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Clovers Around The World: A Symposium In Memory And Honor Of Dr. Norman L. Taylor, Kenneth H. Quesenberry, D. Boone, B. M. Irish Dec 2023

Clovers Around The World: A Symposium In Memory And Honor Of Dr. Norman L. Taylor, Kenneth H. Quesenberry, D. Boone, B. M. Irish

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Trifolium is arguably the largest and most diverse genera of herbaceous forage legumes (Zohary and Heller, 1984). Dr. Norman L. Taylor, Professor Emeritus, Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Kentucky, deceased, was a pioneer and champion of collection and preservation of Trifolium species throughout his 57-year career. Dr. Taylor was a native of northern Kentucky, born near where this Conference is being held.

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Estimating The Carrying Capacity For Habitat Of Urial Wild Sheep (Ovis Orientalis) In Tandoureh National Park, Iran, M. Rahimian, F. Tabatabaei Yazdi, Mansour Mesdaghi Dec 2023

Estimating The Carrying Capacity For Habitat Of Urial Wild Sheep (Ovis Orientalis) In Tandoureh National Park, Iran, M. Rahimian, F. Tabatabaei Yazdi, Mansour Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In an attempt to estimate forage production and carrying capacity of wild ungulates in Tandoureh National Park of Iran, the Babanestan grassland was selected, as the typical habitat of about 200 Urial wild sheep. In order to estimate the carrying capacity of this habitat for foraging of Urial wild sheep, this habitat with an area of 132 hectares was classified as low flat (LF), high flat (HF), north aspect (NA), and south aspect (SA). Then, to estimate forage production, clipping method of comparative yield was used. In each land form, standing crop yield of five reference plots of 1-m2 …

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Development Of Novel Interspecific Fertile Cytotype (4x) Of Pennisetum Glaucum X Pennisetum Purpureum Utilizing Modified Ploidy Coupled With Embryo Rescue Technique, Maneet Rana, N. Kumar, R. Gajghate, S. Kumar, R. Kaldate, Kamini Gautam, R. P. Sah, R. Verma, H. A. Bhargavi, R. P. Saini, S. Ahmed, P. Kaushal, A. K. Roy, A. Chandra Dec 2023

Development Of Novel Interspecific Fertile Cytotype (4x) Of Pennisetum Glaucum X Pennisetum Purpureum Utilizing Modified Ploidy Coupled With Embryo Rescue Technique, Maneet Rana, N. Kumar, R. Gajghate, S. Kumar, R. Kaldate, Kamini Gautam, R. P. Sah, R. Verma, H. A. Bhargavi, R. P. Saini, S. Ahmed, P. Kaushal, A. K. Roy, A. Chandra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Interspecific hybrids of genus Pennisetum (P. glaucum x P. purpureum) is the one of the most popular manmade hybrid. It combines the unique features of both P. glaucum (Pearl millet; Bajra) and P. purpureum (Napier; Elephant grass) species, which makes it more resilient to harsh environments with superior fodder quality. Due to ploidy level variation among the parents, these hybrids are sterile and propagated vegetatively only. To overcome this, attempts were made in the present study by exploring the feasibility of novel tetraploid pearl millet (2n=4x=28; Tetra 1; INGR 09047) developed at IGFRI, as a female parent in …

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Integrating Grazing With 2,4-D And Florpyrauxifen To Control Broadleaf Weeds And Maintain Red Clover Productivity In Grass-Legume Pastures, M. J. Renz, G. M. Imhoff Dec 2023

Integrating Grazing With 2,4-D And Florpyrauxifen To Control Broadleaf Weeds And Maintain Red Clover Productivity In Grass-Legume Pastures, M. J. Renz, G. M. Imhoff

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In grass-legume pastures, 2,4-D-amine + florpyrauxifen-benzyl controls broadleaf weeds but red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is eliminated. Grazing within a week prior to herbicide application is likely to reduce leaf surface area and may reduce red clover injury and maintain productivity. Experiments were conducted in 2020 and in 2021 to determine if red clover could be productive when 560 g ae ha-1 2,4-D-amine + 6.3 g ae ha-1 of florpyrauxifen-benzyl with 1% v/v methylated seed oil applied in the spring was grazed before or after herbicide application. Grazing timings occurred 6, 4, or 2 days prior to herbicide …

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Use Of Genuine Sources Of Ergot Resistance In Species Of The Dilatata Group Of Paspalum, R. Reyno, S. Murchio, C. Goñi, W. Iriarte, H. Oberti, Javier Do Canto, Walter Ayala, C. Rossi, M. Dalla-Rizza Dec 2023

Use Of Genuine Sources Of Ergot Resistance In Species Of The Dilatata Group Of Paspalum, R. Reyno, S. Murchio, C. Goñi, W. Iriarte, H. Oberti, Javier Do Canto, Walter Ayala, C. Rossi, M. Dalla-Rizza

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Paspalum dilatatum Poir. (dallisgrass) is an excellent C4 forage for summer production, highly productive with a wide distribution within warm-temperate regions. P. dilatatum is native to South America with special relevance for milk and meat production since its forage quality is superior to that of other C4 forage grasses and it shows tolerance to frost and water stress. In situations of temperate and warm temperate climate, the presence of these species plays a key role in the ecological stability of the system due to the complementarity of the growth cycles between winter and summer grasses. Claviceps paspali (ergot) is a …

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Fermentation Profile Of Signal Grass Silages Intercropped With Calopo Or Fertilized With Nitrogen And Treated With Microbial Inoculant, Karina G. Ribeiro, Tâmara Chagas De Silveira, João Paulo Santos Roseira, Albert José Dos Anjos, Wagner Souza Alvez, Danielle Nascimento Coutinho, Odilon G. Pereira Dec 2023

Fermentation Profile Of Signal Grass Silages Intercropped With Calopo Or Fertilized With Nitrogen And Treated With Microbial Inoculant, Karina G. Ribeiro, Tâmara Chagas De Silveira, João Paulo Santos Roseira, Albert José Dos Anjos, Wagner Souza Alvez, Danielle Nascimento Coutinho, Odilon G. Pereira

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Tropical grasses have characteristics that allow the occurrence of undesirable fermentations resulting in low quality silage. Inoculants can improve silage quality. Fermentation profile and microbial population of signal grass silages under four management (M), with and without microbial inoculant, were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with silages of signal grass managed without N application (control, 0N), fertilized with 50 kg ha-1 of N (50N), fertilized with 100 kg ha-1 of N (100N), or signal grassintercropped with calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides D.) (LEG), with inoculant (I) andwithout inoculant (WI), in a …

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Plant Breeding Perspectives For Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Success In Warm Climates, Esteban F. Rios, M. Murad Andrade, C. C. Fernandes Filho, P. Sipowicz, A. Biswas, R. Ulbricht, D. Basigalup, E. C. Brummer Dec 2023

Plant Breeding Perspectives For Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) Success In Warm Climates, Esteban F. Rios, M. Murad Andrade, C. C. Fernandes Filho, P. Sipowicz, A. Biswas, R. Ulbricht, D. Basigalup, E. C. Brummer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Climate change can have major impacts on adaptation of forage species to agroecosystems around the world. The ability of breeders to select for traits that impart adaptability to climate resilience will be critical for the future of grasslands. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most important perennial forage legume in the world because of its relatively high yield and nutritional value. In Florida, nondormant cultivars were developed for improved adaptation to the state’s subtropical agroecosystem (‘Florida 66’, ‘Florida 77’, and ‘Florida 99’); however, these cultivars are not commercially available. Breeding efforts are underway to develop new nondormant alfalfa adapted …

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Impact Of Fertilizer Type, Seed Coating, And Duration Of Exposure On The Germination Of Orchardgrass Seed, Edwin L. Ritchey, Christopher D. Teutsch Dec 2023

Impact Of Fertilizer Type, Seed Coating, And Duration Of Exposure On The Germination Of Orchardgrass Seed, Edwin L. Ritchey, Christopher D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cool-season grasses such as orchardgrass, are important components of forage systems in transition zone states like Kentucky. To maintain dense and vigorous sods, improved cool-season grass varieties are sometimes overseeded into existing stands in late-winter or early-spring. In many cases seed is mixed with fertilizer and top-dressed onto pastures. Little data are available on the impact of fertilizer type or duration of exposure on the germination of raw and coated grass seed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of two fertilizer types, muriate of potash and a blended fertilizer (urea, diammonium phosphate, and muriate of potash), …

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Accuracy And Precision Of Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (Nirs) Versus Wet Chemistry In Forage Analysis, U. K. Saha, R. J. Kern-Lunbery Dec 2023

Accuracy And Precision Of Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (Nirs) Versus Wet Chemistry In Forage Analysis, U. K. Saha, R. J. Kern-Lunbery

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Near Infra-red Spectroscopy (NIRS) is an attractive option for forage analysis. NIRS is less labor intensive, nondestructive, rapid, environmentally friendly and provides accurate and precise results. However, many nutritionists are quick to brush off NIRS, citing ‘poor accuracy’. We evaluated the accuracy and precision of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of 33 National Forage Testing Association (NFTA) proficiency test (PT) alfalfa hay samples analyzed by NIRS in 7 NIRS Forage and Feed Testing Consortium (NIRSC) member laboratories. The reference method averages (RMA), used to evaluate the NIRS results, were based …

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Evaluation Of Different Genotypes Of Teosinte (Euchlaena Mexicana) For Herbage And Seed Production In Nepal, S. Sanjyal, John G. Hampton, P. Rolston, S. Marahatta Dec 2023

Evaluation Of Different Genotypes Of Teosinte (Euchlaena Mexicana) For Herbage And Seed Production In Nepal, S. Sanjyal, John G. Hampton, P. Rolston, S. Marahatta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Teosinte is highly admired by the Nepalese farmers as a summer forage crop. It is also an important crop for milking animals in the tropical world where dairy husbandry is practiced. The only Sirsa cultivar of teosinte currently grown in Nepal takes 8 to 9 months from sowing to seed harvesting, which makes growing this crop difficult for farmers with small land holdings wanting to establish winter crops. Therefore, a diversity study on eighteen teosinte accessions was conducted in CRBD design. Seventeen teosinte accessions imported from CYMMIT Mexico and one locally grown Sirsa were evaluated in order to identify if …

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Effects Of Insecticide And Tolerant Alfalfa Cultivars On Potato Leafhopper (Empoasca Fabae) Populations And Forage Yields In Quebec (Canada), Philippe Seguin, X. Shi, J. Saguez, Huguette Martel, A. Claessens Dec 2023

Effects Of Insecticide And Tolerant Alfalfa Cultivars On Potato Leafhopper (Empoasca Fabae) Populations And Forage Yields In Quebec (Canada), Philippe Seguin, X. Shi, J. Saguez, Huguette Martel, A. Claessens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The potato leafhopper [PLH, Empoasca fabae (Harris)], which affects several crops including alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), is a recurrent problem in several regions of Quebec. The objective was to evaluate alfalfa management tools in order to reduce yield losses caused by this pest. An experiment was conducted at two sites in Quebec over three field seasons to evaluate the impact of insecticide applications and the use of PLHtolerant cultivars on forage yield and PLH populations. Foliar insecticide applications in the seeding year reduced PLH populations but generally failed to impact alfalfa yields compared to untreated alfalfa. However, in one …

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Addition Of Red Clover Or Birdsfoot Trefoil In Alfalfa-Based Mixtures To Improve The Forage Energy To Protein Balance, Philippe Seguin, Gaëtan F. Tremblay, M. Thériault, X. Godin, Shabtai Bittman, D. Hunt, J. Hakl, Gilles Bélanger, M.-N. Thivierge, Annick Bertrand, A. Claessens Dec 2023

Addition Of Red Clover Or Birdsfoot Trefoil In Alfalfa-Based Mixtures To Improve The Forage Energy To Protein Balance, Philippe Seguin, Gaëtan F. Tremblay, M. Thériault, X. Godin, Shabtai Bittman, D. Hunt, J. Hakl, Gilles Bélanger, M.-N. Thivierge, Annick Bertrand, A. Claessens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The low ratio of sugars (S) to crude proteins (CP) in alfalfa (AL, Medicago sativa L.) leads to inefficient use of nitrogen by ruminants. The objective was to determine if adding red clover (RC, Trifolium pratense L.) or birdsfoot trefoil (BT, Lotus corniculatus L.) with or without a grass species to AL improved the forage S/CP ratio. Treatments were 100% AL (control) or AL-based mixtures with RC or BT in three proportions (75, 50, or 25% of seeded legumes) with either no grass or with timothy (Phleum pratense L.) or tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus Schreb. Dumort.), resulting in …

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Yield Potential Of Co4 Napier Hybrid Bajra (Pennisetum Perpureum Schumach.) Fodder Crop Under Irrigated Conditions In India, Om Singh, Ayushi Singh, Ananya Singh, Anita Singh Dec 2023

Yield Potential Of Co4 Napier Hybrid Bajra (Pennisetum Perpureum Schumach.) Fodder Crop Under Irrigated Conditions In India, Om Singh, Ayushi Singh, Ananya Singh, Anita Singh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A field trial on Co4 was conducted at ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar during 2013-14 to 2017-18 to study the effect of harvesting season/time on green, dry matter yield and morphological parameters. Data shows that yield of Co4 was increased from first year 2013-14 to third year 2015-16 and decreased in fourth year of plantation of crop. Regrowth of ratoon crop was good as it was in first year crop, it may be concluded that crop can be grown upto 5-6 years. The crop yield of first year and second year as par with fifth year. Maximum green fodder yield 307.7 …

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Concentration And Bioactivity Of Condensed Tannins And Total Phenolics Of Lespedeza Species From A Germplasm Collection, Thomas H. Terrill, V. Smith, B. Morning, E. M. Courson, James P. Muir, N. M. Cherry, J. B. Morris Dec 2023

Concentration And Bioactivity Of Condensed Tannins And Total Phenolics Of Lespedeza Species From A Germplasm Collection, Thomas H. Terrill, V. Smith, B. Morning, E. M. Courson, James P. Muir, N. M. Cherry, J. B. Morris

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Interest in ‘AU-Grazer’ sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) as an anti-parasitic bioactive forage has been growing in the United States, but the concentration and bioactivity of tannins and other phenolics from additional accessions of L. cuneata, as well as other Lespedeza species, have not been evaluated. A study was completed to determine the concentration of extractable condensed tannins (ECT), total CT (TCT), total phenolics (TP), and protein-precipitable phenolics (PPP) of 32 accessions of L. cuneata and 16 additional Lespedeza species from a germplasm collection. The plants were established in small pots in a greenhouse and then transplanted into …

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Origin, Rise And Development Of American Upland Cotton And Their Status At Present. Second Edition, Ed. By F.M. Bourland, J. O. Ware Dec 2023

Origin, Rise And Development Of American Upland Cotton And Their Status At Present. Second Edition, Ed. By F.M. Bourland, J. O. Ware

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

American Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a Dixie product. Although the stocks of the species were brought from elsewhere, new types (through series of adaptational changes) formed this distinctive group—the final characteristics of which are a product of the Cotton Belt of the United States. These biological processes were considerably aided by man and the steps of development possibly were about as follows: (a) natural selection took place in the earlier introductions, (b) seed were saved from the more choice stocks, (c) series of subsequent introductions were obtained from the better sources, (d) these were acclimatized and the superior ones …

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Development Of Genomic Resources And Group Specific Markers For Evaluation Of Genetic Diversity Of Pathogenic Rhizoctonia Species, Juanita Gil Bedoya Dec 2023

Development Of Genomic Resources And Group Specific Markers For Evaluation Of Genetic Diversity Of Pathogenic Rhizoctonia Species, Juanita Gil Bedoya

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rhizoctonia is a complex genus in the phylum Basidiomycota comprised of several taxa distributed across different families in the order Cantharellales. Many species in the genus have been identified as plant pathogens, saprobes, or beneficial mycorrhizal symbionts of orchids. Rhizoctonia isolates are divided into binucleate and multinucleate and then classified into anastomosis groups (AGs) based on the ability of compatible hyphae to fuse. Binucleate Rhizoctonia species (Ceratobasidium spp.) are classified into 21 AGs identified with letters (AG-A to AG-U). Multinucleate Rhizoctonia species (Thanatephorus spp.) are identified with numbers and classified into 14 anastomosis groups (AG-1 to AG-13, and bridging group …

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Assessing The Evaporation Method For Soil-Water Retention Curve Development And Comparison Of Soil-Water Characteristics Across Different Tillage Practices In A Furrow-Irrigated Corn (Zea Mays L.) System, Jeferson Prass Pimentel Dec 2023

Assessing The Evaporation Method For Soil-Water Retention Curve Development And Comparison Of Soil-Water Characteristics Across Different Tillage Practices In A Furrow-Irrigated Corn (Zea Mays L.) System, Jeferson Prass Pimentel

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The thesis comprises three studies. The first study in this thesis (Chapter I) focused on a six-year corn field experiment to assess the influence of conservation agricultural practices on soil properties and their long-term effects on water-use efficiency and yield. Non-tillage management did not significantly reduce soil bulk density compared to conventional tillage, as no differences were observed between non-tillage and tillage systems throughout the 6-year experiment. There was no difference in total water-use efficiency among soil management practices in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021. Even though in one year of the study, a significant 24 kg ha-1 mm-1 improvement …

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Cellular Control Of Proteostasis, Cytoskeleton Organization, And Polarity Remodeling During Infection-Related Development By The Rice Blast Fungus, Audra Rogers Dec 2023

Cellular Control Of Proteostasis, Cytoskeleton Organization, And Polarity Remodeling During Infection-Related Development By The Rice Blast Fungus, Audra Rogers

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the intricate processes underlying fungal infection-related development is crucial for combating plant pathogens. In this study, we investigate the coordination of morphogenetic transitions during plant infection by Magnaporthe oryzae, the blast fungus. We focus on three key aspects: protein quality control, cytoplasmic microtubule organization, and cell-end marker proteins. M. oryzae forms a specialized infection cell known as an appressorium. The proper formation of this cell is crucial for the pathogen to infect a susceptible host. First, we investigate protein quality control mechanisms during infection-related development. Our findings demonstrate that aggregated proteins are sequestered into quality control compartments within conidia …

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Evaluation Of Water Hardness And Ph On Soybean And Cotton Insecticide Efficacy, Taylor Davis Dec 2023

Evaluation Of Water Hardness And Ph On Soybean And Cotton Insecticide Efficacy, Taylor Davis

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Insecticide efficacy often varies by location and year. Many factors can influence an insecticide’s efficacy, but an often-overlooked factor is the quality of water in a carrier solution. Water quality includes many parameters, but two important ones are water hardness and pH. Research has shown that water hardness and pH can affect some pesticides. Multiple experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of water hardness and pH on insecticide efficacy. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of water hardness and pH on the efficacy and residual control of chlorantraniliprole for the control of corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Leaf …

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High Throughput Phenotyping: Field Based Triticale Breeding And Educational Resource Impact, Catherine Kay Mick Dec 2023

High Throughput Phenotyping: Field Based Triticale Breeding And Educational Resource Impact, Catherine Kay Mick

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Triticale (Triticosecale) is a multifunctional hybrid cereal crop that adopted the hardiness of rye and wheat's high-yielding and nutritional qualities. Plant breeding programs work to improve the quality and number of varieties available to producers through multiple rounds of evaluation and selection. However, traditional phenotyping methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and destructive, creating a phenotyping bottleneck. Remote sensing using unmanned aerial systems has the potential to alleviate this issue and change the evaluation of phenotypes in a breeding. Demand for educational resources to advance public awareness and prepare the workforce has increased with the utilization of more technology in …

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Evaluation Of Vegetative Indices To Determine Canopy Ground Cover For Winter Survival And Hybrid Necrosis In Winter Wheat, Micheal Young Dec 2023

Evaluation Of Vegetative Indices To Determine Canopy Ground Cover For Winter Survival And Hybrid Necrosis In Winter Wheat, Micheal Young

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The benefit of unmanned aircraft systems and image processing methods in agronomic research across numerous crops has been well documented as has the importance of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., on the global food supply. Hence there is great interest in digital solutions applied to aspects of wheat breeding. A major trait of importance to winter wheat breeders in higher latitudes is winter survival, which can result in poor yield and performance if lines do not survive extreme cold. Scoring winter survival is most commonly based on visual score of 0% to 100% with the higher percentage conveying higher winter survival …

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Assessing The Morphological And Physiological Traits Of Smooth Brome Pastures Under Long Term Grazing And Nutrient Enrichment In Eastern Nebraska, Hassan Shehab Dec 2023

Assessing The Morphological And Physiological Traits Of Smooth Brome Pastures Under Long Term Grazing And Nutrient Enrichment In Eastern Nebraska, Hassan Shehab

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Climate change together with the increase in demands for food, feed, fuel, and fiber are becoming a threat to sustainability and resilience of agriculture and pasture lands. Bromus inermis (smooth bromegrass) dominates pastures for cattle grazing in Eastern Nebraska, US, where it is planted in monocultures, and is considered high quality forage because of its palatability and high nutritional value for cattle, especially under intensive management practices. Sustainable management of these pastures is key to long-term resilience. This study aims to assess the performance of smooth bromegrass pastures to the combined effects of long-term management practices (since 2005) of fertilization …

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Evaluation Of Weed Control Efficacy And Crop Tolerance To Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl Coated Onto Urea, Bodie Lyn Cotter Dec 2023

Evaluation Of Weed Control Efficacy And Crop Tolerance To Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl Coated Onto Urea, Bodie Lyn Cotter

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Frequent off-target movement occurrences to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], rice (Oryza sativa L.) injury, and a lack of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] control followed the commercial launch of florpyrauxifen-benzyl in 2018. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a synthetic auxin, Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC)/Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) Group 4 herbicide used for postemergence weed control in rice and labeled for application at 30 g ae ha-1. Previous research documented that soybean was susceptible to injury following spray applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl at less-than-labeled rates, and certain varieties of rice are less tolerant to spray-applied florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 30 g ae …

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Responses Of Maize To Different Irrigation Regimes In Semi-Arid Western Nebraska, Swathi Palle Dec 2023

Responses Of Maize To Different Irrigation Regimes In Semi-Arid Western Nebraska, Swathi Palle

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

As the “Cornhusker State”, Maize (Zea mays) is an important crop in Nebraska. However, farmers in the state are challenged by unstable supply of surface water and limited groundwater resources. A better understanding of maize's response to water stress that occurs at different growth stages can help implement the best irrigation practices that conserve water while maintaining yields. In this study, we conducted field experiments at the Panhandle Research, Extension, and Education Center to compare the responses of maize to eight irrigation treatments which included both limited and deficit irrigation regimes during 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. Specifically, …

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Overexpression Of Acetyl Coa Carboxylase 1 And 3 (Accase1 And Accase3), And Cyp81a21 Were Related To Cyhalofop Resistance In A Barnyardgrass Accession From Arkansas, Fidel Gonzalez-Torralva, Jason K. Norsworthy Dec 2023

Overexpression Of Acetyl Coa Carboxylase 1 And 3 (Accase1 And Accase3), And Cyp81a21 Were Related To Cyhalofop Resistance In A Barnyardgrass Accession From Arkansas, Fidel Gonzalez-Torralva, Jason K. Norsworthy

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] is the most difficult-to-control weed species of rice production systems worldwide. It has evolved resistance to different herbicide sites of action, including the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. Target-site mutations conferring resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides are well documented; however, the role of the different ACCase genes in conferring resistance to cyhalofop-p-butyl (cyhalofop), an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, remains poorly understood. This research assessed the contribution of gene amplification and expression of ACCase genes in a cyhalofop-resistant barnyardgrass accession. Additionally, the expression of glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) genes as possible …

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Cover Crops Integration With Nitrogen Management For Dryland Cotton In Sandy Ultisols, Swabir Alhassan Musah Dec 2023

Cover Crops Integration With Nitrogen Management For Dryland Cotton In Sandy Ultisols, Swabir Alhassan Musah

All Theses

One of the many benefits of cover crops (CCs) is nutrient provision, which can be optimized by synchronizing the nutrient release from residue decomposition with the demand for subsequent cash crops. This study is part of a multistate research (13 states) to measure cotton lint yield in response to cover cropping as a nutrient management strategy. This research-based information will help farmers optimize nitrogen (N) fertilization when integrating CCs into their production systems. A two-year field trial was conducted in 2021 and 2022 with four cover crop treatments (cereal rye, crimson clover, mixtures of cereal rye and crimson clover, and …

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2020-2021 Field Seasons Of Maize Gxe Project Within The Genomes To Fields Initiative, Dayane Cristina Lima, Alejandro Castro Aviles, Ryan Timothy Alpers, Alden Perkins, Dylan L. Schoemaker, Martin Costa, Kathryn J. Michel, Shawn Kaeppler, David Ertl, Maria Cinta Romay, Joseph L. Gage, James Holland, Timothy Beissinger, Martin Bohn, Edward Buckler, Jode Edwards, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Michael A. Gore, Candice N. Hirsch, Joseph E. Knoll, John Mckay, Richard Minyo, Seth C. Murray, James Schnable, Rajandeep S. Sekhon, Maninder P. Singh, Erin E. Sparks, Peter Thomison, Addie Thompson, Mitchell Tuinstra, Jason Wallace, Jacob D. Washburn, Teclemariam Weldekidan, Wenwei Xu, Natalia De Leon Dec 2023

2020-2021 Field Seasons Of Maize Gxe Project Within The Genomes To Fields Initiative, Dayane Cristina Lima, Alejandro Castro Aviles, Ryan Timothy Alpers, Alden Perkins, Dylan L. Schoemaker, Martin Costa, Kathryn J. Michel, Shawn Kaeppler, David Ertl, Maria Cinta Romay, Joseph L. Gage, James Holland, Timothy Beissinger, Martin Bohn, Edward Buckler, Jode Edwards, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Michael A. Gore, Candice N. Hirsch, Joseph E. Knoll, John Mckay, Richard Minyo, Seth C. Murray, James Schnable, Rajandeep S. Sekhon, Maninder P. Singh, Erin E. Sparks, Peter Thomison, Addie Thompson, Mitchell Tuinstra, Jason Wallace, Jacob D. Washburn, Teclemariam Weldekidan, Wenwei Xu, Natalia De Leon

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Objectives: This release note describes the Maize GxE project datasets within the Genomes to Fields (G2F) Initiative. The Maize GxE project aims to understand genotype by environment (GxE) interactions and use the information collected to improve resource allocation efficiency and increase genotype predictability and stability, particularly in scenarios of variable environmental patterns. Hybrids and inbreds are evaluated across multiple environments and phenotypic, genotypic, environmental, and metadata information are made publicly available. Data description: The datasets include phenotypic data of the hybrids and inbreds evaluated in 30 locations across the US and one location in Germany in 2020 and 2021, soil …

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Utilizing The Genetic Potentials Of Traditional Rice Varieties And Conserving Rice Biodiversity With System Of Rice Intensification Management, Yheni Dwiningsih Dec 2023

Utilizing The Genetic Potentials Of Traditional Rice Varieties And Conserving Rice Biodiversity With System Of Rice Intensification Management, Yheni Dwiningsih

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The genetic potentials of rice cultivars will need to be expressed to their fullest if global rice production is to be expanded enough by 2050 to meet the increased demand of the expanding population while the availability of land and water per capita dwindles. New and ‘improved’ rice varieties have contributed greatly to increased production over the past 50 years, but the rate of rice yield increase based on genetic changes has declined in recent decades compared with the early years of the Green Revolution. In fact, many rice consumers continue to prefer to consume ‘traditional’ rice varieties (referred to …

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Uncertainty In Streamflow Measurements Significantly Impacts Estimates Of Downstream Nitrate Export, Shannon L. Speir, C. Nathan Jones, Arial J. Shogren, Carla L. Atkinson Dec 2023

Uncertainty In Streamflow Measurements Significantly Impacts Estimates Of Downstream Nitrate Export, Shannon L. Speir, C. Nathan Jones, Arial J. Shogren, Carla L. Atkinson

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Across watershed science, two key variables emerge–streamflow and solute concentration–which serve as the basis for efforts ranging from basic watershed biogeochemistry research to policy decisions surrounding watershed management. However, we rarely account for how error in discharge (Q) impacts estimates of downstream nutrient loading. Here, we examined the impact of uncertainty in streamflow measurements on estimates of downstream nitrate export using publicly available data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). We characterized how uncertainty in stage-discharge relationships impacts annual flux estimates across 70 USGS gages. Our results indicate the interquartile range of relative error in Q was 33% across these …

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Effect Of Cultural Strategies And Application Technologies On Weed Control In Flooded And Furrow-Irrigated Rice, Noah Hunter Reed Dec 2023

Effect Of Cultural Strategies And Application Technologies On Weed Control In Flooded And Furrow-Irrigated Rice, Noah Hunter Reed

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Weed control is a major problem that rice (Oryza sativa L.) producers face in the Mid-south every growing season. Restricted use of some rice herbicides has also highlighted the need for more research to be conducted on cultural weed control strategies and application technologies in rice. The aim of these studies was to evaluate rice weed control using various rice row widths, bed widths (irrigation-furrow spacing), rice cultivar selection, and nozzle type selection. Three field experiments were conducted in 2021 and 2022 across four sites at Lonoke, AR, Pine Tree, AR, Rohwer, AR, and Stoneville, MS. In experiment one, as …

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