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Was The Cypress Cluster One Of The (Many) Victims Of The 1539 - 1543 De Soto Expedition?, J. Peter Thurmond

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In my master's thesis on the archeology of the Cypress creek basin (Thurmond 1981) and a subsequent article in the Bulletin of the Texas Archeological Society, I proposed the identification of a third late prehistoric-protohistoric confederacy for the Caddoan area of northeast Texas, in addition to those of the Hasinai and Kadohadacho. I named the archeological manifestation of this hypothesized sociopolitical entity the Cypress cluster, following a model of late Caddoan sociopolitical organization formulated by Dee Ann Story. The Cypress cluster is centered geographically on the upper Cypress Creek, White Oak Bayou and Lake Fork Creek basins. Two sequential temporal …

The Archaeological Conservancy: Ten Years Of Preservation Success And The New Landowner's Preservation Partnership Program, Bonnie C. Mckee

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Archaeological Conservancy, the only national nonprofit organization dedicated solely to the acquisition of cultural resource sites for preservation and future re search, celebrated ten years of operation in January 1990. Since its founding, the Conservancy has acquired 57 sites in eleven states. In the Caddoan Cultural Area, the Conservancy currently owns four sites (Grobin Davis in Oklahoma [34MC253], and Hale [41TT12], Fasken (41RR14], and Hudnall-Pirtle [41 RK4] in Texas} and holds a conservation easement for Cabe Mounds (41BW14), near Texarkana, Texas.

While the Conservancy's major focus for permanent preservation is the acquisition of sites to hold as archeological preserves, …

An Assessment Of The Fourche Maline Culture And Its Place In The Prehistory Of Northeast Texas, Frank Winchell

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This paper is based on the works of many authors who have investigated and written upon archaeological materials involving pre-Caddo cultures that existed in the Caddo Area, west of the Mississippi River. I will be concentrating on one particular archaeological manifestation known as the Fourche Maline Culture, which existed perhaps as early as 500 B.C. and ended sometime during the 2nd millenium A.D.

The origins of the Fourche Maline Culture are still not well understood, however, it can be stated with some assurance that it was an in-place development occurring somewhere within the Caddo Area. How far widespread was this …

The "Northern Caddoan Area" Was Not Caddoan, Frank F. Schambach

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In this paper I will challenge one of the major unexamined assumptions in the archeology of Eastern North America, the assumption that the Arkansas River Valley and Ozark Highland regions of eastern Oklahoma and western Arkansas, the so-called northern Caddoan Area, was the home of Caddo people who were closely related culturally and linguistically to the Caddo people of southwest Arkansas, northwest Louisiana, east Texas, and southeast Oklahoma. I will propose, instead, that the archeology of this locality is much more complex and interesting than the conventional wisdom would have it. What is involved here, I suggest, is not one …

Phase Ii Historical Investigations At Justiceburg Reservoir, Garza And Kent Counties, Texas, Martha Doty Freeman, Douglas K. Boyd

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Phase II cultural resources investigations at the proposed Justiceburg Reservoir in Garza and Kent counties, Texas, conducted in 1988-1989 included work at four historic sites, the recording of a previously unrecorded historic site, and development of two National Register contexts. This report documents the archeological work at the sites and presents data that resulted from in-depth research concerning the history of the use and development of these sites. In addition, the report presents two historic contexts which were developed in order to provide tools for the assessment of sites within the project area and, at the same time, to present …

Prehistoric Archeology And Paleoenvironments In Hidalgo And Willacy Counties, South Texas: Results Of The Phase Ii Test Excavations, C. Britt Bousman, Steve A. Tomka, Gail L. Bailey

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In May 1989 through July 1989, archeological and geomorphological investigations were conducted at five prehistoric archeological sites impacted by drainage ditch construction in Hidalgo and Willacy counties. These investigations were sponsored by Hidalgo County Drainage District No. I and Willacy County Drainage District No. I as part of a continuing program of cultural resources studies along the drainage ditch construction right-of-way. One site, 41WYI40, is situated on a low rise adjacent to a main channel of the ditch and lacks sufficient Holocene sediments to contain archeological materials in good context. However, a tortoise, cf. Gopherus hexagollarus, was recovered, and the …

Phase Ii Investigations At Prehistoric And Rock Art Sites, Justiceburg Reservoir, Garza And Kent Counties, Texas, Douglas K. Boyd, James T. Abbott, William A. Bryan, Colin M. Garvey, Steve A. Tomka, Ross C. Fields

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Phase II cultural resources investigations at the proposed Justiceburg Reservoir in Garza and Kent counties, Texas, were conducted by Prewitt and Associates, Inc. in 19881989. This report documents the archeological work at 62 prehistoric and aboriginal rock art sites and the geoarcheological study conducted as part of the Phase II work. Investigations at 48 prehistoric sites, including open campsites, rockshelters, lithic procurement sites, faunal localities, and rock art sites, resulted in complete National Register assessments; 9 campsites, the 2 rockshelters, and 6 rock art sites are considered to be eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Less-intensive …

Background Research And Field Monitoring Of Riverwalk Stalls, Downtown San Antonio, Texas, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During the latter part of 1986, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, monitored the construction of a set of Riverwalk stalls constructed in a section of the Riverwalk north of Commerce Street between st. Mary's and Navarro Streets. Excavation was mostly in river bank fill deposited during the construction of the Riverwalk under the Works Project Administration. During excavations, a well was encountered and a part of it was disturbed. A sample of artifacts from the well fill indicated that it was associated with the Nette Drug Store and dated between ca. 1870 to …

Archaeological Survey Of Property For The Proposed Eagle Pass International Bridge, Maverick County, Texas, Daniel R. Potter

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In May 1990, archaeologists for the Center of Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted a surface survey and subsurface testing program. at the site of the proposed Eagle Pass international bridge. The survey was conducted for Groves and Associates, Inc., consulting engineers and project planners, for the City of Eagle Pass. Survey and testing activities were performed in order to locate and evaluate any archaeological remains which might be affected by construction of the bridge and associated facilities. In addition, archival research was conducted at the Eagle Pass library and county courthouse in order to assess …

Archaeological Survey Of The Covel Gardens Landfill Area In San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Daniel R. Potter

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In March 1990, archaeologists from the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, conducted a surface survey and subsurface testing at a locality proposed for a landfill by Waste Management of North America, Inc. Survey and testing activities were performed in order to locate and evaluate any archaeological remains which might be affected by landfill construction and operation. In addition, a private collection of artifacts originating from the project area was documented. Prehistoric archaeological remains were encountered in the western portion of the study area, and a new site number was designated for these remains, 41 …

Archaeological Survey Of Memorial Park, Leona River Project, Uvalde County, Texas, H. Ray Smith

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During April 1990, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, under contract with the City of Uvalde, Texas, conducted a 100% pedestrian archaeological survey at the Uvalde Memorial Park. The area is located adjacent to the Leona River between East Nopal Street and the city golf course. U.S. Highway 90 West runs through the survey area.

In the Memorial Park area south of Highway 90, no cultural materials were observed on the surface. The survey area along the banks of the Leona River north of Highway 90 yielded a thin lithic scatter of prehistoric material. …

Historical And Archival Documentation For Pioneer Park, Bexar County, San Antonio, Texas, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archival search was conducted to determine the impact of planned modifications to Pioneer Park, located along the east bank of the San Antonio River, near the intersection of Hildebrand Avenue and Broadway in north San Antonio. It was determined that the planned construction would have no impact on archaeological resources. However, if further alterations to the park are planned, monitoring should be considered.

Archaeological Excavations At The Alamo Acequia, Southwest Hemisfair Plaza, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Anne A. Fox, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In January 1989, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted archaeological testing of the Alamo Acequia Madre at the southwest corner of HemisFair Plaza for the City of San Antonio. Six test trenches were excavated across the ace quia, and it was found that the stone lining on the east wall is, in most areas, in relatively good condition, but the west wall has been removed. The bottom two to three feet of the ace quia contains an accumulation of household trash discarded into it after the acequia ceased to hold water. Above this …

Archaeological Survey For Proposed Landfill Expansion (Phase I), City Of Del Rio, Val Verde County, Texas, Ronald W. Burkett

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

A cultural resource pedestrian survey was conducted within a 105-acre tract acquired by the City of Del Rio, Val Verde County. for a landfill expansion project September 25 and 26,1989. The results of this surface reconnaissance resulted in the recording of one prehistoric site (41 VV 1251).

Early Archaic points were found to be eroding at a depth of 60 cm in an erosional cut, and temporally undiagnostic bifaces and biface fragments were exposed on and just under the surface. In addition, a proximal fragment of a Paleo-Indian Clovis point was surface collected outside the study area at a greater …

Investigations At The Vollrath Blacksmith Shop (41bx786), San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, I. Waynne Cox, Maureen J. Brown, Jon Hageman, Clinton Mckenzie

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In May 1988, archival research was initiated to evaluate the archaeological potential of New City Block 102, Lots 10 through 15, in downtown San Antonio, Texas, proposed site of the new Bexar County Justice Center parking garage. The research indicated that the southern portion of Lots 10 and 11 would required further investigation at the 1874 site of Vollrath's blacksmith shop. Field excavations were conducted in August 1988. This report discusses the archival research and the results of the field excavations.

Property Ownership And Monitoring For The Modification Of Martin And Bowie Streets, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In February 1987, the Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted archival research to determine the historic significance of structures in New City Block 552 in downtown San Antonio. One structure, the Gallagher building, proved worthy of preservation. The Center then monitored the demolition of the other standing structures in the area of Martin and Bowie Streets. Limited backhoe trenching was conducted to locate the Acequia Madre, which proved to be outside the property limits. Later, monitoring to the north revealed its location farther to the west.

Field Survey And Archival Research For The Rosillo Creek Battleground Area, Southeast San Antonio, Texas, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In January 1988, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, entered into a contract with Waste Management of North America, Inc., to provide archival research and a field survey of an area in southeast San Antonio designated as the vicinity of the 1813 Battle of Rosillo. Archival and published materials indicate that the actual site is approximately one and a half miles from the current marker. Aside from the conclusion that the battle did not take place at the proposed landfill site, the field survey revealed that the land had been severely altered, leaving nothing …

Archaeological Monitoring In Connection With The San Antonio Wastewater Facilities Improvements Program, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Anne A. Fox, I. Waynne Cox

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During 1987-1988, archaeologists from the Center for Archaeological Research monitored the excavation of trenches for new sewer pipelines within the Mission Parkway Historic/Archeological District in south San Antonio. In locations where the trenches crossed the mission acequias, boring was conducted to carry the line beneath the channel. At the site of an auxiliary building on the Hot Wells Hotel property, the cutting of a trench was monitored, and foundation wall lines were documented by photography and measured drawings.

Archaeological Survey Of Memorial Park, Leona River Project, Uvalde County, Texas, H. Ray Smith

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During April 1990, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, under contract with the City of Uvalde, Texas, conducted a 100% pedestrian archaeological survey at the Uvalde Memorial Park. The area is located adjacent to the Leona River between East Nopal Street and the city golf course. U.S. Highway 90 West runs through the survey area.

In the Memorial Park area south of Highway 90, no cultural materials were observed on the surface. The survey area along the banks of the Leona River north of Highway 90 yielded a thin lithic scatter of prehistoric material. …

Texas Excavations At Site 41fb191 (Jester Farm Site #1) Fort Bend County, Texas, Alan J. Wormser

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Site 41FB191 is a camp site dating to the Late Archaic/Early Ceramic time period northwest of Oyster Creek in Fort Bend County. The site was found by a member of the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation (SDHPT) cultural resources staff during a routine archaeological survey for the proposed Segment "D" of SH 99 (Grand Parkway). When it was first located, the site had just been plowed and a number of flakes and a biface tip were found on the surface. Based on the amount of surface debris, testing was recommended in order to determine eligibility for the National …

Test Excavations At Site 41tt87 On County Road 211 Titus County, Texas, Milton Bell

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Archaeological testing of Site 41TT87 was performed during May and June of 1989 by the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation (SDHPT). These investigations were prompted by plans by Titus County and the SDHPT to replace three wooden bridges and reconstruct the County Road 211 roadway which crosses While Oak Creek bottom. Five 1 meter square test units were excavaled which produced a number of prehistoric ceramic sherds, chert flakes, and bifacial tools of which the Gary dart point type is dominant. No prehistoric features were found and the areas available for study all exhibited prior disturbance. Historic artifacts …

Test Excavations At The Jodie Bender Site, 41hs11 Harrison County, Texas, Alan J. Wormser

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Jodie Bender Site, 41HS11, is a prehistoric Caddoan settlement on Little Cypress Bayou in Harrison County, Texas. Personnel from the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation (SDHPT) tested the site in March and September 1989 as part of a bridge replacement project. The site is on a high terrace away from the bridge location, but the project includes cutting the terrace in order to meet current roadway specifications and will have a direct impact on site 41HS11.

Previous descriptions of the site indicate that there is an Early Caddo component as well as a Middle Caddo (Whelan …

Archaeological Test Excavations At 41kf118 Kaufman County, Texas, John W. Clark Jr.

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Site 41KF118 was discovered during construction of improvements to SH 34 in Kaufman County and was tested in April 1990, to determine its eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Materials recovered as a result of test excavations suggest a Late Archaic occupation for that portion of the site within the right-of-way. Most of the site lies southeast of the highway right-of-way. Tests also showed the cultural deposits to be sparse and badly disturbed by previous land clearing operations and cultivation. No additional work is recommended at this site.

Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God: A Stylistic Analysis And Its Application To The Teaching Of Writing, Joseph Stanley Klepadlo

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Ua35/11 Student Honors Research Bulletin, Wku Honors Program

WKU Administration Documents

The WKU Student Honors Research Bulletin is dedicated to scholarly involvement and student research. These papers are representative of work done by students from throughout the university.

• Basham, Penny. The Ritalin Controversy: Hyperactive Children and Medication
• Buote, Kim. The Transmission of Negative Feedback: Obstacles, Effects and Suggestions
• Cowan, James. The 1988 Presidential Primaries: Search for Bandwagons
• Durfey, Suzanne. AIDS: Nutrition and Its Implications
• Felty, Jeff. Gay and Lesbian Couples
• Gilliland, Linda. Muffins and Aspartame or Sucrose
• Graham, Ken. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• Grubbs, Morris. Conflicts and Synthesis in Robert Penn Warren's Blackberry Winter
• Medeiros, Lynne. Problems of Democratic Republicism in …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 39, No. 2, Wendy Everham, Lee C. Hopple, Ervin Beck, Juliana Bova, Grover M. Detwiler, Robert P. Stevenson

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• The Recovery of the Feminine in an Early American Pietist Community: The Interpretive Challenge of the Theology of Conrad Beissel
• A Religious and Geographical History of the Shakers, 1747-1988
• Indiana Amish Family Records
• Eel for Christmas: An Italian Tradition
• Recollections of Ninety-Two Years
• Those Old-Time Children's Days
• Aldes un Neies (Old and New)

Paula Gunn Allen, Elizabeth I. Hanson

Western Writers Series Digital Editions

“The breed is an Indian who is not an Indian.”
Paula Gunn Allen, “A Stranger in My Own Life”

At the center of Paula Gunn Allen’s vision of self and art is an individual alienated within. For Allen the idea of the “breed” reflects a preoccupation with alienation as a personal and as an aesthetic experience. Allen’s biography, her understanding of Native American literature, and her works of art and criticism are informed by the consciousness that “breeds” are aliens to traditional Native Americans and yet also aliens among whites. To know Allen’s life and work is to reflect deeply …

George Wharton James, Peter Wild

Western Writers Series Digital Editions

The teenager mouthing poems before a mirror in an English industrial town would go on to enthrall overflow audiences at the San Diego Exposition of 1916. Away from the podium, he would earn large reputations as an anthropologist, explorer, social reformer, and booster of his adopted land. Along the way, he picked up some smudges: accusations of lying, of questionable tactics in selfpromotion, and of heinous sexual acts. Above all, he would write, producing much curious froth, such as The Story of Captain: The Horse with the Human Brain. The title alone shows how far George Wharton James would …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 39, No. 1, Amos Long Jr., N. F. Karlins, Vertie Knapp, William T. Parsons

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• An Overview of Travel and Transportation in Pennsylvania
• Floretta Emma Warfel: A Folk Artist in Embroidery Paint on Cloth
• Robacker, Earl F. and Ada F.: A Bibliography
• The Modernizing Effect of the Marketplace on Old Order Society, 1727 to 1987
• Aldes un Neies (Old and New)

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 38, No. 4, Ann S. Burrows, Ruthanne Hartung, Stuart Helble, Karen Helble, Frank J. Gallagher, Rae Greiner, William Dean Wright, Wayne Hartzell, Anne Hartzell, Teresa A. Skoog, Mark Osterman, Keith Brintzenhoff, Frederick J. Saul, Beth Kreider, Richard Thomas

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Celebrating Twenty-Five Years of Quintessential Quilts
• The Folk Art of Fraktur
• Molding & Spinning Pewter
• Kaleidoscopes & Unique Stained Glass
• Dolls are Not Just for Children Anymore
• Paint Decorated Chests of the Pennsylvania Dutch
• Festival Focus
• Festival Programs
• Tiffany-Style Stained Glass Lamps
• Be Aware of What Might be Hiding in Grandma's Attic
• The Medicine Show
• Pennsylvania Dutch Music & More
• A Poor Damsel's Fate
• Silk Screening
• Long Time Favorite Festival Foods