Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Tall Fescue And Lactate Dehydrogenase Genetic Polymorphisms On Dairy Heifer Growth And Immune Function, Rachel Henry, Marites Sales, Charles Rosenkrans Jr.

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Objectives of this project were to evaluate polymorphisms in upstream elements of the lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) gene in crossbred dairy heifers (n = 27) and their effects on immune function and heifer growth when grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue. Two cultivars of tall fescue were utilized: Kentucky 31 (KY31), a wild-type endophyte-infected tall fescue, and HiMag 4 (HiMag), a domesticated non-toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue. Crossbred dairy heifers (Holstein × Jersey) were stratified by weight and randomly allotted to forage. The LDHB gene codes for one subunit of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an enzyme that catalyzes pyruvate to lactate and back to …

Photo Composition, Stephen Sagers, Ron Patterson

All Current Publications

Photography is the art of capturing an image with a camera to produce satisfying artwork. There are several elements that go into a well-composed photograph.

Reproduction And Immune Impacts From Vitamin Or Mineral Deficiencies: Determining If Your Herd Is Deficient, Kerry A. Rood

All Current Publications

This publication describes ways to determine vitamin or mineral deficiencies in cattle herds.

How A Lagoon Works For Livestock Wastewater Treatment, Rhonda Miller, Jennifer Major, Penny Trinca

All Current Publications

This publication discusses various types of lagoons and how they work as livestock wastewater treatment.

Moisture Control Methodology For Gas Phase Compost Biofilters, Lucas Dutra De Melo

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

Gas phase biofilters are used for controlling odors from animal facilities. Some characteristics can affect their performance and moisture content is one very important. A methodology for controlling and measuring moisture content is required to optimize these systems. An experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate placement of a set of soaker hoses 1.2 m in length for water application. It was found that the soaker hose installed in the lower region of the biofilter coupled with appropriate and timely application of water was able to minimize drying of the compost. Thermal conductance proved to be a reliable indicator for …

Overcoming The Obstacles To Sustainability In Ghana, Ashley M. Scott

CMC Senior Theses

For several decades following its independence from Great Britain, Ghana’s policies continued to promote over-extraction of natural resources to the detriment of its economy and rural communities.  Agricultural and forestry policy has gradually evolved to foster more sustainable and equitable practices, as in building partnerships with the private sector to fund infrastructure improvements.  Policy has recently recognized the dire need to adopt agricultural practices and means of forest resource extraction that are compatible with ecological stewardship.  However, many shortcomings are still apparent.  Large logging operations completely disregard forestry regulations with impunity, whereas rural sustenance extractors are severely punished in the …

Characterizing Potential Sustainable Energy Feedstocks, Jesse George Thompson

Dissertations

Trap grease offers a promising and less expensive alternative to food grade vegetable oils for biodiesel production, but its commercial marketability could be affected by its intense and offensive odor. Identification, quantitation and eventual elimination of the odorant compounds are vital challenges that need to be addressed before commercialization can be achieved. A rapid method using HS-SPME and GC/MS was developed in this study to identify and quantify the major volatile odorant compounds present in trap grease. The main odorant compounds were identified as short chain free fatty acids (SC-FFA) from C₄ - C₁₀.

Sensory evaluations by …

Modelling The Effect Of Asparaginase In Reducing Acrylamide Formation In Biscuits, Monica Anese, Barbara Quarta, Jesus Maria Frias

Articles

The influence of asparaginase on acrylamide formation, as well as colour development, in short dough biscuits was studied. In particular, asparaginase concentration, incubation time and temperature were changed according to an experimental design. As acrylamide formation was found to vary significantly between biscuits obtained by using the same ingredients and process, a mixed effect model was used to model variation of acrylamide concentration. By contrast a fixed effect model was used for colour polynomial analysis. Within the range of study, the overall results allowed the best conditions for minimising acrylamide formation to be found. It can be suggested that acrylamide …

Comparisons Between Educational Map Software Displaying Soil Data, Laura A. Kocur

Department of Computer Graphics Technology Degree Theses

The use of technology in the classroom is becoming more widespread, and the area of agronomy is no different. Utilization of various mapping technology is more common in instructional components in the classroom, although the impacts of software usability have not yet been explored. Maps available over the Internet are identified as an area in which usability is not known, nor are there any fixed standards or conventions to govern the display of them. The recently developed mapping prototype is intended to increase accessibility to map data used in class, as well as make it easier to use the data. …

Induction Of B Cell Responses Upon Experimental Infection Of Neonatal Calves With Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Judith R. Stabel, John Bannantine, Shigetoshi Eda, Suelee Robbe-Austerman

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine if experimental infection of neonatal calves with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis would invoke changes in the percentages of total B cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell population and of subpopulations of B cells as determined by CD5, CD25, and CD45RO markers during a 12-month period. Experimental infection groups included control (noninfected), oral (infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strain K-10), oral/DXM (pretreatment with dexamethasone before oral inoculation), i.p. (intraperitoneal inoculation), and oral/M (oral inoculation with mucosal scrapings from a cow with clinical disease) groups. Over the course of the study, the …

Letter From The Dean, Michael Vayda

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Novel Gene Silencing Vector For Plant Genomics And Biotechnology, Dustin Hoover, Scott Nicholson, Vibha Srivastava

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Gene silencing is a process of suppressing activity of specific genes by producing “interfering” RNA encoded by foreign genes. This process serves as the principle of genetic modification in plants and animals, which is an important tool in genomics and biotechnology, allowing scientists to manipulate organisms to better meet human demands. New approaches of gene silencing may enable improvements on current practices of genetic modification, and broaden the application and impact of gene silencing in biotechnology. Recently, a novel vector design consisting of the transcription of short gene fragments lacking transcription termination signals was demonstrated to be effective in partial …

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Monoclonal Antibodies Bind A Snp-Sensitive Epitope That Is Present Uniquely In Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis, John Bannantine, Judith R. Stabel, Elise A. Lamont, Robert E. Briggs, Srinand Sreevatsan

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Due to a close genetic relatedness, there is no known antibody that detects Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), which causes Johne’s disease in cattle and sheep, and does not cross-react with other M. avium subspecies. In the present study, a monoclonal antibody (MAb; 17A12) was identified from mice immunized with a cell membrane fraction of MAP strain K-10. This antibody is 100% specific as it detected a 25-kDa protein in all 29 MAP whole cell lysates, but did not bind to any of the 29 non- paratuberculosis strains tested in immunoblot assays. However, the antibody revealed variable reactivity levels in …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2011), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Introducing iGrow: New Web Portal Brings Information To One Location
[Page] 4 Crops, Cattle & Much More: Opportunities Farm Cultivates Research, Teaching And Scholarships
[Page] 7 College News
[Page] 8 Funding Fundamentals: Budget Cuts Have Far-Reaching Impact
[Page] 10 The Value Extension: Three Producers Share How They've Benefited [Page] 12 A Vision for Precision: Gregg Carlson Has Helped Guide Agronomy
[Page] 13 A Boost for Beginning Beef Producers: Training Program Offered Through USDA Grant
[Page] 14 Ethanol's Evolution: Promising New Research Goes Beyond Corn
[Page] 16 New Era for Cereal Grains: Seed Technology Lab Inspires Innovation
[Page] 18 …

Restoration Of Tall Fescue Pastures To Native Warm Season Grasslands: Does A Fungal Endophyte Symbiosis Play A Role In Restoration Success?, Sarah Lynn Hall

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Tall fescue, a cool-season grass native to Europe, central Asia, and northern Africa, has been widely distributed throughout the U.S. for use as turf and forage. Following its widespread planting, its ability to associate with a toxic fungal endophyte, Neotyphodium coenophialum, was discovered. Research has linked this fescue-endophyte association with increased biotic and abiotic stress resistance in endophyte-infected (E+) versus endophyte-free (E-) plants, and these differences may affect the ability of land managers to eradicate tall fescue and restore native grasslands. I conducted three studies to examine whether E+ tall fescue plants respond differently to management than E- plants, …

The Composition And Origins Of Genomic Variation Among Individuals Of The Soybean Reference Cultivar Williams 82, William J. Haun, D. L. Hyten, Wayne W. Xu, Daniel J. Gerhardt, Thomas J. Albert, Todd Richmond, Jeffrey A. Jeddeloh, Gaofeng Jia, Nathan M. Springer, Carroll P. Vance, Robert M. Stupar

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean (Glycine max) is a self-pollinating species that has relatively low nucleotide polymorphism rates compared with other crop species. Despite the low rate of nucleotide polymorphisms, a wide range of heritable phenotypic variation exists. There is even evidence for heritable phenotypic variation among individuals within some cultivars. Williams 82, the soybean cultivar used to produce the reference genome sequence, was derived from backcrossing a Phytophthora root rot resistance locus from the donor parent Kingwa into the recurrent parent Williams. To explore the genetic basis of intracultivar variation, we investigated the nucleotide, structural, and gene content variation of different …

Achieving Real Development Impact Among Pastoralists: Lessons From Ethiopia, D. Layne Coppock

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Character Education And 4-H Youth Development, Jessica Lynn Mullins

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Character education assumes responsibility for influencing and educating youth on morals, values, beliefs and positive character attributes in order to influence them into being positive and contributing members of society. Character education is most often taught in the home, schools and community. One community organization that integrates character education into its programming is 4-H Youth Development. The purpose of this research is to view the relationships between character education and 4-H, and more so whether Kentucky 4-H programs influence the knowledge, attitudes and practices of positive character among youth leaders. This study also looked at length of 4-H involvement and …

Analysis Of The Performance Of Peanut Fame In A Single Cylinder Idi Engine And Investigations Of Neat Methyl Ester Influence On Fuel Quality, Jeffery Lewis

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Author's abstract: To meet evolving standards set forth by the U.S. EPA and U.S. Energy Policy it is necessary to consider a variety of feedstock for biofuels synthesis and to understand the role individual fatty acids contribute to the overall performance. It is the belief of the authors that excess peanut production would provide an excellent source for high quality biodiesel feedstock, and the complete property and combustion analysis of the fatty acid components will provide insight for future biofuel developments. The preliminary investigations of the project focused on the combustion performance and thermal efficiency of peanut FAME and its …

In Response To Need, A History Of The Western Australian Department Of Agriculture - 1894 To 2008, E N. Fitzpatrick

Books & book chapters

The department was not always such a significant organisation; it came from very small beginnings. However, it has been a major component of the engine which has produced an agricultural industry in a Mediterranean climate zone which is superior to all others operating in this zone. This book is a summary of its work. There are many more fascinating chapters to be recorded of work on specific issues of development, investigation or conservation. I hope they will be written by someone one day. With this in mind the department has decided to put the book on a web page where …

Nutrient Management Record Keeping Calendar, July 2011-December 2012, Leslie J. Johnson, Charles Shapiro, Charles Wortmann, Chris G. Henry, Larry Howard, Tamilee D. Nennich

Nebraska Cooperative Extension: Faculty and Staff Publications

Records for Nebraska Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations

Record the initials of the person performing the inspection each time. Check marks will not satisfy the record-keeping requirements.

Record any maintenance and/or repairs.

Correct all deficiencies within 30 days.

Western Australia's Biosecurity, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Department Of Environment And Conservation, Western Australia, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia, Forest Products Commission, Western Australia

Biosecurity published reports

Biosecurity is the protection of the economy, environment and human health from the negative impacts of pests, weeds and diseases, including the management of invasive species if they become established (definition adopted by AusBIOSEC).

This requires steps to prevent the entry of harmful organisms, as well as the timely and efficient management of them if they do enter.

Biosecurity threats range from catastrophic diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease, which causes rapid and widespread animal deaths, to more subtle and slower spreading problems such as invasive weeds, mussels that foul vessel hulls and fungus-induced dieback disease of trees. These …

Potential Of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) As A Biological Control Agent Against The Cabbage Maggot Delia Radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) In Oilseed Rape, İsmai̇l Alper Susurluk

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae have considerable potential as biological control agents against soil-inhabiting insect pests. In the present study, the potential of Steinernema feltiae as a biological control agent against cabbage maggot (CM) Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), persistence of the nematode in areas infested by CM larvae, and foraging behavior of the nematode toward CM and/or oilseed rape roots were examined in the laboratory. The results of the laboratory experiment showed that more than 80% control was achieved against the last instars of D. radicum. Steinernema feltiae persisted in the soil in high numbers for 12 …

Moving Micronutrients From The Soil To The Seeds: Genes And Physiological Processes From A Biofortification Perspective, Brian M. Waters, Renuka P. Sankaran

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The micronutrients iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) are essential for plants and the humans and animals that consume plants. Increasing the micronutrient density of staple crops, or biofortification, will greatly improve human nutrition on a global scale. This review discusses the processes and genes needed to translocate micronutrients through the plant to the developing seeds, and potential strategies for developing biofortified crops.

Switchgrass Contains Two Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenases Involved In Lignin Formation, Aaron J. Saathoff, Christian M. Tobias, Scott E. Sattler, Eric J. Haas, Paul Twigg, Gautam Sarath

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Lignin content of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a bioenergy species, is a critical determinant of biomass quality since it can negatively impact conversion of biomass into liquid fuels via biochemical platforms. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis. Here, we have shown that cv. Kanlow switchgrass contains at least two closely related CAD genes (PviCAD1 and PviCAD2) that code for proteins containing highly conserved domains and residues that identify them as bona fide CADs. Both recombinant proteins displayed substrate kinetics consistent with their presumed role in cell wall lignification. Proteomic and immunoblotting detected …

Influence Of Fan Operation On Fan Assessment Numeration System (Fans) Test Results, Gabriela Munhoz Morello

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The use of velocity traverses to measure in-situ air flow rate of ventilation fans can be subject to significant errors. The Fan Assessment Numeration System (FANS) was developed by the USD-ARS Southern Poultry Research Laboratory and refined at the University of Kentucky to measure air flow of fans in-situ. The procedures for using the FANS unit to test fans in-situ are not completely standardized. This study evaluated the effect of operating fan positions relative to the FANS unit for ten 1.22 m diameter fans in two types of poultry barns, with fans placed immediately next to each other and …

Genetic Analysis Of Preharvest Sprouting Tolerance In Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L. Emend. Thell.), Cemal Yücel, Faheem Shehzad Baloch, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu, Hakan Özkan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Rains during grain ripening in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can cause preharvest sprouting (PHS), which drastically affects the grain yield and the baking quality of flour. In the present study, to screen 7 cultivars and 4 lines of spring bread wheat for PHS, germination tests were conducted with seeds obtained from wet spikes harvested immediately after natural rainfall. Germination tests were carried out as 3 different treatments: 1) seeds immediately germinated after hand-threshing on sampling day (T_1), 2) seeds germinated 1 week later after hand-threshing (T_2), and 3) 10 intact spikes kept on paper under laboratory conditions at room temperature, …

Determination Of The Effect Of Biodiesel Use On Power Take-Off Performance Characteristics Of An Agricultural Tractor In A Test Laboratory, Ali̇ Aybek, Emrullah Başer, Selçuk Arslan, Mustafa Üçgül

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Tractor performance tests conducted under laboratory test conditions are important because these tests determine the performance characteristics used to compare strengths and weaknesses of tractors. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of diesel fuel (B0) and 3 different biodiesel blends made of canola oil (B10, B20, B30) on tractor power take-off (PTO) performance characteristics. Performance characteristics studied were PTO power, engine torque, engine fuel consumption, and specific fuel consumption on an agricultural tractor (Massey Ferguson 3056 2WD) at the test laboratory of the Directorate of Agricultural Machinery Test Center (TAMTEST), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, …

Effects Of Nitrogen And Harvesting Time On Chemical Composition Of Biomass Of Sudan Grass, Fodder Sorghum, And Their Hybrid, Dorde Glamoclija, Snezana Jankovic, Sveto Rakic, Radojka Maletic, Jela Ikanovic, Zeljko Lakic

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The subject of this study is 2-year variability research (2007 and 2008) of the chemical composition of naturally dried biomass samples of 3 different sorghum species, which are widely used in the southeast Balkans. Samples of Sudan grass Zora, fodder sorghum NS-Dzin, and their hybrid Siloking were examined based on the quantity of used nitrogen and the harvest time. Plants were grown in the experimental field of Radmilovac (property of the Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade) in a randomized block, split-split plot design with 3 replications for 2 years. Naturally dried biomass with the highest amount of total proteins was …