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The Impact Of Csr Disclosure, Audit Committees, Independent Commissioners, And Managerial Ownership On Corporate Value: An Empirical Study Of Basic Materials Sector Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange, Friska Nabila Dewi, Roebiandini Soemantri

Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business

Negative sentiments stemming from declining aluminum exports, coal price fluctuations, a global economic slowdown, and environmental pressures influence investors' perceptions of investing in the raw materials sector. CSR disclosure and implementing Good Corporate Governance principles through audit committees, independent commissioners, and managerial ownership are vital strategies for enhancing investor confidence and long-term corporate value. This study investigates the effect of CSR disclosure and corporate governance attributes on corporate value, with Return on Assets as the control variable. It utilizes secondary data from annual and sustainability reports, focusing on companies in the basic materials sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange …

Exploration Of Designing An Automatic Classifier For Questions Containing Code Snippets—A Case Study Of Oracle Sql Certification Exam Questions, Hung-Yi Chen, Po-Chou Shih, Yunsen Wang

Department of Accounting and Finance Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This study uses the Oracle SQL certification exam questions to explore the design of automatic classifiers for exam questions containing code snippets. SQL’s question classification assigns a class label in the exam topics to a question. With this classification, questions can be selected from the test bank according to the testing scope to assemble a more suitable test paper. Classifying questions containing code snippets is more challenging than classifying questions with general text descriptions. In this study, we use factorial experiments to identify the effects of the factors of the feature representation scheme and the machine learning method on the …

The Impact Of Carbon Disclosure On Firm Value: Examining The Role Of Institutional Ownership In The Energy Sector, Hendra Arie Rachmadhika, Amrie Firmansyah

Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business

This study examines the influence of carbon disclosure on firm value with institutional ownership as a moderator in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2019-2022. Carbon disclosure is measured using the disclosure scale developed by Bae Choi et al. (2013a), the percentage of institutional ownership in the company to calculate institutional ownership, and Tobin's Q to calculate firm value. This study uses data from energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the observation period of 2019-2022, with a total of 80 observations through purposive sampling. The results show that carbon disclosure has a …

The Impact Of Intellectual Capital On Earnings Management Across The Firm Life Cycle: A Study Of Manufacturing Companies Listed On The Idx From 2020 To 2023, Ashila Taqiyya Ruzami, Nanny Dewi Tanzil

Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business

This study aims to determine how each element of intellectual capital affects earnings management based on the business life cycle. The data used for this study come from manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2020 to 2023. Overall, the research sample consists of 121 companies. The criteria for classifying a company's life cycle are based on the company's average sales growth. This study uses panel data regression analysis through the EViews 12 application. The results conclude that all intellectual capital components negatively influence earnings management, regardless of the company's life cycle. Meanwhile, HCE has a significant negative effect at …

The Effect Of Company Size And Inventory Intensity On Tax Aggressiveness With Political Connections As A Moderating Variable In Agricultural Sector Companies Listed On The Bei For The Period 2019-2023, Dewi Amalia Cipta Pratama, Nurul Rusdiansyah, Dania Meida Rosyidah, Heliani Heliani

Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business

This study aims to analyze the effect of company size and inventory intensity on tax aggressiveness with political connections as a moderating variable in agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2023 period. The research method used is quantitative analysis with multiple linear regression analysis methods involving 40 companies selected through purposive sampling techniques. The analysis shows that company size and inventory intensity significantly influence tax aggressiveness. In addition, political connections have been proven to moderate the relationship between company size, inventory intensity, and tax aggressiveness. This finding suggests that companies with political connections tend …

2025-2026 Operating Budget, Morehead State University. Budget & Financial Planning Office.

Morehead State University Operating Budgets Archive

2025-2026 Operating Budget of Morehead State University.

Managers' Staging Of Earnings Conference Calls Around Actual Share Repurchases, Hong Kim Duong, Chuong Do, Huy N. Do

Accounting Faculty Publications

We use earnings call transcripts to examine whether managers strategically change their disclosure behaviors before an actual share repurchase. Our findings suggest that managers use tone management to strategically portray a more negative outlook for the firm in the earnings call before an actual repurchase. In addition, we find that managers of repurchasing firms “cast” the call with more unfavorable analysts even when more favorable analysts are available. These disclosure strategies aim to influence the information flows to the market and allow repurchasing firms to repurchase their shares at a discounted price. We further show that insiders of repurchasing firms …

Has The Iasb Successfully Achieved Its Stated Goals? A Literature Synthesis And Theoretical Model, Stephen B. Salter, Hong Kim Duong, Gaurav Gupta

Accounting Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has been successful in achieving its stated objective of enhancing the comparability of financial reports produced across the globe. According to IFRS.org, "IFRS Accounting Standards bring transparency by enhancing the international comparability and quality of financial information, enabling investors and other market participants to make informed economic decisions." To meet our research objective, we summarize the research on international financial reporting standards (IFRS) found in seven relevant ABDC A and A* journals for 2016-2021. Based on the examination of published research, we create a model …

Can Whistleblowing Improve Organizational Effectiveness? Evidence From Financial Reporting Misconduct, Hong Kim Duong, Sadok El Ghoul, Omrane Guedhami, Emmanuel Sequeira, Zuobao Wei

Accounting Faculty Publications

Background

While whistleblowing (WB) has attracted growing research interest in recent years, several critical WB-related issues remain underexplored.

Purpose

This study examines the impact of external WB allegations on a firm’s organizational capital (OC). Such allegations often indicate management’s failure to address employee concerns internally, spotlighting potential deficiencies in internal reporting systems, employee communication, training, and trust in organizational fairness. To mitigate reputational damage, restore employee trust, and prevent future incidents, we posit that WB firms respond by increasing OC investment.

Research design

We employ a difference-in-differences approach, comparing OC changes in WB-targeted firms with those in a propensity score-matched …

Persistence Is Not Key: A Study On The Relationship Between The Persistence Of Going Concern Opinion Type I Errors And Investor Confidence, Christin Marie Kooti

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study examines how persistent Type I errors in going concern opinions impact investors’ decisions and confidence in the warning signal embedded in the opinion. Despite regulatory changes intended to improve audit accuracy and restore investors’ confidence in the audit profession, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Accounting Standard Update 14-15, along with the StoneRidge Investment Partners vs. Scientific Atlanta Court Case verdict, persistent going concern opinions (Type I errors) weaken the perceived informativeness of audit warnings. Signaling theory provides the framework to explore the question: “Do persistent Type I errors in going concern opinions influence investors’ perceptions of …

Employee Benefit Plan Audits: Knowledge Spillover For Improving Quality, Lisa Ann Nash

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study provides a unique glimpse into the work of non-BigN accounting firms offering Employee Benefit Plan (EBP) audit services for single employer defined contribution plans. The study examines knowledge spillover from joint services and EBP auditor specialization to improve EBP audit quality. EBPs often incur low-quality audits, resulting in penalties assessed by the Department of Labor (DOL) for deficiencies. Companies may feel a sense of comfort hiring the same auditor they used for their company financial statements, but the EBP audits require the auditor to possess specialized knowledge beyond the requirements for the financial statements to confirm compliance with …

Using Blockchain, Non-Fungible Tokens, And Smart Contracts To Track And Report Greenhouse Gas Emissions, J Gregory Jenkins, Eric N. Negangard, Mark D. Sheldon

2025 Faculty Bibliography

Global markets are moving toward requiring firms to track and report greenhouse gas emissions across their value chain. This includes self-generated emissions (i.e., Scope 1), emissions from power providers (i.e., Scope 2), and emissions from upstream suppliers and downstream parties (i.e., Scope 3). Yet, obtaining reliable emissions data is a complex task that often relies on cumbersome legacy processes and becomes especially challenging with upstream and downstream emissions. Using the Design Science Research Methodology, we propose and prototype (early-stage) a technological solution that uses blockchain, non-fungible tokens, and smart contracts to track and report greenhouse gas emissions across a firm’s …

2024-2025 Morehead State University Audit Report, Morehead State University. Accounting And Financial Services Office.

Morehead State University Audit Reports

2024-2025 Audit Report for Morehead State University.

Navigating Compliance: How Wage Theft Influences Warn Act Decisions, Roberto Gonzales

Accounting Dissertations - Archive

Economic theory suggests that firms comply with regulations when the expected costs of noncompliance outweigh the expected benefits (Becker 1968). Despite minimal enforcement, weak penalties, and strong incentives for noncompliance, some firms comply with the provisions of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act, which mandates advance notice of mass layoffs and plant closings. Using a sample of 7,084 firm-years necessitating WARN Act disclosures from 2000 to 2020, I reassess the cost-benefit calculus by first demonstrating that wage theft violations provide the incentives necessary to compel firms to comply with other minimally enforced laws like WARN. Next, I find …

Overhead And Nonprofit Impact; Empirical Evidence From The United Way, Joshua Vanlaecken

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research examines the relationship between nonprofit overhead ratios and performance, specifically focusing on United Way affiliates. The study analyzes Form 990 data from 2010 to 2022, employing fixed effect regression models to examine the potential circular relationship between overhead spending and total revenue. The findings suggest that while current overhead rates are positively correlated with revenue, they may yield diminishing returns. Furthermore, population subgroups are examined by assets, overhead rate, and revenues spectrums to provide more nuanced insight. Interestingly, while not statistically significant within the overall population, increases in overhead rates may positively or negatively impact subsequent year revenue …

Price Transparency And Patient Engagement: Social Messaging Matters, Jace B. Garrett, Keaton C. Helquist, Steven D. Smith, William B. Tayler

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of price transparency and prosocial messaging on price-protected consumers’ health care choices as a potential cost-saving strategy to manage rising US health care expenditures.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited to complete a basic questionnaire via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk program. Participants’ selections were subsequently collected and analyzed.

METHODS: Participants (N = 567) selected a sleep study provider from 5 options, with manipulations including financial responsibility, provision of price information, and a prosocial message encouraging high-value options.

RESULTS: Price transparency increased the selection of lower-cost options among participants who were solely responsible for paying for …

Legal Expertise And The Litigation Risk From Carbon Emissions, Mahmud Rahman

Accounting Dissertations - Archive

The increasing frequency of climate-related litigation presents significant risks for high-emitting firms, leading many to adopt strategies that reduce legal exposure and associated costs. General Counsel (GC), due to their legal expertise, are increasingly integrated into top management to help firms navigate this complex regulatory environment. Using an ordered logit model, this study finds that firms with higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are more likely to have a GC to their executive team. The presence of a GC in top management leads to a lower likelihood of the firm being fined for violations as well as lower penalties of federal …

The Impact Of Audit Quality On Earnings Management In Publicly Listed U.S. Companies, Blessing Chidiebere Uwakwe, James N. Mohs

Accounting Faculty Publications

This study examined the effect of Audit quality on Earnings management of publicly listed US companies. The dependent variable; Earnings management, was measured using discretionary accruals, while the Independent Variable; Audit quality, was proxied by factors Auditor size (Big Four), audit fees, and auditor tenure. The study adopted a quantitative research design to investigate the relationship between audit quality and earnings management. A sample of publicly listed U.S. companies was selected from the SandP 500 index, spanning a period of five years (e.g., 2018-2022). Financial data were sourced from publicly available databases such as SEC filings, annual reports, and audit …

Effect Of Trade Openness On Food Security In Economic Community Of West African States Region, Yahaya Umar Isah, Ikubor, Ofili Jude, Bernard, O. A., Zakari Saheed S., Ayodeji, S.

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This study investigates the impact of trade openness on food security in the ECOWAS trade zone. The study relied on the system GMM approach to analyze the impact of trade openness on overall and disaggregated components of food security in the ECOWAS trade zone during the period 2014 and 2021. Annual time series data were sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization, World Bank Metadata base, and World Integrated Trade Solution. Major findings from the study reveal that trade openness has a significant positive impact on overall food security indicators. However, trade openness has not significantly impacted food availability and …

The Global Value Chain Effects Of Rcep: Estimating The Impact On The Philippines, Caesar B. Cororaton

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This paper extends the global CGE model results of Cororaton (2022) by disaggregating further the RCEP trade creation effects on the Philippines into global value chain (GVC) impacts. The GVC analysis indicates that the trade agreement in RCEP results in higher Philippine exports of US$ 2.8 billion in 2031, of which the increase in Philippine domestic value added is US$ 2.4 billion, significantly higher than the foreign value added of US$ 403 million. Electronic products contribute 67% of the value added generated within the Philippines. The increase in the import contents of Philippine exports is only US$ 413 million. Furthermore, …

It’S Hard To Say: From Customer Opinion Dispersion To Management Voluntary Disclosure Frequency, Xin Zhou

Accounting Dissertations - Archive

This paper examines the relation between the dispersion of customer opinions and the frequency of management’s voluntary disclosures. Analyzing customer review ratings from companies’ mobile applications, I find that a higher standard deviation in customer ratings correlates with lower likelihood of and less frequent management EPS forecasts. This negative association is more pronounced when mobile apps play a more central role in a firm’s business and during the early years following their app launches. The results remain robust across a series of endogeneity tests.

Merchant Guild Culture And Companies’ Sustainable Development: An Empirical Investigation Based On Esg Performance, Yi Wang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In the context of global economic growth and growing emphasis on sustainable development, this study focuses on the impact of merchant guild culture, an important part of traditional Chinese culture, on the sustainable development of enterprises. Through an in-depth exploration of the historical evolution and cultural connotations of merchant guild culture, this paper systematically analyzes its potential influence on corporate behavior and sustainable development. Using a sample of A-share listed companies and applying regression analysis and other empirical research methods, this study finds that merchant guild culture facilitates the sustainable development of enterprises. Mechanism analysis reveals that merchant guild culture …

The Impact Of Key Audit Matters On Earnings Quality: The Moderating Role Of Ownership Structure In Egyptian Listed Companies., Dina Hassouna, Rasha Elhaddad, Rasha Elbolok

Business Administration

This study investigates the influence of key audit matters (KAMs) on earnings quality, measured by earnings per share (EPS), in Egyptian listed companies, with a particular focus on the moderating role of ownership structure. To address potential endogeneity concerns, the study employs the generalized method of moments (GMM) for panel data analysis. The findings indicate that KAM disclosures have a significant negative impact on EPS, suggesting that increased disclosure of critical audit matters is associated with a decline in earnings quality. However, this relationship is moderated by ownership structure, as concentrated ownership helps mitigate the adverse effects of KAMs on …

Case Study: Costing The Wendy's Krabby Patty Kollab, Karen Christine Kleve

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

No abstract provided.

Performance Auditing Trends At A Supreme Audit Institution: Uk National Audit Office, 1999 To 2021, Amir Michael, Laurence Ferry, Bruce Mcdonald, Henry Midgley

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

Performance audits have become increasingly important across the world. Scholars know that a variety of practices are incorporated within performance audits and have mapped this diversity. However, few quantitative studies examine performance auditing as a practice. This study fills that gap. By analyzing the published performance audit documentation of the UK National Audit Office (NAO), the study explores the influences of governmental change and crises behind changes in a supreme audit institution's performance audit. It also examines whether performance audits are diverse by examining the language used by the auditors. The study provides evidence that neither crises nor changes of …

Indirect Earnings Management, Scott B. Jackson, Jason T. Rasso, Aaron F. Zimbleman

Faculty Publications

We hypothesize that managers use their hierarchical role as reviewers of accounting judgments and estimates to manage earnings, which we call indirect earnings management (IEM). Across a series of experiments using highly experienced financial executives as participants, we provide evidence that IEM (1) is likely used by managers to achieve current and future earnings targets, (2) reduces both cognitive dissonance associated with managing earnings and the extent to which managers think that their behaviors constitute earnings management, and (3) is more likely to be used when corporate governance is strong than when corporate governance is weak. The results of this …

Comparing Esg Reporting And Market Dynamics In The Technology And Consumer Industries: Analyzing Investor Reactions And Understanding The Future Of Corporate Reporting, Sophia Nguyen

CMC Senior Theses

The increasing emphasis on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting has sparked debate about its influence on market reactions and corporate transparency. This thesis investigates the impact of ESG disclosures on investor behavior and market dynamics within the technology industry specifically, focusing on the correlation between ESG performance and stock price volatility, as well as other financial ratios. This relationship will be compared to those of various companies within the consumer business industry, to determine whether investors have the same reactions towards consumer business companies compared to consumer-facing technology companies and other technology companies. Additionally, the study explores whether investors …

Uncovering Earnings Management In The U.S. Tech Industry: Strategies To Meet Or Just Beat Analyst Eps Expectations, Morgan Schilling

CMC Senior Theses

This paper investigates earnings management practices within the U.S. tech industry, focusing on firms that meet or just beat analyst EPS expectations. I specifically built off the Stubben (2010) model that used discretionary revenue to identify potential mismanagement across multiple industries. The modified model incorporates deferred revenue as well as accounts receivable to identify revenue recognition practices in an industry where subscription based revenue is highly relevant. I hypothesize that tech firms with aggressive revenue recognition strategies, particularly those with higher levels of accounts receivable, are more likely to engage in earnings management in order to meet EPS targets. A …

Altman Z-Score Relationship With Stock Price Performance After Layoff Announcements, Natalie Phillips

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the broader implications of such workforce reductions, historically prevalent in corporate environments since the advent of "new capitalism" in the late 20th century. Characterized by intense global competition, deregulation, and technological advancements, this era saw a surge in corporate downsizing as a means to enhance efficiency and competitiveness. Despite the strategic intentions, layoffs often signal underlying organizational challenges, prompting critical inquiry into their short- and long-term impacts on firm performance and investor sentiment. Central to this study is the exploration of whether a firm's Altman Z-Score, a metric predicting bankruptcy risk, influences stock price reactions following layoff …

Labor Versus Capital: Impacts Of Employment Lawsuits On Capital Expenditures, Victoria Williams

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis explores the relationship between employment-related litigation and capital expenditures (CapEx) within firms, particularly focusing on the trade-off between labor and capital as automation becomes increasingly viable. It investigates whether legal challenges in the form of labor lawsuits prompt companies to increase investments in automation to mitigate future labor risks and costs related to employing human workers. The research includes analysis of the impact of litigation on CapEx across different time periods and industries. Results suggest a significant, though not unequivocally robust, positive correlation between litigation and CapEx increases. Notably, the impact of litigation on CapEx was more pronounced …