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Articles 1 - 30 of 57
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Generational Differences: A Look At Dialectic Formation In Cranston, Rhode Island, Michaela Delgallo
Generational Differences: A Look At Dialectic Formation In Cranston, Rhode Island, Michaela Delgallo
Honors Projects
In most dialects, the pronunciation of the words bear and beer is different. However, dialects found in Charleston, SC and New Zealand merge the vowel sounds found in these words. In both locations, it appears that there is a sound change in progress, resulting in different pronunciations among generations. Cranston, RI may also have this merger and may be undergoing a sound change as well.
To explore this possibility, acoustic recordings and analyses have been made of 18 participants from Cranston. Each participant produced different pairs of words that contained the vowels heard in beer and bear. Three different …
Food Inequality And Social Justice, Jim Almo
Food Inequality And Social Justice, Jim Almo
Honors Projects
Inequality in regular access to healthy food is a complex social justice issue in the United States. The health ramifications of poor food access and the unaffordability of healthy food choices are a consequence of economic systems based on a hierarchy of race, gender, and class structures. This research explores this inequality through the medium of three organizations that are challenging this systemic violence toward marginalized peoples. City Meal Site, Big Train Farm, and The Environmental Justice League of Rhode Island serve different populations with the unified goal of getting healthy food into the hands and mouths of people through …
Metallurgy In The Roman Forts Of Scotland: An Archaeological Analysis, Scott S. Stetkiewicz
Metallurgy In The Roman Forts Of Scotland: An Archaeological Analysis, Scott S. Stetkiewicz
Honors Projects
Investigates the presence of metalworking in thirty-seven Roman forts in Scotland during the Flavian, Antonine, and Severan occupations largely through analysis of published documentation concerning relevant archaeological excavations.
Reflections On Sudanese Languages Of War And Peace, Richard A. Lobban
Reflections On Sudanese Languages Of War And Peace, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
This pap er started as a casual reflection and was not especially scholarly in style, mainly following the 2009 Sudan Studies Association conference theme of war and peace.(1) It just sought to explore some linguistic concepts of war and peace in some Sudanese languages for which I had dictionaries at hand. I had no a priori views or hypotheses and was motivated mainly by my curiosity into Sudanese linguistics. As this survey has evolved, patterns emerged about these concepts that nudged me to look more at the context and etymology . The result is incomplete, but hopefully heuristic . A …
Ethnographic Field Research Methods, Edicta Grullon
Ethnographic Field Research Methods, Edicta Grullon
Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview
Presents ethnographic research methods along with characteristics (evidential and non-evidential "identities") of an anthropologist that may affect his/her access to information and the quality of data collected. Offers several examples from experiences of field researchers. Considers Muslim North Africa as a region demanding attention to its specific cultural realities. Explores ethics and the role of the ethnographer.
Tattoo World, Agnieszka Marczak
Tattoo World, Agnieszka Marczak
Honors Projects
Presents a holistic look at the world of tattoo. Covers the history of the practice of tattooing in Europe, Asia, and the Pacific. Discusses such major issues as tattooing in relation to the body, authenticity, commodification and meaning, functions, medical and legal concerns, the impact of technological developments on the practice, and the increase in popularity of tattooing in recent decades.
The Perils Of Industrial Pig Farming, Richard A. Lobban
The Perils Of Industrial Pig Farming, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
North Carolina is one the nation's several major meat-producing states. Why should we be much concerned about the lives of animals that were being raised for slaughter in the massive food industry? In fact, there is very much more at stake.
Ending Slavery In Sudan, Richard A. Lobban
Ending Slavery In Sudan, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
As amazing and anachronistic as it mat seem, slavery has been revived in the Sudan.
Report To The Metropolitan Museum Of Art: Department Of The Arts Of Africa, Oceania And The Americas, Terence E. Hays
Report To The Metropolitan Museum Of Art: Department Of The Arts Of Africa, Oceania And The Americas, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
In this report I will begin by presenting (Part I) the background to the project, since the work performed during the fellowship period was a continuing part of a larger endeavor, begun in 1993. This sketch will be followed by (Part II), a characterization of my activities and their results at the Museum, and (Part III), a discussion of work remaining to be accomplished and plans for the future. Thirteen appendices (Part IV) will provide detailed information of various kinds that might be useful in whatever applications Museum staff choose to pursue resulting from this work.
Women In The Invisible Economy In Tunis, Richard A. Lobban
Women In The Invisible Economy In Tunis, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
This chapter turns to the theoretical and empirical aspects of the women's presence, or absence, in the economy of the greater metropolitan area of Tunis. It takes off from an earlier work 1 that focused on the informal economy in Tunis in general. However, this study is guided by the assumption that there is an integrated and unitary economy overall. While the overt public economic presence of women is not great in Tunis, this study of the invisible economy require s a model that articulates the role for both men and women. As described in the introduction, this research recognizes …
Sacred Texts And Introductory Texts, Terence E. Hays
Sacred Texts And Introductory Texts, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
A survey of 118 introductory anthropology textbooks published in the period 1929-1990 examines the ways in which Margaret Mead's Coming of Age in Samoa has been presented to college undergraduates. In contrast to Derek Freeman's claim that her conclusions about Samoan sexuality and adolescence have been reiterated (approvingly) in an "unbroken succesion of anthropological textbooks," it appears that this work has been ignored almost as often as it has been cited. Criticesms of Mead, although relatively few and almost entirely methodological, have also been incorporated into texstbooks, both before and following Freeeman's 1983 book, Margaret Mead and Samoa. Whether …
What Does One Do With White People Who Stay?, Terence E. Hays
What Does One Do With White People Who Stay?, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
This article is a retrospective of Terence Hays and his early ethnographic experiences with the Ndumba and with those who had almost no contact with Europeans. Hays draws on other works by those who also played the "pioneer" role in their field work and discusses how the society has handled the impact from the first contact of the "true pioneers" who had arrived almost 20 years prior to Hays and the others. Many of the Highlanders already were drawing on their previous experiences with the Europeans to deal with them as a constant in their lives. Hays notes that even …
Problems And Strategies In The Decipherment Of Meroitic, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Problems And Strategies In The Decipherment Of Meroitic, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Faculty Publications
This article offers a preliminary report on the evolution of the study of Meroitic language and on developing a strategy for expanding its translation from one or two dozen words to some greater number. The strategy is complicated by the essential absence of bilingual texts. Thus, this strategy seeks to synthesize a bilingual environment for the study of Meroitic inscriptions. The first part of this article will review the position of Meroitic in African language systems and discuss why so little progress has been made in the decipherment of Africa's oldest written language after Egyptian hieroglyphics.
"The New Guinea Highlands" Region, Culture Area, Or Fuzzy Set?, Terence E. Hays
"The New Guinea Highlands" Region, Culture Area, Or Fuzzy Set?, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
The criteria for delineating "the New Guinea Highlands," a fundamental category in Melanesian anthropology, are variable, vague, and inconsistently applied, with the result that there is little clarity or agreement with regard to its characteristics and its membership. So far as the literature is concerned, "the New Guinea Highlands" is a fuzzy set. The common resort to notions of "cores," "margins," or "fringes" is an attempt to preserve an essentialist approach but inevitably leads to the same confusion. The continued use of "the Highlands" as an analytic or theoretical construct carries the costs of misleadingly implied homogeneity, with marginalization of …
Democracy In Cape Verde, Richard A. Lobban
Democracy In Cape Verde, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
The news from Africa usually carries headlines about natural disasters, coups, civil wars, human tights abuses and famine. Despite these tragic cases there is also a bright side the upsurge of a new movement of democratization.
"No Tobacco, No Hallelujah" , Terence E. Hays
"No Tobacco, No Hallelujah" , Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
According to myths and legends told by some peoples of New Guinea, tobacco is an ancient and indigenous plant, having appeared sponotaneously in a variety of ways. In other instances, the plant and the custom of smoking it are said to have been established by local culture heroes, while still other traditions prosaically cite adoptions from neighboring groups. On the basis of oral history alone, then, one might conclude that New Guinea tobacco appeared in widely scattered locations in the mythic past, and its distribution at the time of European contact is explainable as simple diffusion within the region.
Interest, Use, And Interest In Uses In Folk Biology, Terence E. Hays
Interest, Use, And Interest In Uses In Folk Biology, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
In this work on folk biological taxonomy, Terence Hays the author, calls upon various works of previous field studies conducted over a long-term period including those by Bulmer, Everyman, Hunn, Brown, and Hymes. Hays looks back to works by Ralph Bulmer and his co-workers where taxonomies of five or six levels deep were not surprising. Hays points out that this is a stark contrast to Everyman, Alexander Portnoy's study regarding the simplicity of Westerners folk systems and then posits why "the folk" classify their environment in great detail. Hays brings to light that it has much to do with the …
Narragansett Indian Subsistence Practices During The Late Woodland Through Contact With Europeans, Denise Mowchan
Narragansett Indian Subsistence Practices During The Late Woodland Through Contact With Europeans, Denise Mowchan
Honors Projects
This project is divided into three sections. Part 1 1s a synthesis of my research on Narragansett Indian subsistence practices before, during and after contact with Europeans. This synthesis is in the form of a model for studying Late Woodland-Contact culture change based on archaeological evidence that a shift in settlement pattern and subsistence practices may have occurred between the Late Woodland and Contact periods. This section was presented at the NEAA meetings in Buffalo this Spring. Part 2 is a review of my proposal for this project. It contains the original steps I intended to follow in conducting my …
Sacred Flutes, Fertility, And Growth In The Papua New Guinea Highlands, Terence E. Hays
Sacred Flutes, Fertility, And Growth In The Papua New Guinea Highlands, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
Since Read's (1952) classic study of the nama cult of the Goroka area, ethnographers in the Papue New Guinea Highlands haved focused considerable attention on what I shall refere to as a "sacred flute complex" around which men's cults are organized. The flutes have been seen as acore symbol of male hegemony, and their associated riges and dogma as key factors in the perpetuation of "antagonistic" relations between the sexes, for which that region has long been known. In specific cases ethnographers have provided ingenious and persuasive analyses of the symbolic aspects of sacred flutes (e.g., Herdt 1981, 1982; Gillison …
Folktales From Habi'ina, Katnantu District, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Folktales From Habi'ina, Katnantu District, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
The people of Habi'ina village live on the northern slopes of Mount Piora in the Dogara Census Division of the Kainantu District, Eastern Highlands Province. Like other Papua New Guineans, they possess a rich oral literature and tell each other stories for a wide variety of reasons. All stories are called huri, but several different types can be distinguished.
Urban Research Strategies, Richard A. Lobban
Urban Research Strategies, Richard A. Lobban
Faculty Publications
The purpose of this article is to outline the contemporary state of the art in urban studies with a focus on theory and topics of current urban research. Discussion moves then to methodological approaches in urban studies and finally some commentary is devoted to strategic research choices given prevailing needs, funding and interests.
A Genealogical And Historical Study Of The Mahas Of The "Three Towns," Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
A Genealogical And Historical Study Of The Mahas Of The "Three Towns," Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Faculty Publications
The Mahas (a Nubian ethnic group) in the central Sudan have made a fundamental contribution to the Islamization and urbanization of this Afro-Arab nation. Their building of the first permanent structures in the "Three Towns" (Khartoum area) may be claimed as the start of the modern process of Sudanese urbanization. The Mahas leaders who became teachers and advisors to the Funj state were also centrally responsible for the spread of Islam along the Blue and White Niles at their confluence at the "Three Towns" in communities which have been occupied continuously for about five centuries.
Utilitarian/Adaptationist Explanations Of Folk Bioglogical Classification, Terence E. Hays
Utilitarian/Adaptationist Explanations Of Folk Bioglogical Classification, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
Attempts to explain the complexity of folk biological classification systems may benefit from utilitarian or adaptationist arguments, focusing on the utilitarian or adaptive value of the behavioral consequences of folk distinctions among organisms. To adequately assess such perspectives it is necessary to resolve a number of theoretical, methodological empirical problems, which are identified and outlined in this paper as a first step toward the construction of such theories of ethnobiological classification.
Urbanization And Malnutrition In The Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Urbanization And Malnutrition In The Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Faculty Publications
The complex and contradictory nature of the process of urbanization is manifest in a wide variety of ways. Inherent within the process are patterns of socio-economic differentiation such as class formation, social stratification and complex division of labor. Topics such as urban health and nutrition demand an anthropological perspective insofar as they are products of human culture and specific relations of production at specific periods. In short, a study of human health would be very limited without an understanding of its anthropological and its epidemiological context. The search for causality and correlation would likewise be frustrated. Remarkably, many inquiries into …
The Antram-Gray House And Experimental Studies Of Rat Middens, Deborah Pandolfini
The Antram-Gray House And Experimental Studies Of Rat Middens, Deborah Pandolfini
Honors Projects
The Antrarn-Gray House is currently being utilized as the Visitor Center for the Roger Williams National Memorial (NPS) in Providence, Rhode Island. An architectural study of this building in 1980 led to the discovery of large rodent middens in the attic and walls. An archaeological study of these deposits yielded over 900 cultural (and non-cultural) materials and a body of data which compliments architectural and social histories of the house. Little information is available for this type of study, necessitating the use of experimental methods and data recovery techniques which are problematic.
Some Cultivated Plants In Ndumba, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Some Cultivated Plants In Ndumba, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
This paper reports on the cultivation and uses of 47 species of minor food crops and other useful plants in Habi'ina village, a Tairora speaking community in the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea.
The Law Of Elephants And The Justice Of Monkeys: Two Cases Of Anti-Colonialism In The Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
The Law Of Elephants And The Justice Of Monkeys: Two Cases Of Anti-Colonialism In The Sudan, Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Faculty Publications
So often the English language literature accepts the "civilizing" mission and "even-handed" governance of the colonial authorities. My research has shown that such judgments are difficult to support. Since this special commemorative issue of Africa Today is celebrating a quarter century of national independence of the Sudan I have sought to use the case study method to reconstruct something of the perception of colonial rule from the eyes of the colonized rather than colonizer. Although it should go without saying, the British forces arrived in the Sudan as a result of military conquest with battlefields anointed in Sudanese blood. Despite …
Uses Of Wild Plants In Ndumba, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Uses Of Wild Plants In Ndumba, Eastern Highlands Province, Terence E. Hays
Faculty Publications
For Papua New Guineans,l as well as for those who wish to understand them better, traiditional knowledge of the local natural environment is a priceless resource. In the face of increasing commitments to a cash economy, however, many communities are rapidly losing their awareness and appreciation of the rich animal and plant worlds which are immediately available to them. As Powell has recently observed (1976), the recorded information regarding traditional plant knowledge and uses has tended to be widely-scattered in the literature and relatively difficult to access, especially for those who stand to benefit the most from it. A recent …
Three Generations Of Italians: Interview With Marie Dicristofaro Strumolo By Norma Delibero, Marie Dicristofaro Strumolo
Three Generations Of Italians: Interview With Marie Dicristofaro Strumolo By Norma Delibero, Marie Dicristofaro Strumolo
Three Generations of Italians
Subjects covered: early schooling, Classical High School, identifying at URI, continuity of foods, values, parents' role in urging higher education, desire to be recognized for accomplishments not ethnic background.
Three Generations Of Italians: Interview With Anna Petteruti By Susan Mcguire, Anna Petteruti
Three Generations Of Italians: Interview With Anna Petteruti By Susan Mcguire, Anna Petteruti
Three Generations of Italians
Subjects covered: life in Italy, family in Italy, reasons for leaving, settlement in America, family in America, social issues.