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2009

Crime

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Articles 1 - 30 of 36

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

An Empirical Examination Of Firearm Users In Brasilia, Df, Adolfo Sachsida, Andre V. Mollick, Mario Jorge Cardoso De Mendonca Dec 2009

An Empirical Examination Of Firearm Users In Brasilia, Df, Adolfo Sachsida, Andre V. Mollick, Mario Jorge Cardoso De Mendonca

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper relates individuals’ characteristics to the probability of possessing firearms: a) inside the home; b) outside the home; and c) inside and outside the home. Extending the literature on the demand for firearms whose focus is on the first trait, we collected survey data on 2,045 random individuals of Brasília, Brazil, in 2002. The multinominal logit model yields several new results. First, while we do find that a person’s educational level negatively affects the likelihood that an individual will use arms only outside his or her home, education does not affect the probability of an individual possessing a gun …

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Who Suffers More From Crime?, Mohammad Amin Nov 2009

Who Suffers More From Crime?, Mohammad Amin

Mohammad Amin

Existing studies aimed at identifying individuals or economic agents that suffer more from crime than others are based on the incidence of crime or the proportion of agents within a group that experience one or more incident of crime during a given period of time. This paper shows that studies based solely on the incidence of crime may provide a misleading picture as to who suffers more from crime. In a sample of about 6,000 manufacturing firms in 14 Latin American countries, we find that large firms are more likely to experience an incident of crime than the small firms …

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Sports Franchises, Stadiums, And City Livability: An Examination Of Professional Sports And Crime Rates, Robert Baumann, Bryan Engelhardt, Victor Matheson, Taylor Ciavarra Nov 2009

Sports Franchises, Stadiums, And City Livability: An Examination Of Professional Sports And Crime Rates, Robert Baumann, Bryan Engelhardt, Victor Matheson, Taylor Ciavarra

Economics Department Working Papers

We estimate the impact sporting events have on local crime rates using the technique developed in Arellano and Bond (2001). For events, we consider the presence of MLB, NBA, NFL, and NHL franchises as well as whether a city held one of the respective championships, the Olympics, or World Cup matches. We find little to no evidence that sporting events are correlated with either property or violent crime.

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Sources Of Informal Social Control And The Relationship To Victimization In Southeastern Virginia, Jennifer R. Jones Oct 2009

Sources Of Informal Social Control And The Relationship To Victimization In Southeastern Virginia, Jennifer R. Jones

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The link between community characteristics and crime has been at the forefront of criminological research for some time. Social disorganization theory focuses on the relationship between structural characteristics of communities and crime. Recent examination of the social disorganization perspective has emphasized the role of informal social control as mediating the effects of structural characteristics on victimization. In this study, contemporary social disorganization theory was tested using data from the U.S. Census Bureau: Census Tract Fact Finder (2000) and the Southeastern Virginia Community Survey (2008). This research addressed three central research questions: Is there a relationship between structural characteristics (i.e., poverty, …

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Essays On The Aggregate Burden Of Alcohol Abuse, Resul Cesur Aug 2009

Essays On The Aggregate Burden Of Alcohol Abuse, Resul Cesur

Economics Dissertations

This dissertation attempts to uncover the causal relationship between alcohol abuse and both income growth and crime. These two research questions are investigated in three essays: Essay I investigates the relationship between alcohol abuse and income growth in the United States; Essay II examines the impact of alcohol abuse on income growth at the international level; Essay III investigates the effect of alcohol abuse on crime in the united states. Essay I of this dissertation uses state level data from the United States for the period 1970-1998 to estimate the impact of alcohol abuse on income growth by utilizing per …

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Participatory Evaluation Of The Tribal Victim Assistance Programs At The Lummi Nation And Passamaquoddy Tribe, Ada Pecos Melton, Michelle Chino Aug 2009

Participatory Evaluation Of The Tribal Victim Assistance Programs At The Lummi Nation And Passamaquoddy Tribe, Ada Pecos Melton, Michelle Chino

Public Health Faculty Publications

The high rate of crime in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and/or against AI/AN people reflected in numerous studies in the last three decades, demonstrates the need for victim assistance programs in Indian Country to help victims cope with and heal from violent crime (Wolk 1982; Allen 1985; Sacred Shawl Women’s Society, no date; McIntire 1988; DeBruyn, Lujan & May 1995; Norton & Manson 1995; Fairchild et. al 1998; Greenfield & Smith 1999; Alba, Zieseniss, et al 2003; Perry 2004). The U.S. Department of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) became aware of the lack of resources available to …

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Crime And Security In Eastern Europe And Central Asia: Firm Level Analysis (A Short Note), Mohammad Amin Jul 2009

Crime And Security In Eastern Europe And Central Asia: Firm Level Analysis (A Short Note), Mohammad Amin

Mohammad Amin

About 20 percent of the firms in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region are victims of crime during a year. While losses to firms due to crime incidents average 0.48 percent of a firm’s annual sales, expenses by firms on security average 1.42 percent of their annual sales. These two costs equaling 1.9 percent of annual sales of a firm are about 8 times what firms spend on R&D and 1.8 times the reported amount paid in bribery. Surprisingly, rich countries do not score over poor ones on crime related problems. Last, while large firms are more likely to …

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Social Cost Of Gambling, Douglas Walker Jun 2009

Social Cost Of Gambling, Douglas Walker

UNLV Gaming Podcasts

At the 14th International Conference on Gambling and Risk-Taking, Dr. Schwartz interviews Dr. Walker, getting his perspective on the applicability of "social cost of gambling" studies, casinos and crime, his latest book, and more.

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The Non-Linear Effect Of Wealth On Crime, Chihiro Muroi, Robert Baumann Jun 2009

The Non-Linear Effect Of Wealth On Crime, Chihiro Muroi, Robert Baumann

Economics Department Working Papers

Although theory suggests the relationship between crime and wealth is ambiguous, most empirical analyses estimate a monotonic relationship and find that wealth has negative effect on crime. Using two proxies for wealth (median income and poverty rate) and two types of crime (property and violent), we find a quadratic relationship is the best fit for our four crime-wealth groups. In general, the expected negative effect of wealth on crime only applies to wealthier counties. In poorer counties, wealth has an unexpected positive effect on crime. This result may be theoretically consistent, or an unintended byproduct of the Uniform Crime Reports …

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The Relocation Of Crime, Catherine C. De Fontenay May 2009

The Relocation Of Crime, Catherine C. De Fontenay

Catherine de Fontenay

We add a new sector called Crime to a traditional two-sector two-input Heckscher-Ohlin model of trade between countries. Trade is found to increase crime in the resource-rich country and to reduce crime in the resource-poor country by an equal amount. The negative externality from increased crime can be strong enough to cancel out the gains from trade for the resource-rich country. The paper also explores the impact of aid, capital flows, and migration on crime rates, and how crime shapes the degree of specialization in each economy.

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Does Violent Crime Cause Individuals To Join Gangs?, Colin Hottman May 2009

Does Violent Crime Cause Individuals To Join Gangs?, Colin Hottman

Economics Honors Projects

This paper examines the hypothesis that violent crime causes gang membership. I construct a theoretical model of the individual’s decision to join a gang based on the protection that gang membership provides from violent crime. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort and a probit specification, I test three different measures of the threat of violent crime: a dummy variable for experiencing gun violence, a dummy variable for being the victim of repeated bullying, and a dummy variable for being the victim of a violent crime. In my regressions, I find support for the hypothesis that …

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Media Exposure And Women's Fear Of Crime, Pamela C. Hooper Apr 2009

Media Exposure And Women's Fear Of Crime, Pamela C. Hooper

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between the media portrayal of women and crime on television and fear of crime among female viewers. Data from the National Opinion Survey of Crime and Justice was used. A weak relationship between media exposure and fear of crime was found. Consistent with previous research, a statistically significant gender difference was revealed. Women reported higher levels of fear overall. When television dramas were examined, women who watched these shows had a lower reported fear of crime. An unexpected inverse relationship emerged between women's age and fear of crime. This finding contradicts a majority of the …

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Understanding Terrorism Through The Use Of Gis, Collaborative Project Mar 2009

Understanding Terrorism Through The Use Of Gis, Collaborative Project

Dyson College- Seidenberg School of CSIS : Collaborative Projects and Presentations

This entry adhers to the use of the quad chart template to provide a succinct description only of the current research project undertaken by the participants. It provides for the following information

1. Participants and Affiliations
2. Overall Project Goals
3. Illustrative picture
4. Specific research/artistic/pedagogig foci

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Restorative Justice: A Systematic Review Of The Social Work Literature, Edward J. Gumz, Cynthia L. Grant Jan 2009

Restorative Justice: A Systematic Review Of The Social Work Literature, Edward J. Gumz, Cynthia L. Grant

Social Work: School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Other Works

Restorative justice is an alternative paradigm for dealing with the effects of crime and wrongdoing that seeks to bring healing to victims, offenders, and the community. Although a key element of social work’s ethical code is the obligation to work toward social justice, this has been viewed primarily as efforts to ensure a fair distribution of resources and opportunities. Yet justice is also restorative in nature—seeking to restore and enhance victims, offenders, and communities to fuller functioning. This article systematically reviews 80 social work peer-reviewed articles dealing with restorative justice. The role of social workers in restorative justice programs remains …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53204, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53204, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled administrative and institutional data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53204. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Some Estimates Of Private And Social Benefits Of Improving Educational Attainment Among Registered Indian Youth And Young Adults, Stewart Clatworthy Jan 2009

Some Estimates Of Private And Social Benefits Of Improving Educational Attainment Among Registered Indian Youth And Young Adults, Stewart Clatworthy

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Milwaukee Public Schools Students And Their Families, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Milwaukee Public Schools Students And Their Families, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled administrative and institutional data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents, job availability, the economic recession, expansion of …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Issues Facing Children And Families In Milwaukee Public Schools: Presentation, Lois M. Quinn Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Issues Facing Children And Families In Milwaukee Public Schools: Presentation, Lois M. Quinn

ETI Publications

This presentation for Milwaukee Public Schools administrators details critical neighborhood issues facing MPS children and families, including the housing crisis and spike in foreclosures, crime and traffic accidents near the schools, availability of subsidized child care, changes in public assistance policies for parents, drivers’ license barriers to employment, rates of incarceration in MPS neighborhoods, lasting impacts of the recession, and earnings of employed Milwaukee families.

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53205, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53205, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53205. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53208, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53208, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53208. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53206, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53206, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53206. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53212, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53212, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53212. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53210, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53210, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53210. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53216, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53216, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53216. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53233, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53233, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53233. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53218, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat Jan 2009

Socio-Economic Analysis Of Neighborhood Issues Facing Mps Students And Their Families In Zipcode 53218, Lois M. Quinn, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

As a planning supplement to the annual count of school children in the city of Milwaukee, the Employment and Training Institute assembled institutional and administrative data bases to help provide a socio-economic analysis of neighborhood issues facing Milwaukee Public Schools students and their families. Nine Milwaukee zip codes historically targeted for Community Development Block Grant funding because of their concentrations of poverty are analyzed in detail. This report provides neighborhood drilldowns on key issues of concern to educators for Milwaukee zip code 53218. The zip code drilldowns explore interrelationships at the neighborhood level between earnings of Milwaukee parents; job availability; …

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On The Boundaries Of Culture As An Affirmative Defense, Reid Griffith Fontaine, Eliot M. Held Jan 2009

On The Boundaries Of Culture As An Affirmative Defense, Reid Griffith Fontaine, Eliot M. Held

Reid G. Fontaine

A “cultural defense” to criminal culpability cannot achieve true pluralism without collapsing into a totally subjective, personal standard. Applying an objective cultural standard does not rescue a defendant from the external imposition of values—the purported aim of the cultural defense—because a cultural standard is, at its core, an external standard imposed onto an individual. The pluralist argument for a cultural defense also fails on its own terms—after all, justice systems are themselves cultural institutions. Furthermore, a defendant’s background is already accounted for at sentencing. The closest thing to a cultural defense that a court could adopt without damaging the culpability …

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Dissident Republicans Addicted To Criminality, Tom Clonan Jan 2009

Dissident Republicans Addicted To Criminality, Tom Clonan

Articles

The so-called Real IRA (RIRA) has been in existence since 1997. Its core membership consists of former members of the Provisional IRA (PIRA) who were opposed to some aspects of the Anglo-Irish peace process. That was then. Twelve years later – eleven years after the botched RIRA bomb attack that killed 29 innocent civilians in Omagh in Co. Tyrone – the RIRA along with the Continuity IRA (CIRA) consist of a nucleus of hardened criminals whose ‘Republican’ pretensions are in the main a front for organised crime in the border area and in some inner city areas north and south …

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A Miscarriage Of Juvenile Justice: A Modern Day Parable Of The Unintended Results Of Bad Lawmaking, Amy Vorenberg Jan 2009

A Miscarriage Of Juvenile Justice: A Modern Day Parable Of The Unintended Results Of Bad Lawmaking, Amy Vorenberg

Law Faculty Scholarship

Sensationalized cases increasingly create the context for public policy discussion. Stories about violent crime are a common feature of the local evening news and their emotional nature can often create the hook politicians need to showcase their “tough on crime” agendas. Often anecdotal and lurid, stories of criminal misdeeds are widely used to convince the public of a need to create or change laws. This article demonstrates the perils of making law by extrapolating from a few random, albeit attention-grabbing, events. Specifically, the article examines the impact of a 1995 change in New Hampshire state law that lowered the age …

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Republicanism And Crime, Richard Dagger Jan 2009

Republicanism And Crime, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

These are but two of the difficult questions that arise when one examines the claim that crime is a public wrong. I take it, though, that their difficulty is an indication of the importance of thinking through the presuppositions and implications of this conception of crime, not a reason to abandon it. A thorough 'thinking through' is too large and complex a task for this chapter, but it is possible to make a case here for the right way to proceed with such an undertaking. That right way, in my view, is to look to the republican tradition of political …

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