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2002

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Economics

Institution
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Articles 1 - 30 of 65

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

En Attendant Le Plan Marshall : Consommation Endogène De La Littérature Camerounaise, Pierre Fandio Dec 2002

En Attendant Le Plan Marshall : Consommation Endogène De La Littérature Camerounaise, Pierre Fandio

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

Despite the numerous forms of "aid" it has always received, Africa remains the only continent on the fringe of the tremendous development that the rest of the world has been experiencing in the last two centuries. The sectorial analysis of the literary works in this paper illustrates how the implementation of the various "Marshall Plan" is meant to bring about the development of a whole continent and a country like Cameroon. This could be done by involving actors of the cultural domain in the analysis of data and formulation of solution. Such development could give a boost to profitable endogenous …

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The Recovery Of The Aviation Industry: The Aviation Security Challenge, Ibpp Editor Nov 2002

The Recovery Of The Aviation Industry: The Aviation Security Challenge, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article is based on a presentation made to the SAE 2002 World Aviation Congress on November 6, 2002 by the IBPP Editor. The article’s focus is on how representatives of the aviation industry need to think about aviation security to facilitate the industry’s economic recovery.

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Trends. When Governments Want Government To Change, Ibpp Editor Oct 2002

Trends. When Governments Want Government To Change, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This Trends article discusses regime change in Germany and Iraq in a political psychological context.

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Thinking About Thinking In An Era Of Globalization: Implications For International Security, Ibpp Editor Oct 2002

Thinking About Thinking In An Era Of Globalization: Implications For International Security, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies and critiques hypotheses concerning the impact of globalization on thinking and suggests consequences of thinking (reason, logic) as an epistemological tool of international security.

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Washington's Workforce Development System Pays Off, Kevin M. Hollenbeck Oct 2002

Washington's Workforce Development System Pays Off, Kevin M. Hollenbeck

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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The Effectiveness Of State Enterprise Zones, Alan H. Peters, Peter S. Fisher Oct 2002

The Effectiveness Of State Enterprise Zones, Alan H. Peters, Peter S. Fisher

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Issawi's Notion Of Egypt's 'Lop-Sided Development' Revisited, Roger Owen Sep 2002

Issawi's Notion Of Egypt's 'Lop-Sided Development' Revisited, Roger Owen

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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Information Technology And Growth: Will The Software Industry Lead Egypt Into A New Economy?, Nagla Rizk Sep 2002

Information Technology And Growth: Will The Software Industry Lead Egypt Into A New Economy?, Nagla Rizk

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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International Accounting Standards And Selected Middle East Stock Exchanges, Besalet Basoglu, Ahmed Goma Sep 2002

International Accounting Standards And Selected Middle East Stock Exchanges, Besalet Basoglu, Ahmed Goma

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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The Interpretative Debate Of The Classical Islamic Jurists On Riba (Usury), Farhad Nomani Sep 2002

The Interpretative Debate Of The Classical Islamic Jurists On Riba (Usury), Farhad Nomani

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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Palestinian Labor Migration To Israel Since Oslo And Beyond, Leila Farsakh Sep 2002

Palestinian Labor Migration To Israel Since Oslo And Beyond, Leila Farsakh

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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Oil And The Rentier State: Iran's Capital Formation : 1960-1997, Sousan Badiei, Cyrus Bina Sep 2002

Oil And The Rentier State: Iran's Capital Formation : 1960-1997, Sousan Badiei, Cyrus Bina

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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David And Goliath: The U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement And The Economic Development Of Jordan, Grace Victoria Chomo Sep 2002

David And Goliath: The U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement And The Economic Development Of Jordan, Grace Victoria Chomo

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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Dual Labor Markets And Public Debt: An Illustration Using The Lebanese Example, Sheikh Shahnawaz Sep 2002

Dual Labor Markets And Public Debt: An Illustration Using The Lebanese Example, Sheikh Shahnawaz

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

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Challenges To Microfinance Commercialization, Anita Campion Sep 2002

Challenges To Microfinance Commercialization, Anita Campion

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

This paper was presented to audiences in Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore and the Philippines through a World Bank multimedia distance education program in October 2001. The presentation addressed some of the core obstacles to microfinance commercialization, defined here as the application of market-based principles to providing financial services to the poor. The paper discusses some of the challenges to microfinance commercialization, such as inappropriate donor subsidies, poor regulation and supervision, and limited management capacity of microfinance institutions. Given the initial target audience of primarily World Bank employees, the paper concludes with a discussion on what donor can do to move microfinance …

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Front Matter, Journal Of Microfinance Sep 2002

Front Matter, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation And Microenterprise Programs In The United States, Mark Schreiner Sep 2002

Evaluation And Microenterprise Programs In The United States, Mark Schreiner

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Microenterprise programs attempt to help poor people start or strengthen small businesses. Funding and political support have grown rapidly. Is microenterprise a good use of scarce development funds? Unfortunately, most evaluations have been case studies in what not to do. Because benefits and costs cannot be measured completely nor with perfect certainty, rigorous evaluations should support their necessarily subjective judgements with logic and explicit assumptions. The usefulness of an evaluation lies not in its (apparent) incontrovert-ibility but rather in its clarity of assumptions and in its openness to meaningful review and critique.

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A Symposium On Savings-Led Microfinance And The Rural Poor, Jeffrey Ashe Sep 2002

A Symposium On Savings-Led Microfinance And The Rural Poor, Jeffrey Ashe

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Unfinished Business: The Need For More Effective Microfinance Exit Monitering, James G. Copestake Sep 2002

Unfinished Business: The Need For More Effective Microfinance Exit Monitering, James G. Copestake

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

High rates of exit remain the "Achilles heel" of many micro-finance organizations. After reviewing definitional issues, the paper explores how exit rates adversely affect both their commercial and social objectives. It then reviews case studies of exit monitoring based on routine, questionnaire based and focus group methods, making detailed suggestions as to how data collection, analysis and reporting can be improved.

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Savings And Credit For U.S. Microenterprises : Integrating Individual Development Accounts And Loans For Microenterprise, Caroline E. Glackin, Eliza G. Mahony Sep 2002

Savings And Credit For U.S. Microenterprises : Integrating Individual Development Accounts And Loans For Microenterprise, Caroline E. Glackin, Eliza G. Mahony

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

This paper provides a framework for the integration of two asset-building instruments, Individual Development Accounts (IDAs) and loans for microenterprise. Initially, it provides an overview of the emergence of the asset-based approach to poverty alleviation in the U.S. context and the evolution of IDAs and microenterprise development (MED). Then, it evaluates the potential role of IDAs in reducing risk using conventional lending criteria. The paper summarizes the findings of initial research on integrated programs and highlights four case studies. Finally, the paper provides some preliminary observations regarding potential benefits and challenges of the integrated approach and proposes an agenda for …

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Pact's Women's Empowerment Program In Nepal : A Savings- And Literacy- Led Alternative To Financial Building, Jeffrey Ashe, Lisa Parrott Lparrot@Freefromhunger.Org Sep 2002

Pact's Women's Empowerment Program In Nepal : A Savings- And Literacy- Led Alternative To Financial Building, Jeffrey Ashe, Lisa Parrott Lparrot@Freefromhunger.Org

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Pact's Women's Empowerment Program (WEP) in Nepal operated through 6,500 groups with 130,00 women members. These groups mobilized nearly $2,000,000 of assets in less than three years with 94% on loan to 45,000 group members. By mid 2001, WEP had as many outstanding loans as CARD in the Philippines and Compartamos in Mexico, two very well known "credit-led" microfi-nance institutions, while working through three times as many groups. In addition, 65,000 group members learned to read through Pact's innovative curriculum that focused exclusively on managing a group, starting a business, and women's empowerment. WEP was implemented by 240 partners (most …

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Ashrai: A Savings-Led Model For Fighting Poverty And Discrimination, Brett Matthews, Ahsan Ali Ashraibd@Bd.Drik.Net Sep 2002

Ashrai: A Savings-Led Model For Fighting Poverty And Discrimination, Brett Matthews, Ahsan Ali Ashraibd@Bd.Drik.Net

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Ashrai is getting results with a savings-led model among minority peoples in northwest Bangladesh. These people are mostly landless and illiterate, and earn about $50 a year per person. They are a vital population segment that microfinance institutions in Bangladesh and elsewhere are unable to serve successfully. Ashrai began its field work ten years ago by replicating Grameen Bank, but rapidly learned from its clients that they needed savings at least at much as loans, flexible loan repayment schedules structured around seasonal cash flow, and an easing of the requirement that loans be for productive purposes. Ashrai takes an innovative …

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End Matter, Journal Of Microfinance Sep 2002

End Matter, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Care's Mata Masu Dubara (Women On The Move) Program In Niger: Successful Financial Intermediation In The Rural Sahel, William J. Grant, Henry C. Allen Cd@Approtec.Or.Tz Sep 2002

Care's Mata Masu Dubara (Women On The Move) Program In Niger: Successful Financial Intermediation In The Rural Sahel, William J. Grant, Henry C. Allen Cd@Approtec.Or.Tz

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

CARE's Mata Masu Dubara (MMD) project is a women's time-bound accumulating savings and credit association (ASCA) program in rural Niger. Over the past decade, CARE has facilitated the creation of over 5,500 active women's groups with over 162,000, providing the purest forms of financial intermediation to their members in some of the poorest parts of Niger. Working from a very simple and appropriately adapted savings based product, sustainability and replication of the associations is easy to achieve. Due to the overwhelming demand for the product, CARE's role has evolved from service provider creating the associations to a facilitator that trains …

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The New Microfinance: An Essay On The Self-Help Group Movement In India, Kim Wilson Sep 2002

The New Microfinance: An Essay On The Self-Help Group Movement In India, Kim Wilson

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Indian NGOs have created at least one million self-help groups with 17,000,000 members since the self-help group concept was developed by MYRADA in the late 1980s. India is unique in that banks are permitted to lend directly to unregistered self-help groups and by May 2001, banks and cooperatives had financed 461,478 of these groups, with almost 200,000 new self-help groups financed between May 2000 and May 2001, indicating an accelerated process of expansion. The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) trains banks and refinances their loans. The key to NABARD's success is decentralization. Responsibility for group development and …

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Book Review: Inner-City Entrepreneurship Development: The Microcredit Challenge By Nitin Bhatt, Jerry Black Sep 2002

Book Review: Inner-City Entrepreneurship Development: The Microcredit Challenge By Nitin Bhatt, Jerry Black

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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To Pay Or Not To Pay?: Local Institutional Differences And The Viability Of Rural Credit In Nicaragua, Johan Bastiaensen, Ben D'Exelle Sep 2002

To Pay Or Not To Pay?: Local Institutional Differences And The Viability Of Rural Credit In Nicaragua, Johan Bastiaensen, Ben D'Exelle

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Innovative credit enterprises, aiming to expand the frontier of the rural credit market, can attain financial sustainabihty and broadened social outreach if they embed financial operations in local institutions, such as social networks and prevailing rules. Only in this way can the "rules of the game" imposed by the credit enterprise gain the local legitimacy that is necessary to reduce transaction costs sufficiently. The nature of preexisting local institutional environments, therefore, has a profound effect on the performance of credit enterprises. Our analysis of a rural microcredit program in two neighboring villages in Nicaragua indicates that existing patron-client structures, conditioned …

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Community Savings Funds: Providing Access To Basic Financial Services In Marginalized Rural Areas Of Mexico, Gabriala Zapata Sep 2002

Community Savings Funds: Providing Access To Basic Financial Services In Marginalized Rural Areas Of Mexico, Gabriala Zapata

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

The Community Savings Funds (CSFs) promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture in Mexico seek to provide marginalized community groups with a simple mechanism that allows them to save and administer their own funds securely, efficiently, and profitably, according to their own needs and priorities. Specially trained promoters help set up CSFs for a period of one year—using a standardized Toolkit—after which they are expected to work autonomously. There are 540 CSFs in 12 states with over 12,800 members and savings totaling 4.45 million pesos (US 5445,000). This paper describes the characteristics of the CSF model and the results to date. …

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Vol. 04 No. 2 Journal Of Microfinance, Journal Of Microfinance Sep 2002

Vol. 04 No. 2 Journal Of Microfinance, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

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Temporary Services And Contracting Out: Effects On Low-Skilled Workers, Susan N. Houseman, George A. Erickcek Jul 2002

Temporary Services And Contracting Out: Effects On Low-Skilled Workers, Susan N. Houseman, George A. Erickcek

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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