following.

Early Education In Tallahassee And The West Florida Seminary Now Florida State University, Part I, William G. Dodd

Florida Historical Quarterly

The school problems of early Tallahassee, after a long process of trial and error, were finally solved by the establishment, on January 1, 1857, of the West Florida Seminary. Though the Seminary was nominally a State institution, actually for many years nearly all of its students were from Tallahassee and vicinity, and it was to all intents and purposes a Tallahassee school. With its location in the town, citizens were at last assured of a permanent means of educating their sons, and a little later, their daughters also. Until this fortunate event, Tallahassee, like the other towns of the Territory …

The Siege Of St. Augustine In 1702: A Report To The King Of Spain By The Governor Of East Florida, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

The QUARTERLY is under obligation to the Florida Park Service for this contribution. Mr. Lewis G. Scoggin, Park Director, writes: “This translation is the work of Dr. Mark F. Boyd, Historian of the Florida Park Service, and is offered as a contribution by the Park Service to the Florida Historical Society, for publication in the Florida Historical Quarterly.” Dr. Boyd wishes to acknowledge his obligation to Dr. Irving A. Leonard, Head of the Department of Romance Lauguages, the University of Michigan, for his criticism of the translation and suggestions in relation thereto. This report, Zuniga to the King, January 6, …

Governor Cespedes And The Religious Problem In East Florida, 1786-1787, Richard K. Murdoch

Florida Historical Quarterly

Hardly a year had elapsed after the retrocession of East Florida to Spanish control in 1783, when one disturbing fact became evident to the authorities in St. Augustine and Havana. The desired increase in the Spanish population of the province was not materializing, and there were no indications of an imminent influx of settlers. This condition was due largely to the absence of any Spanish colonists in Cuba willing to move across the Bahama channel to the mainland. Already voices were being raised against the offering of inducements to obtain settlers for the less desirable portions of the Spanish colonial …

Tequesta: The Journal Of The Historical Association Of Southern Florida, No. 7, 1947, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Tequesta: The Journal of the Historical Association of Southern. Florida, 1947, Number Seven, has appeared since the last issue of our QUARTERLY. This is published annually by that Association and the University of Miami as a bulletin of the University. The present number, as was the last, was edited by Dr. Charlton W. Tebeau, Head of the Department of History of the University.

Essay On Middle Florida (Essai Sur La Floride Du Milieu), Comte De Castelnau

Florida Historical Quarterly

Translated by Arthur R. Seymour (Note-This essay was published in Nouvelles Annales des Voyages et des Sciences Geographiques, cx, vol. iv (1843) pp. 129-208. It will be followed in subsequent issues of the QUARTERLY by extracts translated from “Vues et Souvenirs de l’Amerique du Nord,” also by Francis de Castelnau (Paris, 1842), descriptive of eleven plates (of thirty-five in the volume) which are of Florida interest. Seven of these will be reproduced. There will be published also a translation of “Note de deux Itineraries de Charleston a Tallahassee” by the same author, which appeared in Bulletin de la Societe de …

From Pensacola To St. Augustine In 1827: A Journey Of The Rt. Rev. Michael Portier, Michael Portier

Florida Historical Quarterly

Michel Portier was born in Montbrison, France, in 1795. Entering the priesthood, he came to the United States in 1817, and in 1826 was made first Vicar Apostolic of the newly created vicariate of Alabama and the Floridas, in which there were but three parishes: Mobile, Pensacola and St. Augustine. It was Bishop Portier who in 1830 established Spring Hill College at Mobile, the influence of which on education in the South has been felt for more than a century. This account of his journey across Florida was written in French and published in Annales de la Propagation de la …

Florida In North Carolina Spanish Records, Part Ii, Albert C. Manucy

Florida Historical Quarterly

The North Carolina papers show intimately the operation of Spanish colonial government. Even more intimately, perhaps, they reveal its shortcomings through the media of complaints from one side or the other, residencias of the various regimes, and innumerable autos, memorials and testimonios. Complaints were to be expected, since politics and personalities were involved. Occasionally, however, there were bona fide instances of maladministration or criminal carelessness, such as the well-known cases of Rebolledo in 1657 and Sanchez in 1736.

The Everglades Before Reclamation, J. E. Dovell

Florida Historical Quarterly

This account of the Everglades and their early history is one result of the author’s extensive research into all available sources. The full story of the Everglades including reclamation is the subject of an unpublished dissertation by the author which was accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of North Carolina.

Florida History (1650-1750) In The Spanish Records Of North Carolina State Department Of Archives And History, Albert C. Manucy

Florida Historical Quarterly

When the pirate’s bullet lodged in Captain Arguelles’ leg one fine spring day (March 30, 1683), that painful detail was faithfully written down-not once, but several times and in several different ways. Consequently, although the brave captain was wounded almost three centuries ago, today’s historian can be certain the accident was not hearsay: it actually happened. He knows exactly where it took place, and when; and further, he has a good idea of how the whole affair came about.

Stephen Russell Mallory Part Ii, Occie Clubbs

Florida Historical Quarterly

Of those who have been identified with early Key West, one who has been given highest acclaim is Ellen Mallory, Stephen R. Mallory’s mother.

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Includes reviews of A Prince in their Midst: The Adventurous Life of Achille Murat on the American Frontier. By A. J. Hanna (Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1946. pp. xi, 275, illustrations, bibliography. $3.00), and Jonathan Dickinson’s Journal or God’s Protecting Providence. Being the Narrative of a Journey from Port Royal in Jamaica to Philadelphia between August 23, 1696 and April 1, 1697. Edited by Evangeline Walker Andrews and Charles McLean Andrews. (Yale Historical Publications, Manuscripts and Edited Texts, XIX.) New Haven, Yale University Press, 1945. pp. x, 252, illustrations and maps. $3.00

Captain Bunce’S Tampa Bay Fisheries, Dorothy Dodd

Florida Historical Quarterly

The known facts about William Bunce can be stated briefly. He was a sea captain from Baltimore, who engaged in the mercantile business at Key West from August, 1824, until 1829. In 1832 he was listed as a customs inspector in the Key West District. 3 In the same year he commanded the small sloop Associate, out of Key West, in which George W. Murray, W. R. Hackley, and P. B. Prior visited Carlos bay and Charlotte Harbor to locate a site for a settlement on the Allagon Grant. Bunce’s activities on the coast of southwest Florida naturally made him …

Stephen Russell Mallory, Occie Clubbs

Florida Historical Quarterly

Perhaps Charles Mallory, as he worked at his carpenter’s bench somewhere in New England, dreamed that some day he might have a son to work beside him or to follow him at the same bench; and later, now a building superintendent and contractor in the island of Trinidad off the coast of South America, he may have dreamed again that the little Stephen playing about his shop or office, might become a great man. But if so, the reality far surpassed his dreams-for the boy became a member of the foremost legislative body of the world, and later was one …

Theatrical Entertainment In Early Florida, William G. Dodd

Florida Historical Quarterly

Theatrical entertainment in early Florida was greatly facilitated by water transportation. The Florida towns with which this story is concerned were all within easy distance, by sea or river, of cities which had well-established professional theatres. They therefore provided actors in those theatres with favorable opportunities to supplement their regular season by a preceding or subsequent engagement; or, sometimes, to fill up part of an otherwise vacant summer.