Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Income Inequality And Family Income And Their Relationships To Chronic Medical Conditions And Mental Health Disorders, Roland Sturm, Carole Gresenz

Roland Sturm

No abstract provided.

Substance Or Style? An Investigation Of The Neo-Pi-R Validity Scales, Leslie C. Morey, Brian D. Quigley, Charles A. Sanislow, Andrew E. Skodol, Thomas H. Mcglashan, M. Tracie Shea, Robert L. Stout, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992b) has been criticized for the absence of validity scales designed to detect response distortion. Recently, validity scales were developed from the items of the NEO-PI-R (Schinka, Kinder, & Kremer, 1997) and several studies have used a variety of methods to test their use. However, it is controversial whether these scales are measuring something that is substantive (such as psychopathology or its absence) or stylistic (which might be effortful distortion or less conscious processes such as lack of insight). In this study, we used a multimethod-multitrait approach to examine the validity …

Olympic Masculinity: An Analysis Of Canadian Newspapers During The 1976, 1988, And 2000 Olympic Games, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Viscoelastic Properties And Changes In Pasting Characteristics Of Trifoliate Yam (Dioscorea Dumetorum) Starch After Harvest, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh

Professor Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa

Studies were conducted on the viscoelastic properties, as well as the changes in pasting characteristics, of trifoliate yam, Dioscorea dumetorum, starch during post-harvest hardening of the tubers. A 3x4 factorial experiment with blanching treatment time (0, 15 and 30 s) and storage time (0, 12, 24 and 36 h) as the respective variables was performed. The samples were evaluated for pasting temperature, viscosity at 95 _C, viscosity at 95 _C-Hold, viscosity at 50 _C and viscosity at 50 _C-Hold, as well as their changes during storage of the tubers, to determine the starch behaviour of the D. dumetorum tubers during …

Children's Form Of The Competitive State Anxiety For Children (The Csai-2c), Robert E. Stadulis, Mary J. Maccracken

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken

Traumatic Exposure And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Borderline, Schizotypal, Avoidant, And Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Shirley Yen, M. Tracie Shea, Cynthia L. Battle, Dawn M. Johnson, Caron Zlotnick, Regina Dolan-Sewell, Andrew E. Skodol, Carlos M. Grilo, John G. Gunderson, Charles A. Sanislow, Mary C. Zanarini, Donna S. Bender, Jennifer B. Rettew, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The association between trauma and personality disorders (PDs), while receiving much attention and debate, has not been comprehensively examined for multiple types of trauma and PDs. The authors examined data from a multisite study of four PD groups: schizotypal, borderline (BPD), avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive, and a major depression comparison group. Rates of traumatic exposure to specific types of trauma, age of first trauma onset, and rates of posttraumatic stress disorder are compared. Results indicate that BPD participants reported the highest rate of traumatic exposure (particularly to sexual traumas, including childhood sexual abuse), the highest rate of posttraumatic stress disorder, and …

Co-Occurrence Of Dsm-Iv Personality Disorders With Borderline Personality Disorder, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

“Bagger And Will: Mysticism In The Legend Of Bagger Vance, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Moaning, Shoveling And Reeling: An Analysis And Synthesis Of Early 20th Century Canadian Sporting Journalism, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

"Vampiri" A Trani. Metti Un Masso Sul Morto Iapigio, Giacomo Annibaldis

Dr Anastasia Tsaliki, PhD

No abstract provided.

Empowerment And Governance: Basic Elements For Improving Nutritional Outcomes, John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

The Origins Of Coercion In Assertive Community Treatment: A Review Of Early Publications From The Special Treatment Unit Of Mendota State Hospital., Tomi Gomory

Tomi Gomory

This article argues that Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is fundamentally and historically based on the uncritical but societally well accepted view that medically justified coercion (punishment or unwanted treatment) is therapeutic. It documents this claim by reviewing the early professional history and the resultant publications of the inventors of ACT (originally known as Training in Community Living), consisting of psychiatrists, social workers, and psychologists who trained and worked during the 1960s through the 1980s, at Mendota State Hospital (eventually renamed Mendota Mental Health Institute) in Wisconsin.

Functional Impairment In Patients With Schizotypal, Borderline, Avoidant, And Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Ingrid R. Dyck, Robert L. Stout, Donna S. Bender, Carlos M. Grilo, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, Leslie C. Morey, Charles A. Sanislow, John M. Oldham

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare psychosocial functioning in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and patients with major depressive disorder and no personality disorder.

Method: Patients (N=668) were recruited by the four clinical sites of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. The carefully diagnosed study groups were compared on an array of domains of psychosocial functioning, as measured by the Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation—Baseline Version and the Social Adjustment Scale.

Results: Patients with schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder were found to have significantly more impairment at work, in social relationships, and …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Dsm-Iv Criteria For Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Leslie C. Morey, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, M. Tracie Shea, Robert L. Stout, Mary C. Zanarini, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: This study tested the factor structure of the DSM-IV criteria for borderline personality disorder by using confirmatory methods for the analysis of covariance structures in a large group from a multisite study.

Method: A total of 668 primarily treatment-seeking subjects were reliably assessed for personality disorders by using the Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders. Associations among criteria for borderline personality disorder were examined. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test diagnosis as a unitary construct and to test an earlier-reported three-factor model comprising disturbed relatedness, behavioral dysregulation, and affective dysregulation. The three-factor model was subsequently tested by …

Language Plasticity Revealed By Electroencephalogram Mapping, Armando F. Rocha, Flávia B. Foz

Armando F Rocha

Reasoning is the result of the computations made by intelligent systems, for instance those in the brain. It is not an abstract concept because calculations performed by computations are very concrete transactions among the different central processing unit components. Entropy measurements are proposed here to disclose the plasticity of the cerebral processing associated with language comprehension in video game playing. It is also assumed that entropy may be evaluated from the correlation coefficients obtained for the game event-related activity calculated for the different electroencephalogram derivations in the 10/20 system. The brain mapping derived from these entropy measurements clearly demonstrates the …

Response Decision Processes And Externalizing Behavior Problems In Adolescents, Reid Griffith Fontaine, Virginia Salzer Burks, Kenneth A. Dodge

Reid G. Fontaine

Externalizing behavior problems of 124 adolescents were assessed across Grades 7–11. In Grade 9, participants were also assessed across social-cognitive domains after imagining themselves as the object of provocations portrayed in six videotaped vignettes. Participants responded to vignette-based questions representing multiple processes of the response decision step of social information processing. Phase 1 of our investigation supported a two-factor model of the response evaluation process of response decision (response valuation and outcome expectancy). Phase 2 showed significant relations between the set of these response decision processes, as well as response selection, measured in Grade 9 and (a) externalizing behavior in …

Strategies Used By Families To Simplify Tasks For Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease And Related Disorders: Psychometric Analysis Of The Task Management Strategy Index, Laura Gitlin, Lorraine Winter, Sandy Schinfeld, Marie Dennis, Mary A. Corcoran, Walter Hauck

Mary A Corcoran

No abstract provided.

Ethological Aspects Of Stress In A Model Lizard, Anolis Carolinensis, Neil Greenberg

Neil Greenberg

Research on the stress response in reptiles can provide a useful comparative perspective for understanding how the constituent elements of the response can be put into service of diverse behavioral adaptations. A summary of the neural and endocrine causes and consequences of specific behavioral patterns seen in the small diurnal lizard, Anolis carolinensis, has provided a model for the exploration of the dynamics of autonomic and neurohormonal contributions to adaptive behavior. In this species, changes in body color provide indices of the flux of circulating stress relevant hormones, and are seen in situations from spontaneous exploration through agonistic behavior. Furthermore, …

Adaptive Functions Of The Corpus Striatum: The Past And Future Of The R-Complex, Neil Greenberg

Neil Greenberg

The basal ganglia is emerging from the shadow cast by the most conspicuous clinical expression of its dysfunction: motor disorders.What is revealed is the nexus of a widely distributed system which functions in integrating action with cognition, motivation, and affect. Prominent among non-motor functions are striatal involvement in building up of sequences of behavior into meaningful, goal-directed patterns and repertoires and the selection of appropriate learned or innate sequences in concert with their possible predictive control. Further, striatum seems involved in declarative and strategic memory (involving intentional recollection and the management of retrieved memories, respectively). Findings from reptile experiments indicate …

Review Of Medicine And The German Jews: A History, John Stephen Brantley

Steve Brantley

No abstract provided.

Review Of Communication Disorders In Multicultural Populations, John Stephen Brantley

Steve Brantley

No abstract provided.

Validity Of The Cidi Probe Flow Chart For Depression In Chinese American Women., M Hicks

Madelyn Hsiao-Rei Hicks

This article presents observations on the function and validity of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 2.1 in a study of major depression in Chinese American women. CIDI symptom items for depression had good apparent validity and acceptability. However, CIDI probe flow chart (PFC) ‘clinical significance’ criteria appeared to underidentify cases of major depression if they occurred in China, or in deprived conditions within the U.S. and other developed countries. Validity of the CIDI PFC was affected by social, political and cultural factors. Patterns of bias are discussed and related to assumptions underlying the PFC regarding resource availability, help-seeking and …

Strategies For Sustainability Among Hiv/Aids-Related Ngos In Canada And India, Treena Orchard

Dr. Treena Orchard

No abstract provided.

Culturally Relevant Physical Activity For Adolescent Mothers: An Action Research Study, J. Halas, Treena Orchard

Dr. Treena Orchard

No abstract provided.

Quarrington’S Hockey Schtick: A Literary Analysis, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

Income Inequality And Family Income And Their Relationships To Chronic Medical Conditions And Mental Health Disorders, Roland Sturm, Carole Gresenz

Carole Roan Gresenz

No abstract provided.

Gendered Domains: Medicine And The Nurse Practitioner Movement, 1960 To The Present, Fa37223-02, Fg, Principal Investigator, $40,000, National Endowment For The Humanities In Partnership With Ahrq, Julie Fairman

Julie A Fairman

No abstract provided.

Olympic Masculinity: An Analysis Of Canadian Newspapers During The 1976, 1988, And 2000 Olympic Games, Don Morrow

Donald Morrow

No abstract provided.

"Brave New World: Biomedical Research And Health-Care Delivery In Modern America", Max Skidmore

Max J. Skidmore

No abstract provided.

Differences In The Functional Neuroanatomy Of Inhibitory Control Across The Adult Life Span, Kristy Nielson, Scott Langenecker, H Garavan

Kristy Nielson

Inhibitory control, the ability to suppress irrelevant or interfering stimuli, is a fundamental cognitive function that deteriorates during aging, but little is understood about the bases of decline. Thus, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study inhibitory control in healthy adults aged 18 to 78. Activation during successful inhibition occurred predominantly in right prefrontal and parietal regions and was more extensive, bilaterally and prefrontally, in the older groups. Presupplementary motor area was also more active in poorer inhibitory performers. Therefore, older adults activate areas that are comparable to those activated by young adults during inhibition, as well …