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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Cognition (2)
- Consciousness (2)
- Sleep (2)
- Action Selection (1)
- Aerobic exercise (1)
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- Animacy Decision Task (1)
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1)
- Autism spectrum disorder (1)
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- Brief mindfulness meditation (1)
- COVIS (1)
- Category Learning (1)
- Childhood Trauma (1)
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- Conceptual Metaphor Theory (1)
- Conscious vs. Unconscious Processes (1)
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- Deliberate Metaphor Theory (1)
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- Electroencephalography (1)
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- Executive function assessment (1)
- Executive functioning (1)
- Executive functions (1)
- False Memory (1)
- Familiarity (1)
- Feature Verbalizability (1)
Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Characterizing A Novel Mobile Game Battery Assessment: A Comparison Of Performance-Based And Survey-Based Executive Functioning Instruments, Josephine A. Pham
Characterizing A Novel Mobile Game Battery Assessment: A Comparison Of Performance-Based And Survey-Based Executive Functioning Instruments, Josephine A. Pham
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Exploratory characterization of a novel mobile game battery was conducted via a correlational comparison with a standardized assessment of executive functioning. Previous literature has shown that computer-based and survey-based instruments have either very weak correlation or no correlation at all – giving the impression that these instruments may not measure the same constructs of executive functioning. Findings from the current exploratory study demonstrated significant associations but weak correlational strength between tasks from the computer-based game battery and an updated standardized survey-based instrument. This confirmed a trend found in previous literature, demonstrating little overlap between both instruments in executive functioning measurement. …
Conscious Perception And Implicit Memory Formation Of A Narrative Presented During Sleep, Sarah E. Hollywood
Conscious Perception And Implicit Memory Formation Of A Narrative Presented During Sleep, Sarah E. Hollywood
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The present study sought to determine the extent of conscious awareness and implicit memory formation of a narrative presented during sleep. Participants were played an excerpt of J.D. Salinger’s Pretty Mouth and Green My Eyes while napping. Afterwards, participants completed a task designed to assess implicit memory to determine if they had formed any memories about words that were either directly stated in the story, or directly related to the plot. Participants who heard the story while asleep responded more quickly to words that had appeared in the story than to words from another story they had not heard. Exactly …
The Impact Of Levodopa Administration On Learning From Short-Term And Long-Term Action Consequences: A Paradigm Validation., Masood Rezaei
The Impact Of Levodopa Administration On Learning From Short-Term And Long-Term Action Consequences: A Paradigm Validation., Masood Rezaei
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Behavioral and neuroimaging studies have identified two valuation systems in the human brain for controlling behavior known as model-free (MF) and model-based (MB). MF is based on immediate evaluation and MB is based on long-term evaluation of the outcome of our decisions. Previous studies suggest that dopamine baseline activity may play an important role in the balance between the two systems and determine how they compete or interact in controlling our actions. The overarching aims of this study is to investigate the impact of levodopa administration on learning from immediate and long-term action consequences, and to dissociate the role of …
Feeling-Of-Knowing Experiences Breed Curiosity, Gregory Brooks
Feeling-Of-Knowing Experiences Breed Curiosity, Gregory Brooks
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
It is well-established that curiosity has benefits for learning. Less is known about potential links between curiosity and memory retrieval. In theoretical work on metacognition it has been argued that retrieval experiences that occur during memory search can exert control over behaviour. States of curiosity, which can be defined as behavioural tendencies to seek out information, may play a critical role in this control function. We conducted two experiments to address this idea, focusing on links between feeling-of knowing (FOK) experiences, memory-search duration, and subsequent information-seeking behaviour. We administered an episodic FOK paradigm that probed memory for previously studied arbitrary …
The Role Of Neural Entrainment In Statistical Learning, Jordan-Jerrica Mulgrew
The Role Of Neural Entrainment In Statistical Learning, Jordan-Jerrica Mulgrew
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Statistical learning (SL) refers to our ability to extract patterns from the environment. Research has long acknowledged the importance of SL in language; however, the neural mechanisms underlying SL remain largely unknown. One potential mechanism is neural entrainment, which refers to the tendency of endogenous neural oscillations to align with an ongoing rhythmic stimulus. In the context of SL, neural entrainment may align neural excitability to the ongoing structure of the speech stream, increasing sensitivity to underlying patterns and supporting the learning of word boundaries. This thesis tested the hypothesis that neural entrainment plays a causal role in SL by …
Investigating The Relationship Between Event Knowledge, Autistic Traits, And Social Ability: A Network Science Approach, Kara E. Hannah
Investigating The Relationship Between Event Knowledge, Autistic Traits, And Social Ability: A Network Science Approach, Kara E. Hannah
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Event knowledge, a person’s understanding of patterns of activities in the world, is crucial for everyday social interactions. Atypical event knowledge could contribute to social communication problems, which are prominent in autism spectrum disorder. Previous research has found atypical event knowledge in autistic individuals; however, research is minimal. In two studies, the relationship between event knowledge and autistic traits, namely social abilities, was investigated. I predicted associations between atypical event knowledge and poorer social abilities. In Study 1, lower social ability correlated with more atypical ordering of event activities. In Study 2, for atypical activity ordering, a relationship was found …
The Conceptual Metaphor False Memory Effect, Jeffrey N. Reid
The Conceptual Metaphor False Memory Effect, Jeffrey N. Reid
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Conceptual Metaphor Theory posits that cross-domain mappings play a fundamental role in thought. However, to date there has been little research investigating the influence of conceptual metaphors in the subdomains of cognitive psychology, such as learning, concepts, and memory, leading critics to argue that conceptual metaphors are not psychologically real. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore whether conceptual metaphors influence episodic memory. In four experiments, a modified version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm was employed in which participants studied lists of expressions. Every expression within each list was based on a proposed conceptual metaphor. For example, the TIME …
Microdosing Mindfulness: Understanding The Effects Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation In Children With Adhd, Marcus D. Gottlieb
Microdosing Mindfulness: Understanding The Effects Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation In Children With Adhd, Marcus D. Gottlieb
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Mindfulness Meditation (MM) is receiving increased empirical support as a method for addressing ADHD symptomology. Research shows that MM interventions lasting weeks or months promote key aspects of cognitive and psycho-emotional functioning in youth with ADHD. Using a pre-post within-subjects design, we sought to determine whether a single MM session supports neurocognitive and/or psycho-emotional functioning in youth with ADHD. Sixteen participants aged 10-14 completed measures of executive and psycho-emotional functioning before/after a 10-minute MM session and silent reading control. Functional neuroimaging assessed whether MM supported changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation during cognitive tasks. We found that a single MM …
Individual Differences In Cognitive Flexibility And Cognitive Map Accuracy, Vanessa C. Cunha
Individual Differences In Cognitive Flexibility And Cognitive Map Accuracy, Vanessa C. Cunha
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
Research has demonstrated broad individual differences in the ability to form a cognitive map of a novel environment. The current study investigated whether individual differences in cognitive map accuracy are driven by differences in cognitive flexibility specifically, the ability to switch between tasks. Using the Silcton virtual environment, participants explored four routes in Silcton and were assessed on cognitive map accuracy using the Silcton onsite pointing task and the Silcton model building task. To assess task-switching, perseveration error from the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST) was measured. There was a significant correlation between the WCST and the onsite pointing task, …
The Effects Of Verbalizable Features On Category Learning Strategies, Marwan A. Syed
The Effects Of Verbalizable Features On Category Learning Strategies, Marwan A. Syed
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The present study investigated the effects of how verbalizable features (easy vs not-easily) are on category learning strategies with respect to the COVIS model, which states there are two competing systems (verbal and implicit) that operate simultaneously when making categorization decisions. A total of 102 undergraduate students took part in the experiment, which was an A-B categorization task conducted in a video game setting. A rule-based approach reflected the verbal system whereas a family resemblance approach reflected the implicit system. The findings partially support the hypothesis and COVIS model in that participants in the easily verbalizable condition were more likely …
Formation Of Implicit Memories From A Narrative Played During Sleep, Amanat Ludhar
Formation Of Implicit Memories From A Narrative Played During Sleep, Amanat Ludhar
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Though, it was previously thought that the sleeping brain was dormant, research suggests that participants can process salient stimuli and form implicit memories of simple stimuli (e.g. words) during sleep. Thus, the current study aimed to determine whether participants could form implicit memories of a narrative played during sleep, and what role different sleep stages played in this memory formation. Participants were played a story while taking a nap, and EEG was used to track time spent in different sleep stages. Later, participants completed an implicit memory task where they were asked to differentiate between animal and non-animal words through …
Does Psychological Resilience Affect The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experience And Self-Regulation?, Jiacheng Yu
Does Psychological Resilience Affect The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experience And Self-Regulation?, Jiacheng Yu
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The present study investigated the potential effect of psychological resilience on the relationship between adverse childhood experience (ACEs) and self-regulation. There were 18 adult participants (five males and 13 females). The ages ranged from 19 to 30 (M = 23.11, SD = 3.39) years old. To measure psychological resilience, ACEs, and self-regulation, participants were required to respectively finish the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire, and the Two-Urn Task. Contrary to expectation, data analysis showed that the negative correlation between ACEs and self-regulation remained statistically significant regardless of the resilience level, suggesting that resilience did not alleviate …
Comparing Executive Functions In Dancers Versus Aerobic Exercisers: A Study On Older Adults, Jai S. Ravipati
Comparing Executive Functions In Dancers Versus Aerobic Exercisers: A Study On Older Adults, Jai S. Ravipati
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Many older adults may experience cognitive decline with aging, and with a rising aging population it is important to investigate interventions that improve cognitive functions. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in executive functioning between older adult dancers and older adult aerobic exercisers. Given that dance involves the use of executive functions, in addition to engaging in aerobic exercise, older adult dancers were expected to score higher on the executive functioning tasks than the older adult aerobic exercisers. Using the Cambridge Brain Sciences Battery to assess executive functioning, this study sought to compare older adults, 50 years …