Digital Commons Network^™

Plants Having Increased Bomass And Methods For Making The Same, Aleel K. Grennan, Donald R. Ort, Stephen Patrick Moose, Damla D. Bilgin, Thomas Clemente, Fredy Altpeter, Stephen P. Long

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The impact of plastid size change in both monocot and dicot plants has been examined. In both, when plastid size is increased there is an increase in biomass relative to the parental lines. Thus, provided herein are methods for increasing the biomass of a plant, comprising decreasing the expression of at least one plastid division protein in a plant. Optionally, the level of chlorophyll in the plant is also reduced.

Acetylsalicylic Acid Supplementation Improves Protein Utilization Efficiency While Vitamin E Supplementation Reduces Markers Of The Inflammatory Response In Weaned Pigs Challenged With Enterotoxigenic E. Coli, Jae Cheol Kim, Bruce P. Mullan, John L. Black, Robert J E Hewitt, Robert J. Van Barneveld, John R. Pluske

Animal production and livestock research articles

Background

This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E (Vit E) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.

Methods

The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs (Landrace × Large White) weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg (mean ± SEM). The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial …

Assisted Tree Migration In North America: Policy Legacies, Enhanced Forest Policy Integration, And Climate Change Adaptation, Adam Wellstead, Michael Howlett

Department of Social Sciences Publications

The weight of much expert forest management opinion is that issues such as climate change can be effectively addressed only if forest policy-making moves from a purely sectoral focus and undergoes a shift to a more integrated multi-issue, multi-sector policy-making process. This is because credible adaptation policies in the sector require greatly enhanced multi-sectoral policy integration if they are to succeed. But this requirement may be beyond the capacity of many countries to deliver. This article explores the integration challenges faced by forest policy-making in Canada and the United States and uses the case of Assisted Tree Migration (ATM) to …

Effects Of Herbicides On Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa) Phytotoxicity, Biomass, And Seed Yield, Brett A. Maxwell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Field studies were established in 2015 at Bowling Green and Lexington, KY to evaluate industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) tolerance to various herbicides. Hemp was planted into conventionally tilled soils in mid to late June at a seeding rate of 39 kg/ha in Bowling Green and 22 kg/ha in Lexington. Five herbicide active ingredients were applied preemergence (PRE) the day of planting and six postemergence (POST) treatments were applied to 30 cm hemp with a CO2-backpack sprayer delivering 140 L/ha. Plots were 3.1 m wide by 6.1 m long and were sprayed with a 2.1 m boom sprayer leaving a 0.46 …

Farm-To-Fork Fresh Produce Food Safety: An Evaluation Of Perceptions, Knowledge, And Implementation Of Good Agriculture Practices In Kentucky, Daniel J. Sinkel

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Farmers’ markets have increasingly become a popular venue for purchase of fresh, locally-grown produce, with the number of farmers’ markets in Kentucky reaching an all-time high of 159 in 2016. Good Agriculture Practices (GAPs) is a program created by the USDA’s Agriculture Marketing Service to function as a food safety audit for small-scale fresh produce growers, such as those who sell fresh produce at local farmers’ markets. However, under the provisions of the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011, small-scale farmers who sell an average of $25,000 in annual fresh produce sales across the span of three years are exempt …

Economic Impact Evaluation Of Bovine Johne’S Disease (Bjd) Management Options In Western Australia, Ananda Ghose Dr, Leo Loth Dr, Mia Carbon Dr, Bruce Twentyman Dr

Biosecurity research reports

Bovine Johne’s disease (BJD) is an infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mptb) that can also affect other ruminants such as goats, alpaca, sheep and deer. It causes chronic wasting and incurable diarrhoea leading to deaths in mature cattle. Subclinically affected animals may have reduced growth and milk production levels.

The WA cattle industry needs to determine what level of protection from BJD incursion and spread is required for WA, including at the border, and how this is best achieved. The primary decision to be made is whether BJD is best managed on a statewide basis …

Louisiana Agriculture Fall, 2016

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Nebline, October 2016

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Legends of the Fall — Accidental and Occasional Invaders

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

Extension Calendar

and other extension news and events

Rabbit Control: Bait Stations, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity factsheets

This factsheet provides information on using bait stations for rabbit control.

Biological control agents such as the myxoma virus (myxomatosis), and rabbit haemorraghic disease virus (RHDV) or rabbit calicivirus disease, will not provide ‘magic bullets’ for reducing the impact of rabbits on agricultural production and the environment. Biological agents are more effective when they form part of an integrated approach to rabbit control. An integrated approach should use all available control options, including biological control, the use of vertebrate pesticides, shooting, and trapping programs. Control programs are most effective when they include the greatest number of properties possible (that is, …

Comparison Of Three Traps Used For Pocket Gopher Management (Thomomys Bottae) In Alfalfa Fields, S. Nicole Frey, Mark Nelson

All Current Publications

This fact sheet is a report of a study that compared three traps used for pocket gopher management to determine which trap may be the most effective at capturing valley pocket gophers and was the most time efficient.

Equine Piroplasmosis, Karl Hoopes, Barry Pittman

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes equine Piropasmosis, a tick-borne disease that can affect horses, how it is transmitted, how it is diagnosed, prevention, and treatment.

Cottontails And Jackrabbits, S. Nicole Frey

All Current Publications

This fact sheet explains the difference between rabbits and hares and describes their conflicts with humans, methods to prevent damage including excluding, repelling, or removing, and population control. It also describes Tularemia, a disease caused by infection of a bacteria Franisella tularenis.

Establishment Of A Quantitative Real-Time Pcr For Detecting Vvha Gene In Vibrio Vulnificus, Li Dandan, Xu Yigang, Qiu Suoping, Wang Yu, Gao Huijiang, Gao Shenyang

Food and Machinery

To establish a rapid assay for Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) detection, a quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method was developed targeting vvhA gene of V. vulnificus . The results showed that the tests for 15 strains of different bacteria by using this method, only the ones of V. vulnificus were positive, indicating high specificity of qRT-PCR. Moreover, the sensitivity of this specific method was 15 CFU/mL. Further stability and reproducibility test results showed that the coefficient of variation of Ct values of four duplicates were less than 2%. In addition, a total 2 positive samples for V. vulnificus were detected from …

Research Of Designing Compression Equipment With Open Mold And Closed Mold For Potato Pulp Processing, Guo Wenbin, Gao Jingjing, De Xuehong

Food and Machinery

The purpose of this research was to design and manufacture a multifunctional equipment for processing potato pulp and its mixture with other agroforestry wastes. The equipment combined the methods of compressing with both open and closed mold, considering adequately the densification and dewatering characteristics of potato pulp. During the compressing, the closed and open mold can be converted to each other flexibly by changing the piston of a sleeve. By this means, it is easy to observe and compare the effectiveness of the two methods. Moreover, the densification and dewatering of potato pulp under different conditions were investigated. Finally, the …

The Study Of Rough Flavones Components Extracted From The Rape Bee Pollen, Wang Mansheng, Zeng Xinan, Xiong Xiayu, Dai Qiuzhong

Food and Machinery

In order to clarify the flavonoids compositions of rape bee pollen and evaluate the assisted extraction effect for pulsed electric field (PEF), the ethanol extract of rape bee pollen and its acidolysis component were analyzed in detail by the method of TLC—DPPH and HPLC in this paper. The results showed that the quercetin and kaempferol in the ethanol extract of rape bee pollen could not be detected for their low contents. However, a large number of quercetin and kaempferol were generated after the acidolysis of ethanol extract, and this implied that the flavonoids compositions of rape bee pollen mainly existed …

Building Educator Capacity To Address Animal Agriculture In A Changing Climate, Crystal Powers

SciComm 2016 - Lincoln, Nebraska, September 23-24, 2016

Multi-Regional Approach.

Project Support.

Project Objectives • Equip Educators –ability & motivation • Provide science-based information • Coordinate state, regional and national levels.

Online Course. Outcomes -ability. Outcomes -motivation.

Understand worldviews. Meet people where they are. Start with local history.

Framing: Focus on audience’s values & concerns. Present new information so it can be heard

Science in Action: • Public wants to know how the science applies to their life. • We can point back to the basic science

SciComm Lessons Learned

Influence Of Source Credibility On Consumer Acceptance Of Genetically Modified Foods In China, Mingyang Zhang, Chao Chen, Wuyang Hu, Lijun Chen, Jintao Zhan

Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

This paper examines the reasoning mechanism behind the consumer acceptance of genetically modified foods (GMFs) in China, and investigates influence of source credibility on consumer acceptance of GMFs. Based on the original Persuasion Model—which was developed by Carl Hovland, an American psychologist and pioneer in the study of communication and its effect on attitudes and beliefs—we conducted a survey using multistage sampling from 1167 urban residents, which were proportionally selected from six cities in three economic regions (south, central, and north) in the Jiangsu province through face to face interviews. Mixed-process regression that could correct endogeneity and ordered probit model …

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 1997-2014, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agricultural production, processing, and retail industries are major contributors to the Arkansas economy in terms of GDP. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production, value-added processing, and agricultural retail activities.

Nebline, September 2016

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: 4-H Youth Showcase Projects, Develop Skills at the Super Fair

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

Extension Calendar

and other extension news and events

Comparative Study Of Nutrient Uptake Between Sorghum X Drummond Ii And Cyperus Conglomeratus, A Desert Sedge Native To The Uae, Safaa Ahmed Aldhanhani

Theses

Sudan grass (Sorghum x drummondii) is commonly grown for the production of animal fodder in the UAE. Cyperus conglomeratus (locally termed ‘Thenda’) is a sedge native to the UAE, and one of the very few plants that colonize soils of shifting desert dunes. The native plant is grazed by camels, and may thus have a potential for animal feed production. While Sudan grass is a mycotrophic plant that normally lives in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for facilitation of nutrient uptake, C. conglomeratus is a non-host to these root symbionts. In the desert sedges rhizosheaths comprising of dense coats of …

Establishing Birdsfoot Trefoil In The Mountain West, Joe E. Brummer, Jennifer W. Macadam, Glenn Shewmaker, M. Anowarul Isllam

All Current Publications

This bulletin describes birdsfoot trefoil in the Mountain West, and why it should be considered for planting. It includes cultivar selection and seeding rate, establishment considerations, and interseeding methods. Its high nutritive value and ruminant-friendly tannins will support livestock production without risk of bloat, while it fixes nitrogen to increase production in the entire pasture.

Voles [Microtus Spp.], Ryan Davis

All Current Publications

This fact sheet focuses on the meadow vole and includes a description, how to identify voles, their biology, activity and damage, and how to manage them.

A Quantitative Analysis Of Hugelkultur And Its Potential Application On Karst Rocky Desertified Areas In China, Megan Laffoon

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

A type of environmental degradation, karst rocky desertification (KRD) refers to areas where the soil loss exposes the bedrock and reduces the land’s ability to sustain life and is particularly widespread through the vast karst area of rural southwest China. Hugelkultur is a permaculture method that harnesses the wood decomposition process by burying logs beneath soil. We proposed that hugel beds will demonstrate a higher water holding capacity and enhance soil development, in a way that may show promise as a potential method to help alleviate problems of KRD. Soil samples were taken from hugel plots, non-hugel plots, and KRD-like …

Effects Of An Electronic, Motion-Activated Scarecrow On Foraging Time In Nocturnal Vertebrate Crop Pets In South Africa, Mallory Clouse

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The normal behaviors of animals can disrupt human activities, resulting in human wildlifeconflict. In South Africa, nocturnal crop raiders are a significant source of human wildlifeconflict for farmers. Major nocturnal pest animals are Cape porcupine (Hystrix africaeaustralis) and bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus). Although methods of deterring animals from agricultural areas have been explored, nocturnal crop raiding remains difficult to mitigate. Most research studies focus on deterring non-human primates and elephants, but methods that may be successful in deterring such larger mammals are not necessarily effective at discouraging smaller, nocturnal crop raiders. This study examined the efficacy of …

Nebraska Livestock Expansion Policies, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

Livestock expansion in Nebraska is often contentious. Supporters of livestock expansion accomplished a major policy objective in the 2016 legislative session with the adoption of LB176 which authorizes swine processors to contract with producers to grow processor-owned hogs. In addition, the draft LB106 livestock site assessment zoning matrix was released this summer. This newsletter explores the possible impact of these developments for expanded livestock production in Nebraska.

Ex-Post Livestock Diseases, And Pastoralists' Averting Decisions In Tanzania, Mazbahul Ahamad

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Little is known about the factors affecting pastoralists’ livestock vaccination decisions. In this thesis, we use a novel survey-based dataset on pastoralists living in the Ruaha landscape in Tanzania, and employ several econometric approaches to identify the factors affecting pastoralists’ decision-making process about livestock vaccination when disease occurrence and severity, vaccination and healthcare access costs and other related variables are known. Results from binary choice models that account for excess zeros indicate that socially and economically active households are more likely to vaccinate their livestock. The results also identify positive marginal effects of illness incidence and having wage earners and …

Genome-Wide Association Study For Feed Efficiency Traits Using Snp And Haplotype Models, Kashly Rene Schweer

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Feed efficiency has long been recognized for its economic importance in beef cattle production systems. Feed intake is not a routinely collected trait on-farm due to the expense of measuring individual feed intake. Identification of genomic regions associated with feed efficiency and its component traits would be advantageous for selection programs. The objective of this study was to uncover genomic regions associated with average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with SNP and haplotype Bayesian models. Phenotypes of ADG and ADFI along with genotypes from the BovineSNP50v2 array from crossbred steers and …

Estimating Carrying Capacity Of Cool-Season Pastures In Kentucky Using Web Soil Survey, S. Ray Smith, Krista Lea

Agriculture and Natural Resources Publications

The stocking rate of livestock on a pasture is known to have a significant impact on both forage productivity and financial profitability of an operation. Too many animals in a field results in overgrazing and the need to provide costly supplemental feed; too few animals results in underutilized forages and therefore lost income. While many factors influence how many animals a farm can carry, soil type has a major influence and should be considered when purchasing, leasing, planning, or managing livestock on pastures.

High School Students' Motivations And Views Of Agriculture And Agricultural Careers Upon Completion Of A Pre-College Program, Andrea K. Scherer

Open Access Theses

Pre-college summer residential experiences hosted by a College of Agriculture have the potential to expose high school students to new career opportunities and fields of study that they may not have considered, and may influence agricultural literacy, perceptions of agriculture, and interest in agriculture. Engaging these students is important for meeting the demand for more students graduating with agriculture degrees prepared to solve 21st century challenges. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the outcomes of two separate pre-college experiences, the Molecular Agriculture Summer Institute (MASI) and the Purdue Agribusiness Science Academy (PASA), and participating high school …

Nutrient Runoff And Leachate After Land-Application Of Digestate In A Laboratory Study Using Rainfall Simulations, Min Xiao

Open Access Theses

There has been an increasing number of anaerobic digesters on livestock farms in the United States during the past two decades. Anaerobic digestion of manure allows production of renewable energy and generation of stabilized and nutrient-rich digestate that can be used as organic fertilizer. However, the majority of the existed studies using liquid digestate as fertilizer only focused on the effectiveness for crop yield, nutrient content and microorganism in soil. There is insufficient understanding in the environmental impact of digestate land-application. This laboratory study used six treatments including four different liquid digestate treatments, a chemical fertilizer treatment, and an unfertilized …