Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Corruption, Responsiveness, And Political Reform In Brazil (1994-2014), Mauricio Izumi, Patrick Silva

Patrick Silva

Corruption is a frequent problem associated with developing countries. Brazil is not an exception; on the contrary, recent periods have been marked by major scandals. For the first time, president partisans were formally prosecuted and arrested because of corruption related crimes. The media played a central role in this process. In this paper, we examine the media role over legislative behavior of Brazilian senators during the period of the largest trial for corruption related crimes. We analyze the frequency of topics related to corruption on the media and how it affects speeches on the floor about corruption and political reform. …

The Homicide Survivors’ Fairness-For-Victims Manifesto, Lester Jackson

LESTER JACKSON

Murderer advocates place a far greater value on the lives of the most savage murderers than on the lives of their victims. Let them deny it; their words and deeds conclusively give the lie to that denial. The critical question is this: Whose concept of justice is going to prevail? The concept of a small but vocal well-financed minority with influence and power out of all proportion to its numbers, or that of the large but poorly financed and disorganized majority. In recent decades, the former have dominated. Tragically, compared to media-dominant murderer advocates, victims have been virtually voiceless. Yes, …

The Death Penalty’S “Finely Tuned Depravity Calibrators” Fairness Follies Of Fairness Phonies Fixated On Criminals Instead Of Crimes, Lester Jackson

LESTER JACKSON

It has been loudly and repeatedly proclaimed by opponents that capital punishment is “unfair.” In their view, it is unfair because (1) only some murderers receive the ultimate sentence and (2) they are not the most deserving. Underlying this view is the remarkable assumption that fairness is subject to “fine tuning” and “moral accuracy.” It is argued here that this assumption is indefensible both in theory and in practice. As a theoretical matter, it is insupportable to suggest that matters of conscience, right and wrong, are subject to calibration or “accuracy.” Right and wrong are not determined in the same …

The Criminological Cultivation Of African American Municipal Police Officers: Sambo Or Sellout, Howard M. Henderson

Howard M Henderson

African American municipal police officers have been historically underrepresented and often face a double marginalization, arguably due to fellow officer and public perceptions. This study represents a first-step criminological cultivation analysis of the quantity and quality of African American municipal police officer depictions in the core cop film genre (1971–2011). Utilizing the unified film population identification methodology, 112 films were identified and examined to determine the overarching messages conveyed through the genre. Findings revealed that White officers were depicted in the lead or joint leading role in 89% (n ¼ 100) and African Americans in 19% (n ¼ 21) of …

Media Persuasion And Voter Welfare, Saptarshi P. Ghosh, Jaideep Roy, Peter Postl

Saptarshi P Ghosh

We study information transmission where an informed media, whose interests are partially in conflict with a finite group of rational voters, transmits news items in an attempt to manipulate democratic decisions. In a common-interest two-alternative voting model where due to reputation concerns the media can credibly commit to send any news reliably, we show that even if voters welcome the news when it arrives, media's presence can hurt their ex-ante welfare in both large and small constituencies.

Sport And The Media In Ireland: An Introduction, Seán Crosson Dr., Philip Dine

Seán Crosson

[Introduction to Media History Special Issue on Sport and the Media in Ireland]. The symbiotic relationship that has existed since the mid-nineteenth century between sport and the media - from the popular press, through newsreels and radio, to television, and beyond - is so well established as hardly to require comment. However, the very familiarity of this long and successful marriage should not blind us to its abiding, and abidingly remarkable, affective power, both for individuals and for communities, real and ‘imagined’, of all kinds. We may thus legitimately pause to reflect on the key role played by the media …

Instrumentalist Use Of Journalism In Imposing The Kemalist Hegemonic Worldview And Educating The Masses In The Early Republican Period, Begum Burak, Ihsan Yilmaz

Begum Burak

Abstract This paper analyses hegemonic use of the press in the process of top-down Kemalist modernization in the early periods of the Turkish Republic that is characterized by one party rule between early 1920s and 1950. In addition to helping Westernization attempts of the Kemalists, the press in this period also was hegemonically engaged in vilification of the past. Moreover, intolerant attitude towards pluralism and plurality of views was the discursive norm of the Turkish press at that time. The journalism and the press in the early years of the Republic had consistently supported the new regime which was committed …

Media Attention & Executive Pay In The Netherlands, Jordan Otten

Jordan Otten

This report is centered around three research questions on newspaper coverage and executive compensation in The Netherlands. 1) How has the coverage developed over the years? 2) How selective are newspapers in their coverage? And 3) What are the influences of newspaper coverage on executive compensation?

Based on the articles that have appeared in the period 1998- mid 2009, it can be concluded that the attention by newspapers is not only of the most recent years. Newspapers do not systematically focus on the better or worse performing companies and do also not focus on the higher or highest paid executives. …

Miscarriage Of Chief Justice: Judicial Power And The Legal Complex In Pakistan Under Musharraf, Shoaib Ghias

Shoaib A. Ghias

This article explores the struggle for judicial power in Pakistan under Pervez Musharraf focusing on two questions. First, how did pro-Musharraf regime judges expand judicial power, leading to a confrontation with the regime? Second, how did the bar and the bench mobilize in the struggle for judicial power? The author shows how, instead of blindly supporting economic liberalization in a period of economic growth, the Supreme Court expanded power by scrutinizing questionable urban development, privatization, and deregulation measures in a virtuous cycle of public interest litigation. The author also describes how a politics of reciprocity explains the social mobilization of …

Identifying Central Actors: A Network Analysis Of The 2009-2010 Health Reform Debate, Jennifer Hayes Clark, Stacey Pelika, Elizabeth Rigby

Jennifer Hayes Clark

The fragmented design of American institutions intentionally diffuses authority among political actors. As a result, tracing the (often changing) distribution of power is essential to better understanding the policymaking process. In this paper, we capitalize on the current health care debate’s multidimensionality and its high salience, as reflected in the extensive media coverage it has attracted. Through network analysis of daily news articles from five news sources that vary in approach and audience, we assess the centrality of each Member of Congress to the health care debate in general, as well as at each stage of this recent policy debate. …

Chaotic But Popular? Extreme-Right Organisation And Performance In The Age Of Media Communication, Antonis A. Ellinas

Antonis A. Ellinas

A notable strain in the literature suggests that party organisation has a net causal effect on the electoral performance of extreme-right parties. This view rests on a somewhat fuzzy definition and static conceptualisation of party organisation. Moreover, this organisational exegesis fails to fully acknowledge the impact of media communications on modern parties. The analysis of the evolution of the French National Front and the consideration of other extreme-right party trajectories casts doubt on conventional accounts of organisational effects pointing to various venues for future research. Party organisation does not affect how parties perform at the ballot box during their earlier …

Hamas Controlled Televised News Media: Counter- Peace, Allen Gnanam

Allen Gnanam

The hegemonic force of Hamas censored televised news media in Gaza, can not be fully comprehended and appreciated without recognizing the role of propaganda, censorship, and the historical context of the middle east. These 3 interrelated dimensions will be analyzed using functionalism, the mass society theory, the dominant ideology framework, the critical criminology framework, and the symbolic interactionist framework. Through censorship, Hamas news media outlets were able to unilaterally inject culturally relevant propaganda, into the minds of children and citizens. The hypodermic syringe model can be applied to the state controlled news media situation in Gaza, as the people of …

Inconvenient Questions: Televisual Representations And The Building Of Kyrgyz National Identity, Greta Uehling

Greta Uehling

No abstract provided.

Ebay And The Blackberry®: A Media Coverage Case Study, Lisa A. Dolak, Blaine T. Bettinger

Lisa A Dolak

Patent owners, potential infringers, and the courts will continue to work through the implications of the Supreme Court’s 2006 decision in eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C. for some time. We look back, however, at media coverage relating to injunctions, “trolls,” and the U.S. patent system generally, in the months preceding the Court’s decision. We show that although eBay featured prominently in news and editorial coverage while it was pending at the Court, it could not compete in the media with another patent case pending at the same time: the case that threatened to darken the Blackberry®. Further, we note that …

Toward A Global Media Ethics: Theoretical Perspectives, Clifford G. Christians, Shakuntala Rao, Stephen J.A. Ward, Herman Wasserman

Shakuntala Rao

Theoretical debates about global media ethics have been marked by disagreements about the nature, possibility, and desirability of a global ethics. This article attempts to address those disagreements by developing an “ethics of universal being” as the philosophical basis for a global media ethics, an ethics expressed by such universals as the sacredness of life, truth, and nonviolence. The article aims to explore various theoretical positions on global media ethics by providing an overview of the literature and seeking ways in which common ground may be found between these different positions. This approach is developed in two ways. First, it …

China- Tibet Conflict, Allen Gnanam

Allen Gnanam

China- Tibet tensions are continually growing, as Tibetans are protesting for total independence from China, despite condemnation from their spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, who is only seeking a sense of autonomy for Tibet (Sinder, 2008). As Tibetan protests are becoming violent and aggressive, the Dalai Lama has also threatened to resign as Tibet’s government in exile (Sinder, 2008), however, his rhetoric is not being exposed to the Tibetan people, due to government censorship in China. Therefore the Dalai Lama, an exiled institutional entrepreneur, has to find new methods that will enable his influential message, to be received by the …

Phased Out: Far Right Parties In Western Europe, Antonis A. Ellinas

Antonis A. Ellinas

No abstract provided.

An International Mission, Matthew Wilburn King

Matthew Wilburn King PhD

University of Tulsa Magazine Publication Issue - Research: Bright Ideas

Media Advisers - Shadow Players In Political Communication, Richard Phillipps

Richard Phillipps

Extract:Synopsis:It is a commonplace in political communication that the news media mediate wider political realities to their audiences. The extent to which that news content is itself mediated by others is a more ambiguous and problematic area. Perhaps because it is rarely directly visible to the public, the work of media advisers or press secretaries has become the subject of much speculation, with sweeping claims about their power. This thesis systematically explores the role of media advisers, a backroom group sometimes labelled spin-doctors or minders. Until now, this pivotal group in democratic political communication has not been the focus of …

University Of Tennessee's Digital Media Service & The Studio: Partnership Approaches To Digital Media Creation, Barbara I. Dewey

Barbara I. Dewey

No abstract provided.