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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Partner Influence In Diet And Exercise Behaviors: Testing Behavior Modeling, Social Control, And Normative Body Size, Brea Perry, Gabriele Ciciurkaite, Christy Freadreacea Brady, Justin Garcia
Partner Influence In Diet And Exercise Behaviors: Testing Behavior Modeling, Social Control, And Normative Body Size, Brea Perry, Gabriele Ciciurkaite, Christy Freadreacea Brady, Justin Garcia
Sociology Faculty Publications
Previous research has documented social contagion in obesity and related health behaviors, but less is known about the social processes underlying these patterns. Focusing on married or cohabitating couples, we simultaneously explore three potential social mechanisms influencing obesity: normative body size, social control, and behavior modeling. We analyze the association between partner characteristics and the obesity-related health behaviors of focal respondents, comparing the effects of partners’ body type, partners’ attempts to manage respondents’ eating behaviors, and partners’ own health behaviors on respondents’ health behaviors (physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and fast food consumption). Data on 215 partners are extracted …
The Serotonin Transporter Promoter Polymorphism Moderates The Continuity Of Behavioral Inhibition In Early Childhood., Victoria C Johnson, Katie R Kryski, Haroon I Sheikh, Heather J Smith, Shiva M Singh, Elizabeth P Hayden
The Serotonin Transporter Promoter Polymorphism Moderates The Continuity Of Behavioral Inhibition In Early Childhood., Victoria C Johnson, Katie R Kryski, Haroon I Sheikh, Heather J Smith, Shiva M Singh, Elizabeth P Hayden
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Persistently elevated behavioral inhibition (BI) in children is a marker of vulnerability to psychopathology. However, little research has considered the joint influences of caregiver and child factors that may moderate the continuity of BI in early childhood, particularly genetic variants that may serve as markers of biological plasticity, such as the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR). We explored this issue in 371 preschoolers and their caregivers, examining whether parent characteristics (i.e., overinvolvement or anxiety disorder) and child 5-HTTLPR influenced the continuity of BI between ages 3 and 5. Measures were observational ratings of child BI, observational and questionnaire measures …
Racial Differences In Renal Replacement Therapy Initiation Among Children With A Nonglomerular Cause Of Chronic Kidney Disease., Derek K. Ng, Marva Moxey-Mims, Bradley A. Warady, Susan L. Furth, Alvaro Muñoz
Racial Differences In Renal Replacement Therapy Initiation Among Children With A Nonglomerular Cause Of Chronic Kidney Disease., Derek K. Ng, Marva Moxey-Mims, Bradley A. Warady, Susan L. Furth, Alvaro Muñoz
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
PURPOSE: African American (AA) adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a faster progression to end-stage renal disease and are less likely to receive a kidney transplant. It is unclear whether AA children experience renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease sooner than non-AA children after accounting for socioeconomic status (SES).
METHODS: Among children with nonglomerular CKD in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study, we investigated time to RRT (i.e., first dialysis or transplant) after CKD onset using parametric survival models and accounted for SES differences by inverse probability weights.
RESULTS: Of 110 AA and 493 non-AA children …
Profiles Of Neuropsychological Functioning In Children And Adolescents With Spina Bifida: Associations With Biopsychosocial Predictors And Functional Outcomes, Grayson N. Holmbeck, Rachel M. Wasserman
Profiles Of Neuropsychological Functioning In Children And Adolescents With Spina Bifida: Associations With Biopsychosocial Predictors And Functional Outcomes, Grayson N. Holmbeck, Rachel M. Wasserman
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The current study examined neuropsychological performance among children with spina bifida (SB) to determine biological and functional correlates of distinct “profiles” of cognitive functioning. Methods: A total of 95 children with SB myelomeningocele (ages, 8–15 years) completed a neuropsychological assessment battery. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analyses were used to identify and confirm a cluster solution. Hypothesized predictors of cluster membership included lesion level, number of shunt surgeries, history of seizures, age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, and family stress. Outcomes included independence, academic success, expectations for the future, and quality of life. Results: Ward’s cluster method indicated a three-cluster solution, and was …
Uninvolved Maternal Feeding Style Moderates The Association Of Emotional Overeating To Preschoolers’ Body Mass Index Z-Scores, Maren Hankey, Natalie A. Williams, Dipti A. Dev
Uninvolved Maternal Feeding Style Moderates The Association Of Emotional Overeating To Preschoolers’ Body Mass Index Z-Scores, Maren Hankey, Natalie A. Williams, Dipti A. Dev
Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications
Objective: To examine the relation between preschoolers' eating behaviors and body mass index (BMI) z-scores (BMIz) and the moderating role of permissive parent feeding styles in these associations.
Design: Cross-sectional study involving mothers' report of food-related parenting styles and child eating behaviors.
Setting: Small city in southern Mississippi.
Participants: Mother–preschooler dyads (n = 104).
Main Outcome Measure: Child body BMIz.
Analysis: Moderated multiple regression.
Results: An uninvolved feeding style moderated the relationship between emotional eating and BMIz such that children with higher emotional overeating scores had higher a BMIz in the presence of an uninvolved feeding style (B …
Jumpin’ Jacks: Social Marketing Campaign Aimed To Increase Awareness Of Healthful Behavior In South Dakota Fourth Grade Students, Megan N. Olesen, Kendra Kattelmann, Jessica Meendering, Suzanne Stluka
Jumpin’ Jacks: Social Marketing Campaign Aimed To Increase Awareness Of Healthful Behavior In South Dakota Fourth Grade Students, Megan N. Olesen, Kendra Kattelmann, Jessica Meendering, Suzanne Stluka
Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
This study investigated the influence of utilizing a collegiate mascot as a marketing tool for the promotion of fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity among 4th grade students. The program utilized service learning and formative research for the development of a social marketing campaign comprised of nutrition education and brand marketing. A pre-test/post-test design was used to measure fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity in participants in intervention and control schools. Awareness and understanding of the campaign was assessed post-intervention. There were no changes in fruit and vegetable intake or physical activity. However, 91% of the intervention students …
Socialization And Selection Effects In The Association Between Weight Conscious Peer Groups And Thin-Ideal Internalization: A Co-Twin Control Study, Jessica L. Vanhuysse, S. Alexandra Burt, Shannon M. O'Connor, Joel K. Thompson, Kelly L. Klump
Socialization And Selection Effects In The Association Between Weight Conscious Peer Groups And Thin-Ideal Internalization: A Co-Twin Control Study, Jessica L. Vanhuysse, S. Alexandra Burt, Shannon M. O'Connor, Joel K. Thompson, Kelly L. Klump
Psychology Faculty Publications
Affiliation with weight conscious peer groups is theorized to increase thin-ideal internalization through socialization processes. However, selection effects could contribute if genetic and/or environmental predispositions lead to affiliation with weight conscious peers. Co-twin control methodology was used to examine socialization and selection effects in 614 female twins (ages 8-15) from the Michigan State University Twin Registry (MSUTR). Thin-ideal internalization and peer group characteristics were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Results suggested the presence of both socialization and selection effects. In terms of socialization, twins who reported increased exposure to weight conscious peers relative to their co-twins had elevated thin-ideal internalization scores, …
Illustrations Of Child Anxiety, Erica G. O'Connell
Illustrations Of Child Anxiety, Erica G. O'Connell
Senior Honors Projects
I have found through my experience at The University of Rhode Island that two things are lacking; attention to the arts, and conversation about mental illness. Books are not only used as an educational tool for literacy among children but also as a way to introduce challenging topics. Combining my two majors, Art and Psychology, I aimed to create a real life tool that exposes children to the topic of mental health. The targeted age group for this book is between 4 through 6 years. By introducing this conversation to children at an appropriate level of learning, my hope is …
Tired, Hungry, And Grumpy: Understanding The Direct And Indirect Relationships Among Child Temperament, Sleep Problems, Feeding Styles, And Weight Outcomes, Alyssa Lundahl
Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Research indicates that temperament is related to later obesity risk in both childhood and adulthood (e.g., Anzman-Frasca et al., 2012; Darlington & Wright, 2006), but less research has examined the mechanisms underlying this relationship. It is likely that temperament influences factors that increase one’s risk for obesity, such as parental feeding practices and child sleep problems. As such, the primary aim of the present study was to provide rigorous concurrent and longitudinal examinations of temperament, feeding practices, sleep problems, and child zBMI in a sample of healthy preschool children. In addition, the moderating role of SES was examined. A secondary …
Effects Of Parent Child Interaction And Language Stimulation On Children's Language Development, Rachel E. Timm, Helen Raikes
Effects Of Parent Child Interaction And Language Stimulation On Children's Language Development, Rachel E. Timm, Helen Raikes
UCARE Research Products
Research Questions:
- Does parent positive regard relate to a child’s receptive language development?
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Does language stimulation relate to a child’s receptive language development?
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Does parent bookreading behavior (reading fluency, reading intonation/animation, comfort level, and child involvement) relate to a child’s receptive language development?
Measures:
- Preschool Language Scale-5 (PLS-5)
- Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4 (PPVT-4)
- HOME Language and Literacy Scale
- Video Codes from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care
Results:
- Positive regard was not significantly related to the PLS-5 or the PPVT-4.
- The HOME Language and Literacy Scale was a significant predictor of the PPVT-4 and was related to the PLS-5 …
Revising The Bis/Bas Scale To Study Development: Measurement Invariance And Normative Effects Of Age And Sex From Childhood Through Adulthood., David Pagliaccio, Katherine R Luking, Andrey P Anokhin, Ian H Gotlib, Elizabeth P Hayden, Thomas M Olino, Chun-Zi Peng, Greg Hajcak, Deanna M Barch
Revising The Bis/Bas Scale To Study Development: Measurement Invariance And Normative Effects Of Age And Sex From Childhood Through Adulthood., David Pagliaccio, Katherine R Luking, Andrey P Anokhin, Ian H Gotlib, Elizabeth P Hayden, Thomas M Olino, Chun-Zi Peng, Greg Hajcak, Deanna M Barch
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
Carver and White's (1994) Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) Scales have been useful tools for studying individual differences in reward-punishment sensitivity; however, their factor structure and invariance across development have not been well tested. In the current study, we examined the factor structure of the BIS/BAS Scales across 5 age groups: 6- to 10-year-old children (N = 229), 11- to 13-year-old early adolescents (N = 311), 14- to 16-year-old late adolescents (N = 353), 18- to 22-year-old young adults (N = 844), and 30- to 45-year-old adults (N = 471). Given poor fit of the standard 4-factor model (BIS, …
Nurses’ Perceptions Of Parents Staying During Chronically Ill Child’S Hospitalization: Learning To Speak The Same Language, Nicole Toscano
Nurses’ Perceptions Of Parents Staying During Chronically Ill Child’S Hospitalization: Learning To Speak The Same Language, Nicole Toscano
Social Work Theses
Since parents and nurses are at the forefront of a hospitalized child’s care, it is crucial to understand the views of parents and nurses to provide the best care for the patient. Parental views have been examined by previous research; thus, this qualitative research study assesses nurses’ perceptions concerning the parental role during a child’s hospitalization. Assessing where nurses’ place parents in the medical world will help the overall care of the patient. The results of the semi-structured interviews of two nurses corresponds with the hypothesis that nurses’ view parents as integral to the care of the patient, even if …
Fear Conditioning And Extinction In Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Joseph F. Mcguire, Scott P. Orr, Monica S. Wu, Adam B. Lewin, Brent J. Small, Vicky Phares, Tanya K. Murphy, Sabine Wilhelm, Daniel S. Pine, Daniel Geller, Eric A. Storch
Fear Conditioning And Extinction In Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Joseph F. Mcguire, Scott P. Orr, Monica S. Wu, Adam B. Lewin, Brent J. Small, Vicky Phares, Tanya K. Murphy, Sabine Wilhelm, Daniel S. Pine, Daniel Geller, Eric A. Storch
Psychology Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Fear acquisition and extinction are central constructs in the cognitive-behavioral model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which underlies exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Youth with OCD may have impairments in fear acquisition and extinction that carry treatment implications. We examined these processes using a differential conditioning procedure.
METHODS: Forty-one youth (19 OCD, 22 community comparisons) completed a battery of clinical interviews, rating scales, and a differential conditioning task that included habituation, acquisition, and extinction phases. Skin conductance response (SCR) served as the primary dependent measure.
RESULTS: During habituation, no difference between groups was observed. During acquisition, differential fear conditioning was observed …
I Get Height With A Little Help From My Friends: Herd Protection From Sanitation On Child Growth In Rural Ecuador [Post-Print], James Fuller, Eduardo Villamor, William Cevallos, James A. Trostle, Joseph Eisenberg
I Get Height With A Little Help From My Friends: Herd Protection From Sanitation On Child Growth In Rural Ecuador [Post-Print], James Fuller, Eduardo Villamor, William Cevallos, James A. Trostle, Joseph Eisenberg
Faculty Scholarship
Background: Infectious disease interventions, such as vaccines and bed nets, have the potential to provide herd protection to non-recipients. Similarly, improved sanitation in one household may provide community-wide benefits if it reduces contamination in the shared environment. Sanitation at the household level is an important predictor of child growth, but less is known about the effect of sanitation coverage in the community.
Methods: From 2008 to 2013, we took repeated anthropometric measurements on 1314 children under 5 years of age in 24 rural Ecuadorian villages. Using mixed effects regression, we estimated the association between sanitation coverage in surrounding households and …
Toddlers’ Word Learning From Contingent And Non-Contingent Video On Touchscreens, Heather L. Kirkorian, Koeun Choi, Tiffany A. Pempek
Toddlers’ Word Learning From Contingent And Non-Contingent Video On Touchscreens, Heather L. Kirkorian, Koeun Choi, Tiffany A. Pempek
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Researchers examined whether contingent experience using a touchscreen increased toddlers’ ability to learn a word from video. One-hundred-sixteen children (24-36 mos) watched an on-screen actress label an object: (1) without interacting, (2) with instructions to touch anywhere on the screen, or (3) with instructions to touch a specific spot (location of labeled object). The youngest children learned from contingent video in the absence of reciprocal interactions with a live social partner, but only when contingent video required specific responses that emphasized important information on the screen. Conversely, this condition appeared to disrupt learning by slightly older children who were otherwise …
Fostering Effective Early Learning: A Review Of The Current International Evidence Considering Quality In Early Childhood Education And Care Programmes - In Delivery, Pedagogy And Child Outcomes, Iram Siraj, Denise Kingston, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Steven J. Howard, Edward Melhuish, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Betty Luu
Fostering Effective Early Learning: A Review Of The Current International Evidence Considering Quality In Early Childhood Education And Care Programmes - In Delivery, Pedagogy And Child Outcomes, Iram Siraj, Denise Kingston, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Steven J. Howard, Edward Melhuish, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Betty Luu
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Executive Summary There is a large body of international academic research literature which examines the relationship between (i) early childhood education and care (ECEC) and (ii) children's developmental and learning outcomes. Decades of sustained international research by many different research groups demonstrate that children who attend ECEC are likely to experience better behavioural and learning outcomes than those who do not attend. The research findings are, of course, not always consistent, and are more robust over shorter measurement periods. Nevertheless, major national surveys (e.g. OECD, 2011) and ambitious longitudinal research projects (e.g. the EPPSE study, Sylva et al., 2014) document …
Child Safety Near Pot Shops In Denver, Jacob Flansberg, Elise Jackson, Amelia Theobald
Child Safety Near Pot Shops In Denver, Jacob Flansberg, Elise Jackson, Amelia Theobald
Engineering Applications of GIS - Laboratory Exercises
Some major factors in deciding where one’s family should live include relative safety of the neighborhood, available green space such as parks and schools, grocery stores, and other commercial retail in the area. With the legalization of marijuana in states such as Colorado, proximity of these marijuana dispensaries has become another factor. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can be used as a measure of vegetation, and to determine areas with high levels of irrigated vegetation. Using ArcGIS Modelbuilder, the data from an NDVI analysis can be used to determine the proximity of marijuana shops to these types of greenspaces …
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology And Pediatric Obesity: Psychopathology Or Sleep Deprivation?, Alyssa Lundahl, Timothy D. Nelson
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptomatology And Pediatric Obesity: Psychopathology Or Sleep Deprivation?, Alyssa Lundahl, Timothy D. Nelson
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity in children has received considerable attention in recent years. However, the literature currently overlooks the potential causal and maintaining role that sleep problems may play in this relationship. Using a biopsychosocial framework, this article highlights how sleep problems impact the biological, psychological, and social aspects of both ADHD symptomatology and obesity. An in-depth examination of this model illustrates the imperative need for future research and clinical practice to recognize and explore the role sleep has in the link between obesity and ADHD symptomatology.
Familiality Of Mood Repair Responses Among Youth With And Without Histories Of Depression., Lauren M. Bylsma, Ilya Yaroslavsky, Johnathan Rottenberg, Enikő Kiss, Krisztina Kapornai, Kitti Halas, Roberta Dochnal, Eszter Lefkovics, Ildikό Baji, Ágnes Vetrό, Maria Kovacs
Familiality Of Mood Repair Responses Among Youth With And Without Histories Of Depression., Lauren M. Bylsma, Ilya Yaroslavsky, Johnathan Rottenberg, Enikő Kiss, Krisztina Kapornai, Kitti Halas, Roberta Dochnal, Eszter Lefkovics, Ildikό Baji, Ágnes Vetrό, Maria Kovacs
Psychology Faculty Publications
Affect regulation skills develop in the context of the family environment, wherein youths are influenced by their parents', and possibly their siblings', regulatory responses and styles. Regulatory responses to sadness (mood repair) that exacerbate or prolong dysphoria (maladaptive mood repair) may represent one way in which depression is transmitted within families. We examined self-reported adaptive and maladaptive mood repair responses across cognitive, social and behavioural domains in Hungarian 11- to 19-year-old youth and their parents. Offspring included 214 probands with a history of childhood-onset depressive disorder, 200 never depressed siblings and 161 control peers. Probands reported the most problematic mood …
Young Children's Identity Formation In The Context Of Open Adoption In Nsw: An Examination Of Optimal Conditions For Child Wellbeing, Marc De Rosnay, Betty Luu, Amy Conley Wright
Young Children's Identity Formation In The Context Of Open Adoption In Nsw: An Examination Of Optimal Conditions For Child Wellbeing, Marc De Rosnay, Betty Luu, Amy Conley Wright
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
This working paper was commissioned by Barnardos Australia, through its Centre for Excellence in Open Adoption, to establish how open adoption can support the best interests of children in optimising developmental outcomes and establishing healthy identity formation. This paper focuses on children who are up to 5 years of age in out-of-home care (OOHC) for whom there is no realistic chance of restoration to their birth family or kinship care. Therefore, the options facing such children, according to recent amendments to the NSW Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998 (hereafter referred to as the Care Act) in …
Fostering Effective Early Learning (Feel) Through A Professional Development Programme For Early Childhood Educators To Improve Professional Practice And Child Outcomes In The Year Before Formal Schooling: Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Edward Melhuish, Steven J. Howard, Iram Siraj, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Denise Kingston, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Betty Luu
Fostering Effective Early Learning (Feel) Through A Professional Development Programme For Early Childhood Educators To Improve Professional Practice And Child Outcomes In The Year Before Formal Schooling: Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Edward Melhuish, Steven J. Howard, Iram Siraj, Cathrine Marguerite Neilsen-Hewett, Denise Kingston, Marc De Rosnay, Elisabeth Duursma, Betty Luu
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Background: A substantial research base documents the benefits of attendance at high-quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) for positive behavioural and learning outcomes. Research has also found that the quality of many young children's experiences and opportunities in ECEC depends on the skills, dispositions and understandings of the early childhood adult educators. Increasingly, research has shown that the quality of children's interactions with educators and their peers, more than any other programme feature, influence what children learn and how they feel about learning. Hence, we sought to investigate the extent to which evidence-based professional development (PD) - focussed on …
The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation, Social Support, And Alcohol-Related Problems Among Racially Diverse Adolescents., Briana A. Woods-Jaeger, Richard H. Nobles, Linnea Warren, Mary E. Larimer
The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation, Social Support, And Alcohol-Related Problems Among Racially Diverse Adolescents., Briana A. Woods-Jaeger, Richard H. Nobles, Linnea Warren, Mary E. Larimer
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
No abstract provided.