Digital Commons Network^™

Integrated Effect Of Different N-Fertilizer Rates And Bioslurry Application On Growth And N-Use Efficiency Of Okra (Hibiscus Esculentus L.), Muhammad Shahbaz, Muhammad Javed Akhtar, Wazir Ahmed, Abdul Wakeel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Bioslurry obtained from biogas plants has the potential to reduce the use of expensive chemical fertilizers and increase yields. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the growth response and yield production of okra fertilized with various combinations of bioslurry and nitrogen fertilizer. The experiment was planned according to randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Bioslurry was analyzed for its composition and was applied at the rate of 600 kg ha^{-1} along with 50%, 75%, and 100% of the recommended dose of N fertilizer for the production of okra. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added according to recommended rates …

Growth And Nodulation Of Alfalfa-Rhizobia Symbiosis Under Salinity: Electrolyte Leakage, Stomatal Conductance, And Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Lahbib Latrach, Mohamed Farissi, Mohammed Mouradi, Bouchra Makoudi, Abdelaziz Bouizgaren, Cherki Ghoulam

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The present work was a study on the adverse effects of salinity on growth, nodulation, and some physiological parameters in 4 symbiotic combinations involving 2 Moroccan alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations (Demnate and Tata) and 2 rhizobial strains (rhLAr 1 and rhLAr 4). The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse at 32/22 °C day/night, 50%-80% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16 h. The seedlings were separately inoculated with suspensions of 2 rhizobial strains and grown under 2 NaCl treatments, 0 mM (control) and 100 mM (salt stress), in plastic pots filled with sterile sand and peat at 9/10 and …

Microbiological, Steady, And Dynamic Rheological Characterization Of Boza Samples: Temperature Sweep Tests And Applicability Of The Cox-Merz Rule, Muhammet Arici, Nevruz Berna Ersöz, Ömer Sai̇d Toker, Mustafa Tahsi̇n Yilmaz, Hasan Cankurt, Muhammed Zeki̇ Durak, Osman Sağdiç

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Boza is a beverage produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast, which affects rheological properties. In the present study, boza samples collected from a local market were characterized with reference to microbiological and rheological approaches. The boza samples were characterized with respect to their microbiological population, i.e. the numbers of LAB and yeast. The numbers of LAB and yeast were found to range from 2.88 × 10^6 to 2.06 × 10^{10} CFU/mL and from 3.71 × 10^3 to 9.40 × 10^5 CFU/mL, respectively. Their steady and dynamic rheological properties were investigated within the temperature range of 0-50 °C. Apparent …

Variation In Soil C And Microbial Functions Across Tree Canopy Projection And Open Grassland Microenvironments, Roberto Lai, Alessandra Lagomarsino, Luigi Ledda, Pier Paolo Roggero

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Mixtures of grasslands and perennial woody crops or vineyards represent a major source of potential carbon storage or release. Understanding the spatial variability of soil properties in these ecosystems is important in determining soil constraints related to the management of soil resources. The aims of the study were 1) to explore the spatial variability associated to the trees for soil C storage and its components and reactivity; and 2) to assess the similarities between microenvironments in terms of microbial functional diversity. Eight microenvironments characterized by different long-term soil management practices and different positions with respect to woody plant canopy soil …

In Vitro Screening Of Octoploid Fragaria Chiloensis And Fragaria Virginiana Genotypes Against Iron Deficiency, Ayfer Alkan Torun, Yildiz Kaçar, Belgi̇n Bi̇çen, Nazi̇fe Erdem, Sedat Serçe

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Iron (Fe) deficiency is one of the common problems in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) growing regions. In vitro screening enables researchers to evaluate genotype performance under several concentrations of Fe in a relatively fast and economical way. Therefore, we evaluated the responses of several genotypes belonging to octoploid Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Mill. and Fragaria virginiana Mill. (the progenitors of cultivated strawberry) against Fe treatments under in vitro conditions. In the first experiment, HM 1, Pigeon Point, CFRA1267 (F. chiloensis subsp. pacifica), and CA1541 (F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis) were tested with various Fe concentrations (0%, 10%, 15%, 25%, 50%, 65%, …

Antioxidant And Radical Scavenging Activities In Fruits Of 6 Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L.) Cultivars, Otakar Rop, Sezai̇ Erci̇şli̇, Jiri Mlcek, Tunde Jurikova, Ignac Hoza

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a minor fruit crop. The most important breeding activities focused on the production of sea buckthorn fruits as a top-quality food product have been performed in Russia, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Over the past several decades, plant breeders have selected a number of cultivars that show excellent physical and nutritional properties. The aim of this study was to monitor and determine the total contents of phenols and flavonoids as well as antioxidant capacity and scavenging activity of methanolic extracts on reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in some cultivars of sea buckthorn suitable …

Effectiveness Of Nitrogen Fertilization And Application Of Microbial Preparations In Potato Cultivation, Marek Kolodziejczyk

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study examined the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilization and application of microbiological preparations in potato cultivation. The experiment factors were doses of nitrogen of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha^{-1} and microbial preparations of BactoFil B10, Effective Microorganisms EM, and UGmax. The amount of inorganic N in the 0-0.9 m soil layer before potato planting fluctuated from 63.5 to 80.4 kg N ha^{-1}, while after harvest it ranged from 44.4 to 119.7 kg N ha^{-1}. Nitrogen supply from mineralization during potato vegetation ranged from 36.1 to 46.3 kg N ha^{-1}. Each of the applied nitrogen doses caused a …

Dry Matter Yield, Feeding Value, And Antioxidant Activity In Mediterranean Chicory (Cichorium Intybus L.) Germplasm, Giovanna Piluzza, Leonardo Sulas, Simonetta Bullitta

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Knowledge about the forage yield potential and bioactive compound contents of Mediterranean natural populations of chicory is still scarce, even though it could be very helpful in view of the exploitation of the feeding value of local chicory germplasm for ruminants. Dry matter yield, chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins content were determined in 7 natural populations of Mediterranean wild chicory and, as a comparison, in the chicory commercial variety Spadona. Original seed was collected in different pastureland areas of Sardinia (Italy) and plants were grown in North Sardinia. Statistically significant differences were found in the …

Biochemical And Sensory Evaluations Of Turkish Delight (Lokum) Enriched With Black Grape And Sour Cherry Syrups, Ali̇ Batu, Ali̇ Arslan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Black grape and sour cherry are high in phenolic substances and anthocyanin compounds, which are important for human health. Adding black grape and sour cherry fruit syrups into Turkish delight (lokum) could make the product healthier. While the highest antioxidant activity (AA) was found in the products produced with 7.5% black grape syrup (BGS) and sour cherry fruit syrup (SCS), the lowest AA was obtained from the control sample. The AA values of Turkish delight produced with BGS and SCS increased with the increased fruit concentration. Turkish delight produced with SCS had about twice as much AA than that produced …

Combining Ability And Heterosis For Concentration Of Mineral Elements And Protein In Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Ercan Ceyhan, Mustafa Harmankaya, Ali̇ Kahraman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Bean is one of the most consumed pulse crops in the world. Hence, the quality of the protein and mineral content is important for producers and consumers. Line × tester methods were used to determine the combining ability and heterosis of protein content and mineral accumulation in common beans that were crosses of PV1, PV2, PV3, PV4, PV5, PV6, Sehirali 90, Akman 98, and Yunus 90. Mean squares of line × tester interactions were significant for all of the investigated traits and indicated the prevalence of nonadditive variance; moreover, the value of the s^²_{gca}/s^²_{sca} ratio for all characters was less …

Nutrient Uptakes And Their Contributions To Yield In Peanut Genotypes With Different Levels Of Terminal Drought Resistance, Wunna Htoon, Sanun Jogloy, Nimitr Vorasoot, Banyong Toomsan, Wanwipa Kaewpradit, Naveen Puppala, Aran Patanothai

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Different peanut yields under terminal drought might be due to the different nutrient uptakes among peanut genotypes. Nutrient uptake was presumed to be a drought-resistant trait and might involve drought tolerance mechanisms. The aims of this study, therefore, were to characterize the effect of terminal drought on peanut nutrient uptake and to investigate the genotypic variability of nutrient uptake and its interactions with terminal drought. Field experiments were conducted at the Field Crop Research Station of Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, from October 2010 to January 2011 and October 2011 to January 2012. Six peanut genotypes were tested under …

L-Arginine Impact On Cherry Rootstock Rooting And Biochemical Characteristics In Tissue Culture, Virginia Sarropoulou, Kortessa Dimassi-Theriou, Ioannis Therios

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In the present study, the effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) separately and simultaneously with L-arginine on the morphogenic and biochemical responses in the cherry rootstocks CAB-6P (Prunus cerasus L.) and Gisela 6 (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens) were investigated. In the CAB-6P rootstock, the best root number and root length results were obtained with 2 mg L^{–1} IBA plus 0.5 mg L^{–1} L-arginine and 1 mg L^{–1} IBA plus 1 mg L^{–1} L-arginine, respectively. The rooting percentage was highest (100%) with 2 mg L^{–1} IBA alone or combined with 1 mg L^{–1} L-arginine. In the Gisela 6 explants, 2 mg …

Application Of A Multicriteria Decision-Making Approach For Rice Land Suitability Analysis In Turkey, İsmai̇l Sezer, Orhan Dengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The main objective of this study was to implement a spatial model with a multicriteria assessment approach for rice (Oryza sativa L.) land suitability by using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. The land mapping units resulting from the overlay of the selected theme layers had unique land quality information on which land suitability was based. The selected theme layers of rice include topographic factor (slope), soil physical factors (soil depth, soil texture, drainage, stoniness, hydraulic conductivity), and soil chemical factors (pH, electrical conductivity, CaCO_3, soil fertility). These theme layers were collected from existing information. Spatial information of soil physical and …

Origins Of The Classical Gene Concept, 1900–1950: Genetics, Mechanistic, Philosophy, And The Capitalization Of Agriculture, Garland E. Allen

Biology Faculty Research

In the period of “classical genetics” (roughly 1915–1950), the common view of the gene was mechanistic—that is, genes were seen as individual, atomistic units, as material components of the chromosomes. Although it was recognized early on that genes could interact and influence each other’s expression, they were still regarded as individually functioning units, much like the chemists’ atoms or molecules. Although geneticists in particular knew the story was more complex, the atomistic gene remained the central view for a variety of reasons. It fit the growing philosophy of mechanistic materialism in the life sciences, as biologists tried to make their …

Moving To A New Paradigm: A Reflection On Ethics, Sara Bajor '15

Richard T. Schellhase Essay Prize in Ethics

No abstract provided.

Utilization Of Related Wild Species (Echinacea Purpurea) For Genetic Enhancement Of Cultivated Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.), Roumiana Vassilevska-Ivanova, Boris Kraptchev, Ira Stancheva, Maria Geneva, Ivan Iliev, Georgi Georgiev

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Helianthus annuus is one of the most important oil species, with a comparatively narrow genetic base. The development of new sunflower cultivars is the focus of many research and breeding programs. Intergeneric hybridization between H. annuus and Echinacea purpurea, a valuable medicinal plant, has not yet been utilized in cultivar development. This paper describes 2 advanced hybrid lines produced from an intergeneric cross between the cultivated sunflower inbred line 6650 and an accession of E. purpurea. The hybrid plants have successfully been grown in the field. The hybrids, showing expression of traits from both parental species, were intermediate between both …

Effectiveness Of A Farm Field Trip, Bonnie S. Sigmon

Theses and Dissertations--Community & Leadership Development

The annual Sigmon Farm Tour was started in 1992 as an agricultural education program where students could experience being on a farm with the goal of increasing the agricultural literacy levels of the participants. Every year the entire 4th grade student population of Rockcastle County spends the day touring the farm and participating in experiential mini lessons given by the cooperating farm service and health agencies. The program has continued for 20+ years without an evaluation as to whether it is achieving its objectives. This evaluation will also exhibit the programs strengths and weakness so it can continue to improve. …

Identification Of Soils On Firefighter Turnout Gear From The Philadelphia Fire Department, Tabitha N. Huston

Theses and Dissertations--Retailing and Tourism Management

The purpose of this research was to identify the composition of soils on firefighter turnout gear from the Philadelphia Fire Department and to determine which soils contain hazardous materials. The objective of the research was to identify the composition of soils remaining on the firefighter turnout gear to enable the industry to design an effective cleaning procedure for removal of soils. A pilot study was conducted on hoods from the Philadelphia fire department to evaluate the test methods that would be used to identify the composition of soils. Soils that had been identified from previous studies were targeted in the …

The Role Of The Bacterial Endosymbiont, Arsenophonus, In The Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines, Jason A. Wulff

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Bacterial endosymbionts can have profound impacts on their host’s ecology. Notably, endosymbionts can protect their hosts against natural enemies and influence host plant interactions. The endosymbiont Candidatus Arsenophonus infects a wide taxonomic range of arthropod hosts, and is suspected of an uncharacterized mutualistic role in hemipterous insects. In the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, an introduced pest of soybeans in the United States, Arsenophonus is the sole facultative endosymbiont. The focus of this dissertation is to characterize the role of Arsenophonus in the aphid, with an overall emphasis on its impact on aphid management strategies.

I first used diagnostic PCR …

Changing Litter Resources Associated With Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Invasion Affect Benthic Communities In Headwater Streams, Christopher J. Strohm

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Hemlock woolly adelgid is an invasive herbivore causing extensive mortality of eastern hemlock, an important foundation species that provides stable conditions influencing biological communities. Hemlock is often found in riparian areas and following its decline, broadleaved species, including birch, beech, and rhododendron, will replace it. These plants differ from hemlock in patterns of canopy cover and leaf properties, which influence conditions and resources within streams.

My goal was to evaluate potential impacts of adelgid-induced alterations to riparian canopies and litter on benthic communities and litter breakdown in streams. I characterized benthic invertebrate communities, litter colonization and litter breakdown in streams …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Potential Of Moringa Oleifera L. As Livestock Fodder Crop: A Review, Wasif Nouman, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra, Muhammad Tahir Siddiqui, Azra Yasmeen, Tehseen Gull, Maria Angelica Cervantes Alcayde

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Dairy and meat production in dry regions is very complex due to low quality and shortage of fodder, especially in dry periods. Livestock scientists are eager to explore and investigate good-quality fodders that can boost milk and meat production in an organic and economical way. Some organic meals like soybean, cotton seed cake, and range grasses are being utilized to overcome the fodder shortage. These have some limitations, however, like unavailability in December through May as currently green fodder is least available after wheat, alfalfa, brassica, and maize harvesting. This leads towards reduced livestock production and low-quality milk and meat …

Artificial Neural Networks In Online Semiautomated Pest Discriminability: An Applied Case With 2 Thrips Species, Peter Fedor, Eladia Maria Peña-Méndez, Halina Kucharczyk, Jaromir Vanhara, Josef Havel, Martina Doricova, Pavol Prokop

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Being faced with practical problems in pest identification, we present a methodical paper based on artificial neural networks to discriminate morphologically very similar species, Thrips sambuci Heeger, 1854 and Thrips fuscipennis Haliday, 1836 (Thysanoptera: Thripinae), as an applied case for more general use. The artificially intelligent system may be successfully applied as a credible, online, semiautomated identification tool that extracts hidden information from noisy data, even when the standard characters have much overlap and the common morphological keys hint at the practical problem of high morphological plasticity. Statistical analysis of 17 characters, measured or determined for each Thrips fuscipennis and …

Effects Of Different Irrigation Methods And Plant Density On Silage Yield And Yield Components Of Pr 31y43 Hybrid Corn Cultivar, Muhammet Karaşahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different irrigation methods (drip I1, subsoil drip I2, and subsoil capillary I3) and different plant densities (102,040 plants ha^{-1}, D1; 119,040 plants ha^{-1}, D2; and 142,850 plants ha^{-1}, D3) on the silage yield and yield components of PR 31Y43 hybrid corn cultivar (Zea mays L. indentata S.) in the years 2011 and 2012 under the ecological conditions of Eskipazar-Karabük. In both research years, the plant densities were statistically significant for stem diameter, fresh ear ratio, fresh plant weight, silage, and dry matter yield. The highest stem diameter, fresh ear ratio, and …

Physicochemical Properties Of Turkish Green Tea Powder: Effects Of Shooting Period, Shading, And Clone, Ayhan Topuz, Cüneyt Di̇nçer, Mehmet Torun, İsmai̇l Tontul, Hi̇lal Şahi̇n Nadeem, Ayhan Haznedar, Feramuz Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties of the green tea powders produced from 2 different Turkish tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze] clones (Derepazarı 7 and Fener) grown under different shade levels and harvested during 2 consecutive shooting periods. Moisture, ash, crude fiber, and total phenolic contents of the green tea powders were determined based on the experimental factors. Products were also evaluated for their water activity, bulk density, particle size, color, extraction yield, and antioxidant activity. The shooting period, specific to Turkish tea cultivation, showed remarkable effects on the main quality parameters of the green tea powders. It …

Possibilities For The Use Of Whey In Tel Kadayıf (A Turkish Dessert) Production, Feri̇d Aydin, Songül Çakmakçi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The utilisation of whey is very important for preventing the waste of a protein- and lactose-rich dairy by product and protecting the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of whey use in tel (wire) kadayıf (a Turkish dessert raw material) production on microbiological and technological properties and sensory characteristics of tel kadayıf. For this purpose, 3 experimental tel kadayıf samples were produced using different amounts (0%, 25%, and 50%) of fresh whey instead of water in the production of raw tel kadayıf. The samples were placed in plastic bags and vacuum packaging and stored …

Field Performance Of Trichoderma Species Against Wilt Disease Complex Of Chickpea Caused By Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Ciceri And Rhizoctonia Solani, Mujeebur Rahman Khan, Shabbir Ashraf, Farahnaz Rasool, Khalid Mahmood Salati, Fayaz Ahmad Mohiddin, Ziaul Haque

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. polysporum, and T. koningii on the wilt disease complex of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani were investigated under field conditions during 2 consecutive years. Chickpea cultivar Avrodhi, grown in plots inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solani, showed chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliage and exhibited a 22%-25% decrease in yield. Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs) checked the severity of wilt by 25%-56% and 39%-67% and increased the yield of chickpea by 12%-28% and 8%-24% in the 2 years, …

The Effects Of Land Use And Land Cover Changes (Lulcc) In Kuseyr Plateau Of Turkey On Erosion, Emre Özşahi̇n, Veli̇ Uygur

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Erosion is one of the important problems in degradation of agricultural lands and other natural lands. The most dynamic factor in controlling erosion is land cover, and this factor has been anthropogenically manipulated for ages. This study investigates the effect of land use and land cover changes (LULCC) on erosion at Kuseyr Plateau, which is situated in the southernmost part of the eastern Mediterranean basin, Turkey. A geographical information systems-based method using the revised universal soil loss equation (3D) was employed to identify the amount of annual soil loss, erosion risk classes, and distribution generated by LULCC. Landsat satellite images …

Macronutrient Concentration And Remobilization In Spring Wheat Organs During Grain Filling, Murat Ti̇ryaki̇oğlu, Mehmet Yildirim, Sema Karanlik

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted with 4 bread wheat genotypes to determine the macronutrient content in different plant organs during the grain filling period. Macronutrient contents such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were determined in lower stems, peduncles, lower leaves, flag leaves, rachises, florets, and grains. High genotype effects were found for all macronutrients and plant organs. N, P, K, and Mg decreased during grain filling in all plant parts except the grain. The rate of decrease varied depending on plant organs and nutrients. Grain nutrient concentration, except nitrogen content, increased up to physiological …

Nutrient Uptake Of Peanut Genotypes With Different Levels Of Drought Tolerance Under Midseason Drought, Hoang Thai Dinh, Wanwipa Kaewpradit, Sanun Jogloy, Nimitr Vorasoot, Aran Patanothai

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of peanut genotypes to midseason drought, regarding in particular nutrient uptakes and their correlations with biomass production and pod yield. The experiment was conducted during the dry seasons of 2011/12 and 2012/13. Five peanut genotypes with different levels of drought tolerance and 2 water regimes (well-watered and midseason drought) were laid out in a split-plot design with 4 replications. Midseason drought was imitated by stopping irrigation at 30 days after planting (DAP) and then rewatering at 60 DAP. The data were recorded for contents of N, P, K, Ca, and …