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Nebraska Statewide Forest Action Plan - 2015, Scott Josiah, John Erixson Jan 2015

Nebraska Statewide Forest Action Plan - 2015, Scott Josiah, John Erixson

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

The Nebraska Forest Action Plan identifies strategic goals based on national objectives collaboratively crafted by both the National Association of State Foresters and the USFS State & Private Forestry Program. The strategic goals and actions identified in this document serve as a blueprint for focusing private, state and federal resources in areas of Nebraska where they will be most effective.

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Coastal Environmental Policies And Water: Environmental Values In Ghana And Senegal, Molly R. Loftus Jan 2015

Coastal Environmental Policies And Water: Environmental Values In Ghana And Senegal, Molly R. Loftus

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis provides a comparative analysis of the environmental values present in Ghana’s and Senegal’s coastal regions, and the implications that those have for the surrounding environment. The countries approaches to urban farming, mining and oil and gas extraction, fishing, marine debris and municipal waste management are assessed in order to reach a greater understanding of these environmental issues. In undertaking this thesis, I attempted to draw a correlation between the handling of these issues and how people perceive their environment. Through the comparison of environmental degradation and the level of effort to achieve a more sustainable developmental framework in …

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Implementing Sustainable Literacy In Grand Rapids, Mi, Joe Neikirk, Hannah Swanson, Sam Blumer Jan 2015

Implementing Sustainable Literacy In Grand Rapids, Mi, Joe Neikirk, Hannah Swanson, Sam Blumer

LIB 322: Wicked Problems of Sustainability

Recognizing the dimensions and complexity of wicked problems, Phoenix Farms has decided to address the issue of sustainable illiteracy in Western Michigan. With a goal to work with local stakeholders, we have partnered with Sonder Farms in order to develop advertisements and classes aimed to raise awareness about, and interest in, sustainability. This partnership with Sonder Farms, a self-sustaining farm located in the Grand Rapids and Allendale communities, has given us the opportunity to put our skills, knowledge, and values to use in our local community. Sonder Farms practices conventional farming as well as aquaponics. Their hope is to target …

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Nitrogen Release And Disease Suppressive Activity Of Four Compost Amendments On Three Vegetable Farms, Lori Hoagland, Elizabeth Maynard, Dan Egel, Natasha Cerruti, Jeff Evard, Ben Nava, Steve Spencer Jan 2015

Nitrogen Release And Disease Suppressive Activity Of Four Compost Amendments On Three Vegetable Farms, Lori Hoagland, Elizabeth Maynard, Dan Egel, Natasha Cerruti, Jeff Evard, Ben Nava, Steve Spencer

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.

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Bumpers College Students In Action, Discovery Editors Jan 2015

Bumpers College Students In Action, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Pack Factor Measurements For Corn In Grain Storage Bins, Rumela Bhadra, Aaron P. Turner, Mark E. Casada, Michael D. Montross, Sidney A. Thompson, Josephine M. Boac, Samuel G. Mcneill, Ronaldo G. Maghirang Jan 2015

Pack Factor Measurements For Corn In Grain Storage Bins, Rumela Bhadra, Aaron P. Turner, Mark E. Casada, Michael D. Montross, Sidney A. Thompson, Josephine M. Boac, Samuel G. Mcneill, Ronaldo G. Maghirang

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Shelled yellow corn is commonly stored in concrete or corrugated steel bins. Granular materials compact under their own weight, primarily due to particle rearrangement, leading to an increase in bulk density and a change in volume when stored. Reliable grain pack factors are needed to estimate storage capacities and to accurately monitor grain inventories. A science-based model (WPACKING) of pack factors is available that uses the differential form of Janssen's equation and takes into account the variation in density caused by pressure variation with height and moisture content of the grain and accounts for the effects of grain type, test …

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Invasiveness Of An Exotic Gall Wasp Is Influenced By Interactions With Exotic And Endemic Organisms, Ignazio Graziosi Jan 2015

Invasiveness Of An Exotic Gall Wasp Is Influenced By Interactions With Exotic And Endemic Organisms, Ignazio Graziosi

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

American chestnut was once a crucial component of North American forests, but it was functionally eliminated by the introduction of the chestnut blight fungus. Chestnut is recently experiencing resurgence, but the introduced Asian chestnut gall wasp, a specialist herbivore, threatens chestnut recovery. I characterized this invasion and the interactions developing with host associates as the gall wasp spread in North America. Gall wasp dispersal is attributable to host plant distribution, effects of prevailing winds during adult insect emergence, and to topography. This knowledge may be useful to more accurately predict locations of future gall wasp infestations. Gall wasp invasiveness is …

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Mechanical Exclusion And Biological Control Strategies For The Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha Halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Rachelyn Dobson Jan 2015

Mechanical Exclusion And Biological Control Strategies For The Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha Halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Rachelyn Dobson

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

The brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) is an invasive, agriculturally destructive pest present in most of the United States. Because organic farmers have few effective control options to combat this pest, three potential control options were investigated. Screens of different mesh sizes (0.42cm, 0.32cm, and 0.10cm) that covered vegetable crops were evaluated for their ability to exclude H. halys, allow the entry of beneficial insects, and protect the crop from various types of damage. H. halys and native stink bug egg masses were placed in an organic field and evidence of predation and parasitism from native …

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New Insights Into The Function And Development Of The Soldier Caste In Termites, Li Tian Jan 2015

New Insights Into The Function And Development Of The Soldier Caste In Termites, Li Tian

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

The evolution of nonreproductive castes is a defining characteristic of eusociality. The function and developmental regulation of the altruistic worker and soldier caste is the central element contributing to major advantages of eusociality over solitary animals. The soldier caste is the first evolved sterile caste in termites. Their primary function is believed to be colony defense. However, the function and development of termite soldiers remains largely unknown. Because of their apparent morphological adaptation for fighting and their limited behavior repertoire, our understanding of colony defense by termite soldiers is limited to their physical defense. In addition, we know little about …

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Student Perceptions Of Organic Food In Relation To Health, Environment And Pricing, Stacey Paterson Jan 2015

Student Perceptions Of Organic Food In Relation To Health, Environment And Pricing, Stacey Paterson

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

The organic industry is full of opinions and perceptions, which influence consumer purchasing decisions. A convenience sample of 69 college students between the ages of 19-23 registered in a basic food preparation class participated in this study. A sensory analysis of organic and conventional fruits, vegetables, meat and poultry, eggs and dairy measuring categorical taste differences between the two types of food. Student perceptions of organic foods in relation to health, environment and pricing and the likelihood of purchase were also studied. The influence of Diet and Well-being on organic purchases predominantly mattered somewhat to students, while price mattered completely. …

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Management And Production Practices Of The Missouri Beef Cattle Industry, Jordan Lee Kinder Jan 2015

Management And Production Practices Of The Missouri Beef Cattle Industry, Jordan Lee Kinder

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

A survey of beef cattle producers in Missouri was conducted to evaluate the management and production practices of the beef cattle industry. Production and demographic data from 112 (response rate of 5.9%) were analyzed to identify areas in need of future research and education. The web-based survey was conducted through Survey Monkey© and distributed by the Missouri Cattlemen's Association to a list of their members. Responding producers were located in 65 of the 114 counties in Missouri, with 63.3% located north of Interstate 44 and 36.7% south of Interstate 44. The majority (47.3%) of producers were between ages 31 and …

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Letter From The Dean, Michael Vayda Jan 2015

Letter From The Dean, Michael Vayda

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Seed Priming With Cacl2 And Ridge Planting For Improved Drought Resistance In Maize, Muhammad Bismillah Khan, Mubshar Hussain, Abid Raza, Shahid Farooq, Khawar Jabran Jan 2015

Seed Priming With Cacl2 And Ridge Planting For Improved Drought Resistance In Maize, Muhammad Bismillah Khan, Mubshar Hussain, Abid Raza, Shahid Farooq, Khawar Jabran

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Drought-induced losses in crop output have forced the scientific community to develop efficient management strategies to cope with the adversities of drought stress. This field trial was done to assess the role of seed priming techniques and planting methods for improving drought resistance in Pakistani hybrid maize in 2011. Maize seeds were soaked in an aerated solution of CaCl2 (osmopriming; $\Psi$s -1.25 MPa) and distilled water (hydropriming), while untreated dry seeds were taken as controls. Primed and untreated seeds were sown on either ridges or a flat seedbed and were subjected to drought at vegetative and tasseling stages. Drought was …

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Moth Bean Germplasm Screening Against Yellow Mosaic Virus, Ii. Developmentof Moth Bean High-Yielding Seed And Fodder Cultivars, Muhammad Yaqoob, Naqib Ullah Khan, Muhammad Mansoor, Samrin Gul, Ibni Amin Khalil, Khilwat Afridi Jan 2015

Moth Bean Germplasm Screening Against Yellow Mosaic Virus, Ii. Developmentof Moth Bean High-Yielding Seed And Fodder Cultivars, Muhammad Yaqoob, Naqib Ullah Khan, Muhammad Mansoor, Samrin Gul, Ibni Amin Khalil, Khilwat Afridi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] susceptibility to yellow mosaic virus (YMV) purged the crop from the farming system. Therefore, genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) and biplot studies were undertaken to develop YMV-resistant moth bean cultivars from the germplasm. The germplasm was acquired from the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and from the farm fields in two provinces, Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan. Two different groups of moth bean genotypes were screened for YMV versus seed yield (11 genotypes) and YMV versus fodder yield (10 genotypes) over three years (2006-2008) in three locations in Pakistan [D.I.Khan Agriculture Research Station (ARS), Serai Naurang …

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Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops: Retrospect And Challenges, Allah Bakhsh, Saber Delpasand Khabbazi, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Ufuk Demi̇rel, Mehmet Emi̇n Çalişkan, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu, Sebahatti̇n Özcan, Hakan Özkan Jan 2015

Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops: Retrospect And Challenges, Allah Bakhsh, Saber Delpasand Khabbazi, Faheem Shahzad Baloch, Ufuk Demi̇rel, Mehmet Emi̇n Çalişkan, Rüştü Hati̇poğlu, Sebahatti̇n Özcan, Hakan Özkan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The advent of genetic engineering has revolutionized agriculture remarkably with the development of superior insect-resistantcrop varieties harboring resistance against insect pests.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been used as a main source for insect-resistantgenes. In addition to Bt endotoxins, various plant lectins and other non-Bt genes from different sources have also been introduced incrop plants of economic importance. The insect-resistant crops have made a huge economic impact worldwide since their commercialrelease. The cultivation of insect-resistant cultivars has resulted both in increased crop productivity and in decreased environmentalpollution. Although insect-resistant crops have been allowed to be commercialized following proper biosafety guidelines and procedures,still …

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Apomixis: New Horizons In Plant Breeding, Nejdet Kandemi̇r, İbrahi̇m Saygili Jan 2015

Apomixis: New Horizons In Plant Breeding, Nejdet Kandemi̇r, İbrahi̇m Saygili

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Apomixis is seed formation without fertilization, commonly observed in wild plant species. It has the advantages of clonal reproduction and propagation by seeds. Although it has a complex inheritance, genes controlling apomictic reproduction are being identified. Transfer of apomixis to crop species through wide crosses has not been successful so far, but transgenic technology offers a more powerful way to introgress apomixis into crop species. When crop species acquire this trait, superior genotypes, including hybrids, will be fixed and seeds will be multiplied without segregation of superior gene combinations. In addition, it will make hybrid production possible in all crops, …

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Investigation Of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) Resistance In Almond Rootstocks With Dna Markers, Sultan Bay Türkoğlu, Nergi̇z Çoban, Ali̇ Özkan, Hali̇t Seyfetti̇n Atli, Canan Can Jan 2015

Investigation Of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) Resistance In Almond Rootstocks With Dna Markers, Sultan Bay Türkoğlu, Nergi̇z Çoban, Ali̇ Özkan, Hali̇t Seyfetti̇n Atli, Canan Can

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Seven almond varieties, Ferragnes, Nemaguard, AB3 (Amygdalus orientalis Mill.), GN22, GF677, Myrobalan(Prunus cerasifera),and Pissardi nigra, and F1 crossbreed almonds, Ferragnes × Pissardi nigra, Ferragnes × Myrobalan, Ferragnes × GN22, Nemaguard × GF677, Myrobalan × AB3 (Prunus dulcis Mill.), Myrobalan × Ferragnes, Pissardi nigra × AB3, and GF677 × Myrobalan, were used to determine resistance against root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) using DNA markers. Parental lines and 316 F1 plants were tested with SSR (plgms8, plgms9, and plgms19) and STS (STS-OPS14a, STS-834b) markers. It was found that plgms19 exhibited 76%, 77.01%, 73.13%, and 86.6% inheritance of resistance in the Ferragnes × …

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Mass Loss And Chemical Structures Of Wheat And Maize Straws In Response To Ultravoilet-B Radiation And Soil Contact, Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Jingdong Mao, Congzhi Zhang, Lin Chen, Xiuli Xin, Bingzi Zhao Jan 2015

Mass Loss And Chemical Structures Of Wheat And Maize Straws In Response To Ultravoilet-B Radiation And Soil Contact, Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Jingdong Mao, Congzhi Zhang, Lin Chen, Xiuli Xin, Bingzi Zhao

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The role of photodegradation, an abiotic process, has been largely overlooked during straw decomposition in mesic ecosystems. We investigated the mass loss and chemical structures of straw decomposition in response to elevated UV-B radiation with or without soil contact over a 12-month litterbag experiment. Wheat and maize straw samples with and without soil contact were exposed to three radiation levels: a no-sunlight control, ambient solar UV-B, and artificially elevated UV-B radiation. A block control with soil contact was not included. Compared with the no-sunlight control, UV-B radiation increased the mass loss by 14-19% and the ambient radiation by 9-16% for …

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An Economic Analysis Of High-Intensity, Short-Duration Grazing Systems In South Dakota And Nebraska, Larry Janssen, Bronc Mcmurtry, Matthew Stockton, Alexander Smart, Sharon A. Clay Jan 2015

An Economic Analysis Of High-Intensity, Short-Duration Grazing Systems In South Dakota And Nebraska, Larry Janssen, Bronc Mcmurtry, Matthew Stockton, Alexander Smart, Sharon A. Clay

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Four different grazing systems: two rotational systems, a continuous grazing system, and a modified high-intensity, short-duration (mob) system were evaluated from an economic return and risk perspective. Stocking rates and average daily gains (ADG) were obtained from 2011 – 2014 from university ranch experiments in northern Nebraska. Simulation models were used to examine net returns and risk in each system and rank systems according to risk preferences. A twice through rotational grazing system was most profitable. Mob grazing was the least preferred, although when risk aversion increased, it rose in preference. Mob grazing could be profitable if adjustments increased animal …

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Nutrient Availability And Dynamics Of Compost Bedded Pack Dairy Barn Waste, Leslie Hammond Jan 2015

Nutrient Availability And Dynamics Of Compost Bedded Pack Dairy Barn Waste, Leslie Hammond

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Increased adoption of compost bedded pack dairy barns (CBP), a relatively new housing and manure handling strategy, warrants study to facilitate proper use of CBP waste as a soil amendment. This study: 1) characterized in situ nutrient content and availability of CBP waste in terms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P); 2) examined the decomposition of surface-applied CBP waste compared to an alternative processed solid waste amendment; 3) examined nutrient dynamics of incorporated CBP waste in high and low soil test phosphorus (STP) environments. Quick anaerobic mineralization assays revealed that bed management affects nutrient content and availability of CBP waste. …

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Collaboration Among Stakeholders: Key To The Organic Agriculture Movement In Negros Occidental, Andrew D. Gasmen, Rowena Dt. Baconguis Jan 2015

Collaboration Among Stakeholders: Key To The Organic Agriculture Movement In Negros Occidental, Andrew D. Gasmen, Rowena Dt. Baconguis

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

The organic agriculture movement in Negros Occidental can be traced back in the 1970s through the advocacy of the civil society. The movement received significant push when the local government issued policies and formulated programs that supported organic agriculture, and further, when the private sector supported the marketing of the produce. This paper explores collaboration among organic practitioners, government agencies, and the private sector as well as their interactions that significantly advanced organic agriculture. The research is an intrinsic case study as it investigates organic agriculture through in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information. Results show patterns of interaction …

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Household Resources And Practices Toward Native Rice Sufficiency In Khoune District, Xiengkhouang Province, Lao Pdr, Kolakanh Chanthavongsa, Josefina T. Dizon, Maria Ana T. Quimbo, Mayo Grace C. Amit Jan 2015

Household Resources And Practices Toward Native Rice Sufficiency In Khoune District, Xiengkhouang Province, Lao Pdr, Kolakanh Chanthavongsa, Josefina T. Dizon, Maria Ana T. Quimbo, Mayo Grace C. Amit

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

A case study was conducted in Na-Ou and Xang villages in Khoune district, Xiengkhouang province, Lao PDR to discuss the households’ resources and practices in attaining native rice sufficiency. Data were gathered through a combination of methods that included a survey of 91 households, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, actual field observations, and secondary data analysis. The study villages are largely rural, popular nationwide for their native sticky rice varieties, and regarded as models in native sticky rice production. There are also areas of wetland for rice cultivation that are suited to grow the age-old native sticky rice varieties. …

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Incidence Of Microbial Infections Revealed By Assessing Nodulation Infield-Collected Insects From Adana Province, Hasan Tunaz, Mehmet Kubi̇lay Er, Ali̇ Arda Işikber Jan 2015

Incidence Of Microbial Infections Revealed By Assessing Nodulation Infield-Collected Insects From Adana Province, Hasan Tunaz, Mehmet Kubi̇lay Er, Ali̇ Arda Işikber

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Results of a field study designed to assess the extent of natural microbial infections in insects collected from agrarian fields surrounding Adana, Turkey, are reported. We identified and dissected specimens to assess the numbers of nodules. Formation of darkened melanotic nodules is the predominant cellular immune reaction to microbial and parasitic infection, and once formed, the nodules are permanently attached to internal surfaces. At least some nodules were found in 99% of 1200 examined specimens that were healthy in appearance. The number of nodules ranged approximately from 1 nodule/individual to >120 nodules/individual. We inferred that insects are regularly challenged by …

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Barley Molybdenum Cofactor Sulfurase (Mcsu): Sequencing, Modeling, And Its Comparison To Other Higher Plants, Ertuğrul Fi̇li̇z, Assaf Distelfeld, Tzion Fahima, Özge Karakaş Meti̇n, Eviatar Nevo, Song Weining, Ahu Altinkut Uncuoğlu Jan 2015

Barley Molybdenum Cofactor Sulfurase (Mcsu): Sequencing, Modeling, And Its Comparison To Other Higher Plants, Ertuğrul Fi̇li̇z, Assaf Distelfeld, Tzion Fahima, Özge Karakaş Meti̇n, Eviatar Nevo, Song Weining, Ahu Altinkut Uncuoğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Molybdenum cofactor sulfurases (MCSUs) are important enzymes for plant development and response to environmental queues, including processes such as nitrogen metabolism and regulation of the abscisic acid levels in plant tissues. We cloned and sequenced MCSU gene from barley and performed in silico comparison with rice, tomato, and Arabidopsis. Physico-chemical properties and subcellular predictions were found to be similar in different plant species. All MCSUs had three critical domains: aminotransferase class-V (Pfam: PF00266), MOSC N-terminal beta barrel (Pfam: PF03476), and MOSC (Pfam: PF03473). Secondary structure analysis revealed that random coils were the most abundant, followed by α-helices and extended strands. …

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Factors Influencing Sustainable Cocoa Production In Northern Haiti, Wegbert Chery Jan 2015

Factors Influencing Sustainable Cocoa Production In Northern Haiti, Wegbert Chery

LSU Master's Theses

Given the environmental concerns on the one hand, especially soil erosion and deforestation, and the hope that the global cocoa market offers on the other hand, cocoa production is a potential candidate to simultaneously guarantee a competitive return to investment for farmers in northern Haiti and mitigate the negative environmental impact of farming practices. It becomes crucial for policy makers and investors to know and understand the key elements of the decision to produce cocoa. Though there has been substantial effort to improve the cocoa sector in Haiti, cocoa production systems in Haiti lag behind in the area of sustainability. …

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Calibration And Validation Of The Hybrid-Maize Crop Model For Regional Analysis And Application Over The U.S. Corn Belt, Xing Liu, Jeff Andresen, Haishun Yang, Dev Niyogi Jan 2015

Calibration And Validation Of The Hybrid-Maize Crop Model For Regional Analysis And Application Over The U.S. Corn Belt, Xing Liu, Jeff Andresen, Haishun Yang, Dev Niyogi

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Detailed parameter sensitivity, model validation, and regional calibration of the Hybrid-Maize crop model were undertaken for the purpose of regional agroclimatic assessments. The model was run at both field scale and county scale. The county-scale study was based on 30-yr daily weather data and corn yield data from the National Agricultural Statistics Service survey for 24 locations across the Corn Belt of the United States. The field-scale study was based on AmeriFlux sites at Bondville, Illinois, andMead, Nebraska. By using the one-at-a-time and interaction-explicit factorial design approaches for sensitivity analysis, the study found that the five most sensitive parameters of …

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Nitrogen Release And Disease Suppressive Activity Of Four Compost Amendments On Three Vegetable Farms, Lori Hoagland, Elizabeth Maynard, Dan Egel, Natasha Cerruti, Jeff Evard, Ben Nava, Steve Spencer Jan 2015

Nitrogen Release And Disease Suppressive Activity Of Four Compost Amendments On Three Vegetable Farms, Lori Hoagland, Elizabeth Maynard, Dan Egel, Natasha Cerruti, Jeff Evard, Ben Nava, Steve Spencer

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

This is a compilation of 30 research trial reports from four land-grant universities in the Midwestern United States. Crops include cantaloupe, pickling cucumber, pepper, potato, pumpkin, summer squash and zucchini, sweet corn, tomato, and watermelon. Somecrops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoophouses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. One report addressed plant spacing for sweet corn and one addressed soil block for production of tomato seedlings. A list of vegetable seed sources and a list of other online sources of vegetable trial reports are also included.

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Twelve Years Of Stover Removal Increases Soil Erosion Potential Without Impacting Yield, Virginia L. Jin, Marty R. Schmer, Brian J. Wienhold, Catherine E. Stewart, Gary E. Varvel, Aaron J. Sindelar, Ronald F. Follett, Robert B. Mitchell, Kenneth P. Vogel Jan 2015

Twelve Years Of Stover Removal Increases Soil Erosion Potential Without Impacting Yield, Virginia L. Jin, Marty R. Schmer, Brian J. Wienhold, Catherine E. Stewart, Gary E. Varvel, Aaron J. Sindelar, Ronald F. Follett, Robert B. Mitchell, Kenneth P. Vogel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover (non-grain aboveground biomass) in the US Corn Belt is used increasingly for livestock grazing and co-feed and for cellulosic bioenergy production. Continuous stover removal, however, could alter long-term agricultural productivity by affecting soil organic C (SOC) and soil physical properties, indicators of soil fertility and erosion potential. In this study, we showed that 12 consecutive yr of 55% stover removal did not affect mean grain yields at any N fertilizer rate (4.5, 6.3, and 6.0 Mg ha−1 for 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively) in a marginally …

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Controlling Johne’S Disease: Vaccination Is The Way Forward, John Bannantine, Adel M. Talaat Jan 2015

Controlling Johne’S Disease: Vaccination Is The Way Forward, John Bannantine, Adel M. Talaat

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis, hereafter referred to as MAP, is a significant veterinary pathogen that causes Johne’s disease in ruminants, including cattle, sheep, and goats. This chronic intestinal disease is distributed worldwide and exacts a heavy eco- nomic toll on animal producers. For example, the dairy industry incurs substantial economic losses due to reduced milk production, premature culling, and reduced slaughter value (Raizman et al., 2009). It takes years for clinical signs to appear in animals after initial infection. The bacterium is shed in high numbers in the feces during this clinical phase of disease. Transmission is by ingestion of …

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Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Recombinant Proteins Modulate Antimycobacterial Functions Of Bovine Macrophages, J. P. Bannantine, Judith R. Stabel, Elizabeth Laws, M.C.D. Cardieri, C.D. Souza Jan 2015

Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Recombinant Proteins Modulate Antimycobacterial Functions Of Bovine Macrophages, J. P. Bannantine, Judith R. Stabel, Elizabeth Laws, M.C.D. Cardieri, C.D. Souza

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

It has been shown that Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) activates the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) p38 pathway, yet it is unclear which components of M. paratuberculosis are involved in the process. Therefore, a set of 42 M. paratuberculosis recombinant proteins expressed from coding sequences annotated as lipoproteins were screened for their ability to induce IL-10 expression, an indicator of MAPKp38 activation, in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. A recombinant lipoprotein, designated as MAP3837c, was among a group of 6 proteins that strongly induced IL-10 gene transcription in bovine macrophages, averaging a 3.1-fold increase compared to non-stimulated macro- phages. However, …

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