Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Automated Update Tools To Augment The Wisdom Of Crowds In Geopolitical Forecasting, Amy Summerville, Cara Widmer, Brandon Minnery, Ion Juvina, Subashini Ganapathy

Psychology Faculty Publications

Despite the importance of predictive judgments, individual human forecasts are frequently less accurate than those of even simple prediction algorithms. At the same time, not all forecasts are amenable to algorithmic prediction. Here, we describe the evaluation of an automated prediction tool that enabled participants to create simple rules that monitored relevant indicators (e.g., commodity prices) to automatically update forecasts. We examined these rules in both a pool of previous participants in a geopolitical forecasting tournament (Study 1) and a naïve sample recruited from Mechanical Turk (Study 2). Across the two studies, we found that automated updates tended to improve …

Treatment Of Ptsd And Sud For The Incarcerated Population With Emdr: A Pilot Study, Huma A. Bashir

Human Services Faculty Publications

Adverse childhood experiences predict recidivism. In incarcerated individuals, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates are higher. A study with 122 inmates with PTSD and substance use disorder explored eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)’s effectiveness. EMDR worked across gender and race, reducing PCL-C scores posttreatment and at 2 and 4 weeks. IER-R scores lowered from weeks 1 to 9. EMDR boosted affect, reasoning, and attitudes posttreatment.

Environmental Regulations And The Environmental Effect Of Fdi, Mingming Pan

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper presents the hypothesis that tightening environmental regulation of a country would improve the effect of inward FDI on its environment. Estimations of a sample of 101 countries over the period 2006-2016 confirmed the hypothesis. The results also provide indirect evidence that countries with weak environmental regulations attract polluting FDI and might deter “clean” FDI.

Appendix A-F For Food Waste, Food Insecurity, And The Globalization Of Food Banks, Daniel N. Warshawsky

Geography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Database Maintenance From The Central Catalog To Your Local System, Leigh Ann Duncan, Erin Kilkenny

University Libraries' Staff Publications

As we start to anticipate next year's ILS Migration, one thing is certain: Clean data will make the migration easier--at the local and consortium levels. This presentation will provide ideas and resources to help institutions start or accelerate database and system maintenance in preparation for migration. Erin Kilkenny will discuss OhioLINK's database maintenance projects in the Central Catalog and highlight resources available via Ostaff. Leigh Duncan will share ideas for streamlining codes and data within your Sierra system.

Maximizing Social Equity As A Pillar Of Public Administration: An Examination Of Cannabis Dispensary Licensing In Pennsylvania, A. Lee Hannah, Daniel J. Mallinson, Lauren Azevedo

Political Science Faculty Publications

Public administration upholds four pillars of an administrative practice: economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and social equity. The question arises, however, how do administrators balance effectiveness and social equity when implementing policy? Can the values contributing to administrative decisions be measured? This study leverages the expansion of medical cannabis programs in the states to interrogate these questions. The awarding of dispensary licenses in Pennsylvania affords the ability to determine the effect of social equity scoring on license award decisions, relative to criteria that represent the other pillars. The results show that safety and business acumen were the most important determining factors in …

Facebook Algorithm Changes May Have Amplified Local Republican Parties, Kevin Reuning, Anne Whitesell, A. Lee Hannah

Political Science Faculty Publications

In this research note we document changes to the rate of comments, shares, and reactions on local Republican Facebook pages. Near the end of 2018, local Republican parties started to see a much higher degree of interactions on their posts compared to local Democratic parties. We show how this increase in engagement was unique to Facebook and happened across a range of over a thousand local parties. In addition, we use a changepoint model to identify when the change happened and find it lines up with reported information about the change in Facebook’s algorithm in 2018. We conclude that it …

Remember: Building Displays To Promote A Prominent Collection In The Community, Heather Back, Beth Anderson

University Libraries' Staff Publications

Poster presentation discussing some of the Wright State University Libraries' displays and programs to educate and mark Holocaust Remembrance Month.

Protecting Ohio’S Water Quality Through Wetland Remediation, Sarah Logel

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Water reuse and reclamation is vital to the continuation of healthy crop yields, maintaining clean waterways, and for human use and consumption. Combined with the unrelenting ecological changes as a result of global warming, water stress has become ever prominent in the new age of climate change. Most often covered by news and media outlets are the rising sea levels which are undoubtably a dangerous threat. There is though, another menacing water issue, not so frequently discussed and it is the quality of water consumed by residents in America’s cities and towns and used by farmers for growing the very …

The Beef Industry: The Social Costs From An Ecological, Economic, And Social Perspective, Timothy Keathley

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Beef products are a staple of western diets and are quickly becoming normalized in more parts of the world. Americans from 1910 to present day have consumed an average of 60 pounds of beef each year, with total beef consumption annually over 27 billion pounds (Beef, 2005). Red meat is a tempestuous topic of discussion. Red meat is a product that has nutritional benefits, is a symbol of status, and has a favored taste for many of its consumers. It can also be said that red meat is associated with health issues, animal cruelty, and environmental sustainability concerns. Jochimsen said …

Reinvigorating Vacant Properties Through A Federal Jobs Guarantee, Derrick Busch

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Dayton, Ohio is a city currently in transition; once a technological and business hub, Dayton has gradually lost private businesses and with business left jobs, one of the most recent hits being the closure of the General Motors plant just south of the city. Over the past couple of years, a cultural renaissance has emerged within the city, with thriving bar districts and countless commercial buildings becoming residential apartment and mixed use complexes. The city is now at historically low commercial vacancy rates, however, many of the scars of fleeing residents and private businesses still remain. This urban resurgence has …

Recycling Fashion, Haley Moeder

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Americans tend to think of items they purchase as disposable, and when items become damaged or broken, they are thrown in the trash instead of being fixed or reused. Each year, Americans dispose of huge quantities of items in the trash and that trash is then sent to landfills. Ohioans alone disposed of 17.46 tons of waste in 2019 which then ended up in landfills or incinerated (Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, 2021). If more items were recycled, fewer items would be sent to landfills, creating more space, and reducing the chances of harmful chemicals leaking into the surrounding land. One …

Inadequate Accounting, Commoditization, And Ceremonial Tools: The Department Of Defense’S Environmental Remediation Process, Jed Cooper

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Water on the earth is a precious resource. However, over 99% of the water on the earth is not available as drinking water. Further issues such as uneven distribution, depletion and contamination of aquifers, excess demand, and climate change challenge the current scarce resources that are currently available to humans on the earth. Thus, humans have contaminated and polluted the limited freshwater available through toxic chemicals and human waste and in many parts of the world, leading to limited availability of clean water (Robertson, 2014). One of the biggest threats in the United States and globally the chemical contamination of …

Proposal To Reduce Waste Pollution And Promote Efficient Waste Materials Lifecycle Management Through Employment Programs And Recycling Infrastructure Investment, Jake Gibson

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

This proposal seeks to promote more efficient uses of materials by the consumer products industry while simultaneously restoring natural areas and ecological processes through a jobs guarantee program whose efforts will return discarded materials into a more efficient consumer product lifecycle. The proposal consists of two prongs: a jobs guarantee program providing jobs collecting discarded materials from natural areas, sorting high value materials from collected waste streams, and operating recycling equipment during collection and at collection and processing centers; and investments in national recycling infrastructure, namely industrial equipment to be installed at collection and processing centers such as balers, shredders, …

Addressing The Energy Air Pollution Within The Ohio Area, Travis Mcconnell

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Air pollution is the byproduct of the burning of fossil fuels and is a major issue within the Ohio area because of the lack of utilization of renewable and clean sources of energy. We emit tons and tons of pollutants into the environment each and every day, from when we hop in our cars or even when we simply turn on the lights in our homes. Essentially, anything that requires energy can be a cause of air pollution within the ecosystem. However, it may be the case that it is time that we change our ways and try to conserve …

An International Comparison Of Green Building In Cities, Faith Rosenow

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Green building is a concept that has become more relevant as the world works towards creating more environmentally friendly ways to exist on this planet. As defined by the World Green Building Council, a green building is “...a building that, in its design, construction or operation, reduces or eliminates negative impacts, and can create positive impacts, on our climate and natural environment. Green buildings preserve precious natural resources and improve our quality of life.” (What is Green Building?, n.d.). Some cities in the world have made more progress with moving forward with green building than others. While individually these buildings …

Navigating The News: Responsible News Consumption Through Media Literacy, Mandy Shannon

University Libraries' Staff Publications

This presentation was prepared by Mandy Shannon for the annual Friends of the Libraries Luncheon. It focuses on seeking to hone skills of information literacy as it has become increasingly important with the prevalence of misinformation in the age of information.

The Effects Of Misspecifying The Random Part Of Multilevel Models, David M. Lahuis, Daniel R. Jenkins, Michael J. Hartman, Shotaro Hakoyama, Patrick C. Clark

Psychology Faculty Publications

This paper examined the amount bias in standard errors for fixed effects when the random part of a multilevel model is misspecified. Study 1 examined the effects of misspecification for a model with one Level 1 predictor. Results indicated that misspecifying random slope variance as fixed had a moderate effect size on the standard errors of the fixed effects and had a greater effect than misspecifying fixed slopes as random. In Study 2, a second Level 1 predictor was added and allowed for the examination of the effects of misspecifying the slope variance of one predictor on the standard errors …

The Psychology Of Trauma And Covid-19, Jeremiah Schumm, Craig Woolley, Laura M. Luehrmann, Cheryl L. Meyer

School of Professional Psychology Faculty Publications

This is the third installment in the Shelter in Place (SiP) Lecture series. This installment deals with the impact and implications of the Shelter in Place order in terms of Psychological Trauma.

How Will Covid 19 Impact The 2020 Election, A. Lee Hannah, Craig Woolley, Laura M. Luehrmann

Political Science Faculty Publications

This is the second installment in the Shelter in Place (SiP) Lecture series. This installment deals with the impact and implications of the Shelter in Place order on the 2020 presidential election. It covers topics ranging from changes in implications on campaigning, the incumbent advantage, fundamental changes, policy effects, and more.

Distributed Manufacturing In Dayton: Combating Covid-19 Through Public Service Employment, Joshua Pham, Grayson Thacker

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

With the decline in manufacturing in the United States following the 1980s, many once thriving cities began to fall into economic stagnation and decline. Dayton, Ohio is one of these cities, experiencing a mass exodus of its central industry, leaving behind a labor force with mismatched skills for the current job environment and a lack of opportunity. Such unemployment has only been exacerbated by the Great Recession and the more recent economic shutdown, stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. To combat this decline and slow march to destitution, this paper proposes the implementation of a public service employment program (PSE) that …

Planting The Future: A Green Jobs Remediation For The Greater Dayton Area, Jason R. Utz

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

Situated in southwest Ohio, Dayton has been a vibrant hub of manufacturing for much of its past. As a host for the corporate headquarters of the National Cash Register (NCR) company and Premier Health Network, a major production facility for General Motors (GM), and Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB), Dayton has been a hotbed of opportunity. But now, with the departure of NCR and GM, Dayton has faced many of the same problems as other semi major cities scattered throughout the Midwest in what is now termed the “rust belt”. Although the city has a modest February unemployment of …

Green Jobs Guarantee, Coronavirus, And Public Sanitation, James Olderham

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

In recent years, the idea of the Government as an “employer of last resort” (ELR) has gained traction, both in the academic and general public spheres. While the origins of this idea can be traced through several economists, one of the most prominent conceptions of the policy comes from L. Randall Wray in his 1998 book Understanding Modern Money. In this piece, Wray outlines a policy whereby the government would offer meaningful employment to essentially anyone willing and able to work. The purpose would be to effectively solve the problem of involuntary unemployment. By putting this group of people to …

Environmental Regulations And Foreign Direct Investment, Valri Nesbit

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

I am writing a literature review of whether stronger environmental regulations affects foreign direct investment (FDI). Logic would tell you that the FDI would go to those countries that have lower environmental regulations because this results in lower costs to the corporation overall. I am a firm believer that corporations meet the definition of a sociopath: “a person…whose behavior is antisocial and who lacks a sense of moral responsibility or social conscience.”¹ Therefore, my belief is that these sociopathic corporations, which are deemed to be people pursuant to Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company,² will continue …

Foreign Direct Investment And Environmental Regulations, Kiel Hawk

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

For the longevity of our species as well as much of the biodiversity that remains, understanding the environmental impact of our decisions is paramount. We are amid the 6th mass extinction in the Earth’s history, and unlike the previous five this one’s on us. Having transgressed from the Holocene to the Anthropocene, we have found ourselves in an era that has lost many of the ecological features that has enabled our species to live such high standards of living, for wealth is dependent on that which nature provides. Over the past several decades, beginning around the 1970’s, we have been …

Transcanada’S Keystone Xl Pipeline And Its Impact On Nebraska Water Quality, Amy Chin

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

The Keystone Pipeline entered the national stage in 2010 when TransCanada proposed an extension that went through the Nebraska Sandhills, an ecosystem which contains a large portion of the Ogallala Aquifer. This is not an issue to be taken lightly – the Sandhills and Ogallala Aquifer fulfill many of the functions noted in de Groot, Wilson, and Bouman’s typology of ecosystem services. In this analysis, these two sides will converge into one research problem: exploring connections between the potential economic, social, and environmental effects of the Keystone XL Pipeline’s presence in the Sandhills region of Central Nebraska.

The analysis shall …

Hunting As Conservation In The United States – Sustaining Suitable Habitat, James Olderham

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

In aggregating the increasing information being collected on the value of goods and services that natural and semi-natural ecosystems provide, de Groot, Wilson, and Boumans attempted to create a standardized view to assess the economic valuation of ecosystem functions (2002). One of the ecosystem functions mentioned in their system is the Nursery function, which is associated with the process of reproducing suitable habitats (de Groot et al, 2002). The authors list the hunting of game, fishing, and the gathering of fruits and vegetation as examples of goods and services that play a role in fulfilling this function of nature (2002). …

Import Tariffs And The Flow Of Counterfeit Goods Into The United States, Avery S. Thomson

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

The world of counterfeit goods is diverse and has grown rapidly throughout the years. The boom of e-commerce has resulted in a devastating increase in the shipment of small packages into the United States, making it easier for every day consumers to be fooled by counterfeiting masterminds. Counterfeit goods are not limited to fake watches and designer purses offered on the streets of Los Angeles or New York City anymore, instead the market has expanded to include many goods like consumer electronics, footwear, apparel, cosmetics, and even medicines and personal care items. Advances in technology at border control points, advertising …

Humanae Vitae At Fifty Years And The Economics Of The Pill, Andrew Beauchamp

Economics Faculty Publications

This article examines how economic analysis of the social consequences of the birth control pill dovetail with the predictions and pronouncements of Roman Catholic social teaching. Direct, equilibrium, and indirect consequences each, in turn, confirm that the advent of the pill has coincided with increased rates of divorce and out-of-wedlock births alongside increased participation of women in the formal labor market. These findings lead to the conclusion that Pope Paul VI’s Humanae Vitae and other papal teachings on sex, marriage, and the family deserve to be revisited and reevaluated in light of this history.

Call Center Jobs To Mitigate Unemployment And Isolation Problems Amid Coronavirus Crisis In The United States, Pepin Kazadi

Student Papers in Local and Global Regional Economies

The global economy is undoubtfully under threats of the novel coronavirus. Government and local authorities have taken precaution measures to mitigate the spread of the virus. Shutdowns and social distancing restrictions, taken in the context of fighting the spread of the virus, have prompted an unpredicted slowdown of the global economy. In the United States, the economic disruptions due to the pandemic have terribly increased the unemployment level. About 22.034 million of Americans have filed for unemployment benefits since March 21, 2020 (Mutikani, 2020). In addition, working hours have been reduced. Small businesses, such as food and beverage services, hotels, …