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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
An Evaluation Of Ambulance Service Performance Using A Geographic Information System, Jeremy Peters
An Evaluation Of Ambulance Service Performance Using A Geographic Information System, Jeremy Peters
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The accessibility, distribution and utilization of emergency health care services have a great impact on the effectiveness, efficiency and equity of health service delivery. The impact of these factors is heightened by the fact that ambulance resources, which are an important component of emergency health care, are often insufficient, resulting in performances below those required to respond reliably to emergency calls from demand areas. Measures of realized geographic accessibility of ambulances to call locations are of considerable importance in planning the deployment of this service as they allow planners to account for response time variations, often caused when ambulances are …
Chinese Congregations Of Ontario In The Context Of The History Of Pastoral Care Practice, Chun-An Wang
Chinese Congregations Of Ontario In The Context Of The History Of Pastoral Care Practice, Chun-An Wang
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This is a study of Chinese congregations of Ontario in the context of the history of pastoral care. According to a historical review, there are three major practice paradigms of pastoral care in the Western church. The classical pastoral paradigm emphasizes a Christian message. The clinical paradigm emphasizes personality and relationships. The communal- contextual paradigm tries to cover a wholistic goal namely, message, person, and context. In the nineteenth century, the Chinese church integrated the classical paradigm into contemporary culture. A micro-ethnographic survey of the Chinese churches of Ontario has revealed that the pastors still practise care ministry in a …
Evaluating Elaborative Interrogation's Efficacy With Expository Text, Rhonda Leah Boudreau
Evaluating Elaborative Interrogation's Efficacy With Expository Text, Rhonda Leah Boudreau
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study investigated whether elaborative interrogation would be an effective learning strategy with lengthy expository text. One hundred undergraduates (65 females and 35 males) comprised the study’s 5 groups: a) naturalistic elaborative interrogation, b) self-study, c) repetition, d) elaborative interrogation with pre-underlined main ideas; and, e) elaborative interrogation with pre-underlined main ideas plus structured ‘why’ questions. The expectation was that elaborative interrogation would prove to be a potent learning strategy relative to lower-order strategies (e.g., repetition); and that, when using expository text, students may require some supports to maximize the strategy’s gains. All students read an eight page passage on …
Supporting Community Innovators: An Evaluation Of The Sexual Offender Program Of Community Justice Initiatives, Kitchener, Ontario, Stephanie Campbell
Supporting Community Innovators: An Evaluation Of The Sexual Offender Program Of Community Justice Initiatives, Kitchener, Ontario, Stephanie Campbell
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis is an utilization-focussed evaluation of the Sexual Offender Program of Community Justice Initiatives (CJI) of Kitchener, ON. The evaluation was guided by a steering committee consisting of program stakeholders. The main goals of the study were to examine whether the program offers services which correspond to the program’s three newly stated outcome objectives and to gain program participants’ and volunteers’ suggestions to improve the program services. The study is also aimed to examine how well participants achieved the three program objectives. Information for the evaluation was gained through focus group interviews with program participants, telephone interviews with support …
Changes In Environmental Context And The Mirror Effect In Recognition Memory, Craig Andrew Livermore
Changes In Environmental Context And The Mirror Effect In Recognition Memory, Craig Andrew Livermore
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The present study examined the effect of environmental context on the mirror effect in recognition memory. In seven experiments, participants studied either high (HF) and low-frequency (LF) or noun and nonnoun pairs of words followed in a old/new item recognition test by which proportion correct, response time, and confidence judgments were measured. Single item or word pair targets and distractors were presented in same- or different-context conditions. Context was defined as the unique combination of foreground and background colour and position on a computer screen for two experiments while position was removed as a context variable for five experiments due …
A Voice For Our Future: High-Risk Adolescents' Perceptions And Experiences About Help And Healing Interventions, Cameron Dale Norman
A Voice For Our Future: High-Risk Adolescents' Perceptions And Experiences About Help And Healing Interventions, Cameron Dale Norman
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This critical ethnography examines the perceptions of adolescents at-risk with respect to their experiences of help, both formal and informal. Ten (10) adolescents who had been involved with the Bridges psychoeducational program, an interagency partnership intervention for high-risk youth in the Waterloo region, were interviewed about their experience with the programs and people who attempt to support them. Placing great importance on using the adolescent’s words to speak to their own needs and experiences, this study's main findings suggest that adolescents are not given voice by many helpers; most help agents fail to truly help these adolescents in a meaningful …
Examining Beliefs About The Causes Of Unemployment And Poverty: An Analysis Of The Causal Models From The Research Literature, Garson George Coon
Examining Beliefs About The Causes Of Unemployment And Poverty: An Analysis Of The Causal Models From The Research Literature, Garson George Coon
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The dissertation discusses findings of a study of the causal models of explanations of unemployment and poverty that have been developed in the research literature. The data used to examine the models are from the 1985 Edmonton Area Study Survey, University of Alberta (N=415), and the 1980 Beliefs about Social Stratification Study Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (N=704). The unemployment models were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was also used to develop additional causal models, which were also tested with CFA. Sources of variations in explanations were explored using post-hoc ANOVA analysis. The poverty …
Compassionate Fire: Women's Stories Of Subjective And Social Change, Norma Jean Profitt
Compassionate Fire: Women's Stories Of Subjective And Social Change, Norma Jean Profitt
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Feminist social work literature has focused on the provision of educational groups for women who have been abused but has overlooked the question of women’s movement from individual survival to collective resistance. This qualitative study explores the processes through which survivors of abuse by male partners become involved in collective action to combat violence against women. Using story telling and testimonio as a research method, the author interviewed 11 women about the factors, insights, events, and processes that inspired them to join with other women to confront violence against women. The author found that women’s movement from individual survival to …
The Social Construction Of Interprofessional Teams In Human Service Organizations: Two Case Studies, Daniel Philip Salhani
The Social Construction Of Interprofessional Teams In Human Service Organizations: Two Case Studies, Daniel Philip Salhani
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The study explores the way in which professional members who were engaged in struggles with each other around the nature and extent of autonomy over their work, and/or control over the work of others, socially constructed interprofessional team relations and processes. There were two major findings. First, it was found that the medical and non-medical professions at the sites were divided internally, and with each other, in terms of the way in which they understood team relations and processes. There were multiple and unique “orientations to teams” found among the professions and professional subgroupings. Each of these orientations implied professional …
Spatial And Structural Determinants Of Residential Burglary Rates In Kitchener-Waterloo (Ontario), Martin Christopher Anstey
Spatial And Structural Determinants Of Residential Burglary Rates In Kitchener-Waterloo (Ontario), Martin Christopher Anstey
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Traditional ecological analyses of burglary have a number of shortcomings. First, break-ins occurring within a neighbourhood have been regarded as a solely the product of local residents. Second, the relationship between burglary and its determinants has been considered constant across space. Third, the data used in ecological analysis has been treated as statistically independent. The purpose of this study is to expand upon previous ecological studies through an analysis of residential burglary in Kitchener-Waterloo, Canada Theory from environmental criminology (a discipline concerned with the spatial aspects of crime) is used in conjunction with spatial data analysis techniques and GIS technology …
Issues In Representing Ethnic Residential Segregation, Wanda Teresa Gayle Smith
Issues In Representing Ethnic Residential Segregation, Wanda Teresa Gayle Smith
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study will look at some of the issues involved in representing ethnic residential segregation. Segregation studies rely heavily upon indices and maps. However, both of these are sensitive to the spatial boundaries used. As well, maps have a visual element which affects the nature and degree of representation. Toronto has been chosen as the area of study because of its high degree of ethnic diversity. Five indices that describe the five dimensions of segregation (Massey and Denton, 1988) will be calculated at four standard levels of aggregation. As well, several types of maps will be produced to illustrate the …
Managing Urban Water Resources In A Developing Economy: The Case Of Owerri, Nigeria, Lawrence Chidi Anukam
Managing Urban Water Resources In A Developing Economy: The Case Of Owerri, Nigeria, Lawrence Chidi Anukam
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Projections indicate that the disparity in population numbers will widen further by the year 2025 when the global population is expected to be 8.5 billion, and at that time about 84% will be living in the developing countries (World Resources Institute, 1992). The greatest proportional increase will occur in Africa, where the population is projected to nearly triple, from a 1990 level of 642 million to 1.6 billion in 2025. In 1997, the population of Nigeria alone was about 100 million, making it the largest country, in terms of population, in Africa. From 1960 to 1990, the average annual population …
Making Connections: Greek And Sri Lankan Tamil Perceptions Of Mental Health, Ways Of Coping, And Help-Seeking, Margaret Douglin
Making Connections: Greek And Sri Lankan Tamil Perceptions Of Mental Health, Ways Of Coping, And Help-Seeking, Margaret Douglin
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis explores the perceptions of mental health, mental health problems, depression, and the coping and help-seeking behaviour of Greeks and Sri Lankan Tamils in Toronto. The study was undertaken in collaboration with a community mental health agency located in the Toronto community council area of East York. The information from this study will be used to help the agency, "Alternatives," develop a strategy for reaching more members of diverse ethnic communities. In this study data were collected through interviews with Greek and Tamil service-providers and focus groups with lay community members using a qualitative, culturally sensitive, and participatory action …
The Courage To Change: Salvadoran Stories Of Personal And Social Transformation (El Salvador), Audrey Celeste Rosa
The Courage To Change: Salvadoran Stories Of Personal And Social Transformation (El Salvador), Audrey Celeste Rosa
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Through a humanist, socialist, and feminist lens this study is an exploration of the process of social change. Using a grounded-theory and narrative approach, and a mix of qualitative methods (field study, in-depth and informal interviews, and participant observation), eleven in-depth interviews were generated from the sociocultural and political context of El Salvador: a country which has chosen a revolutionary path to social change. The present study focuses on the personal and social transformation processes of eight exemplary individuals, six of whom the author has known through an extensive history of solidarity work and social action. The resulting narratives are …
The Relations Of Parenting Characteristics And Parents' Levels Of Care Reasoning To Preschoolers' Prosocial Reasoning, Stacey Tzavelas
The Relations Of Parenting Characteristics And Parents' Levels Of Care Reasoning To Preschoolers' Prosocial Reasoning, Stacey Tzavelas
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Past research examining parenting variables in relation to the development of prosocial reasoning in children has been minimal. Here, 27 two-parent families with a first-born four-and-one-half-year-old child were studied. Children’s prosocial reasoning was measured using Eisenberg’s Prosocial Reasoning Task. Aspects of a model of socialization proposed by Darling and Steinberg (1991) which includes parenting values, styles and practices were used here to generate predictions regarding preschoolers’ socialization. Parents’ authoritativeness of style was measured based on Baumrind’s paradigm (1971). Also measured were the values parents chose as being important for their children, and parents’ moral orientation (care versus justice) in the …
Structural Constraints To Development And Land Use In Rural Jamaica: The Case Of Long Road, St. Mary, Anthony John Weis
Structural Constraints To Development And Land Use In Rural Jamaica: The Case Of Long Road, St. Mary, Anthony John Weis
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Jamaica is currently experiencing the highest rate of deforestation in the world, with severe environmental consequences attendant to the loss of its ecologically significant forests. It also possesses extreme rural poverty and the intense need for development. In Jamaica, as throughout much of the tropics, peasant farmers are blamed as the primary agents of forest colonization. The purpose of this thesis, therefore, is to elucidate how the development and land use decisions of peasant farmers at a study site are constrained by external forces. The goal is to assess how progress towards environment and development (or ‘sustainability’) goals in rural …
Labour Market Marginalisation Of Young Latinos In San Antonio, Texas: A Geographical Perspective Of Neighbourhood Processes, Harald Sven Bauder
Labour Market Marginalisation Of Young Latinos In San Antonio, Texas: A Geographical Perspective Of Neighbourhood Processes, Harald Sven Bauder
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Latinos cluster in the lower segments of the U. S. labour market and therefore suffer disproportionately from labour market marginalisation and poverty. This dissertation examines supply side forces of the ethnic division of labour. Expanding upon structuration theory and realism, the research investigates the role of place in shaping career decisions of Latino youth. A case study of greater San Antonio, Texas, uses quantitative analysis of U. S. Census data to examine the patterns of youth labour market marginalisation in census tracts. In addition, qualitative in-depth interview analysis was conducted with twenty-nine youth and seventeen community-based institutions in two selected …
Gender Differences And Similarities In Moral Orientations: A Narrative Approach To Moral Socialization Within The Family, Susan M. Hilbers
Gender Differences And Similarities In Moral Orientations: A Narrative Approach To Moral Socialization Within The Family, Susan M. Hilbers
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Some research suggests that adults as parents, in particular, may orient their moral reasoning and socialization of children differentially by gender (Lollis, Ross, & Leroux, 1996; Pratt, Amold, & Hilbers, 1998; Pratt, Golding, Hunter, & Sampson, 1988). The present study investigates the extent to which mothers and fathers differ in their moral orientations with respect to socializing young children, specifically in their use of a narrative or storytelling mode. The present study also examines the extent to which gender of the child influences the orientation of parents’ socialization narratives told to and about their young children. Thirty married couples, whose …
Attentional, Instructional, And Depth Effects On Retrieval Estimates, Jennifer Vonk
Attentional, Instructional, And Depth Effects On Retrieval Estimates, Jennifer Vonk
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Much evidence has been presented in support of the view that deeper levels of processing (DOP) during encoding lead to substantial increases in explicit memory performance. The effects of DOP on implicit memory performance have been much more controversial. We attempted to find evidence to support the idea that deeper processing may influence automatic retrieval processes and that contradictory findings from the process dissociation procedure (PDP) may have resulted from the underestimation of automatic retrieval. This underestimation would result when automatic (A) and conscious retrieval (C) processes are positively correlated rather than independent as the PDP model suggests. We found …
Effects Of Cholinergic And Dopaminergic Drugs On Number And Time Processing In Rats, Romina Coppa
Effects Of Cholinergic And Dopaminergic Drugs On Number And Time Processing In Rats, Romina Coppa
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study describes the effects of cholinergic and dopaminergic drugs on time and number processing by rats. Rats were trained to discriminate discrete sound sequences. On number trials, the duration of the sound sequence was a constant 4 seconds and the number of sounds was 2 or 8. On time trials, the number of sounds was held constant at 4, and the duration of the sound sequence was either 2 or 8 seconds. Psychophysical functions for number and time were obtained by presenting unreinforced sequences of intermediate number and duration. Accuracy of performance was greater with temporal signals than with …
Assessing The Separate Contributions Of Recollection And Familiarity For The Mirror Effect: A Process Dissociation Approach, Elvin Dobani
Assessing The Separate Contributions Of Recollection And Familiarity For The Mirror Effect: A Process Dissociation Approach, Elvin Dobani
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
In four separate experiments, we employed Jacoby's (1991) process dissociation procedure (PDP) to evaluate the extent to which the mirror effect in recognition memory can be accounted for by recollection and In the first experiment, participants listened to two study lists of words, one in a female voice and the other in a male voice. Their memory for one set of words was gauged via an inclusion test, while their recognition of the other set was gauged via an exclusion test As predicted, a significant mirror effect was observed for both the inclusion and exclusion conditions, and the PDP recollection …
What Is The Unique And Direct Effect Of An Uninvolved Father On His Son's Self-Concept As An Adult Man? A Dialogue Between Samuel Osherson's 'Finding Our Fathers,' Social Scientists And Christian Theology, Christopher Stephen Beausoleil
What Is The Unique And Direct Effect Of An Uninvolved Father On His Son's Self-Concept As An Adult Man? A Dialogue Between Samuel Osherson's 'Finding Our Fathers,' Social Scientists And Christian Theology, Christopher Stephen Beausoleil
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Though trends are slowly changing, fathers in our society continue to be considerably less involved than mothers in the care and nurturing of their children. Samuel Osherson's theory about the negative effect of father uninvolvement on the self-concept of sons once they become adult men is used as a starting point for discussion between the social sciences and Christianity. The discussion is limited to the effect on gender role identity and self-esteem, two elements of self—concept which can be isolated in Osherson's publication Finding Our Fathers. With a few exceptions, research and scholarly writing in the field of social science …
A Question Of Integrity: A Theological Exercise In Relating Process Thought With Object Relations Psychology In Pastoral Counselling, Cindy Schnasa Jacobsen
A Question Of Integrity: A Theological Exercise In Relating Process Thought With Object Relations Psychology In Pastoral Counselling, Cindy Schnasa Jacobsen
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The role of identity for the pastoral counsellor is explored in its function in the development of professional identity. This thesis utilizes Object Relations Theory and Process Theology as conceptual foundations in articulating the unique process of the emerging professional identity of the pastoral counsellor. It is argued that, when grounded within selfobjects that embrace our theological training as pastors, we can as clinicians engage ourselves in the process of change. This thesis stresses that as pastoral counsellors acknowledge within themselves their important role as theologian in the room with clients, they join in the “aim of God” for change …
Stakeholder Attitudes As A Resistance Toward Long-Range Management Of A Threatened Landscape: A Case Study Of Aggregate Use In The Township Of North Dumfries (Ontario), Kim Margaret Horrigan
Stakeholder Attitudes As A Resistance Toward Long-Range Management Of A Threatened Landscape: A Case Study Of Aggregate Use In The Township Of North Dumfries (Ontario), Kim Margaret Horrigan
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The Township of North Dumfries is located in the rapidly expanding Municipality of Waterloo. This Township is in close proximity to Kitchener, Waterloo, Cambridge, Guelph, Hamilton, and is halfway between London and Toronto, with the primary east-west Highway 401 running through the Township. It is an unique area in that it is characterized by an abundance of prime agricultural lands, Environmentally Sensitive Policy Areas, and wetlands. In addition, the Township is underlain with a large quantity of good quality glacially derived aggregate materials. Land use conflicts have increased as a result of aggregate developers’ pressures on the resources of this …
The Educational Impacts Of The Boyne River Natural Science School: Twenty-Five Years Later (Ontario), Roy George Cumming
The Educational Impacts Of The Boyne River Natural Science School: Twenty-Five Years Later (Ontario), Roy George Cumming
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This paper examines how one or more visits to the Boyne River Natural Science School operated by the Toronto Board of Education affects students’ environmental attitudes and behaviours. It also looks at what effect these visits had on their perceptions about the environment and whether the program was important in their personal and educational development. The study surveys students who attended the Boyne River Natural Science School between 1973 and 1986. Effects were measured by means of a short questionnaire. From this time period 125 students filled out the questionnaire, with the gender breakdown being 65 females and 60 males. …
Modelling Spatial Processes: The Identification And Analysis Of Spatial Relationships In Regression Residuals By Means Of Moran's I (Germany), Michael Tiefelsdorf
Modelling Spatial Processes: The Identification And Analysis Of Spatial Relationships In Regression Residuals By Means Of Moran's I (Germany), Michael Tiefelsdorf
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis deals with the implementation, identification and analysis of relationships between geo-referenced objects. Significant spatial relationships manifest themselves in a spatial process which is modelled on a combination of spatial structure and spatial autocorrelation levels. Simple spatial structures reflect plain spill-over effects between adjacent spatial objects, whereas theoretical guided spatial structure mirror functional exchange relationships within the system of spatial objects. In empirical work, the underlying spatial process is unknown. The linking mechanism between a hypothetical spatial structure and a stochastic input must be identified from the observed data. This is accomplished here by means of the test statistic …
The Dynamics Of Ethnic Residential Patterns In The Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (Ontario), Marinel Mandres
The Dynamics Of Ethnic Residential Patterns In The Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (Ontario), Marinel Mandres
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Responding to contemporary urban changes and increasing social complexities, this research endeavours to determine whether recently arrived immigrants still follow residential configurations as prescribed by traditional urban ecological models or whether ethnic groups are displaying a new dispersed (i.e. ‘shot gun’) domiciliary pattern characterized by enclave scattering. A new conceptual model describing various spatial outcomes relative to primary destinations of initial immigrant settlement and subsequent relocation is developed according to propositions discussed in the literature review. Subsequent statistical analyses focus upon the hypothesized post-1980 areal placement of six ethnic groups (Greek, Jewish, Multiethnic, Aboriginal, Chinese, and Jamaican) using the British …
Models Of Church-Agency Relationship In Church-Affiliated Social Service Agencies In The Region Of Waterloo (Ontario), Buetta Louise Martin Warkentin
Models Of Church-Agency Relationship In Church-Affiliated Social Service Agencies In The Region Of Waterloo (Ontario), Buetta Louise Martin Warkentin
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This thesis is an exploration of the models of relationship that are evident in the Region of Waterloo, between church-affiliated social service agencies and their supporting church bodies. Church-affiliated social service agencies were defined as those that either use Christian terminology or denominational names in their title, that require church representation at a board or corporate membership level, or that receive regular, committed financial or volunteer support from a church body. Ten agencies that fit this description were studied, with interviews conducted with agency representatives as well as four church representatives from organizations representing three different models. An interview was …