Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Salt, Vol. 13, No. 2, Salt Institute For Documentary Studies

Salt Magazine Archive

SALT. Published by the Salt Center for Documentary Field Studies. Number 50. Four Dollars. “Yelana and Mohammed go to school with children from 25 countries learning a new language in Maine.”

Contents

• 2 Nineteen Pine Street Around the corner from Salt waited a compelling story about a school. We tell it in this issue, challenging negative press about Reiche.
• 4 Myrtle Myrtle Lowell left home at age 13 to go to work. That was more than 70 years ago. She’s never had time for needlework. “Course not! God almighty! Only the Southern ladies could do that. Not us old crows.” …

Theoretical And Conceptual Lacunae In Sociological Theories Of Development: The Puerto Rican Anomaly, Dennis Malaret

Dissertations

Puerto Rico is presently facing serious economic and social problems which are characteristic of a neocolony. Many of these problems are associated with Puerto Rico's historical path of industrial development adopted in 1940s. This study, therefore, focuses on economic and development policies implemented in Puerto Rico since the early 1900s and the political and economic role the U.S. has played in such policies.

To understand Puerto Rico's structural problems, a theoretical framework has been developed. This framework combines developmentalist theories such as modernization, dependency, capitalist world economy and indigenous Puerto Rican theorizing. These theories have been critically assessed for their …

Ua3/9/5 Script Chamber Of Cmomerce Coffee Hour, Wku President's Office

WKU Archives Records

Transcription of Bowling Green Area Chamber of Commerce Coffee Hour at which WKU president Gary Ransdell was the guest speaker.

Population Numbers Are Necessary To Predict The Future, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"'Demographics explain about two-thirds of everything.' So say David K. Foot and Daniel Stoffman in Canada's best selling nonfiction book for 1996, Boom, Bust and Echo."

Performance And Accountability In Human Services: Ownership And Responsibility Of Professionals, Anna-Marie Madison

New England Journal of Public Policy

The recent frenzy of grant makers and government agencies in requiring impact evaluations of all grant recipients has created consternation among human service providers. To ensure their agencies' survival and worker job security, the leaders are faced with meeting the demands offunder-driven programming. Agencies seeking funding must comply with funder-defined needs and accountability criteria rather than their public missions. This article describes the use of mission-based performance evaluation rather than funder compliance to demonstrate accountability for mission accomplishment.

Improving Workforce Conditions In Private Human Service Agencies: A Partnership Between A Union And Human Service Providers, James Green

New England Journal of Public Policy

In 1995 the Service Employees International Union Local 509 and four Massachusetts human service providers signed an unusual agreement to forge a partnership in which employers would remain neutral while the union approached its workers with an offer to advocate in the state legislature for greater funding for private human service employees and to promote cooperative relations with their employers. This study examines the context of the agreement and the pressures on public employee unions and small human service providers whose workforce copes with low wages, high turnover, meager benefits, and poor public image as well as the give-and-take between …

Allied Health Professions In The Health-Sector Job Structure, Françoise J. Carré

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article reviews the characteristics of allied health professions in the U.S., Massachusetts, and Boston health sectors. These occupations are considered in the broader context of the multitiered job structure of the health sector and their gender and ethnic composition. The discussion includes surveys of vacancy rates and wage levels for selected allied health professions in Massachusetts hospitals. The article concludes with a more detailed, albeit national, picture of these occupations in the hospital sector per se, their demographic composition, and earnings level.

Without Jobs, R.I.'S Place On Livability Lists Is Weak, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"All of us like to know and be part of the best places, whether this be restaurants, hospitals, colleges, golf courses, or whatever, so we rank them. These range from the international, where we rank levels of corruption by countries, to the local, where we rate the best clam shacks. And though we may not agree with some of the rankings, we find most of them useful in terms of making connections with places we know."

A Man Without A Job Is A Dead Man: The Meaning Of Work And Welfare In The Lives Of Young Men, Kathleen A. Kost

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Little is known about the use of welfare by young men as most research and debate have concentrated on the use of welfare by families headed by single women. This research includes young men in this debate by examining the personal characteristics, events that precipitated their use, why they exited, and the barriers they faced in obtaining employment. Data are from qualitative interviews of 20 young men who resided in Madison, Wisconsin. Findings suggest that these men use General Assistance as a type of unemployment insurance between jobs. Policy, program and research recommendations are made regarding the need for assistance …

Research To Practice: Unrealized Potential: Differing Outcomes For Individuals With Mental Retardation And Other Disability Groups, Sheila Fesko

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

A national study examined job search practices used by community rehabilitation providers and state vocational rehabilitation counselors. Employment outcomes for individuals with mental retardation are contrasted with those for individuals with other disabilities.

Women In High Technology Enterprises, Sara Lafrance

MALS Final Projects, 1995-2019

Although women have been in the work force for time immemorial, their ability to obtain positions equal to men's have nearly always been compromised. There have been many efforts to rectify this situation, including legislation, corporate awareness, peer pressure, and individual achievements. But none has held the promise of as much transformation as the changes that are occurring in today's business world. This paper will explore whether the new business model, especially in the high technology sector, will enable women to break through the discrimination barriers of the past and compete on an equal playing field.

Discrimination Against Female Graduate Teaching Assistants, Joanne Ardovini-Brooker

Dissertations

Many studies have been done concerning the classroom climate, particularly in the university setting. It has been found that the classroom climate for women is one that is cold, unreceptive, unwelcoming, and even hostile to women. This chilly reception is endured by female undergraduate students, graduate students, and professors. This researcher believes that the chilly classroom climate also extends to female graduate teaching assistants/instructors. I also believe that this chilly climate may be chillier and more hostile for them, since graduate teaching assistants/instructors do not have the status associated with a doctoral degree. This concept is the basis for what …

What’S Good For Gm… : Deindustrialization, And Crime In Four Michigan Cities, 1975-1993, Rick Matthews

Dissertations

This study examines the effects of deteriorated economic conditions caused by General Motor's deindustrialization efforts between 1975 and 1993 on crime rates in four Michigan cities. The Michigan cities ofFlint and Saginaw are used as examples of cities that were highly dependent on General Motors for their economic well-being, and are compared with Lansing and Grand Rapids which had more diversified economies and experienced less social disorganization. It is hypothesized that General Motor's deindustrialization efforts in Flint and Saginaw caused social disorganization to increase, which, in turn, caused crime rates to increase. Lansing and Grand Rapids, on the other hand, …

Dispatchers' Perceptions Of Computer-Aided Dispatch (Cad) In Police Communications Operations: An Exploratory Study, Anthony L. Luckman

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Since the 1970s, law enforcement officials, policy makers and academics have promoted the use of computer-aided dispatch (CAD) as a way of improving both the efficiency and effectiveness of police operations. Past literature on CAD focused on the technology's assumed capabilities for meeting certain goals. However, little if any research has, either objectively or subjectively, tested CAD's ability to meet these goals. This study utilizes subjective data collected from both dispatchers currently using CAD and those who are awaiting its implementation to determine their perceptions of CAD's ability to meet some of these goals. Of primary interest here was CAD' …

Critical Thinking In The Workplace, Gloria Asselta Cairns

Critical and Creative Thinking Capstones Collection

Richard Paul, a leading figure in the critical thinkng movement, and Robert Reich, Secretary of Labor in the Clinton Administration report that the need for applying critical thinking skills in the workplace is essential, if America is to remain competitive in the global economy. The degree to which employees think insightfully and are able to resolve complex problems will determine how competitive a business remains. In the past two decades, an unprecedented number of American businesses have been bought out, merged with another, or downsized.

Salt, Vol. 13, No. 1, Salt Institute For Documentary Studies

Salt Magazine Archive

SALT. Published by the Salt Center for Documentary Field Studies. Number 49. Four Dollars. “Women’s work is fighting fires. Vicki’s job. Building bridges. Shoeing horses. Fishing. Women entering the trades.”

Contents

• 2 Nineteen Pine Street Going overboard—and aboard—to get the story, whether it’s groundfishing or hanging out at Amistad.
• 5 Women’s Work Redefining women’s work. A look at 16 Maine women in the trades. Their work ranges from pipe fitting to construction to truck driving.
• 14 Grounding the Boats For groundfishermen like Lendall Alexander, the crisis is here. A way of life his family has known for four generations may …

Assessing Consensus: The Promise And Performance Of Negotiated Rulemaking, Cary Coglianese

All Faculty Scholarship

Over its thirteen year history, the negotiated rulemaking process has yielded only thirty-five final administrative rules. By comparison, the federal government publishes over 3,000 final rules each year through the ordinary notice-and- comment process. Why have federal agencies relied so little on negotiated rulemaking? I examine this question by assessing the impact of negotiating rulemaking on its two major purposes: (1) reducing rulemaking time; and (2) decreasing the amount of litigation over agency rules. My analysis suggests that the asserted problems used to justify negotiated rulemaking have been overstated and that the limitations of negotiated rulemaking have been understated. Negotiated …

Assessing The Labor Needs Of Industries - Assessing The Labor Needs Of Regions: A Strategy For Collecting Regional Labor Market Information For The North Central Massachusetts Regional Employment Board, Center For Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

The North Central Massachusetts Regional Planning Board (NCMREB) is a not-for- profit agency that serves the cities of Fitchburg, Gardner, Leominster, and the surrounding 20 towns. It is one of 16 regional employment boards in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and is "responsible for ' the oversight, coordination, and policy making' of publicly funded employment and training programs that serve all age groups." (Courtesy of NCMREB)

The challenge that the NCMREB faces is in keeping abreast of the rapidly changing labor needs of industries in the region. The more the NCMREB knows about the needs and qualities of the peoples and …

The Employer Perspective: Jobs Held By The Milwaukee County Single Parent Population: January 1996-March 1997, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

The Employment and Training Institute examined data files of welfare records of single parents receiving AFDC as matched against quarterly wage reports submitted by Wisconsin employers to the state (from January 1996 through March 1997). Quarterly wage reports are required from most private employers, nonprofits, and government agencies. All 42, 120 jobs held by single parent case heads in the study population were tracked over five quarters to identify job retention and employment patterns over time. Employment was heavily concentrated in the retail and service sectors which made up 80 percent of employment episodes and 67 percent of all company …

Employment And Training Needs Of Central City Milwaukee Workers, A Survey Of 518 Innercity Milwaukee Households In December 1996, Lois M. Quinn

ETI Publications

A random sample of 518 households with working age adults was interviewed for nine zipcode areas in the Community Development Block Grant/Enterprise Community neighborhoods in order to obtain data on the training and employment needs of central city Milwaukee residents. Nearly half (48 percent) of all working age central city households had someone who was interested in job training to upgrade skills or to prepare for a new job. The most frequently requested training was in computer skills, listed by about a fourth of persons indicating an interest in upgrading their skills. A high proportion of workers expressed interest in …

Initial Findings On Mobility And Employment Of Public Assistance Recipients In Milwaukee County And Factors Relating To Changes In W-2 Regions Over Time, John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

At the request of the Private Industry Council of Milwaukee County, the Employment and Training Institute examined computerized caseload data of Milwaukee County Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Food Stamps and Medical Assistance cases in December 1995 and September 1996. All analyses in this report are limited to families with dependent children and expected to work under “W-2,” the state's new welfare requirement. Caseload changes were examined for each of six “W-2” regions created by the State of Wisconsin to administer welfare programs in Milwaukee County. Use of December 1995 and September 1996 caseload data allows comparisons of mobility …

Replacing Welfare With Work In The Wpa: The Handicraft Project That Made Milwaukee Famous, 28th Annual Morris Fromkin Memorial Lecture, Lois Quinn, Lois M. Quinn

ETI Publications

The Milwaukee WPA Handicraft Project represents the largest public work program for unskilled women on welfare in Milwaukee County. Its success in providing meaningful employment to women with few obvious labor market skills was noted in the 1930s and attracts interest today as Wisconsin and other states initiate new “welfare to work” programs. For her lecture researcher Lois Quinn draws upon interviews with Mary Kellogg Rice (art director of the project from 1935 to 1942) and other project supervisors, published and unpublished project records, and studies of federal New Deal programs. Several project staff were available to discuss their work …

Project Get Started: Comprehensive Assessment Of 1,551 Mothers With Infants On Afdc, A Project Of Milwaukee Area Technical College (1997), Francine Triplett, Lois M. Quinn

ETI Publications

This project conducted by Milwaukee Area Technical College provides an in-depth analysis of the new populations of mothers (with children ages three to twelve months of age) that Wisconsin is now requiring to secure and hold employment as a condition of their receipt of public assistance under Wisconsin welfare policies eliminating AFDC. In all, 1,551 mothers participated in the assessment program. The three to four hour orientation and assessment process included a group session which detailed the upcoming changes in “W-2” (Wisconsin’s new system), child support policies, rights and responsibilities, followed by reading and math tests and in-depth interviews by …

Employment And Earnings Of Milwaukee County Single Parent Afdc Families: Establishing Benchmarks For Measuring Employment Outcomes Under "W-2", John Pawasarat

ETI Publications

This report tracks the earnings and employment experience for the 25,125 single parents receiving AFDC in Milwaukee County in December 1995 who are expected to work under the "W-2" new state welfare regulations. The Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development matched the quarterly wage files from Wisconsin employers (January 1996 through March 1997) with the AFDC population in Milwaukee County. The Employment and Training Institute then analyzed employment patterns, jobs held and earnings for each single parent in the study population. Additionally, the AFDC and public assistance status of each AFDC case was examined for December 1995, September 1996 and December …

Multinational Enterprises: The Constitution Of A Pluralistic Legal Order, Jean-Philippe Robé

Jean-Philippe Robé

No abstract provided.

Relativism, Reflective Equilibrium, And Justice, Justin Schwartz

Justin Schwartz

THIS PAPER IS THE CO-WINNER OF THE FRED BERGER PRIZE IN PHILOSOPHY OF LAW FOR THE 1999 AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE BEST PUBLISHED PAPER IN THE PREVIOUS TWO YEARS.

The conflict between liberal legal theory and critical legal studies (CLS) is often framed as a matter of whether there is a theory of justice that the law should embody which all rational people could or must accept. In a divided society, the CLS critique of this view is overwhelming: there is no such justice that can command universal assent. But the liberal critique of CLS, that it degenerates into …

“We Have Raffeled For The Elephant & Won!”: The Wool Industry At South Union, Kentucky, Donna C. Parker, Jonathan J. Jeffrey

SCL Faculty and Staff Publications

Wool, next to cotton, is perhaps the most important of all textile fibers. Like most of their contemporaries, the Shakers of South Union, Kentucky, recognized the ease with which wool fibers were spun into yarn and the advantages of sturdy wool clothing. South Union’s textile industry grew from a simple carding mill to a full-fledged woolen factory with a 240-spindle spinning jack and 4 power looms. From its genesis in 1815 to its abrupt demised in 1868, the sect’s woolen industry provides a paradigm for the study of the United States’ textile industrialization.

Transition To Adulthood Of Female Factory Workers: Some Evidence From Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin, Ian Diamond, Ruchira Tabassum Naved, Margaret Newby

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The rapidly expanding sector of garment manufacturing for export is unusual for Bangladesh in that it employs young, unmarried women in large numbers. This paper examines data from a study on garment workers in Bangladesh to explore the implications of work for the early socialization of young women. For the first time young women are given an alternative to lives where they move directly from childhood into adulthood through early marriage and childbearing. Work creates a period of transition as contrasted with the abrupt assumption of adult roles at very young ages that marriage and childbearing mandate. It is argued …

An Inquiry Into The Psychological, Social And Work-Related Outcomes Of An Innovative Labor Adjustment Program, E. Jean Kellogg

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study describes and analyzes the psychological, social and work-related outcomes of unemployed steelworkers who participated in a labor adjustment program designed and delivered by personnel in Canada’s steel industry. The adjustment program, the Canadian Steel Trade and Employment Congress (CSTEC) Worker Adjustment Program, is a co-operative labor-management venture that is considered as a model upon which to base future labor adjustment programs in sectors beyond steel. A qualitative case study approach was utilized. Data were collected primarily in depth interviews and participant observations with twenty-four program participants, program staff and government labor adjustment officials. CSTEC’s Worker Adjustment Program emphasizes …

Taking Boards Seriously, Jill E. Fisch

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.