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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Work And Social Reproduction In Rural India: Lessons From Time-Use Data, Smriti Rao, Smita Ramnarain, Sirisha Naidu, Anupama Uppal, Avanti Mukherjee
Work And Social Reproduction In Rural India: Lessons From Time-Use Data, Smriti Rao, Smita Ramnarain, Sirisha Naidu, Anupama Uppal, Avanti Mukherjee
PERI Working Papers
Even as the literature on work in the Global South acknowledges the importance of forms of non-waged work, it has not sufficiently incorporated consideration of the labor of social reproduction. We propose understanding work through four conceptual dyads: waged productive labor, non-waged productive labor, waged reproductive labor, and non-waged reproductive labor. Through an in-depth description of three specific cases from a Time Use Survey we conducted in rural Punjab, India, we argue not only that all four dyads are required to encompass the world of work, but that this more expansive conceptualization can help us produce richer analyses of the …
Beyond The Coronavirus: Understanding Crises Of Social Reproduction, Smriti Rao
Beyond The Coronavirus: Understanding Crises Of Social Reproduction, Smriti Rao
PERI Working Papers
From a feminist political economy perspective, the unfolding of the coronavirus is a further reminder of the fundamental contradiction between a capitalist system that prioritizes profits, and a feminist ethic that prioritizes life-making or social reproduction. This paper argues for a more systematic understanding of crises of social reproduction under capitalism, stressing the difference between such crises for labour, and those for capital. The coronavirus crisis represents an extraordinary example of a crisis of social reproduction for capital, but this paper examines crises of social reproduction for capital and labour that arise from the more ordinary workings of capitalism. The …
The Costs Of Exclusion: Gender Job Segregation, Structural Change, And The Labour Share Of Income, Stephanie Seguino, Elissa Braunstein
The Costs Of Exclusion: Gender Job Segregation, Structural Change, And The Labour Share Of Income, Stephanie Seguino, Elissa Braunstein
PERI Working Papers
While women’s share of employment has risen in many countries over the last two decades, they are increasingly excluded from ‘good’ jobs in the industrial sector, and gender job segregation has worsened. In this paper, the determinants of gender job segregation are assessed using panel data for a broad set of developing countries covering the period 1991-2015. The effect of gender job segregation on all workers, via the labour share of income, is also analysed. The results identify two major contributors to gender job segregation—the rising capital/labour ratio and the ratio of female/male labour force participation rates—indicative of ‘crowding’ and …
Gender, Distribution, And Balance Of Payments Constrained Growth In Developing Countries, Stephanie Seguino
Gender, Distribution, And Balance Of Payments Constrained Growth In Developing Countries, Stephanie Seguino
PERI Working Papers
An unresolved debate in the development literature concerns the impact of gender inequality on economic growth. Previous studies have found that the effect varies, depending on the measure of inequality (wages or capabilities). This paper expands that discussion by considering both the short- and long-run, evaluating the effects of gender equality in two types of economies—semi-industrialized economies (SIEs) and low-income agricultural economies (LIAEs). Further, it incorporates the effect of gender equity on the balance of payments constraint to growth. These preliminary results suggest that gender equality is more likely to stimulate growth in LIAEs than in SIEs in both the …
Global Labor Standards: Their Impact And Implementation, James Heintz
Global Labor Standards: Their Impact And Implementation, James Heintz
PERI Working Papers
This paper reviews the critical issues concerning the establishment of a global system of labor standards. Global labor standards have gained a renewed prominence in policy debates with the rise of the new international division of labor, in which developing countries are producing an ever-increasing share of the world’s manufactured exports. This paper takes a close look at the research and theories that inform the current debates. In particular, it summarizes the arguments in support of global standards, evaluates the threat of unintended negative consequences, examines gender-specific issues relating to low-wage labor and informal employment, and discusses past and present …