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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Living In A Material World: How Visual Cues To Material Properties Affect The Way That We Lift Objects And Perceive Their Weight, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Living In A Material World: How Visual Cues To Material Properties Affect The Way That We Lift Objects And Perceive Their Weight, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
The visual properties of an object provide many cues as to the tensile strength, compliance, and density of the material from which it is made. However, it is not well understood how these implicit associations affect our perceptions of these properties and how they determine the initial forces that are applied when an object is picked up. Here we examine the effects of these cues on such forces by using the classic "material-weight illusion" (MWI). Grip and load forces were measured in three experiments as participants lifted cubes made from metal, wood, and expanded polystyrene. These cubes were adjusted to …
Adapting To Dynamic Stimulus-Response Values: Differential Contributions Of Inferior Frontal, Dorsomedial, And Dorsolateral Regions Of Prefrontal Cortex To Decision Making., Derek G V Mitchell, Qian Luo, Shelley B Avny, Tomasz Kasprzycki, Karanvir Gupta, Gang Chen, Elizabeth C Finger, R James R Blair
Adapting To Dynamic Stimulus-Response Values: Differential Contributions Of Inferior Frontal, Dorsomedial, And Dorsolateral Regions Of Prefrontal Cortex To Decision Making., Derek G V Mitchell, Qian Luo, Shelley B Avny, Tomasz Kasprzycki, Karanvir Gupta, Gang Chen, Elizabeth C Finger, R James R Blair
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) have all been implicated in resolving decision conflict whether this conflict is generated by having to select between responses of similar value or by making selections following a reversal in reinforcement contingencies. However, work distinguishing their individual functional contributions remains preliminary. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to delineate the functional role of these systems with regard to both forms of decision conflict. Within dmPFC and dlPFC, blood oxygen level-dependent responses increased in response to decision conflict regardless of whether the conflict occurred in the context of …
Sexuality And Persons With Down Syndrome. A Study From Brazil, Bruna Marques Bononi, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, André Chao Vasconcellos De Oliveira, Tadeu Silveira Renattini, Carla Franchi Pinto, Maria Lúcia Passarelli, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar
Sexuality And Persons With Down Syndrome. A Study From Brazil, Bruna Marques Bononi, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, André Chao Vasconcellos De Oliveira, Tadeu Silveira Renattini, Carla Franchi Pinto, Maria Lúcia Passarelli, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar
Pediatrics Faculty Publications
In recent years, important gains and changes have been observed in the life of teenagers with Down syndrome (DS) with increased inclusion into society. This review will discuss adolescence and sexuality in teenagers with DS from a descriptive study of 50 patients with DS between the ages of 10 and 20 years. The mean age was 13.5 years, 50% females; 86% went to school with 62.2% in school for over six years. Of the patients that attended school, 60% went to special education school and only 10% read and wrote correctly. In an evaluation of autonomy, 66% took showers, 78% …
Perirhinal Cortex Contributes To Accuracy In Recognition Memory And Perceptual Discriminations., Edward B O'Neil, Anthony D Cate, Stefan Köhler
Perirhinal Cortex Contributes To Accuracy In Recognition Memory And Perceptual Discriminations., Edward B O'Neil, Anthony D Cate, Stefan Köhler
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
The prevailing view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) holds that its structures are dedicated to long-term declarative memory. Recent evidence challenges this position, suggesting that perirhinal cortex (PRc) in the MTL may also play a role in perceptual discriminations of stimuli with substantial visual feature overlap. Relevant neuropsychological findings in humans have been inconclusive, likely because studies have relied on patients with large and variable MTL lesions. Here, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in healthy individuals to determine whether PRc shows a performance-related involvement in perceptual oddball judgments that is comparable to its established role in …
Rightward Biases During Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Rightward Biases During Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
Two experiments were carried out to investigate whether attention is biased toward the right hand of right handers during bimanual coordination (Peters 1981). A novel discontinuous double-step reaching task was developed, where right-handed participants executed a bimanual reach followed by a left or right hand unimanual reach. Asymmetries in the downtime between the bimanual and unimanual reach portions (the refractory period) were used to infer the direction of attention. A shorter right hand refractory period was found in the first experiment, indicating a rightward bias in attention. In a second experiment, shifting the focus of attention during the bimanual portion …