Digital Commons Network^™

Reducing Feed’S Environmental Footprint: Where Are The Opportunities?, Lara Moody

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Working with animal food industry members and stakeholders up- and down-stream in the supply chain, the Institute for Feed Education and Research (IFEEDER) developed a ‘Sustainability Road Map’ to support the U.S. animal food industry as it pursues continuous improvement on impacts important to industry members and their customers. For IFEEDER and the American Feed Industry Association (AFIA), sustainability is defined and managed by each individual organization to deliver measurable, continuous improvements on the impacts related to people, planet and governance that are most important to them and their stakeholders.

No Antibiotic Ever (Nae) Versus Conventional Broiler Production: It’S Complicated, Marcos H. Rostagno

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Broiler production has evolved significantly over the years to meet a constant growing demand for animal protein. Rooted on major advances in genetics, facilities and environmental conditions, management, and specially, in nutrition and health, the U.S. broiler industry improved tremendously in productivity and efficiency, clearly demonstrated by a marked reduction of the average market age (i.e., days to market), while significantly increasing average market weight, breast meat yield and feed efficiency (National Chicken Council, 2023). For decades, conventional broiler production was dominant, with extensive use of antibiotics to promote growth and manage disease challenges (prevention and control). However, concerns over …

Organic Trace Minerals In Environmentally Sustainable Systems, Sergio L. Vieira, Julmar C. Feijó, André Favero

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Essential trace minerals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and I) are traditionally included as supplements through mineral premixes in poultry feeds. In comparison to other essential nutrients, as well as energy, they are scarcely studied. The essentiality of a nutrient, by definition, refers to the nutrient role in normal body function, such as growth or egg production, and considers that they cannot be synthesized by the body and, therefore, must be supplied from the feed.

Application Of New Molecular Tools To Assess Virus Viability In Production Animals, Declan C. Schroeder

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Persistent viral infections routinely impose an inconvenient, always costly but thankfully not all too often catastrophic outcome on our modern food system. Managing viruses is key for all concerned if our objective is to meet the ever-growing demand to high-value animal protein. Whether it’s the impact influenza A virus (IAV) has on the avian or swine industries, Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) on the swine or Deformed wing virus (DWV) on honey bees in both the honey and pollinator sectors - the negative impact and damaging cost to the individual producer, country and global economy cannot be overstated.

A View Of Poultry Production In The Americas, Michael Donohue

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

The primary goal of the presentation is to share a long-term overview of how broiler production has changed over the last 35 years in areas of bird performance, production costs, particularly in the area of feed ingredient cost per lb. and illustrating how poultry nutritionists have adapted feed formulations to meet the changes in performance and cost.

Protein Enriched Bread Using Spent Wine Yeast, Zachary Christman

Applied Science Program: Theses

Yeast is a common byproduct of wine production. Wine yeast may be used as a food source. It does not contain bitter and astringent compounds such as those present in spent yeast from making beer The use of nutritional yeast and yeast extract for protein enrichment of bread are presented in this article.

Western Australian Sheep Producer Survey 2022, Janet Conte, Katherine Davies

Animal production and livestock published reports

The Western Australian Sheep Producer Survey is conducted to gather information on sheep enterprises and producer practices. It has now been conducted four times, in 2011, 2014, 2018 and 2022 with large random samples of sheep producers in the Medium Rainfall Zone (MRZ) and Cereal Sheep Zone (CSZ).

Some questions were included in all four surveys providing a chance to examine trends over time. Many of the results have remained stable over time giving some confidence that significant changes in survey responses are reflecting trends in the broader population of WA sheep producers.

Influence Of Capacity Building On Nutrition Sensitivity Of The Municipal Agriculture Development Plan In Calabarzon, Philippines, Kim Leonard G. Dela Luna, Maria Theresa M. Talavera, Leila S. Africa, Clarissa B. Juanico, Nancy A. Tandang, Marison Felicidad R. Dy

The Philippine Agricultural Scientist

To improve the nutrition sensitivity of the Municipal Agriculture Development Plan (MADP) of Calabarzon, a one-group pre-test post-test design quasi-experimental study was conducted involving the Local Agriculture Planners (LAP) of 57 municipalities in the region from March to December 2021. Wilcoxon Paired Signed Rank was used to determine significant differences in the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP and level of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of the LAP before and after the intervention. Binary logistic regression analysis was also performed to model the change in the level of the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP. The LAP's level of knowledge, attitude, and …

Science Of Hemp: Production And Pest Management Meeting Proceedings (2022)

Science of Hemp Annual Meeting

The third meeting of the Science of Hemp: Production and Pest Management held on November 3-4, 2022 at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, KY. Ninety-two agricultural scientists attended a series of scientific presentations. Topics included discipline-specific presentations in agronomy, entomology, horticulture, economics, and plant pathology, as well as general sessions. The abstracts for presentations and posters are included within this publication.

The Effects Of High Concentration Of Bicarbonate Applications On Kiwifruit Genotypes With Different Ploidy Levels On Some Growth Parameters Of Leaves, Zeynab Alizadeh, Mahmood Ghasemnezhad, Mahmood Fazeli Sangani, Ari̇f Atak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The high concentration of bicarbonate ion ( HCO₃-) in irrigation water or soil is a limiting factor for the growth and production of kiwifruit vineyards. Especially the high concentration of bicarbonate in irrigation water can cause negative effects on the development of many plants at different rates. In this study, the effects of different concentrations (0, 170, 350, and 550 mg L-1) of bicarbonate ion (HCO₃-) in irrigation water on six kiwifruit seedlings (DA1, DA2, CK1, CK2, CK3, AA) were studied in the greenhouse condition. The six kiwifruit seedlings used in the study belong to a total of 3 different …

Foliar Application Of Graphene Oxide, Nano-Fe, And Selenium Mitigates Salinity Depression On Ocimum Basilicum, Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani, Mohammad Bagher Hassanpouraghdam, Farzad Rasouli, Zühal Okcu, Romina Alina Marc

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity stress and foliar applications of graphene oxide, nano-Fe, and selenium on basil’s growth and physiological responses. The results revealed that the treatments affected plant dry weight, essential oil, and malondialdehyde content, relative water content as well as hydrogen peroxide, proline, sodium, iron, and phosphorus content, and sodium to potassium ratio. The highest plant dry weight and essential oil content were recorded under no-salinity and 50 mM salinity × iron nanoparticle foliar use, while 100 mM salinity stress with no foliar spraying increased the levels of malondialdehyde, sodium content, and sodium-to-potassium …

Assessing The Cooking And Quality Traits Diversity In The Seeds Of Faba Bean Germplasm, Yeter Çi̇lesi̇z, Muhammad Azhar Nadeem, Nevci̇han Gürsoy, Razi̇ye Kul, Tolga Karaköy

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Faba bean is protein-enriched legume crop consumed in the form of pods, and cooked seeds and is a part of the traditional food of many Mediterranean countries. It shows variations in its phenotypes, especially in seed size and color. Therefore, it is very important to investigate faba bean genotypes having less cooking time. Keeping this in view, a total of 399 faba bean accessions including three commercial varieties were obtained from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) and Aegean Agricultural Research Institute National Gene Bank for the investigation of cooking traits variations. The field experiments were …

The Effects Of Malt Flours Obtained From Different Cereals On Flour And Bread Quality, Mehmet Murat Karaoğlu, Gül Seda Rei̇s, Yeşi̇m Bedi̇r

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, firstly, enzyme-active malt flours were obtained from different germinated grains including wheat, barley, rye, triticale, millet, maize, rice, and oat. Next, these enzyme-active malt flours and commercial enzyme were added to bread wheat flour in a level that provides the same amylolytic activity and their effects on bread quality were investigated. The germination process significantly increased the amylolytic enzyme activity in grains but also caused a significant change in L*, a*, and b* color values. Among flours containing different malt flours, the lowest delayed Zeleny sedimentation value was determined in flour containing paddy malt, while the highest …

Hybridization And Metaxenial Effects On Biochemical Attributes And Hybrid Development In Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Hillawi. Cultivar, Maryam Maryam, Muhammad Jafar Jaskani, Ishtiaq Ahmad, Muhammad Nafees, Hayat Ali Alafari, Sajid Fiaz, Sana Fatima, Rashid Iqbal, Dalal S. Alsyaha, Kotb Attia, Areej S. Jalal, Muhammad Uzair

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Date palm (2n = 36) is a monocotyledonous, dioecious plant, which belongs to the family Arecaceae. Pollens are the primary source of diversity and improvement in quality, yield, ripening time, and size. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the differential behavior of nine pollen sources, collected from different locations, upon pollination with date palm female cultivar Hillawi. Metaxenia effect of pollen grains on the maternal tissues of fruits was carried out at khalal stage, whereas the seeds obtained from these fruits were planted in a nursery for hybrid confirmation. Biochemical characteristics; proximate analysis; individual sugar (sucrose, glucose, and fructose), total …

Different Doses Of Cadmium In Soil Negatively Impact Growth, Plant Mineral Homeostasis And Antioxidant Defense Of Mung Bean Plants, Fahad Mohammed Alzuaibr

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Heavy metal (HM) pollution of soil has become a gigantic issue across the globe. Metals enter the food chain and cause problems in plants, animals, and humans. We performed this work to evaluate the impacts of different cadmium (Cd) levels on growth, physiology, mineral nutrition, and yield attributes of Vigna radiata. Changes in growth fund are statistically significant and directly linked with an increase in Cd doses. Various concentrations of cadmium exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) vicissitudes in biochemical parameters such as in the contents of chlorophyll, amino acids, soluble proteins, and total soluble sugars in experimental plants. The shoot …

In Vitro Propagation Of Cydonia Oblonga Cv. Esme, Melekber Sülüşoğlu Durul, Tülay Korana Aktaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Quince (Cydonia oblonga) is a pome fruit belonging to the Rosaceae family and is produced in temperate climates. The popularity of quince fruit is increasing year by year. It is likely to become a highly popular fruit in the near future. Quince fruit and its leaves are rich in bioactive compounds. In addition to providing significant health benefits, different parts of the plant are an important source of raw materials, with applications in the health and pharmaceutical sectors. Micropropagation is a methodology that shortens the time required for sapling material propagation in the field and allows for the breeding of …

Genome-Wide Association Studies Revealed Dartseq Loci Associated With Seed Traits In Turkish Common Bean Germplasm, Muhammad Azhar Nadeem, Faheem Shahzad Baloch

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Seed traits are very important agronomic traits that contribute significantly into crop yield and are considered useful indicators to monitor the inheritance of quantitative traits influenced by genotype and environmental conditions. To investıgate genomic regions useful for breeding high-yielding and highly nutritious common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars, a mini core collection of Turkish common bean germplasm was screened under five environments and two locations for seed traits (seed width, seed yield/plant (SYP), and hundred seed weight). The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) across the environments revealed significant effects of genotypes and genotype by environment interaction (G × E) …

Characterization Of Nacl Stress In Young Bismarckia Palm (Bismarckia Nobilis), Muhammad Afzal Naeem, Iqra Hanif, Midrar Ullah, Muhammad Hassaan Khan, Tahmina Nazish

Journal of Bioresource Management

Salinity is a major problem caused by the accretion of excess salts composites in the form of ions like sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺) and chloride (Cl^-). The possible out-turns of the salinity on the morphology; physiology and biochemical variables of bismarckia palm (Bismarckia nobilis) were investigated in this study. The seedlings of bismarckia palm were grown in pots and periodically irrigated with various concentrations of NaCl solution to assess the various biological variables at the regular intervals. The experiment was performed by following the …

Shortening Harvest Interval, Reaping Benefits? A Study On Harvest Practices In Oil Palm Smallholder Farming Systems In Indonesia, Rosanne E. De Vos, Lisa Nurfalah, Fatima A. Tenorio, Ya Li Lim, Juan Pablo Monzon, Christopher R. Donough, Hendra Sugianto, Asri A. Dwiyahreni, Nurul L. Winarni, Nadia Mulani, Gilang Ramadhan, Muhammad Ali Imran, Antonius P. Tito, Pandu Sulistiawan, Muhammad Khoirul, Rana Farrasati, Iput Pradiko, Patricio Grassini, Maja Slingerland

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

CONTEXT: Smallholders are responsible for a large share of global palm oil production. Yet, in Indonesia, the main palm oil producing country, smallholders’ yields remain low. Better management practices, including short harvest interval (HI, the number of days between two harvest rounds), could help to raise smallholder yields. However, at present, HI is long in smallholder fields and the drivers underlying this phenomenon are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE: We explored agronomic, socio-economic, and institutional factors that underlie harvesting practices in independent oil palm smallholder farming systems in Indonesia to assess scope for sustainable intensification through shorter HI and reduced …

Katanning Research Station Showcase: Projects And Initiatives, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Animal production and livestock research reports

An overview of current projects run from Katanning Research Station.

Katanning Research Station is a sheep, pasture and cropping research hub. The digital agriculture technologies and management systems are designed to lift productivity and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The research includes the:

• genetics (breeding values) of feed intake efficiency in sheep
• impact of feed supplements and forage combinations on methane production of sheep
• evaluation of novel pasture species to develop livestock systems of green feed year round
• saltland rehabilitation program that aims to halt and reverse salinity (surface water management and groundwater drainage), and provide out-of-season feed (the planting of …

Black Experiences With Community Gardening In Southeast Louisiana, Kiarah Craft

LSU Master's Theses

Community gardens have been rising in popularity over the past few years (Mayers, 2023). In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many people across the United States have decided that it is crucial to grow their own food and develop sustainability within their community. Historically, Black communities have been underserved and ignored, especially in relation to food security and community safety (White, 2019, Penniman, 2018). The purpose of this study was to collect information about the effects of community-based gardening programs on Black people in Southeast Louisiana. Additionally, the researcher would like to gain knowledge regarding the reasons that Black people …

Targeted Sequencing Of The Panicum Miliaceum Gene Space And Genotyping Of Variant Sites From Population Genetics Studies, Combined In A Single Assay, As A Tool For Broomcorn Millet Assisted Breeding, Gabriele Magris, Serena Foria, Silvano Ciani, Dipak K. Santra, Ombretta Polenghi, Virna Cerne, Michele Morgante, Gabriele Di Gaspero

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a prehistorical cereal, today cultivated as a minor crop with low yields but with a renewed interest for its high water use effciency and gluten-free grains. To reverse the downward trend in broomcorn millet cultivation, the crop needs genetic improvement and creation of novel genetic variation to increase productivity. In order to facilitate genomics-assisted breeding, we designed a reduced representation genome-sequencing assay that investigates 1.8% of the nuclear DNA in a targeted and reproducible way, with an intensity of genomic sampling that is a direct function of local recombination rate. We used this …

Indigenous Lakadong Turmeric Of Meghalaya And Its Future Prospects, Manjit Kumar Ray, Dipak K. Santra, Piyush Kumar Mishra, Saurav Das

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has long been used in traditional Indian medicine. India accounts for 80% of total global turmeric production. Lakadong turmeric gets its name from the tiny village of Lakadong, which is located in the foothills of the Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, India. It is known for having a high curcumin content of more than 7%, as opposed to 2 - 4% in regular varieties. The tribes of this region brought Lakadong turmeric from the forest and domesticated it for medicinal purposes centuries ago. Growth in local coal industries and a gradual decline in the market have …

Effect Of Cutting Management On The Forage Production And Quality Of Tepary Bean (Phaseolus Acutifolius A. Gray), Travis W. Witt, Brian K. Northup, Timothy G. Porch, Santos Barrera, Carlos A. Urrea

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is an underutilized drought tolerant annual legume, originating from the Sonoran Desert, that may be a beneficial forage/hay for beef cattle in the Southern Great Plains of the US (SGP). The SGP has erratic rainfall and periods of intermittent drought exacerbated by high summer temperatures. In 2020 and 2021, a split-plot design was used to evaluate 13 genotypes of tepary bean and a forage soybean (control) at El Reno, OK, USA to compare production of plant biomass and forage nutritive value parameters under seven harvest regimes. Genotypes were used as the main plot …

Assessing The Effectiveness Of Agricultural Extension Advice On Household Food Consumption And Food Security Outcomes In Malawi, Mphatso Chinsinga

Theses and Dissertations

My study examined the influence of agricultural extension advice on household food consumption and food security outcomes in Malawi. I utilized a pooled cross-sectional dataset from the Malawi Integrated Household Survey (IHS) and Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS) conducted in 2010, 2013, 2016, and 2019. To identify the effects, multivariate linear and logistic regression models were employed, considering various factors and incorporating fixed effects for survey wave, district, and data collection month. My findings revealed heterogeneity in the impacts of agricultural extension advice on food consumption and food security outcomes. Specifically, the results showed a positive correlation between agricultural extension …

Evaluation Of Heat Abatement Use, Vaginal Temperature, And Activity Of Pregnant, Lactating Holstein Cows Housed On Pasture With Or Without The Choice Between Shade And Sprinklers For Heat Abatement., Kevin M. Braman

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis was to determine how pregnant, lactating Holstein cows on pasture interact with shade and sprinklers when offered a choice or no-choice between methods. Authors hypothesized that cows would use shade more then sprinklers, but sprinklers would be more effective at cooling cows. Additionally, authors predicted cows using shade more would have decreased lying bouts and steps and an increase in time lying, compared to cows choosing sprinkler. Results indicate cows will use both methods when offered alone or together. However, cows will choose to be exposed or in shade at lower temperature humidity index values, …

Investigating Specialty Crop Farmers’ Preferences For Contract Design And Attitudes Towards Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts, Esther Mmenaa Agyemang-Duah

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines small and medium scale specialty crop growers’ preferences for marketing contract attributes and willingness to adopt blockchain-based smart contracts. The data used were collected using an online survey and discrete choice experiment. Findings indicate that farmers prefer higher average prices, cash, check or electronic bank payment over cryptocurrency, and immediate payment upon product delivery over delayed payment. When choosing a contract, farmers viewed traditional text-based contracts and digital platforms with automated smart contracts equivalently, on average. On average, farmers showed no preference for providing and not providing traceability lot codes to buyers, and between choosing a contract …

Integrating Weed-Suppressive Cotton Chromosome Substitution Lines And Cover Crops For Sustainable Weed Management In Cotton Production Systems., Alyssa Lea Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Weeds pose a challenge to cotton production, and herbicides have been the primary means of control. However, there is growing concern over weed resistance to herbicides. To address this issue, we evaluated three cover crop species and six cotton accessions for weed suppression. The study found that hairy vetch, wheat, and B16 cotton CS line effectively suppressed Amaranthus species, while MNTN 4-15, B16, hairy vetch, and wheat were correlated with the highest cotton yield. Cover crops were also analyzed for chlorogenic acid content, with wheat, MNTN 4-15, and hairy vetch producing the highest amounts. The greenhouse tray study showed that …

Advancing Poultry Nutrition Through Statistical Strategies To Reduce Experimental Variation And Novel Protease Enzyme Research, Caleb Morgan Marshall

Theses and Dissertations

Increasingly, nutritionists are challenged to optimize broiler genetic capacity, while considering varying ingredient qualities and pricing, to meet production goals and profitability. Due to scale and cost, university and private research is often used by nutritionists to help make these decisions; thus, requiring these facilities to detect small, incremental improvements. In Chapters 1 and 2, processing data from several nutrition research trials were utilized to evaluate the impact of processing personnel, sample size, and unit of analysis on the detection of dietary differences. By accounting for potential variability between personnel (as a covariant) and selecting an adequate sample size for …

Upland Cotton And Nematodes: An Analysis Of Historical Resistance, Upcoming Threats, And Co-Inoculation Effects, Amanda Gaudin

Theses and Dissertations

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum ) is an important fiber crop grown throughout the southern United States. Plant-pathogenic nematodes are worm-like animals that feed on the roots of most agronomic crops, including cotton. The southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita, RKN) and the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis, RN) cause significant yield losses in cotton every year. Current sources of resistance are effective but limited, therefore historical screenings of cotton accessions were revisited in search for novel resistance sources. None were identified but many of the screened accessions possessed markers of known root-knot nematode and reniform nematode resistance. …