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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Editors’ Introduction, Christian Gudehus, Susan Braden, Randle Defalco, Roland Moerland, Brian Kritz, Joann Digeorgio-Lutz, Lior Zylberman
Editors’ Introduction, Christian Gudehus, Susan Braden, Randle Defalco, Roland Moerland, Brian Kritz, Joann Digeorgio-Lutz, Lior Zylberman
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Karma After Democratic Kampuchea: Justice Outside The Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Caroline Bennett
Karma After Democratic Kampuchea: Justice Outside The Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Caroline Bennett
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
This article considers ways people in Cambodia narrate the Khmer Rouge regime and its genocide outside the bounds of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC). Based on anthropological fieldwork, I explore how informants use ‘karma’ to discuss the genocide, and by doing so create their own understandings and lived experiences of that period of historical violence, understandings that do not fit neatly into the narrative modes created by the courts. By stepping outside the court, I consider ways of dealing with the genocide that exist beyond the international framework of transitional justice, thereby asking wider questions of …
"I Wanted Them To Be Punished Or At Least Ask Us For Forgiveness”: Justice Interests Of Female Victim-Survivors Of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence And Their Experiences With Gacaca, Judith Rafferty
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Survivors of human rights abuses need to experience a sense of justice to support their individual recovery. Women who have experienced conflict-related sexual violence have specific justice interests that are distinct from those of survivors of other abuses. This article focuses on justice interests of Rwandan women who experienced sexual violence during the genocide in Rwanda and who had their cases tried in gacaca community courts between 2008 and 2012. The article discusses two justice interests that emerged during interviews with 23 Rwandan women about their gacaca experience. These interests include the punishment of perpetrators and perpetrators taking responsibility for …
Holding Back The Tide: Genocide Prevention In Our More Violent World, Alex J. Bellamy
Holding Back The Tide: Genocide Prevention In Our More Violent World, Alex J. Bellamy
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
for all the progress that was made in building barriers against genocide – and we should not shy away from acknowledging that significant progress was indeed made – we find ourselves facing a major problem. History is taking its revenge. Since the start of the ‘Arab Spring’ in early 2011, global trends in mass violence have moved consistently in the wrong direction. The number of armed conflicts have increased. Some reports suggest a six-hundred fold increase in the annual number of civilian casualties in war. Atrocity crimes are committed with increasing regularity. Perpetrators exhibit a confidence bred of impunity. Forced …
The Duty To Prevent Genocide Under International Law: Naming And Shaming As A Measure Of Prevention, Björn Schiffbauer
The Duty To Prevent Genocide Under International Law: Naming And Shaming As A Measure Of Prevention, Björn Schiffbauer
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
In contrast to prosecuting and punishing committed acts of genocide, the Genocide Convention is silent as to means of preventing future acts. Today it is generally accepted that the duty to prevent is legally binding, but there is still uncertainty in international law about its specific content. This article seeks to fill this gap in the light of the object and purpose of the Genocide Convention. It provides a minimum requirement approach, i.e. indispensable State actions to comply with their duty to prevent: naming and shaming situations of genocide as what they are. Even situations from times before the Genocide …
New Documents Shed Light: Why Did Peacekeepers Withdraw During Rwanda’S 1994 Genocide?, Emily A. Willard
New Documents Shed Light: Why Did Peacekeepers Withdraw During Rwanda’S 1994 Genocide?, Emily A. Willard
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Why did the international community decide to withdraw United Nations peacekeeping troops from Rwanda during the 1994 genocide? Analysis of newly released documents and results from an international conference with former U.N. and government officials sheds further light on our understanding of what took place leading up to and during the Rwandan genocide. This article focuses on two key moments: 1) the United States’ reluctance to support the peacekeeping mission from before its mandate began and prior to the killing of U.S. troops in Somalia in autumn 1993; and the United States’ central role pushing the United Nations Security Council …
The Evacuation Of Phnom Penh During The Cambodian Genocide: Applying Spatial Video Geonarratives To The Study Of Genocide, James A. Tyner, Andrew Curtis, Sokvisal Kimsroy, Chhunly Chhay
The Evacuation Of Phnom Penh During The Cambodian Genocide: Applying Spatial Video Geonarratives To The Study Of Genocide, James A. Tyner, Andrew Curtis, Sokvisal Kimsroy, Chhunly Chhay
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
On April 17, 1975 Khmer Rouge soldiers began the forcible evacuation of Phnom Penh, Cambodia’s capital city. The evacuation has been the subject of considerable debate surrounding the Cambodian genocide and remains a topic of prime importance toward the understanding of Khmer Rouge policy and practice. In this field note, we present a geographically-informed account of the evacuation in order to provide a more fine-grained analysis of Khmer Rouge practice. More specifically, employing spatial video geonarratives, we provide a systematic investigation of the evacuation, as retraced by six evacuees. In so doing we contribute also to the emergent use of …
Book Review: All Necessary Measures: The United Nations And Humanitarian Intervention, Deborah Mayersen
Book Review: All Necessary Measures: The United Nations And Humanitarian Intervention, Deborah Mayersen
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Jewish Masculinity In The Holocaust: Between Destruction And Construction, Kevin Gentzler
Book Review: Jewish Masculinity In The Holocaust: Between Destruction And Construction, Kevin Gentzler
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story Of Indian Enslavement In America, Emily A. Willard
Book Review: The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story Of Indian Enslavement In America, Emily A. Willard
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Straining To Prevent The Rohingya Genocide: A Sociology Of Law Perspective, Katherine Southwick
Straining To Prevent The Rohingya Genocide: A Sociology Of Law Perspective, Katherine Southwick
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
This paper analyzes the generally muted international response to the protracted plight of the Rohingya, a persecuted Muslim minority in Myanmar, from the perspective of sociology of law. The first part provides background on the Rohingya crisis and discusses relevant international legal frameworks relating to crimes against humanity and genocide. The second part adapts analytical frameworks developed by Felstiner, Abel, and Sarat on the emergence and transformation of disputes, in order to examine some of the factors that frustrate the processes of naming crimes, blaming perpetrators, and claiming rights and protection for the Rohingya minority in the international context. Work …
Memory And Distance: On Nobuhiro Suwa's A Letter From Hiroshima, Jessica Fernanda Conejo Muñoz
Memory And Distance: On Nobuhiro Suwa's A Letter From Hiroshima, Jessica Fernanda Conejo Muñoz
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
A Letter from Hiroshima is the second production directed by Nobuhiro Suwa on the Japanese city that was ravaged by the atomic bombings, by the United States, in 1945. The short film is a reflective game which approach to the past is based on distancing effects. The distance, understood in the sense of Brecht and counter cinema, is part of an experimental process that becomes a political technique of construction and decipherment of memory. Suwa’s work is opposed to the belief that history is something that can be narrated, since the approximation to the past is not carried out through …
Bonding Images: Photography And Film As Acts Of Perpetration, Christophe Busch
Bonding Images: Photography And Film As Acts Of Perpetration, Christophe Busch
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Historical and contemporary cases of collective violence show an incremental use of photography and film to capture and disseminate violent acts. Recording cruelty during conflict seems to be a highly ritualised practice that urges the question what communicative and psychological functions these acts have? Why and how does perpetrator photography shape a binding moral world that divides 'us' versus 'them'? These visualising acts are commonly seen as proof of power that desensitises the perpetrators and dehumanises the victims. This contribution focuses on the imagery of the Holocaust, looks into the functions that capturing and sharing cruelty has on the evolution …
Book Review: To Kill A People: Genocide In The Twentieth Century, Caroline Bennett
Book Review: To Kill A People: Genocide In The Twentieth Century, Caroline Bennett
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Nineteen Minutes Of Horror: Insights From The Scorpions Execution Video, Iva Vukušić
Nineteen Minutes Of Horror: Insights From The Scorpions Execution Video, Iva Vukušić
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
After the fall of Srebrenica in summer of 1995, the Scorpions unit, dispatched to support the Bosnian Serb Army as it took over the enclave, shot six men in Trnovo. The men, three of whom were underage, were some of thousands of Bosnian Muslims that fell into the hands of Bosnian Serb troops, and that were executed in the days and weeks following July 11th. A member of the unit filmed the execution. Fragments of the video were first shown during the Slobodan Milosevic trial, and multiple times in the years after, in the courtrooms in The Hague and Belgrade. …
Book Review: Rwanda Before The Genocide: Catholic Politics And Ethnic Discourse In The Late Colonial Era, Randall Fegley
Book Review: Rwanda Before The Genocide: Catholic Politics And Ethnic Discourse In The Late Colonial Era, Randall Fegley
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Genocide: A World History, Renato S. Bahia
Book Review: Genocide: A World History, Renato S. Bahia
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Democidal Thinking: Patterns In The Mindset Behind Organized Mass Killing, Gerard Saucier, Laura Akers
Democidal Thinking: Patterns In The Mindset Behind Organized Mass Killing, Gerard Saucier, Laura Akers
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
We derived a model identifying observable attitudes among perpetrators of democides - mass-killing programs associated with governments that cost over 160 million lives in the last century. These attitudes, evident in rhetoric mobilizing support for killing, have previously received too little systematic study. Content-analysis of text from 20 prominent, diversely sampled cases of democide from around the world yielded 20 typical features of democidal mindset, present in most cases. These prominently included essentialist beliefs in out-group inferiority, dehumanization and moral exclusion, a paranoid-thinking style, and certain forms of nationalism, among numerous other features. These can function to facilitate the inculpation …
Book Review: Constructing Genocide And Mass Violence: Society, Crisis, Identity, Carola Lingaas
Book Review: Constructing Genocide And Mass Violence: Society, Crisis, Identity, Carola Lingaas
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
The Gardening States: Comparing State Repression Of Ethnic Minorities In The Soviet Union And Turkey, 1908-1945, Duco Heijs
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
The concept of demographic engineering has been of great importance to the understanding of state violence towards ethnic minority groups. The application of this concept to understand the similarities and differences of repressive policies towards ethnic minorities in the Soviet Union and (Ottoman) Turkey, however, is so far lacking in the debate. This article tackles this issue by investigating the similarities and differences of the origin, formation, and implementation of state violence towards ethnic minority groups in the form of mass internal resettlement programs launched by these two regimes in the first half of the twentieth century. This comparative survey …
Denial In Other Forms, Paul N. Avakian
Denial In Other Forms, Paul N. Avakian
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Conventional understandings of denial are rooted in the analysis of language used to negate claims of genocide, and shed little light on the effects of denial beyond words heard or read. Is denying the crime only concerned with refuting its occurrence? Is there more at stake in denying genocide crimes than a lack of mutuality over whether it happened? To deny a crime is to deny what is owed those harmed by the crime, and this involves accountability and restitution according to relevant law. Written or spoken words that reject outright, re-characterize, confuse, or shift blame bring harm on an …
‘I Am Rwandan’: Unity And Reconciliation In Post-Genocide Rwanda, Laura E. R. Blackie, Nicki Hitchcott
‘I Am Rwandan’: Unity And Reconciliation In Post-Genocide Rwanda, Laura E. R. Blackie, Nicki Hitchcott
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Drawing on a corpus of ten oral interviews with survivors and perpetrators of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, we examine how the government’s policy of unity and reconciliation has shaped post-genocide identities and intergroup relations in local Rwandan communities. By focusing on the relationships between individuals and the national post-genocide narrative, we show how the socio-political context in Rwanda influences how people locate themselves and how they ascribe rights and duties to and in relation to others. Specifically, we use positioning theory as an interpretive lens to argue that individuals view adherence to the government’s post-genocide narrative …
Cold Genocide: Falun Gong In China, Maria Cheung, Torsten Trey, David Matas, Richard An
Cold Genocide: Falun Gong In China, Maria Cheung, Torsten Trey, David Matas, Richard An
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
The article explores patterns of a cold genocide in the eradication campaign against Falun Gong. Falun Gong is a spiritual practice that has been targeted for eradication by the Chinese regime since 1999. In comparison to the documented cases of genocide, the genocide of Falun Gong stands out as anomalous because it is virtually ignored. The article seeks to elucidate the multi-faceted nature of this concealed genocide from an interdisciplinary perspective encompassing social work, medicine and law, In particular, the article demonstrates that the eradication campaign against Falun Gong is distinguishable as a cold genocide as it is: (1) multi-dimensional …
Book Review: Negotiating Genocide In Rwanda: The Politics Of History, Dorina Bekoe
Book Review: Negotiating Genocide In Rwanda: The Politics Of History, Dorina Bekoe
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Violence As A Generative Force: Identity, Memory, And Nationalism In A Balkan Community, Kjell Anderson
Book Review: Violence As A Generative Force: Identity, Memory, And Nationalism In A Balkan Community, Kjell Anderson
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Film Review: First They Killed My Father: A Daughter Of Cambodia Remembers, Timothy Williams
Film Review: First They Killed My Father: A Daughter Of Cambodia Remembers, Timothy Williams
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.
Book Review: La Muerte Del Verdugo: Reflexiones Interdisciplinarias Sobre El Cadáver De Los Criminales De Masa, Vincent Druliolle
Book Review: La Muerte Del Verdugo: Reflexiones Interdisciplinarias Sobre El Cadáver De Los Criminales De Masa, Vincent Druliolle
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
Review of La Muerte del Verdugo. Reflexiones Interdisciplinarias Sobre el Cadáver de los Criminales de Masa, ed. Séviane Garibian (Buenos Aires: Miño y Dávila editores, 2016)
The Reduction Of Mass Atrocity Crimes In East Asia: The Evolving Norms Of Asean's Prevention Mechanisms, David A. Frank
The Reduction Of Mass Atrocity Crimes In East Asia: The Evolving Norms Of Asean's Prevention Mechanisms, David A. Frank
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
ASEAN member states represent a region that has experienced a dramatic reduction in mass atrocity crimes in the last forty years. Scholars have identified three structural explanations for this reduction: the decrease in the use of mass atrocities as a tool of war, rising incomes, and the spread of democracy. The evolution of complex and contested human rights norms during this same period contributed significantly to the positive role played by the three structural factors in the decline of atrocity crimes. This paper highlights the human rights norms that anchor ASEAN atrocity prevention mechanisms and suggests that the association can …
National Mechanisms For The Prevention Of Atrocity Crimes, Samantha Capicotto, Rob Scharf
National Mechanisms For The Prevention Of Atrocity Crimes, Samantha Capicotto, Rob Scharf
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
The field of atrocity crimes prevention has witnessed a trend over the previous three to four years in which states around the world are employing a new approach to the development and implementation of preventive policies. This trend has partly manifested in the establishment of what are called National Mechanisms for Atrocity Crimes Prevention. The Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation (AIPR) among others, through its work supporting governments and their institutions to develop or strengthen policies and practices for the prevention of genocide and other mass atrocities, has been working with members of these National Mechanisms and following their …
Why The United Nations Underperforms At Preventing Mass Atrocities, Edward C. Luck
Why The United Nations Underperforms At Preventing Mass Atrocities, Edward C. Luck
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
No abstract provided.