Digital Commons Network^™

Hidden Vegetables, Chelsea Feller, Carrie Durward

All Current Publications

It can be difficult to get children to eat enough vegetables, especially if they are picky eaters. Hiding vegetables in other dishes is one way to avoid any disliked flavors or textures. However, there are pros and cons to consider when taking this approach.

Smoothies - Helpful Or Harmful?, Darla Stoker, Carrie Durward

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes the benefits and drawbacks of including smoothies in the diet.

The Killing Effect Of Three Agents On Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Actinidiae Of Pollen And Their Effect On Fruit Yield Of Kiwifruit, Cao Fan, Gao Guitian, Lei Yushan, Du Yinglin, Zhu Dan, Xu Yafen, Zhang Xiaoping, Li Chaozheng, Zhang Xin

Food and Machinery

The kiwifruit pollen polluted by Psa（Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae）in Shaanxi Zhouzhi was treated with solutions of ClO₂, Benziothiazolinone and Kocide, and the effects of them on the sterilization rate of Psa, pollen viability and the impacts on fruit yield, single fruit weight and seed number were investigated. The results showed that after treating the kiwifruit pollen with ClO₂, Benziothiazolinone and Kocide, the bactericidal rates of Psa were 99.7%, 99.6% and 99.4%, and the pollen viability was 62.2%, 50.1% and 51.2%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the pollen viability decreased by 0.5% (ClO₂), 19.1% (Benziothiazolinone), …

Effects Of Soybean Peptide And Taurine Compound Powder On Anti Fatigue Ability In Mice, Yang Xiao, Wang Tian, Liu Chang, Huang Ying

Food and Machinery

It showed that soybean peptides and taurine had good anti-fatigue effects. In order to explore the function of soybean peptide and taurine compound powder (SPT) on relieving fatigue and the interaction between them, the SPT Compound powder was used to test the SPF KM mice, and groups high, medium and low doses and a distilled water blank control fed for continuous 30 days were set. The experiments of loaded swimming, blood lactic acid, serum urea, liver glycogen determinations were then detected. The results showed that with the increase of the dosage, the loaded swimming time increased significantly. However, the area …

Research Of Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Different Solvent Extracts From Termitomyces Albuminosus, Li Minghong, Ligua Nhao, Piaosho Uhuan, Cui Fushun

Food and Machinery

This paper studied composition and antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts from Termitomyces albuminosus. The total flavonoids, total phenols, ergosterol and adenosine of eight kinds of different polar solvents extracts were determined by spectrophotometer and liquid chromatography. In addition, measured the antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH·, ABTS+·, hydroxyl radical, total antioxidant and total reduction ability. Extracts in distilled water had the highest rate of the yield; contained the highest content of total phenolics and adenosine in different sovlents; the highest content of ergosterol was in methanol extract. Distilled water and methanol had better scavenging free radicals in different polar solvents. …

Review Of Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Sterol Substances In Edible Fungi, Zuo Yuanyuan, Ren Jiali, Li Zhonghai

Food and Machinery

In the recent years, the research of screening anti-inflammatories in natural products has become more and more intensive, among which the edible fungi are being in focus due to their wide distribution and abundant secondary metabolites, showing good biological activity in many aspects. In order to providing a reference for the future research, the present review reported the material extraction, determination, isolation and purification of sterol compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in edible fungi as well as the research methods and mechanism of anti-inflammatory action.

Research Progress On The Pulsed Electric Field Applied To Apple Juice Processing, Jiang Bao

Food and Machinery

On the basis of the analysis of the effects of PEF on apple micro-morphological characteristics, sterilization and enzyme inactivation efficacy, the latest process in effects of PEF on quality of apple juice, and existing problems was reviewed. Moreover, the future research direction of it was also prospected, providing the better application of PEF in the future apple juice processing.

Study On Processing Technology Of Red Adzuki Bean Paste And Flow Distribution Of Nutritional And Functional Components, Cheng Nan, Qin Likang, Xie Chunzhi

Food and Machinery

Based on water absorption and bean paste rate (dry matter), the soaking and cooking process of red adzuki bean were optimized. Then, the dynamic changes of main nutritional and functional components during the process were tracked. The results showed that the water absorption of red adzuki bean was the highest (94.67±1.29)% under the soaking temperature of 45 ℃ and soaking time of 12 h. The bean paste rate was the highest (65.69±0.68)% to be cooked at 110 ℃ for 40 min with a solid-to-solvent ratio (soaked red adzuki bean:water) of 12 (g/mL). The nutritional and functional components of red adzuki …

The Raw Material Ratio And Quality Evaluation Of Poria Cocos Compound Nutrition Powder, Li Xueqin, Qin Likang, Zhang Xiujun

Food and Machinery

Through mixing Poria cocos with adlay, red rice and broken rice by 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively, a Poria cocos compound nutrition powder with efficacy of both food and medicine was developed. The changes of dispersibility property and sensory were evaluated. The results showed that, under the condition of adding Poria cocos by 20%, the dispersibility properties including gelatinization degree, extrusion degree, water solubility index (WSI), water absorption index (WAI), viscosity, nasogastric feeding liquidity, dispersion time, dispersion stability time, and sensory index were relatively better among the three kinds of nutrition powder, in which water soluble polysaccharide of poria …

The Study On The Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process On Chicken Bone Paste With Double Enzyme Combination, Ding Xiaoyan, Zhang Wen, Ni Li, Liu Zhibin

Food and Machinery

Chicken bone contains plenty of various nutrition, however the efficiency of direct use is relatively low. The enzymatic hydrolysis with protease can significantly increase the efficiency. In the present study, an enzymatic hydrolysis process on chicken bone paste with double-enzyme combination was developed. By the orthogonal test analysis, the optimal process parameters were as follows. The amounts of the neutral protease and Flavourzyme complex flavored enzyme was 0.75% and 1.50%, respectively, and the substrate concentration was 5%, hydrolyzed at was 50 ℃ and pH 8.5 for 2.5 h. Under these conditions, degree of hydrolysis (DH) and nitrogen recovery of the …

Evaluation Of Growth Characteristics, Yield, Marketability And Nitrate Levels Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L) Cultivars Produced In South Louisiana, William D. Afton

LSU Master's Theses

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an important leafy vegetable crop grown in worldwide food systems with the United States ranking second behind China in total production. In 2009 the USDA Food Economic Research Service reported 1,057,715 hectares of lettuce grown in the world. Lettuce is a common market crop grown across the United States. Nitrate (NO^3-) accumulation in lettuce and other leafy vegetables has been found to be a potential health threat and when consumed by humans, potentially causing methaemoglobinaemia and other diseases. There are four main types of lettuce and numerous cultivars within each type. Fresh …

Examining Louisiana State University Undergraduate College Of Agriculture Students' Intention To Participate In Study Abroad, Timothy K. Sandles

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine Louisiana State University (LSU) undergraduate College of Agriculture (COA) students’ intention to participate in study abroad. This study aimed to add to the body of research that utilizes Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical framework by exploring COA undergraduate students’ intention to participate in study abroad. This study sought to determine if relationships existed among students’ prior intercultural experiences, perceived motivating factors related to study abroad, perceived barriers to study abroad, outcome expectations, attitude toward study abroad, and students’ intention to participate. Additionally, the study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) …

Cover Crops And Fertilization Alter Nitrogen Loss In Organic And Conventional Conservation Agriculture Systems, Rebecca E. Shelton, Krista L. Jacobsen, Rebecca L. Mcculley

Horticulture Faculty Publications

Agroecosystem nitrogen (N) loss produces greenhouse gases, induces eutrophication, and is costly for farmers; therefore, conservation agricultural management practices aimed at reducing N loss are increasingly adopted. However, the ecosystem consequences of these practices have not been well-studied. We quantified N loss via leaching, NH₃ volatilization, N₂O emissions, and N retention in plant and soil pools of corn conservation agroecosystems in Kentucky, USA. Three systems were evaluated: (1) an unfertilized, organic system with cover crops hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), or a mix of the two (bi-culture); (2) an organic …

Conditional Cash Transfers For Primary Education: Which Children Are Left Out?, Jonathan Bauchet, Eduardo A. Undurraga, Victoria Reyes-García, Jere R. Behrman, Ricardo A. Godoy

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs to increase primary-school enrollment and attendance among low-income households have been shown to benefit children and households, but to date little is known about who joins such programs. We test three hypotheses about predictors of CCT program participation in indigenous societies in Bolivia, focusing on attributes of the household (ethnicity), parents (modern human capital), and children (age, sex). We model whether children receive a transfer from Bolivia’s CCT program (Bono Juancito Pinto), using data from 811 school-age children and nine ethnic groups. Children from the group least exposed to Westerners (Tsimane’) are 18–22 …

Arabidopsis Mate45 Antagonizes Local Abscisic Acid Signaling To Mediate Development And Abiotic Stress Responses, Nikola Kovinich, Yiqun Wang, Janet Adegboye, Alexandra A. Chanoca, Marisa S. Otegui, Paige Durkin, Erich Grotewold

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Anthocyanins provide ideal visual markers for the identification of mutations that disrupt molecular responses to abiotic stress. We screened Arabidopsis mutants of ABC (ATP‐Binding Cassette) and MATE (Multidrug And Toxic compound Extrusion) transporter genes under nutritional stress and identified four genes (ABCG25, ABCG9, ABCG5, and MATE45) required for normal anthocyanin pigmentation. ABCG25 was previously demonstrated to encode a vascular‐localized cellular expor- ter of abscisic acid (ABA). Our results show that MATE45 encodes an aerial meris- tem‐ and a vascular‐localized transporter associated with the trans‐Golgi, and that it plays an important role in controlling the levels and distribution of ABA in …

Genome-Wide Association Analysis With A 50k Transcribed Gene Snp-Chip Identifies Qtl Affecting Muscle Yield In Rainbow Trout, Mohamed Salem, Rafet Al-Tobasei, Ali Ali, Daniela Lourenco, Guangtu Gao, Yniv Palti, Brett Kenney, Timothy D. Leeds

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Detection of coding/functional SNPs that change the biological function of a gene may lead to identification of putative causative alleles within QTL regions and discovery of genetic markers with large effects on phenotypes. This study has two-fold objectives, first to develop, and validate a 50K transcribed gene SNP-chip using RNA-Seq data. To achieve this objective, two bioinformatics pipelines, GATK and SAMtools, were used to identify ∼21K transcribed SNPs with allelic imbalances associated with important aquaculture production traits including body weight, muscle yield, muscle fat content, shear force, and whiteness in addition to resistance/susceptibility to bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD). SNPs ere …

Chitosan Biopolymer Promotes Yield And Stimulates Accumulation Of Antioxidants In Strawberry Fruit, Mosaddiqur Rahman, Julakha Akter Mukta, Abdullah As Sabir, Dipall Rani Gupta, Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Md. Giashuddin Miah, Mahfuzur Rahman, Md Tofazzai Islam

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Strawberry is a well-known source of natural antioxidants with excellent free radical scav- enging capacity. This study determined the effects of chitosan application in field condition on plant growth, fruit yield and antioxidant activities in strawberry fruit. Foliar applications of chitosan on strawberry significantly increased plant growth and fruit yield (up to 42% higher) compared to untreated control. Increased fruit yield was attributed to higher plant growth, individual fruit weight and total fruit weight/plant due to the chitosan application. Surprisingly, the fruit from plants sprayed with chitosan also had significantly higher contents (up to 2.6- fold) of carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids …

Detecting Body Mass Index From A Facial Photograph In Lifestyle Intervention, Makenzie L. Barr, Guodong Guo, Sarah E. Colby, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This study aimed to identify whether a research participant’s body-mass index (BMI) can be correctly identified from their facial image (photograph) in order to improve data capturing in dissemination and implementation research. Facial BMI (fBMI) was measured using an algorithm formulated to identify points on each enrolled participant’s face from a photograph. Once facial landmarks were detected, distances and ratios between them were computed to characterize facial fatness. A regression function was then used to represent the relationship between facial measures and BMI values to then calculate fBMI from each photo image. Simultaneously, BMI was physically measured (mBMI) by trained …

Study On The Relationship Between Expression Patterns Of Cocaine-And Amphetamine Regulated Transcript And Hormones Secretion In Porcine Ovarian Follicles, Pengfei Li, Jinzhu Meng, Jiongjie Jing, Qingling Hao, Zhiwei Zhu, Jianbo Yao, Lihua Lyu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) is an endogenous neuropeptide, which is widespread in animals, plays a key role in regulation of follicular atresia in cattle and sheep. Among animal ovaries, CART mRNA was firstly found in the cattle ovaries. CART was localized in the antral follicles oocytes, granulosa and cumulus cells by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Further research found that secretion of E2 was inhibited in granulosa cells with a certain dose of CART, the effect depends on the stage of cell differentiation, sug- gesting that CART could play a crucial role in regulating follicle atresia. The objective …

Tree Species Richness Enhances Stand Productivity While Stand Structure Can Have Opposite Effects, Based On Forest Inventory Data From Germany And The United States Of America, Laura Zeller, Jingjing Liang, Hans Pretzsch

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: In recent studies, mixed forests were found to be more productive than monocultures with everything else remaining the same.

Methods: To find out if this productivity is caused by tree species richness, by a more heterogeneous stand structure or both, we analyzed the effects of forest structure and tree species richness on stand productivity, based on inventory data of temperate forests in the United States of America and Germany.

Results: Having accounted for effects such as tree size and stand density, we found that: (I) tree species richness increased stand productivity in both countries while the effect of tree …

A Comparison Study Of Quality Attributes Of Ground Beef And Veal Patties And Thermal Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 After Double Pan-Broiling Under Dynamic Conditions, Kawang Li, Amanda Gip Mckeith, Cangliang Shen, Russell Mckeith

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This study compared the quality variation and thermal inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in non-intact beef and veal. Coarse ground beef and veal patties (2.1 cm thick, 12.4 cm diameter, 180 g) inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, aerobically stored before double pan-broiling for 0–360 s without rest or to 55, 62.5, 71.1, and 76 ◦C (internal temperature) with 0.5- or 3.5-min rest. Microbial population and qualities including color, cooking losses, pH, water activity, fat, and moisture content, were tested. After cooking the beef and veal patties, the weight losses were 17.83–29%, the pH increased from 5.53–5.60 to 5.74–6.09, the moisture …

Genetic Assessment Of Inbred Chicken Lines Indicates Genomic Signatures Of Resistance To Marek's Disease, Lingyang Xu, Yanghua He, George E. Liu, Huanmin Zhang, Hans H. Cheng, Robert L. Taylor Jr, Jiuzhou Song

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Marek’s disease (MD) is a highly contagious pathogenic and oncogenic disease primarily affecting chickens. However, the mechanisms of genetic resistance for MD are complex and not fully understood. MD-resistant line 63 and MD-susceptible line 72 are two highly inbred progenitor lines of White Leghorn. Recombinant Congenic Strains (RCS) were developed from these two lines, which show varied susceptibility to MD.

Results: We investigated genetic structure and genomic signatures across the genome, including the line 63 and line 72, six RCSs, and two reciprocally crossed flocks between the lines 63 and 72 (F1 63 × 72 and F1 72 × …

Cultivate Spring/Summer 2018, Utah State University

Cultivate Magazine

No abstract provided.

Endophytic Bacillus Spp. From Medicinal Plants Inhibit Mycelial Growth Of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum And Promote Plant Growth, Waheda Rahman Ansary, Ferdous Rezwan Khan Prince, Effi Haque, Farzana Sultana, Helen M. West, Mahbubur Rahman, Abdul Mojid Mondol, Abdul Mannan Akanda, Mahfuz Rahman, Michele L. Clarke, Tofazzal Islam

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Plant growth-promoting bacteria that are also capable of suppressing plant pathogenic fungi play an important role in sustainable agriculture. There is a critical need for conducting research to discover, characterize and evaluate the efficacy of new strains of such bacteria in controlling highly aggressive plant pathogens. In this study, we isolated endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants of Bangladesh and evaluated their antagonistic capacity against an important phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Growth-promoting effects of those isolates on cucumber and rice seedlings were also assessed. Among 16 morphologically distinct isolates, BDR-2, BRtL-2 and BCL-1 significantly inhibited the growth of S. sclerotiorum …

Ua66/5 2018 Newsletter, Wku Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about WKU Agriculture.

Health Disparities Score Composite Of Youth And Parent Dyads From An Obesity Prevention Intervention: Icook 4-H, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Lisa Franzzen-Castle, Sarah E. Colby, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

iCook 4-H is a lifestyle intervention to improve diet, physical activity and mealtime behavior. Control and treatment dyads (adult primary meal preparer and a 9–10-year-old youth) completed surveys at baseline and 4, 12, and 24 months. A Health Disparity (HD) score composite was developed utilizing a series of 12 questions (maximum score = 12 with a higher score indicating a more severe health disparity). Questions came from the USDA short form U.S. Household Food Security Survey (5), participation in food assistance programs (1), food behavior (2), level of adult education completed (1), marital status (1), and race (1 adult and …

Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence In Students Attending West Virginia University, Melissa D. Olfert, Amanda Dent, Rachel A. Wattick

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Few studies have investigated the MetS risk of young adults (18–24 years old). This study aims to determine the prevalence of MetS in Appalachian and non-Appalachian students attending West Virginia University. The prevalence of MetS in this population was 15%. There was no difference in MetS prevalence between male students and female students (18.8% males and 11.1% females, p-value = 0.30), or between Appalachian students and non-Appalachian students (17.7% Appalachian and 10.0% non-Appalachian, p-value = 0.33). Identification of MetS early in life is …

Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling Of Students’ Dietary Intentions/Behaviors, Bmi, And The Healthfulness Of Convenience Stores, Tanya Horacek, Elif Dede Yildirim, Kendra Kattelmann, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Onikia Brown, Sarah Colby, Geoffrey Greene, Sharon Hoerr, Tandalayo Kidd, Mallory Koenings, Jesse Morrell, Melissa D. Olfert, Beatrice Phillips, Karla Shelnutt, Adrienne White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: When dietary behaviors are habitual, intentions are low, and environmental cues, such as the consumer food environment, might guide behavior. How might intentions to eat healthily and ultimately actual dietary behaviors, be influenced by the consumer food environment (including the availability and affordability of healthy foods) in convenience stores? This study will determine pathways between the healthfulness of convenience stores and college students’ dietary intentions/behaviors, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: Through multilevel structural equation modeling, a comparison was made of students’ healthful meal intentions (HMI); intake (fruits/vegetables, %kcal/fat, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and whole-grains); and measured BMI; as well …

Self-Reported Vs. Measured Height, Weight, And Bmi In Young Adults, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Camille M. Charlier, Oluremi A. Famodu, Wenjun Zhou, Anne E. Mathews, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Sarah E. Colby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Self-reported height and weight, if accurate, provide a simple and economical method to track changes in body weight over time. Literature suggests adults tend to under-report their own weight and that the gap between self-reported weight and actual weight increases with obesity. This study investigates the extent of discrepancy in self-reported height, weight, and subsequent Body Mass Index (BMI) versus actual measurements in young adults. Physically measured and self-reported height and weight were taken from 1562 students. Male students marginally overestimated height, while females were closer to target. Males, on average, closely self-reported weight. Self-reported anthropometrics remained statistically correlated to …

Cultivate Fall/Winter 2018, Utah State University

Cultivate Magazine

Bi-annual magazine for the College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences.