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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 31
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Lessons Of The Civil Rights Movement For A Workers Rights Movement, Aldon Morris, Dan Clawson
Lessons Of The Civil Rights Movement For A Workers Rights Movement, Aldon Morris, Dan Clawson
Dan Clawson
In 1955, African Americans in the South faced seemingly impossible conditions, but a decade later, a mass movement had won impressive victories. If workers and unions hope to achieve fundamental changes, not just incremental advances, they should learn from the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement indicates that workers’ rights can be won only if workers launch a mass movement, take risks, engage in direct action, demonstrate an ability to disrupt the normal functioning of society, and maintain that disruption until concessions are won. Political change, legal victories, cultural shifts, and media coverage followed from, and depended on, the …
Lessons Of The Civil Rights Movement For Building A Worker Rights Movement, Aldon Morris, Dan Clawson
Lessons Of The Civil Rights Movement For Building A Worker Rights Movement, Aldon Morris, Dan Clawson
Dan Clawson
In 1955, African Americans in the South faced seemingly impossible conditions, but a decade later, a mass movement had won impressive victories. If workers and unions hope to achieve fundamental changes, not just incremental advances, they should learn from the civil rights movement. The civil rights movement indicates that workers’ rights can be won only if workers launch a mass movement, take risks, engage in direct action, demonstrate an ability to disrupt the normal functioning of society, and maintain that disruption until concessions are won. Political change, legal victories, cultural shifts, and media coverage followed from, and depended on, the …
Hidden Jewel Of Information Uncovered, Madeleine K. Charney
Hidden Jewel Of Information Uncovered, Madeleine K. Charney
Madeleine K. Charney
Describes the library at the New England Small Farm Institute (NESFI), located at 275 Jackson Street in Belchertown, MA.
Timing Variability In Circle Drawing And Tapping: Probing The Relationship Between Event And Emergent Timing, Howard N. Zelaznik, Rebecca M. C. Spencer, Richard B. Ivry, Alex Baria, Melissa Bloom, Lisa Dolansky, Shannon Justice, Kristen Patterson, Emily Whetter
Timing Variability In Circle Drawing And Tapping: Probing The Relationship Between Event And Emergent Timing, Howard N. Zelaznik, Rebecca M. C. Spencer, Richard B. Ivry, Alex Baria, Melissa Bloom, Lisa Dolansky, Shannon Justice, Kristen Patterson, Emily Whetter
Rebecca M. C. Spencer
R. Ivry, R. M. Spencer, H. N. Zelaznik, and J. Diedrichsen (2002) have proposed a distinction between timed movements in which a temporal representation is part of the task goal (event timing) and those in which timing properties are emergent. The issue addressed in the present experiment was how timing in conditions conducive to emergent timing becomes established. According to what the authors term the transformation hypothesis, timing initially requires an event-based representation when the temporal goal is defined externally (e.g., by a metronome), but over the first few movement cycles, control processes become established that allow timing to become …
Landowner Driven Sustainable Forest Management And Value-Added Processing, David T. Damery
Landowner Driven Sustainable Forest Management And Value-Added Processing, David T. Damery
David T. Damery
The Massachusetts Woodlands Cooperative, LLC (MWC) is working to help members conduct sustainable forestry of the highest standards while increasing financial returns from harvest activities. The forests of Massachusetts, the 3rd most densely populated of the United States, are threatened. Decades of high grading and the threat of conversion to alternative use present challenges for maintaining a forested landscape. Despite being 60% forested Massachusetts imports approximately 98% of the wood fiber that its citizens consume.
A Chinese Sky Trust? Distributional Impacts Of Carbon Charges And Revenue Recycling In China, Mark Brenner, Matthew Riddle, James K. Boyce
A Chinese Sky Trust? Distributional Impacts Of Carbon Charges And Revenue Recycling In China, Mark Brenner, Matthew Riddle, James K. Boyce
James K. Boyce
The introduction of carbon charges on the use of fossil fuels in China would have a progressive impact on income distribution. This outcome, which contrasts to the regressive distributional impact found in most studies of carbon charges in industrialized countries, is driven primarily by differences between urban and rural expenditure patterns. If carbon revenues were recycled on an equal per capita basis via a ‘sky trust,’ the progressive impact would be further enhanced: low-income (mainly rural) households would receive more in sky-trust dividends than they pay in carbon charges, and high-income (mainly urban) households would pay more than they receive …
Refworks: A Vehicle For Information Literacy, David Mac Court, Madeleine K. Charney
Refworks: A Vehicle For Information Literacy, David Mac Court, Madeleine K. Charney
David Mac Court
Conference Abstract: RefWorks receives rave reviews across our campus! Experience how this online product manages citations and generates bibliographies. Learn about "teaching moments" that occur during a session. Understand how RefWorks upholds ACRL's Information Literacy Standard 2, #5. We will also explore how RefWorks may free the researcher, allowing for improved scholarship. Presented with Madeleine Charney, Reference Services Librarian, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
Land Planning And Development Mitigation For Protecting Water Quality In The Great Lakes System: An Evaluation Of U.S. Approaches, Elizabeth Brabec, Peter Kumble
Land Planning And Development Mitigation For Protecting Water Quality In The Great Lakes System: An Evaluation Of U.S. Approaches, Elizabeth Brabec, Peter Kumble
Elizabeth Brabec
A review of the land use/water quality interface of the Great Lakes system, and the monitoring programs in place. The paper reviews the weakness in the system and suggests opportunities for improvement.
Space Of Vulnerability In Poverty And Health: Political Ecology And Biocultural Analysis, Thomas L. Leatherman
Space Of Vulnerability In Poverty And Health: Political Ecology And Biocultural Analysis, Thomas L. Leatherman
Thomas L Leatherman
In this article I present a political-ecological approach for biocultural analyses that attempts to synthesize perspectives from anthropological political economy and those from ecological anthropology and human adaptability approaches. The approach is used to examine contexts and consequences of vulnerability among Andean peoples in southern Peru, and specifically the ongoing and dialectical relationships between poverty, illness, and household production. Household demographic composition, class position, economic status, and interpersonal relations are all important in shaping their experience with illness, and coping capacity in dealing with the consequences of illness on household livelihood. I suggest that the contexts and consequences of vulnerability …
Family Formation Among Women In The U.S. Military: Evidence From The Nlsy, Jennifer H. Lundquist, Herbert Smith
Family Formation Among Women In The U.S. Military: Evidence From The Nlsy, Jennifer H. Lundquist, Herbert Smith
Dr. Jennifer H. Lundquist
Although female employment is associated with lower levels of completed fertility in the civilian world, we find family formation rates among U.S. military women to be comparatively high. We compare enlisted women with civilian women using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 3,547), the only data set to measure simultaneously the nuptiality and fertility of both populations. Using propensity score matching, we show that the fertility effect derives primarily from early marriage in the military, a surprisingly ‘‘family-friendly’’ institution. This shows that specific organizational and economic incentives in a working environment may offset the more widespread contemporary social …
Politics Or Economics? International Migration During The Nicaraguan Contra War, Jennifer H. Lundquist, Douglas Massey
Politics Or Economics? International Migration During The Nicaraguan Contra War, Jennifer H. Lundquist, Douglas Massey
Dr. Jennifer H. Lundquist
The issue of whether Central Americans in the United States are ‘ political ’ or ‘economic’ migrants has been widely debated, yet little empirical research has informed the controversy. Earlier studies have relied primarily on cross-sectional aggregate data. In order to overcome these limitations we draw on recent surveys conducted in five Nicaraguan communities by the Latin American Migration Project. Using retrospective data, we reconstruct a history of a family’s migration to the United States and Costa Rica from the date of household formation to the survey date and link these data to national-level data on GDP and Contra War …
Optimal Paradigms, John J. Mccarthy
Optimal Paradigms, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
Transderivational Correspondence and Uniform Exponence are two recent theories of surface resemblances among morphologically related words. This article describes the Optimal Paradigms theory, which incorporates elements of both. In OP, candidates consist of entire inflectional paradigms. Within each candidate paradigm, there is a correspondence relation from every paradigm member to every other paradigm member. Faithfulness constraints on this intraparadigmatic correspondence relation resist alternation within the paradigm. This model is illustrated and supported with a type of evidence that has not figured in previous discussions, the templatic structure of the Classical Arabic verb. Generalized Template Theory demands that templatic restrictions emerge …
Taking A Free Ride In Morphophonemic Learning, John J. Mccarthy
Taking A Free Ride In Morphophonemic Learning, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
As language learners begin to analyze morphologically complex words, they face the problem of projecting underlying representations from the morphophonemic alternations that they observe. Research on learnability in Optimality Theory has started to address this problem, and this article deals with one aspect of it. When alternation data tell the learner that some surface [B]s are derived from underlying /A/s, the learner will under certain conditions generalize by deriving all [B]s, even nonalternating ones, from /A/s. An adequate learning theory must therefore incorporate a procedure that allows nonalternating [B]s to take a «free ride» on the /A/ →[B] unfaithful map.
The Length Of Stem-Final Vowels In Colloquial Arabic, John J. Mccarthy
The Length Of Stem-Final Vowels In Colloquial Arabic, John J. Mccarthy
John J. McCarthy
This paper has argued that richness of the base, when combined with OT’s inherent commitment to typology, leads to an improved understanding of problems of indeterminacy in underlying representations. The controversy over the length of Arabic final vowels, a controversy to which many analysts have contributed without a final resolution, disappears once the phenomena are examined from the perspective of ROTB and a typologically responsible CON. It has been suggested (M. Hale and Reiss 1998: 660) that “the notion of richness of the base [is] a computational curiosity of OT grammars that may be quite irrelevant to human language”. This …
Market Power In Direct Marketing Of Fresh Produce: Community Supported Agriculture Farms, Daniel A. Lass, Nathalie Lavoie, Robert T. Fetter
Market Power In Direct Marketing Of Fresh Produce: Community Supported Agriculture Farms, Daniel A. Lass, Nathalie Lavoie, Robert T. Fetter
Daniel A. Lass
CSA farms establish a loyal customer base and, potentially, market power. A new empirical industrial organization (NEIO) approach and survey data from Northeast CSA farms are used to determine whether CSA farms have market power and the extent to which they exercise their market power. Results suggest CSA farms exert about two percent of their potential monopoly power.
Market Power In Direct Marketing Of Fresh Produce: Community Supported Agriculture Farms, Daniel A. Lass, Nathalie Lavoie, Robert T. Fetter
Market Power In Direct Marketing Of Fresh Produce: Community Supported Agriculture Farms, Daniel A. Lass, Nathalie Lavoie, Robert T. Fetter
Nathalie Lavoie
CSA farms establish a loyal customer base and, potentially, market power. A new empirical industrial organization (NEIO) approach and survey data from Northeast CSA farms are used to determine whether CSA farms have market power and the extent to which they exercise their market power. Results suggest CSA farms exert about two percent of their potential monopoly power.
Black And Latino: Dominican Americans Negotiate Racial Worlds, Benjamin Bailey
Black And Latino: Dominican Americans Negotiate Racial Worlds, Benjamin Bailey
Benjamin Bailey
No abstract provided.
Yugoslav Socialism And Its Aftermath As Viewed Through The Lens Of Personal Experiences In The Balkans, 1953-2004, Joel Halpern
Yugoslav Socialism And Its Aftermath As Viewed Through The Lens Of Personal Experiences In The Balkans, 1953-2004, Joel Halpern
Joel M. Halpern
In this brief essay it is my intention to focus on how Yugoslav government policies affected my research. At the same time I wish to explore the much more important question as to the ways in which the Yugoslav variety of socialism, as developed in a centralized communist and ideologically bound state, affected the everyday lives of the people in that country. The time frame I am considering is some four decades beginning with the early 1950s. The events recounted here from memory are not intended as an established view of the past but rather as a compilation of selected …
Risk Management In The Integrated Nafta Market: Lessons From The Case Of Bse, Julie Caswell, David Sparling
Risk Management In The Integrated Nafta Market: Lessons From The Case Of Bse, Julie Caswell, David Sparling
Julie Caswell
No abstract provided.
'Wild Capitalism’ And ‘Ecocolonialism’: A Tale Of Two Rivers, Krista Harper
'Wild Capitalism’ And ‘Ecocolonialism’: A Tale Of Two Rivers, Krista Harper
Krista M. Harper
The development and pollution of two rivers, the Danube and Tisza, have been the site and subject of environmental protests and projects in Hungary since the late 1980s. Protests against the damming of the Danube rallied opposition to the state socialist government, drawing on discourses of national sovereignty and international environmentalism. The Tisza suffered a major environmental disaster in 2000, when a globally financed gold mine in Romania spilled thousands of tons of cyanide and other heavy metals into the river, sending a plume of pollution downriver into neighboring countries. In this article, I examine the symbolic ecologies that emerged …
Beyond Theme Parks And Digitized Data: What Can Cultural Heritage Technologies Contribute To The Public Understanding Of The Past?, Neil A. Silberman
Beyond Theme Parks And Digitized Data: What Can Cultural Heritage Technologies Contribute To The Public Understanding Of The Past?, Neil A. Silberman
Neil A. Silberman
No abstract provided.
What Drives A Labor Upsurge?, Dan Clawson
What Drives A Labor Upsurge?, Dan Clawson
Dan Clawson
I wrote The Next Upsurge: Labor and the New Social Movements in hopes of stimulating, and participating in, exactly the kind of discussion presented here. These essays engage issues that will be central to any attempt to revive the labor movement. The contributors are generous about my own work, and at the same time raise challenges and add analyses that address the problems labor faces today. The labor movement will advance more through sharp and vigorous debate than by papering over differences. I’d rather that my bold analysis be proven wrong and contribute to the needed debate than to offer …
Design Excellence, John Brigham
Landscapes Of Fear In Springfield, John Brigham
Landscapes Of Fear In Springfield, John Brigham
John Brigham
This is an English version of a paper I published in Spanish as part of an Onati symposium on "fear of crime in medium sized cities".
Celebrity As Authority In Law, John Brigham, Jill Meyers
Celebrity As Authority In Law, John Brigham, Jill Meyers
John Brigham
No abstract provided.
The Color Of Law, John Brigham
Open Source And Open Content: A Framework For Global Collaboration In Social-Ecological Research, Charles M. Schweik, Tom Evans, J Morgan Grove
Open Source And Open Content: A Framework For Global Collaboration In Social-Ecological Research, Charles M. Schweik, Tom Evans, J Morgan Grove
Charles M. Schweik
Traditional approaches to the communication and validation of scientific research, e.g., peer review, and to the communication of findings, e.g., refereed publication, have been in place in some form since shortly after the development of the printing press in the 16th century (Ziman 1969, Johns 2001). This process of peer review as a mechanism to check for credible information (Burnham 1990, Kronick 1990) and journal publication has resulted in great progress in scientific knowledge over the last four centuries. The process also provides an example of how advances in technology, such as the printing press coupled with systems for the …
Central Issues In The Political Development Of The Virtual State, Jane E. Fountain
Central Issues In The Political Development Of The Virtual State, Jane E. Fountain
Jane E. Fountain
The term “virtual state” is a metaphor meant to draw attention to the structures and processes of the state that are becoming more and more deeply designed with digital information and communication systems. Digitalization of information and communication allows the institutions of the state to rethink the location of data, decision mak- ing, services and processes to include not only government organiza- tions but also nonprofits and private firms. I have called states that make extensive use of information technologies virtual states to high- light what may be fundamental changes in the nature and structure of the state in the …
Regional Land Pattern Assessment: Development Of A Resource Efficiency Measurement Method, Elizabeth Brabec, Geoffrey Mcd Lewis
Regional Land Pattern Assessment: Development Of A Resource Efficiency Measurement Method, Elizabeth Brabec, Geoffrey Mcd Lewis
Elizabeth Brabec
Debate on the sustainability of human settlements has recently been focused primarily on the urban portion of the land use pattern. However, urban areas rely on suburban, rural, and other less densely settled lands for their existence. In order to quantify the impacts of various land patterns on their supporting resources, these exurban lands must be included in any sustainability assessment. This need for a regional view has resulted in a measurement method that enables comparisons of relative sustainability between various regional land use patterns. Existing methods employed to assess urban sustainability are reviewed and compared with the regional characteristic …
Scolding John Q.: Articulating A Normative Relationship Between Politics And Entertainment, Emily West
Scolding John Q.: Articulating A Normative Relationship Between Politics And Entertainment, Emily West
Emily E. West
The 2002 hostage drama John Q. triggered a discussion among journalists, the public, and the policy community about the proper relationship between politics and entertainment. In this debate the criteria for good journalism and good political discourse were frequently invoked to evaluate this Hollywood film. This discussion, which spilled out of the film criticism pages into news and commentary pages, shows how public sphere models of political discourse are privileged even though they may not be a good fit for fictional media. John Q.’s success in triggering public discussion and awareness about health policy issues seems to illustrate DeLuca & …