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Marta, Marta, Tsos

TSOS Interview Gallery

Marta is a member of the support community for Central American refugees arriving in the southwest US. In this interview, Marta shares her own story of crossing the border at a young age with her daughter and her life in the US. Marta was self-employed for many years and later went on to serve in the US Army in Iraq. For the last 9 months, she and her husband Israel and son Josue have worked tirelessly to help make sure the current refugees arriving are cared for after they are released from detention centers and begin their lives in the …

1916 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Index To Volumes Ii-Iv, Zephyrin Engelhardt

Franciscan Publications

This 1916 publication is an index of Volumes I through IV for Engelhardt's Missions and Missionaries of California.

1912 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Vol. Ii, Upper California, Part I, General History, Zephyrin Engelhardt

Franciscan Publications

Volume II was a general accounting of the missions and missionaries in Upper California. Section I addressed the establishment and administration of the missions by Fr. Junípero Serra. Section II covered the administration of Fr. Fermín Francisco de Lasuén and Fr. Estevan Tapis. The author posited that the real object of the conquest and occupation of Alta California was not the establishment of the Catholic faith in California but rather to fund expeditions and secure the land from the Russians and others who were making expeditions in the region. Engelhardt's evidence was the fact that the Spanish government seized and …

1913 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Vol. Iii, Upper California, Part Ii, General History, Zephyrin Engelhardt

Franciscan Publications

Volume III, Section I of Engelhardt's series on California missions covers largely the period of 1812 through 1830 addressing the challenges and difficulties facing the missionaries including the scarcity of resources and labor. He described the invasion of Monterey and other ports in Upper California by Hipólte Bouchard in 1818. Section II covers the period of 1830 through 1836 and the secularization of the missions by the Mexican government during which time the missionaries held their posts until either death or the government relieved them of the responsibility of protecting the neophytes against "white rapacity" and the destruction of the …

1915 - The Missions And Missionaries Of California, Vol. Iv, Upper California, Part Iii, General History, Zephyrin Engelhardt

Franciscan Publications

The fourth and final volume in Engelhardt's series on the general history of the California missions and generally concludes with the narrative in the early 1850s time period. The author noted that, "... a cursory view of the situation revealed such un common struggles in behalf of the Indians against military usurpation and colonist cupidity, accompanied and followed by such extraordinary misrepresentations and calumnies, that only a documentary history would satisfy the critical student and intelligent reader. ... The character of the missionaries, their religious and moral principles, their object, methods, resources, successes and reverses were examined and recorded in …

1789 - Storia Della California, Francesco Saverio Clavigero

Miscellaneous Publications – Spanish

The history of Mexico collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and old paintings of Indians, along with discussion of the animals and inhabitants of Mexico. Includes illustrated charts and copperplates. Clavigero was born at Vera Cruz, Mexico, September 9, 1731;, and he died in Bologna, Italy, on April 2, 1787. At the age of seventeen he entered the Society of Jesus. Subsequently, his attention was drawn Mto the valuable collection of documents on Mexican history and antiquities deposited there by Siguenza y Gongora, from which he derived much of his information.

1825 - Notes Made From Mexico, J. R. Poinsett

Miscellaneous Publications – Mexican

A compilation of notes and letters written by the author from the United States during his journey through Mexico in the autumn of 1822. Poinsett discussed the various accounts of the cause and character of the revolution against Spain. It includes a historical sketch in the Appendix . The Appendix also includes a number of historical documents (translated into English) including, in part: Iturbide’s Message to Congress; the Manifest Addressed to the Mexican People by Regiment No. 1 of the Infantry of the Line; the Decree of the Executive of Mexico published October 8, 1823; and the Project of a …

1822 - Constitucion Politica De La Monarquia EspañOla, Promulgada En Cadiz El Dia 19 De Marzo De 1812 Con La Relacion De Lo Acaecido En EspañA Desde El Dia 1 De Enero Hasta ÚLtimos De Marzo Del AñO 1820

Miscellaneous Publications – Spanish

On March 19, 1812, during the Spanish War of Independence (1808−14), the Cortes of Cádiz promulgated the Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy. The liberal in character Constitution was the first constitution in Spain that established national sovereignty and the division of powers. King Fernando VII reigned for a short period in 1808, before being overthrown by Napoleon. In 1813, Fernando regained the throne at the conclusion of the war of independence. Fernando abolished the Constitution restoring absolute monarchical power. Fernando exercised this power until the end of his reign in 1833, except for the liberal three-year period of 1820 to …

1821, The Plan Of Iguala

Mexican Government Documents

The Plan of Iguala also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees ("Plan Trigarante"), was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain. It sealed the alliance of two groups - the insurgents under Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria with the regular army under the command of a former Spanish lieutenant, Agustin de Iturbde. The Plan praised the work of Spain in the Americas but argued that Mexico was prepared for self-government under a constitutional monarchy and provided that Catholicism would be the religion of the nation, …

1885 - History Of California, Volume 1 Theodore Henry Hittell

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

Volume I details the discovery of California, Coretes' expedition to California, including the voyage and discoveries of Francisco de Ulloa, expedition of Coronado to Cibola and Quivira, discovery of Alta California by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, the Philippines trade, Francis Drake, New Albion, Thomas Cavendish, Woodes Rogers, Privateersman Captain George Shelvocke, governors of California; Mexican independence from Spain, Northwest-Coast fur trade, overland expeditions and explorations to the West, Indian religion and superstitions.

1885 - History Of California, Volume 2, Theodore Henry Hittell

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

Hittell devotes the first portion of Volume 2 to the Mexican Governors of California including Pablo Vicente de Sola, Luis Antonio Arguello, Jose Maria de Echeandia, Manuel Victoria, Pio Pico, Jose Figueroa, Mariano Chico, Nicolas Gutierrez. Juan Bautista Alvarado, Jose Manuel Micheltorena, Hittell also describes the people and circumstances leading up to the war between the United States and Mexico: John C. Fremont, Bear Flag Revolution, Texas Revolution, and Florida Treaty. The final portion of Hittell's book addressed the social and cultural aspects of life in Alta California, missionaries, physical geography, geology, botany and zoology of Alta California, Americans in …

1889 - Sixty Years In California, William Heath Davis

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

The author, who arrived in Alta California in 1831, wrote about his extended experience as it related to the manners and customs of the people, their methods of trade, of social and political history of the Mexican government and of its successor, the Territory and then State of California, The book covers 60 years of history of events and life in California; the personal, political and military, under the Mexican Regime, during the quasi-military government of the Territory by the United States, and after the Admission of California into the Union. While the 63 chapters cover a broad and detailed …

1901 - The Transition Period Of California From A Province Of Mexico In 1846 To A State Of The American Union In 1850

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

A detailed description of events that transpired from 1846 when to 1850 when California became a state of the United States of America. The author gives a brief account of peoples already living in California and events preceding the war with Mexico. He discusses efforts by other countries to get a foothold in California, the war with Mexico, the treaty, the conventions held to establish California first as a territory and then as a state.

1891 - Life In California During A Residence Of Several Years In That Territory, Alfred Robinson

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

The personal observations of Alfred Robinson of the Spanish rule and more detailed descriptions under Mexican rule of Alta California were originally published in 1846. The 1891 updated version Included is an appendix that describing the events that transpired after the period when California was an independent government, thought not yet recognized as such by Mexico. He also included an addition at the end of his book entitled, Reminisces of 1829.

1910 - The United States Consulate In California

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

This is the story of the first and only United States consulate in California. Thomas Oliver Larkin served in four different official capacities under the United States government -- as United States consul in California from 1844 to 1848; as confidential agent of the government from 1846 to 1848; as navy agent from 1847 to 1849; and as a naval store keeper from 1847 to 1848. Rumors of war with Mexico over Texas and later with England over the Oregon boundary reach California.

When Larkin became consul for the United States, the US consular service was on an uncertain basis …

1910 - A Mission Record Of The California Indians; Putnam, Kroeber

Miscellaneous Documents and Reports

The Mission Record of the California Indians was in response to a list of questions sent to Alta California in 1811 by the Spanish government of Mexico. The “interrogatorio” was answered at the various missions, the replies collected and prefaced by the president of the mission with a short general statement or abstract of the answers received to each question and then presumably forwarded to Mexico with a copy retained in the archives of the Santa Barbara Mission.

1910 - A Mission Record Of The California Indians; Putnam, Kroeber

Miscellaneous Publications

The Mission Record of the California Indians was in response to a list of questions sent to Alta California in 1811 by the Spanish government of Mexico. The “interrogatorio” was answered at the various missions, the replies collected and prefaced by the president of the mission with a short general statement or abstract of the answers received to each question and then presumably forwarded to Mexico with a copy retained in the archives of the Santa Barbara Mission.