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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Guard Labor: An Essay In Honor Of Pranab Bardhan, Samuel Bowles, Arjun Jayadev
Guard Labor: An Essay In Honor Of Pranab Bardhan, Samuel Bowles, Arjun Jayadev
Economics Department Working Paper Series
No abstract provided.
Separate And Unequal: The Effect Of Unequal Access To Employment-Based Health Insurance On Gay, Lesbian, And Bisexual People, Michael A. Ash, Lee Badgett
Separate And Unequal: The Effect Of Unequal Access To Employment-Based Health Insurance On Gay, Lesbian, And Bisexual People, Michael A. Ash, Lee Badgett
Economics Department Working Paper Series
Employers’ standard practice of including legal spouses in health insurance is likely to place people in unmarried couples at a significant disadvantage for obtaining coverage. Data from married and unmarried couples in the Current Population Survey confirm that people with unmarried partners are two to three times more likely to lack health insurance than are people in married couples, even after controlling for factors that influence coverage. A requirement to provide the same benefits for partners as are provided to spouses would reduce the proportion of uninsured people in same-sex couples and different-sex couples by as much as 50%. We …
Steindlian Models Of Growth And Stagnation, Peter Flaschel, Peter Skott
Steindlian Models Of Growth And Stagnation, Peter Flaschel, Peter Skott
Economics Department Working Paper Series
Following an analysis of the relation between a standard Steindlian model of stagnation and Steindl’s own analysis, we modify the standard model by introducing endogenous changes in the markup and a reformulation of the investment function. These extensions, which address significant weaknesses of the standard model, find support in Steindl’s writing and leave intact some of Steindl’s key results. In a further extension, we add a labour market and analyse the stabilizing influence of a Marxian reserve-army mechanism. The implications of the extended model for the effects of increased oligopolization are largely in line with Steindl’s predictions.
Aid, Conditionality, And War Economies, James K. Boyce
Aid, Conditionality, And War Economies, James K. Boyce
Economics Department Working Paper Series
When natural resource revenues provide an important motive and/or means for armed conflict, the transition from war peace faces three challenges: (i) ensuring that the benefits and costs of natural resource exploitation are distributed so as to ease rather than exacerbate social tensions; (ii) channeling revenues to peaceful and productive purposes; and (iii) promoting accountability and transparency in natural resource management. Aid conditionality can help to address these challenges provided that three prerequisites are met: (i) there are domestic parties with sufficient authority and legitimacy to strike and implement aid-for-peace bargains; (ii) donor governments and agencies make peace their top …
The Current Non-Status Of General Equilibrium Theory, Donald W. Katzner
The Current Non-Status Of General Equilibrium Theory, Donald W. Katzner
Economics Department Working Paper Series
This paper argues that the abandonment of general equilibrium theory by microeconomists was a mistake. It provides counter arguments to two of the reasons for that abandonment — lack of both generality and consistency with methodological individualism in uniqueness and stability analysis of equilibria — and urges microeconomists to refocus some of their attention on it.
Female Land Rights And Rural Household Incomes In Brazil, Paraguay And Peru, Carmen Diana Deere, Rosa Luz Durán, Merrilee Mardon, Tom Masterson
Female Land Rights And Rural Household Incomes In Brazil, Paraguay And Peru, Carmen Diana Deere, Rosa Luz Durán, Merrilee Mardon, Tom Masterson
Economics Department Working Paper Series
This paper explores the determinants of female land rights and their impact on household income levels among owner-operated farms in Brazil, Paraguay and Peru. Previous studies in Latin America suggest that the gender of the household head is not a significant predictor of household income, not unsurprising given the ambiguities with which self-declared headship is associated. We hypothesize that female land rights, by increasing women’s options, are a positive determinant of household income, but given the disadvantages that they face as farmers, that their land rights will more likely impact upon off-farm rather than farm income. Regression analysis indicates that …
Fairness As A Source Of Hysteresis In Employment And Relative Wages, Peter Skott
Fairness As A Source Of Hysteresis In Employment And Relative Wages, Peter Skott
Economics Department Working Paper Series
This paper analyses the inlfuence of norms of fairness on wage formation. Fairness is defined by 'real-wage' and 'relative-wage' norms that relate wage offers to workers' own current wage and to the wages of other groups of workers, and, to avoil shirking, firms pay their wages. The wage norms change endogenously, and the result is hysteresis with respect to both employment and the distribution of wages. An extention of the model that allows 'induced overeducation' may help explain trends in wage inequality.
By What Measure? Family Time Devoted To Children In The U.S., Nancy Folbre, Jayoung Yoon, Kade Finnoff, Allison Sidle Fuligni
By What Measure? Family Time Devoted To Children In The U.S., Nancy Folbre, Jayoung Yoon, Kade Finnoff, Allison Sidle Fuligni
Economics Department Working Paper Series
We argue that previous research on time devoted to child care has devoted insufficient attention to the definition and conceptualization of care time. Three separate problems are evident. First, the conventional focus on explicit activities with children distracts attention from the larger responsibilities of “passive” care, which ranges from time when children are sleeping to time when they are in the same room but not engaged in an activity with parents. Second, empirical analysis of activity time focuses almost exclusively on parents, overlooking the role of relatives such as grandmothers and siblings. Third, measurement of active care time typically ignores …
Ideological State Apparatuses, Consumerism, And U.S. Capitalism: Lessons For The Left, Richard D. Wolff
Ideological State Apparatuses, Consumerism, And U.S. Capitalism: Lessons For The Left, Richard D. Wolff
Economics Department Working Paper Series
Althusser’s pioneering concept of “ideological state apparatuses” is extended to the unique role of consumerism as a particular ideology enabling and supporting U.S. capitalism. It is argued that rising levels of worker consumption have functioned effectively to compensate workers for (and thereby allow) rising rates of exploitation and their negative social effects. For such compensation to succeed requires that workers embrace an ideology stressing the importance of consumption, namely consumerism. It is argued that the weakness of the US left (in labor unions, parties, and movements) stems in part from having endorsed this consumerism rather than undermining it within the …
Mythical Ages And Methodological Strictures — Joan Robinson’S Contributions To The Theory Of Economic Growth, Peter Skott
Mythical Ages And Methodological Strictures — Joan Robinson’S Contributions To The Theory Of Economic Growth, Peter Skott
Economics Department Working Paper Series
This paper considers some methodological aspects of Joan Robinson’s contribution to post-Keynesian growth theory. Joan Robinson’s criticisms of equilibrium analysis, of the conflation of logical and historical time and of the uses (and misuses) of mathematical formalisation are scathing. But while many of her points are well taken, parts of her argument appear questionable. As a result, her methodological critique of equilibrium economics may be misleading. Moreover, she failed to appreciate the potential gains from mathematical formalisation. The further development of a Robinsonian analysis of economic growth calls for a reconsideration of these aspects of her legacy.
Election Campaigns, Agenda Setting And Electoral Outcomes, Manfred J. Holler, Peter Skott
Election Campaigns, Agenda Setting And Electoral Outcomes, Manfred J. Holler, Peter Skott
Economics Department Working Paper Series
Framing effects and bounded rationality imply that election campaigns may be an important determinant of election outcomes. This paper uses a two-party setting and simple game theoretic models to analyse the strategic interaction between the parties’ campaign decisions. Alternations of power emerge naturally, even if both electoral preferences and party positions remain constant.
Emulation, Inequality, And Work Hours: Was Thorsten Veblen Right?, Samuel Bowles, Yongjin Park
Emulation, Inequality, And Work Hours: Was Thorsten Veblen Right?, Samuel Bowles, Yongjin Park
Economics Department Working Paper Series
We investigate Veblen effects on work hours, namely the way that a desire to emulate the consumption standards of the rich induces longer work hours among the rest. Consistent with our model of these asymmetric social comparisons, greater inequality predicts longer work hours in ten OECD countries over the period 1963-1998. The country fixed effects estimates of the impact of inequality on hours are large, robust, and cannot be explained by conventional incentive effects. In the presence of Veblen effects, a social welfare optimum cannot be implemented by a flat tax on consumption but may be accomplished by progressive consumption …
Green And Brown? Globalization And The Environment, James K. Boyce
Green And Brown? Globalization And The Environment, James K. Boyce
Economics Department Working Paper Series
Globalization – viewed as a process of economic integration that embraces governance as well as markets – could lead to worldwide convergence toward higher or lower environmental quality, or to environmental polarization in which the ‘greening’ of the global North is accompanied by the ‘browning’ of the global South. The outcome will not be dictated by an inexorable logic. Rather it will depend on how the opportunities created by globalization alter balances of power within countries and among them.
Economic Explanation, Ordinality And The Adequacy Of Analytic Specification, Donald W. Katzner, Peter Skott
Economic Explanation, Ordinality And The Adequacy Of Analytic Specification, Donald W. Katzner, Peter Skott
Economics Department Working Paper Series
This paper examines the implicit links between models containing ordinal variables and their underlying unquantified counterparts that are necessary to make the former viable theoretical constructions. It is argued that when the underlying unquantified structure is unknown, the permissible transformations of scale applicable to the ordinal variables have to be restricted beyond that which is permitted by dint of the ordinality itself. The possibility of an underlying structure being known but unspecified is also considered. In the case of the efficiency wage model, the only usable transformations of the ordinal effort scale are those which are multiples of each other.